Dimmable element, preparation method thereof and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a dimmable element, a preparation method thereof and a vehicle. The dimmable element comprises a dimming film, a second base material and a bonding layer. The dimming film comprises a dimming material layer and two first base materials, and the two first base materials are arranged on the two opposite sides of the dimming material layer in a stacked mode. The two second base materials are arranged on the two opposite sides of the dimming film respectively. The two bonding layers are located on the two opposite sides of the dimming film respectively and arranged between the first base material and the second base material. At least partial area of the second base material has an arch height, and the thicknesses of the at least one first base material and / or the at least one second base material are / is increased along with the increase of the arch height of the second base material. According to the dimmable element, the first substrate can be prevented from generating wrinkles due to the difference of deformation quantities at all positions, and the quality and the yield of the dimmable element can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical glass, and in particular to a dimmable light element, a preparation method thereof, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Dimmable glass has become a trend, and more and more vehicles will choose dimmable glass on the sunroof or side windows to adapt to different usage scenarios and improve the user experience. Among them, dimmable glass usually includes two layers of glass substrate and a dimming film arranged between the two layers of glass substrate through an adhesive layer. The dimming film usually includes two layers of flexible substrate and a dimming material layer arranged between the two layers of flexible substrate.

[0003] The dimmable glass currently used in transportation, especially the skylight glass, is usually in a three-dimensional shape with a flat center and curved edges, and the arch height of the edges is generally more than 20mm. When the dimming film is laminated between two layers of glass substrates, the flexible substrate has a certain rigidity, and the dimming film is prone to wrinkles at the location where the arch height of the glass substrate exists due to uneven deformation, which affects the quality and yield of the dimmable component. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a dimmable element and a preparation method and a vehicle thereof to address the problem that the dimming film is prone to wrinkles during the assembly process.

[0005] A dimmable light element, comprising:

[0006] A dimming film comprises a dimming material layer and two first substrates, wherein the two first substrates are stacked and arranged on two opposite sides of the dimming material layer;

[0007] Two second substrates are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dimming film;

[0008] Two adhesive layers are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film and are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0009] At least part of the second substrate has a dome, and the thickness of at least one of the first substrate and / or at least one of the second substrate increases at various locations as the dome of the second substrate increases.

[0010] The above-mentioned dimmable light element is designed so that the thickness of at least one first substrate and / or at least one second substrate at various locations increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases. As a result, during the assembly process, the first substrate located at the arch height of the second substrate is subjected to a stronger squeezing force from the second substrate and the adhesive layer, and the deformation amount of the first substrate at the arch height can be adjusted to better adapt to the arch height shape of the second substrate, thereby preventing the first substrate from generating wrinkles due to differences in deformation amounts at various locations, which is beneficial to improving the quality and yield of the dimmable light element.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thickness of at least one of the adhesive layers decreases at various locations as the dome height of the second substrate increases.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic modulus of the first substrate is less than the elastic modulus of the second substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first substrate has a first surface facing the dimming material layer and a second surface facing away from the dimming material layer, the thickness of at least one of the first substrates increases at each location as the arch height of the second substrate increases, and the distance between the second surface of the first substrate with varying thickness and the second substrate located on the same side of the dimming material layer decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

[0014] In some embodiments, the dimming film further includes a conductive layer disposed between the first substrate and the dimming material layer, the conductive layer has the same thickness at all locations, and the vertical distance between the first surface of the first substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer is the same at all locations.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first substrate with varying thickness satisfies the following conditional formula at various locations:

[0016] D1=HS*δ / 100;

[0017] Wherein, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate, in mm, δ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the first substrate, and δ is greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second substrate has a third surface facing the dimming film and a fourth surface facing away from the dimming film, the thickness of at least one of the second substrates increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate increases, and the vertical distance between the third surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the first substrate decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

[0019] In some embodiments, a vertical distance between the fourth surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer is equal at all locations.

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second substrate with varying thickness satisfies the following conditional formula at various locations:

[0021] D2=D02+D3*HS*μ / 100;

[0022] Among them, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate, in mm, μ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the second substrate, in 1 / mm, and μ is greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0023] In some embodiments, the dimmable light element satisfies the following conditional formula at each location:

[0024] (D1-D01)+(D2-D02)<D3;

[0025] Among them, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate, in mm, D01 is the thickness of the first substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, and D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm.

