A kind of unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation experimental equipment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of geological research technology, and specifically relates to an unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation experimental equipment, including a main component, the main component includes a body component, and a replacement component is arranged on the top of the body component; a simulation component, the simulation component includes a storage component arranged inside the replacement component, and a spray component is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the body component; a pressure component, the pressure component is arranged on the rear side of the top surface of the body component; a laying component, the laying component includes a material transport component arranged on the right side of the top surface of the body component, and a regulating component is arranged on the top of the material transport component. The invention can adjust water droplets of different sizes during simulation to simulate more rain conditions, and can automatically complete the laying and humidity adjustment of the soil, and adjust the softness of the soil, so as to simulate soils of different compactness, thereby simulating soil layers in different conditions, changing the simulation environment, and improving rigor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geological research, and in particular relates to a rainfall infiltration simulation experimental device for unsaturated soil. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of earth science, environmental science, agricultural engineering and civil engineering, studying the infiltration process of rainfall into soil is crucial for understanding the interaction between surface water and groundwater, assessing soil erosion risks, optimizing irrigation strategies and designing effective drainage systems. Traditional unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation experimental equipment has played an important role in promoting these studies. However, they have exposed a series of limitations in practical applications, which restricts the accuracy and flexibility of the experiments.

[0003] First, the inconvenience of soil laying is a major problem faced by current experimental equipment. The traditional soil laying method is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also difficult to ensure the uniformity and consistency of soil laying, which in turn affects the repeatability of experimental results.

[0004] Secondly, soil compactness and moisture are key factors affecting rainfall infiltration rate and soil moisture dynamics. However, most existing equipment lacks the ability to quickly adjust these parameters, making it difficult for researchers to flexibly set soil conditions according to experimental needs, thus limiting the diversity of experimental design and in-depth analysis of experimental results.

[0005] Finally, rainfall intensity, duration, and raindrop size have significant effects on soil infiltration. Traditional rainfall simulators can only provide a relatively simple precipitation pattern and cannot accurately simulate the complex and changeable rainfall scenarios in nature, such as rainfall events of different intensities and intermittent rainfall. This limits the in-depth exploration of the soil response mechanism under actual rainfall conditions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment, which can adjust water droplets of different sizes during simulation to simulate more rain conditions, and can automatically complete the laying and humidity adjustment of the soil, and adjust the softness of the soil to simulate soils of different compactness, thereby simulating soil layers in different conditions, changing the simulation environment, and improving rigor.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test device comprises a main body component, wherein the main body component comprises a body component, and a replacement component is arranged on the top of the body component;

[0009] A simulation component, the simulation component includes a storage component arranged inside the exchange component, and a spray component is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the body component;

[0010] A pressure-applying assembly, the pressure-applying assembly being arranged on the rear side of the top surface of the body assembly;

[0011] A laying component, the laying component includes a material transport component arranged on the right side of the top surface of the body component, and a regulating component is arranged on the top of the material transport component;

[0012] When the material transport component transports the soil to the regulating component, the regulating component spreads the soil in the storage component and adjusts the moisture of the soil, and the pressure component is used to adjust the compactness of the soil;