[0026] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first substrate and the second substrate at various locations on at least one side of the dimming material layer increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

[0027] A vehicle comprises the dimmable light element as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0028] A method for preparing a dimmable light element, comprising:

[0029] Provided is a laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising a dimming film, two second substrates and two adhesive material layers, the dimming film comprising a dimming material layer and two first substrates stacked on opposite sides of the dimming material layer, the two second substrates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the dimming film, the two adhesive material layers are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film and are both located between the first substrate and the second substrate, at least part of the second substrate has an arch, and the thickness of at least one of the first substrates and / or at least one of the second substrates at various locations increases with the increase of the arch of the second substrate;

[0030] The glass to be laminated is subjected to a lamination process, and pressure is applied to the glass to be laminated on two opposite sides of the second substrates so that the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together through the adhesive material layer. The adhesive material layer after the lamination process forms an adhesive layer, and the thickness of at least one of the adhesive layers at various locations decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of at least one of the first substrates increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate increases. In the laminated glass, the vertical distance between two opposite surfaces of the second substrates increases as the thickness of the first substrate increases.

[0032] In some embodiments, the second substrate has a third surface facing the dimming film and a fourth surface facing away from the dimming film, the thickness of at least one of the second substrates increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate increases, and the vertical distance between the third surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer is equal at various locations, and the vertical distance between the fourth surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dimming element when the thickness of a second substrate varies in some embodiments.

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dimming element when the thickness of two second substrates varies in some embodiments.

[0035] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light-adjustable element when the thickness of a first substrate varies in some embodiments.

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming element when the thickness of the two first substrates varies in some embodiments.

[0037] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dimming element when the thickness of one of the first substrate and the second substrate varies in some embodiments.

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the dimmable element when the thickness of the two first substrates and the two second substrates vary in some embodiments.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 10. Dimmable element; 11. Dimming film; 111. Dimming material layer; 112. First substrate; 1121. First surface; 1122. Second surface; 12. Second substrate; 121. Third surface; 122. Fourth surface; 13. Adhesive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dimmable element 10 in some embodiments of the present application is shown. The dimmable element 10 provided in the present application can be used in any applicable scene such as a vehicle, a wall, an airplane, a ship, etc. The present application takes the dimmable element 10 used in a vehicle as an example. When the dimmable element 10 is used in a vehicle, the dimmable element 10 includes but is not limited to being used in any applicable position such as a skylight, a windshield, a side window, etc. of the vehicle. A dimming film 11 is provided in the dimmable element 10, and the transmittance of the dimming film 11 is adjustable to achieve different visual effects, adapt to different application scenarios, and enhance the user experience.

[0046] In some embodiments, the dimming film 11 includes a dimming material layer 111 and two first substrates 112, and the two first substrates 112 are stacked on opposite sides of the dimming material layer 111. The two first substrates 112 can serve as the base of the dimming material layer 111, provide support and protection for the dimming material layer 111, and the light transmittance of the dimming material layer 111 can change to achieve the dimming function of the dimming element 10. The dimming element 10 also includes two second substrates 12 and two adhesive layers 13, and the two second substrates 12 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the dimming film 11, and the two adhesive layers 13 are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film 11, and are both arranged between the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12. The two adhesive layers 13 can tightly bond the second substrate 12 and the first substrate 112, and the material of the adhesive layer 13 includes but is not limited to any applicable adhesive structure such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) glue. The second substrate 12 can serve as a base of the dimming film 11 to provide support and protection for the dimming film 11 .

[0047] The material of the second substrate 12 is not limited, and can be specifically designed according to the scene and requirements of the dimmable light element 10. The second substrate 12 can be a rigid material to provide effective protection and support for the dimming film 11. In this application, the dimmable light element 10 is taken as an example of dimmable glass, and the second substrate 12 can be glass, which can take into account both structural strength and light transmission performance. The material of the first substrate 112 can be a flexible substrate, which can provide support and protection for the dimming material layer 111, and can also have deformation ability to adapt to the curved arch height and other shapes of the second substrate 12, and adapt to different installation scenarios. The elastic modulus of the first substrate 112 is smaller than that of the second substrate 12. The material of the first substrate 112 includes, but is not limited to, any applicable flexible material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET is used as the first substrate 112. PET has good mechanical properties, which is beneficial to improving the impact resistance, bending strength, elastic modulus, creep resistance, fatigue resistance and surface hardness of the adjustable light element 10. It can also withstand pressure under high temperature and high pressure, and also has a certain degree of flexible deformation ability to adapt to different shapes of the second substrate 12. In some embodiments, at least part of the two second substrates 12 has an arch height. For example, the two second substrates 12 are flat in the middle and curved at the edges. The more the arch height at the edge is resolved, the greater it is. Of course, the bending arch height trend of the second substrate 12 can also be set in other ways, as long as it can meet the application scenarios and needs of transportation vehicles.