[0013] The exchange component is used to move the storage component on which the soil is laid to under the spray component, and the spray component is used to simulate rainfall and adjust the size of raindrops.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the body assembly includes a base, annular grooves are provided on both sides of the top of the base, a through groove is provided between the two groups of the annular grooves, and a moving block is slidably connected in the through groove, and a first electric push rod is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the right side of the moving block, and the first electric push rod is installed on the right side of the inner cavity of the base.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the exchange component includes a first motor fixedly mounted on the left side of the inner cavity of the base, an X-shaped frame fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the X-shaped frame rotatably connected to the left side of the top surface of the base, through grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the X-shaped frame, and the tops of the through grooves are threadedly connected to cover plates by bolts, a second motor is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity of the base, a V-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and the V-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the right side of the top surface of the base.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the storage assembly includes a perspective barrel slidably connected to the inner cavity of an X-shaped frame, the inner cavity of the perspective barrel is threadedly connected to a sieve plate by bolts, a drain port is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the perspective barrel below the sieve plate, and a ball is hingedly connected to the inner cavity at the bottom end of the perspective barrel, and the ball is rollingly connected in an annular groove.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the spray assembly includes a metal tube fixedly connected to the left side of the top surface of the base, the bottom of the right end of the metal tube is connected to a drain plate, the outer ring of the drain plate is slidably connected to a baffle, the bottom of the baffle is contacted and connected to the outlet of the drain plate, the middle part of the left side of the drain plate is rotatably connected to a screw rod, the outer ring of the screw rod is threadedly connected to the top left side of the baffle, and a scale bar is opened in the middle of the top surface of the drain plate.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure-applying assembly includes a pillar fixedly connected to the rear side of the top surface of the base, a mechanical arm is installed on the top of the pillar, a second electric push rod is fixedly installed at the end of the mechanical arm, and an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the material transport component includes a material storage barrel fixedly connected to the right side of the top surface of the base, a feed port is opened at the right top of the material storage barrel, the front bottom of the material storage barrel is connected to a material transport pipe, the top of the material transport pipe is connected to a discharge pipe, the inner cavity of the material storage barrel is equipped with an auger 1, the bottom end of the auger 1 extends out of the outlet of the material transport pipe, the inner cavity of the material transport pipe is equipped with an auger 2, and the top of the auger 2 is arranged at the inlet of the discharge pipe.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the regulating component includes an X-axis and Y-axis movable platform fixedly installed on the top of the material storage barrel, a material receiving cover is slidably connected to the X-axis and Y-axis movable platforms, the material receiving cover is arranged below the outlet of the discharge pipe, the left side of the material receiving cover is connected to a discharge pipe, the inner cavity of the discharge pipe and the material receiving cover is equipped with an auger, a discharge outlet is opened on the left side of the bottom of the discharge pipe, and a spray head is fixedly connected to the left side of the discharge pipe.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the X-shaped frame and the V-shaped frame are respectively located at the centers of the two annular grooves.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, an arc-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the moving block, and the width of the arc-shaped groove is greater than the inner diameter of the annular groove.

[0023] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0024] The storage component and the spray component of the present invention can adjust water droplets of different sizes during simulation, simulate more rain conditions, and change the simulated environment of the soil to improve rigor. During the simulation experiment, the drainage at the bottom of the storage component can be opened or closed to simulate the environment of water seepage at the bottom of the soil. In the experiment, the rain intensity can be controlled by adjusting the amount of water inlet to the spray component. At the same time, the driving part of the spray component can be rotated to move the shielding part of the spray component and change the size of the spray component outlet to change the impact intensity of the falling rain and the size of the raindrops, providing different detection scenarios.

[0025] The material transport component and the regulating component of the present invention can automatically complete the laying and humidity adjustment of the soil before the simulation, so as to simulate soil layers in different conditions; before the experiment, the soil to be used is placed in the storage part of the material transport component, and then the driving part of the material transport component will transport the soil into the regulating component, and the driving part of the regulating component will continuously adjust the position of the regulating component to evenly lay the soil inside the storage component, and while laying, the water spraying part of the regulating component will spray water mist to adjust the humidity of the soil, so as to simulate soil layers in different humidity conditions;

[0026] The pressure component and the exchange component of the present invention can adjust the softness of the soil before conducting an experiment so as to simulate soils of different compactness or soil layers of different compactness. During the soil laying process, the soil transportation can be suspended during the laying process, and the storage component can be moved to the bottom of the pressure component. At this time, the driving part of the pressure component can continuously apply pressure to the laid soil to press the soil to a certain compactness, and then the soil is moved to the bottom of the regulating component through the exchange component to continue laying. The above steps are repeated many times to obtain a soil layer with different soil densities, thereby more accurately simulating the real environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the body assembly in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the moving block in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the replacement component in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the first electric push rod in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a storage assembly in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray assembly in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the spray assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure-applying component in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material transport component in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the material transport component in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating component in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the regulating component in the present invention.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0041] 10. Main assembly; 11. Machine body assembly; 111. Base; 112. Annular groove; 113. Moving block; 114. First electric push rod; 12. Replacement assembly; 121. First motor; 122. X-shaped frame; 123. Cover plate; 124. Second motor; 125.

[0042] V-shaped frame; 20, simulation component; 21, storage component; 211, perspective barrel; 212, sieve plate; 213, drain outlet; 214, ball bearing; 22, spray component; 221, metal pipe; 222, drain plate; 223, baffle; 224, screw rod; 225, scale bar; 30, pressure component; 31, support; 32, mechanical arm; 33, second electric push rod; 34, extrusion plate; 40, laying component; 41, material transport component; 411, storage barrel; 412, feed port; 413, material transport pipe; 414, discharge pipe; 415, auger one; 416, auger two; 42, control component; 421, X and Y axis moving platform; 422, material receiving cover; 423, discharge pipe; 424, auger three; 425, discharge outlet; 426, spray head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0046] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0047] Please see attached Figures 1 to 13 As shown, this embodiment provides an unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test device, including a main body component 10, the main body component 10 includes a body component 11, and a replacement component 12 is arranged on the top of the body component 11;

[0048] The simulation component 20 includes a storage component 21 disposed inside the exchange component 12, and a spray component 22 is disposed on the left side of the top surface of the body component 11;

[0049] A pressure-applying assembly 30, which is disposed on the rear side of the top surface of the body assembly 11;

[0050] The laying component 40 includes a material transport component 41 disposed on the right side of the top surface of the body component 11, and a regulating component 42 is disposed on the top of the material transport component 41;

[0051] When the material transport component 41 transports the soil to the regulating component 42, the regulating component 42 spreads the soil in the storage component 21 and adjusts the moisture of the soil, and the pressure component 30 is used to adjust the compactness of the soil;

[0052] The exchange component 12 is used to move the storage component 21 on which the soil has been laid to under the spray component 22. The spray component 22 is used to simulate rainfall and adjust the size of raindrops.

[0053] In this embodiment, before conducting the simulation experiment, the storage component 21 is moved to the bottom of the regulating component 42 by replacing the component 12, and then the dry soil to be laid is poured into the material transport component 41, and the driving part of the material transport component 41 is started to transport the soil to the regulating component 42. The driving component of the regulating component 42 will adjust the position according to the preset program to ensure that the soil is evenly laid inside the storage component 21. At the same time, the regulating component 42 will spray water mist when laying the soil to adjust the soil moisture to the required level. In the process of laying the soil, the laying of the soil can be suspended, and the storage component 21 can be moved to the bottom of the pressure component 30. The driving part of the pressure component 30 will continue to apply pressure to the soil to ensure that the soil reaches a predetermined compactness, and this step can be repeated multiple times to lay a soil layer of different densities to simulate authenticity. After completing this process, the replacement component 12 moves the storage component 21 to the bottom of the spray component 22 again. The spray component 22 simulates the rainfall process and simulates rainfall of different intensities and patterns by controlling the opening and closing of the nozzle and the water pressure, thereby achieving the effect of simulating natural rainfall infiltration, providing highly simulated experimental conditions for the unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation experiment.

[0054] Next, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The body assembly 11 includes a base 111, and an annular groove 112 is provided on both the left and right sides of the top of the base 111, and a through groove is provided between the two groups of annular grooves 112, and a moving block 113 is slidably connected in the through groove, and the front and rear sides of the right side of the moving block 113 are fixedly connected with a first electric push rod 114, and the first electric push rod 114 is installed on the right side of the inner cavity of the base 111;

[0055] The exchange assembly 12 includes a first motor 121 fixedly mounted on the left side of the inner cavity of the base 111, an X-shaped frame 122 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 121, the X-shaped frame 122 is rotatably connected to the left side of the top surface of the base 111, through grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the X-shaped frame 122, and the tops of the through grooves are threadedly connected to cover plates 123 by bolts, a second motor 124 is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity of the base 111, a V-shaped frame 125 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 124, and the V-shaped frame 125 is rotatably connected to the right side of the top surface of the base 111;

[0056] The storage assembly 21 includes a perspective barrel 211 slidably connected to the inner cavity of the X-shaped frame 122, the inner cavity of the perspective barrel 211 is threadedly connected with a sieve plate 212 through bolts, a drain port 213 is opened at the bottom of the inner cavity of the perspective barrel 211 below the sieve plate 212, and a ball 214 is hingedly connected to the inner cavity of the bottom end of the perspective barrel 211, and the ball 214 is rollingly connected in the annular groove 112;

[0057] The X-shaped frame 122 and the V-shaped frame 125 are respectively located at the centers of the two annular grooves 112;

[0058] An arc-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the moving block 113 , and the width of the arc-shaped groove is greater than the inner diameter of the annular groove 112 .