[0048] In the present application, the types of dimming films 11 include but are not limited to any applicable types of dimming elements such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) dimming elements, electrochromic dimming elements, suspended particle devices (SPD), liquid crystal (LC) dimming elements, etc., as long as the transmittance can be adjusted to achieve the dimming effect. According to different types of dimming films 11, the material of the dimming material layer 111 can also be set differently, and other layer structures can be set in the dimming film 11 to smoothly realize the corresponding dimming function. For example, in the present application, the dimming material layer 111 adopts a dimming material whose transmittance can be changed according to the change of the voltage applied to the dimming material layer 111, and the dimming film 11 can also include two conductive layers (not shown in the figure), and the two conductive layers are respectively arranged on the side of the two second substrates 12 facing the dimming material layer 111, and are located between the dimming material layer 111 and the second substrate 12. The two conductive layers are used to apply voltage to the dimming material layer 111 on opposite sides of the dimming material layer 111 , or to change the voltage applied to the dimming material layer 111 , so as to change the light transmittance of the dimming material layer 111 and realize the dimming function.

[0049] In some embodiments, an ITO layer may be first plated on one surface of the formed first substrate 112 to form a conductive layer, and then a dimming material may be coated on the conductive layer by roll-to-roll coating to form a dimming material layer 111. Then, another first substrate 112 and the conductive layer as a whole are arranged on the other side of the dimming material layer 111 to form a dimming film 11.

[0050] It should be noted that the arch height of conventional dimmable glass used in vehicles, such as skylight glass, is usually large. For example, the two layers of the second substrate are flat in the middle and curved at the edges, and the arch height at the edge is greater than 20 mm to meet the needs of the installation environment. In conventional dimmable glass, the thickness of the first substrate and the second substrate are usually equal at all locations. When the dimming film is set between the two second substrates through the adhesive layer using the lamination process, the pressure is provided on the opposite sides of the two second substrates by using an autoclave under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the force applied by the second substrate to the first substrate at all locations is roughly equal. However, due to the strength and rigidity of the first substrate itself, at the arch height of the second substrate, the first substrate is not sufficiently stressed and difficult to extend, resulting in the first substrate being prone to wrinkles during the lamination process. Moreover, since the second substrate is usually most curved at the edge, the wrinkles generated by the first substrate extend from the edge to the middle. The closer to the edge, the more obvious the wrinkles are, affecting the quality and yield of the dimmable element.

[0051] To solve the above problems, in some embodiments, the thickness of at least one first substrate 112, or at least one second substrate 12, or at least one first substrate 112 and at least one second substrate 12 at various locations increases as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. For example, when the second substrate 12 is flat in the middle and becomes more curved as it approaches the edge, the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 and / or at least one second substrate 12 gradually increases in the direction from the middle to the edge. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, it is taken as an example that the thickness of one of the second substrates 12 increases with the increase of the arch height.

[0052] The above-mentioned dimmable light element 10 is designed such that the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 and / or at least one second substrate 12 at various locations increases as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. Therefore, during the assembly process, the first substrate 112 located at the arch height of the second substrate 12 is subjected to a stronger squeezing force from the second substrate 12 and the adhesive layer 13. The larger the arch height, the stronger the squeezing force. The deformation amount of the first substrate 112 at the arch height can be adjusted to better adapt to the arch height shape of the second substrate 12, and wrinkles on the first substrate 112 due to differences in deformation amounts at various locations can be prevented, which is beneficial to improving the quality and yield of the dimmable light element 10.