[0059] It should be noted that the main body of the perspective barrel 211 is made of acrylic material, which is designed to enable it to observe the conditions of the soil experiment and also to reduce weight;

[0060] A valve is provided at the drain outlet 213 to facilitate the control of the opening and closing of the drain outlet 213 and to facilitate the simulation of whether water seeps into the bottom soil layer.

[0061] In this embodiment, when conducting a soil simulation experiment, the perspective barrel 211 is located at the regulating component 42 to lay the soil. After completion, the second motor 124 drives the V-shaped frame 125 to rotate, so that the perspective barrel 211 moves to the moving block 113, and then the first electric push rod 114 pushes the moving block 113 to move, thereby driving the perspective barrel 211 to move to the annular groove 112 on the left side, and then the first motor 121 drives the X-shaped frame 122 to rotate, driving the perspective barrel 211 to move to the bottom of the spray component 22. During the movement, the balls 214 roll in the annular groove 112 to reduce the friction during movement. During the experiment, the simulated rainwater will be discharged from the drain 213 through the sieve plate 212. If it is necessary to simulate the situation that the bottom of the soil cannot seep water, the drain 213 can be closed.

[0062] Next, please refer to Figures 7 and 8 The spray assembly 22 includes a metal tube 221 fixedly connected to the left side of the top surface of the base 111, the bottom of the right end of the metal tube 221 is connected to a drain plate 222, the outer ring of the drain plate 222 is slidably connected to a baffle 223, the bottom of the baffle 223 is contacted and connected to the outlet of the drain plate 222, the middle part of the left side of the drain plate 222 is rotatably connected to a screw rod 224, the outer ring of the screw rod 224 is threadedly connected to the top of the left side of the baffle 223, and a scale bar 225 is opened in the middle of the top surface of the drain plate 222.

[0063] It should be noted that a pointer is provided at the top of the baffle 223 near the scale bar 225 to facilitate observation of the scale bar 225 and thus accurately control the size of the outlet of the drain plate 222;

[0064] The outer end of the screw rod 224 is fixedly connected with a handle to facilitate driving it to rotate;

[0065] A limiting plate is provided on the top of the baffle 223, and the limiting plate is in contact with and connected to the top of the drain plate 222, so as to prevent the baffle 223 from falling and affecting its use.

[0066] In this embodiment, during the simulation experiment, the metal pipe 221 is connected to an external water pump to provide water to the drainage plate 222, and the speed and intensity of the water flowing through the drainage plate 222 are adjusted by controlling the transportation speed of the water pump. At the same time, the screw rod 224 can be rotated to drive the baffle 223 to move, so that the baffle 223 blocks a part of the outlet of the drainage plate 222, thereby adjusting the size of the falling water droplets and the intensity of the water discharge.

[0067] Next, please refer to Figures 9 to 13 The pressure assembly 30 includes a support 31 fixedly connected to the rear side of the top surface of the base 111, a mechanical arm 32 is installed on the top of the support 31, a second electric push rod 33 is fixedly installed at the end of the mechanical arm 32, and an extrusion plate 34 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod 33;

[0068] The material transport component 41 includes a material storage barrel 411 fixedly connected to the right side of the top surface of the base 111, a material feed port 412 is opened on the right top of the material storage barrel 411, a material transport pipe 413 is connected to the bottom of the front of the material storage barrel 411, and a discharge pipe 414 is connected to the top of the material transport pipe 413. An auger 1 415 is installed in the inner cavity of the material storage barrel 411, and the bottom end of the auger 1 415 extends out of the outlet of the material transport pipe 413. An auger 2 416 is installed in the inner cavity of the material transport pipe 413, and the top end of the auger 2 416 is arranged at the entrance of the discharge pipe 414;

[0069] The regulating component 42 includes an X and Y axis moving platform 421 fixedly installed on the top of the material storage barrel 411, and a material receiving cover 422 is slidably connected inside the X and Y axis moving platform 421. The material receiving cover 422 is arranged below the outlet of the discharge pipe 414, and the left side of the material receiving cover 422 is connected to a discharge pipe 423. The inner cavity of the discharge pipe 423 and the material receiving cover 422 is installed with an auger 424, and a discharge outlet 425 is opened on the left side of the bottom of the discharge pipe 423, and a spray head 426 is fixedly connected to the left side of the discharge pipe 423.