[0053] Specifically, when the thickness of at least one second substrate 12 increases with the increase of the arch height, during the lamination process, the larger thickness at the arch height can better transmit the pressure to the first substrate 112, that is, the greater the arch height of the second substrate 12, the stronger the extrusion force on the first substrate 112, thereby increasing the deformation of the first substrate 112 at the arch height position, squeezing the excess part of the first substrate 112 due to the arch height toward the periphery, and effectively reducing the generation of wrinkles. When the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 increases with the increase of the arch height, during the lamination process, the greater the arch height, the greater the excess area of ​​the first substrate 112, the greater the deformation required, and the stronger the extrusion force between the adhesive layer 13 and the second substrate 12. In the case where the lateral space cannot be further extended, the excess area at the arch height can be extended longitudinally inward under the action of the extrusion force because the part close to the inner side (smaller arch height) is thinner, effectively reducing the generation of wrinkles. Of course, when the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 and at least one second substrate 12 increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, the coordination of the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 can synergistically promote the extension of the first substrate 112 at the arch height, which is also beneficial to reduce the generation of wrinkles and improve the quality and yield of the adjustable light element 10 after assembly.

[0054] Please see again Figure 1 , Figure 1Corresponding to the state of the dimming element 10 formed after lamination, in some embodiments, the first substrate 112 has a first surface 1121 and a second surface 1122 facing the dimming material layer 111, and the second substrate 12 has a third surface 121 facing the dimming film 11 and a fourth surface 122 facing away from the dimming film 11, wherein the thickness of one of the second substrates 12 increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. After lamination, the vertical distance between the third surface 121 of the second substrate 12 with a variable thickness and the second surface 1122 of the first substrate 112 decreases as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases, that is, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 bonded to the second substrate 12 with a variable thickness decreases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. In some embodiments, after lamination, the vertical distance between the fourth surface 122 of the second substrate 12 with a variable thickness and the dimming material layer 111 is equal at various locations, and the vertical distance between the two opposite surfaces of the two second substrates 12 may also be equal at various locations, so as to meet the shape and specification requirements of the dimming element 10. Of course, according to different shapes and specifications of the dimmable element 10 , the vertical distance between the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 after assembly may also have other settings, which are not specifically limited in the present application.

[0055] refer to Figure 1As shown, it can be understood that when the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 on one side of the dimming material layer 111 is constant, and the thickness of the first substrate 112 on the other side of the dimming material layer 111 is constant, and the thickness of the second substrate 12 increases with the increase of the arch height, before and after lamination, in the side where the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 with constant thickness are located, the vertical distances between the first surface 1121, the second surface 1122, the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 can be equal at all places, that is, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 on this side is equal at all places. In this application, for the sake of distinction, the state of the adhesive layer 13 before lamination is referred to as the adhesive material layer, and the adhesive material layer forms the adhesive layer 13 after lamination and curing. On the side where the second substrate 12 with variable thickness is located, before lamination, the vertical distances between the first surface 1121, the second surface 1122 and the third surface 121 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at all places, that is, the thickness of the adhesive material layer is constant at all places, and since the thickness of the second substrate 12 increases with the increase of the arch height, the vertical distance between the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height. During the lamination process, since the vertical distance between the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height, the second substrate 12 applies greater pressure to the adhesive material layer and the first substrate 112 at the position with a greater arch height, which can make the adhesive material layer at the arch height thinner, and at the same time make the first substrate 112 fully extend to reduce the generation of wrinkles. In the dimmable glass formed after lamination, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 located on this side decreases with the increase of the arch height, and the first substrate 112 is not easy to generate wrinkles, which can improve the quality and yield of the dimmable element 10.

[0056] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the thickness of the two first substrates 112 is constant at all locations, and the thickness of the two second substrates 12 increases with the increase of the arch height. Then, before lamination, the vertical distances between the first surface 1121, the second surface 1122, and the third surface 121 on both sides of the dimming material layer 111 and the dimming material layer 111 are all equal at all locations, while the vertical distance between the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height, and the thickness of the adhesive material layer is constant. After lamination, the vertical distance between the two fourth surfaces 122 is equal at all locations, the vertical distances between the two first surfaces 1121 and the two second surfaces 1122 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at all locations, and the vertical distance between the two third surfaces 121 and the dimming material layer 111 decreases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, and the thickness of the formed adhesive layer 13 decreases at all locations with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12.