[0070] It should be noted that the X- and Y-axis moving platform 421 is composed of an X-axis electric platform and a Y-axis electric platform, and is intended to facilitate the control of the specific position of the discharge port 425;

[0071] During the experiment, dry materials need to be stored in the material storage barrel 411 to avoid affecting the material transportation process.

[0072] In this embodiment, before the experiment, the soil to be laid is poured into the storage barrel 411, and then the auger 1 415 and the auger 2 416 are operated to transport the soil to the discharge pipe 414 through the material transport pipe 413 and discharge it into the material receiving cover 422. Then the auger 3 424 is operated to discharge the soil from the discharge port 425 through the discharge pipe 423 and lay it in the perspective barrel 211. At this time, the X and Y axis moving platforms 421 are operated to continuously adjust the position of the discharge pipe 423 to evenly lay the soil, and at the same time, the spray head 426 is also connected to an external water source to spray water mist to adjust the humidity value of the soil. During the paving process, the paving operation can be paused and the transparent barrel 211 can be moved under the extrusion plate 34. Then the mechanical arm 32 adjusts the position of the extrusion plate 34, and the second electric push rod 33 pushes the extrusion plate 34 down to press the soil tightly, thereby adjusting the hardness of the soil. By repeating this step many times, soil layers with different densities can be laid to simulate a more realistic situation.

[0073] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: before conducting the experiment, the soil is poured into the storage barrel 411, and then the auger 1 415 and the auger 2 416 are operated to discharge the soil into the receiving cover 422 through the material transport pipe 413 and the discharge pipe 414, and then the auger 3 424 discharges the soil from the discharge port 425 and lays it in the perspective barrel 211. At this time, the X and Y axis moving platforms 421 operate to adjust the position of the discharge pipe 423, and lay the soil evenly. At the same time, the spray head 426 also sprays water mist to adjust the humidity value of the soil. During the laying process, the laying operation can be suspended, and the perspective barrel 211 can be moved to the bottom of the extrusion plate 34, the mechanical arm 32 adjusts the position of the extrusion plate 34, and the second electric push rod 33 pushes the extrusion plate 34 to press the soil tightly and adjust the hardness of the soil. This step is repeated many times to lay out soil layers with different densities. After completion, the second motor 124 drives the V-shaped frame 125 to rotate, so that the perspective barrel 211 moves to the moving block 113, and then the first electric push rod 114 pushes the moving block 113 to move to the annular groove 112 on the left side, and then the first motor 121 drives the X-shaped frame 122 to rotate, driving the perspective barrel 211 to move to the bottom of the drain plate 222, and the metal pipe 221 is connected to an external water pump to supply water to the drain plate 222, and the speed and intensity of the water flow of the drain plate 222 are adjusted by controlling the water pump. At the same time, the screw rod 224 can be rotated to drive the baffle 223 to move, so that the baffle 223 blocks part of the position of the outlet of the drain plate 222, thereby adjusting the size of the falling water droplets and the intensity of the water. In the experiment of simulating infiltration, the simulated rainwater will be discharged from the drain outlet 213 through the sieve plate 212. If it is necessary to simulate the situation that the bottom of the soil cannot seep water, the drain outlet 213 can be closed.

[0074] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. An unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment, characterized by: include: A main body component (10), the main body component (10) comprising a body component (11), a replacement component (12) being arranged on the top of the body component (11); A simulation component (20), the simulation component (20) comprising a storage component (21) arranged inside the exchange component (12), and a spray component (22) being arranged on the left side of the top surface of the body component (11); A pressure-applying component (30), the pressure-applying component (30) being arranged on the rear side of the top surface of the body component (11); A laying component (40), the laying component (40) comprising a material transport component (41) arranged on the right side of the top surface of the body component (11), a regulating component (42) being arranged on the top of the material transport component (41), and the regulating component (42) comprising a spray head (426); When the material transport component (41) transports the soil to the regulating component (42), the regulating component (42) spreads the soil in the storage component (21) and adjusts the moisture content of the soil, and the pressure component (30) is used to adjust the compactness of the soil; The exchange component (12) is used to move the storage component (21) on which the soil has been laid to under the spray component (22); the spray component (22) is used to simulate rainfall and adjust the size of raindrops.

2. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The body assembly (11) comprises a base (111), the top left and right sides of the base (111) are provided with annular grooves (112), a through groove is provided between two groups of the annular grooves (112), and a moving block (113) is slidably connected in the through groove, and the front and rear sides of the right side of the moving block (113) are fixedly connected with a first electric push rod (114), and the first electric push rod (114) is installed on the right side of the inner cavity of the base (111).

3. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The exchange assembly (12) comprises a first motor (121) fixedly mounted on the left side of the inner cavity of the base (111); an X-shaped frame (122) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (121); the X-shaped frame (122) is rotatably connected to the left side of the top surface of the base (111); through grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the X-shaped frame (122); and a cover plate (123) is threadedly connected to the top of the through grooves via bolts; a second motor (124) is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity of the base (111); a V-shaped frame (125) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (124); and the V-shaped frame (125) is rotatably connected to the right side of the top surface of the base (111).

4. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The storage assembly (21) comprises a perspective barrel (211) slidably connected to the inner cavity of an X-shaped frame (122); the inner cavity of the perspective barrel (211) is threadedly connected to a sieve plate (212) via bolts; a drainage port (213) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the perspective barrel (211) below the sieve plate (212); a ball bearing (214) is hingedly connected to the inner cavity at the bottom end of the perspective barrel (211); and the ball bearing (214) is rollingly connected in the annular groove (112).

5. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The spray assembly (22) comprises a metal tube (221) fixedly connected to the left side of the top surface of the base (111); the bottom of the right end of the metal tube (221) is connected to a drain plate (222); the outer ring of the drain plate (222) is slidably connected to a baffle plate (223); the bottom of the baffle plate (223) is contact-connected to the outlet of the drain plate (222); the middle part of the left side of the drain plate (222) is rotatably connected to a screw rod (224); the outer ring of the screw rod (224) is threadedly connected to the top of the left side of the baffle plate (223); and a scale bar (225) is provided in the middle part of the top surface of the drain plate (222).

6. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pressure-applying assembly (30) comprises a support (31) fixedly connected to the rear side of the top surface of the base (111); a mechanical arm (32) is mounted on the top of the support (31); a second electric push rod (33) is fixedly mounted at the end of the mechanical arm (32); and an extrusion plate (34) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod (33).

7. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The material transport component (41) comprises a material storage barrel (411) fixedly connected to the right side of the top surface of the base (111); a feed port (412) is provided at the right top of the material storage barrel (411); a material transport pipe (413) is connected to the bottom of the front side of the material storage barrel (411); a discharge pipe (414) is connected to the top of the material transport pipe (413); an auger 1 (415) is installed in the inner cavity of the material storage barrel (411); the bottom end of the auger 1 (415) extends out of the outlet of the material transport pipe (413); an auger 2 (416) is installed in the inner cavity of the material transport pipe (413); and the top end of the auger 2 (416) is arranged at the entrance of the discharge pipe (414).

8. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 7 is characterized by: The regulating component (42) further comprises an X-axis and Y-axis movable platform (421) fixedly mounted on the top of the material storage barrel (411), a material receiving cover (422) being slidably connected inside the X-axis and Y-axis movable platform (421), the material receiving cover (422) being arranged below the outlet of the material discharge pipe (414), a discharge pipe (423) being connected to the left side of the material receiving cover (422), an auger (424) being installed in the inner cavity of the discharge pipe (423) and the material receiving cover (422), a discharge outlet (425) being provided on the left side of the bottom of the discharge pipe (423), and a spray head (426) being fixedly connected to the left side of the discharge pipe (423).

9. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The X-shaped frame (122) and the V-shaped frame (125) are respectively located at the centers of the two annular grooves (112).

10. The unsaturated soil rainfall infiltration simulation test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: An arc-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the moving block (113), and the width of the arc-shaped groove is greater than the inner diameter of the annular groove (112).

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