[0057] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, when the thickness of at least one second substrate 12 at various locations increases with the increase of the arch height, the thickness of the second substrate 12 with varying thickness at various locations satisfies the following conditional formula:

[0058] D2=D02+D3*HS*μ / 100; (1)

[0059] Wherein, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate 12 at a certain location, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate 12 at a location where the arch height of the second substrate 12 is 0, in mm, D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 at a location where the arch height of the second substrate 12 is 0, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate 12 at that location, in mm, μ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the second substrate 12, in 1 / mm, μ is greater than 0 and less than 1, for example, it can be 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 or 0.8, etc. When the above conditional formula is met, the thickness change of the second substrate 12 can be reasonably adjusted according to the arch height, which can effectively increase the thickness of the second substrate 12 at the arch height, so as to apply greater pressure to the first substrate 112 at the arch height during the assembly process to reduce the generation of wrinkles, and it is also beneficial to avoid the thickness of the second substrate 12 being too large and affecting the size specifications of the dimmable element 10.

[0060] It should be noted that the value of μ can be determined according to the high temperature elastic modulus values ​​of the first substrate 112, the adhesive layer 13, and the second substrate 12. When the high temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112 is larger and the deformation of the first substrate 112 is more difficult, μ can take a larger value to increase the thickness of the second substrate 12 and apply greater pressure to the first substrate 112 at the arch height. On the contrary, when the high temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112 is smaller, μ can take a smaller value. The value of μ can be calculated by simulation based on the high temperature elastic modulus values ​​of the first substrate 112, the adhesive layer 13, and the second substrate 12. As long as it can reduce the generation of wrinkles during the lamination process, it is not specifically limited in this application. In some embodiments, in the above conditional formula (1), D02 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm, for example, it can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm or 4 mm, D03 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, for example, it can be 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm or 1 mm, HS is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 60 mm, for example, it can be 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm or 60 mm, etc., thereby being able to well adapt to the above conditional formula (1) and effectively reduce the generation of wrinkles.

[0061] For example, referring to the data in Table 1 below, when the thickness of the second substrate 12 at the arch height of 0 (the preset thickness of the second substrate 12) is 1.8 mm, the first substrate 112 is made of PET material, and the correction coefficient μ is taken as 0.7 through simulation, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 at the arch height of the second substrate 12 is 0 (the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13) is 0.38 mm, the thickness values ​​of the second substrate 12 at various locations in Table 1 below can be obtained by the above conditional formula (1).

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] It should be noted that the data provided in each table in this application are obtained by software simulation, and it can be understood that the thickness of the layer structure with varying thickness is different at any two positions with different arch heights, and the thickness is the same at any two positions with the same arch height. In actual production, the thickness of any multiple positions with different arch heights can be selectively taken for measurement and verification.

[0065] As shown in Table 2 below, in some other embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 at the location where the arch height of the second substrate 12 is 0 (the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13 ) is 0.76 mm. The data in Table 2 below can be obtained from the above conditional formula (1).

[0066] Table 2

[0067]

[0068] The dimmable element 10 in the embodiments shown in Table 1 and Table 2 can effectively prevent the first substrate 112 from wrinkling during the lamination process by adjusting the thickness of at least one second substrate 12 .

[0069] See also Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the thickness of one of the first substrates 112 increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. After lamination, the vertical distance between the second surface 1122 of the first substrate 112 with a thickness variation and the third surface 121 of the second substrate 12 decreases as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases, that is, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 bonded to the first substrate 112 with a thickness variation decreases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases. In some embodiments, after lamination, the vertical distances between the two third surfaces 121, the two fourth surfaces 122 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at various locations to meet the shape and specification requirements of the dimmable element 10.

[0070] It can be understood that when the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 located on one side of the dimming material layer 111 is constant, the thickness of the second substrate 12 located on the other side of the dimming material layer 111 is constant, and the thickness of the first substrate 112 increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, before and after lamination, on the side where the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 with constant thickness are located, the vertical distances between the first surface 1121, the second surface 1122, the third surface 121, and the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 can be equal at all locations, that is, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 located on this side is equal at all locations. On the side where the first substrate 112 with variable thickness is located, before lamination, the vertical distances between the first surface 1121 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at all locations, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is constant at all locations, and the vertical distances between the second surface 1122, the third surface 121, and the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increase with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12. During the assembly process, since the vertical distance between the second surface 1122 and the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, the second substrate 12 can apply greater pressure to the first substrate 112 at the arch height. At the same time, as the arch height increases, the deformation of the first substrate 112 also tends to increase, which is beneficial to the full extension of the first substrate 112 from the thicker position to the thinner position, reducing the generation of wrinkles and improving the quality and yield of the dimmable element 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the thickness of the first substrate 112 varies with the change of the arch height, a die head adapted to the thickness of each part of the first substrate 112 can be used during the extrusion molding of the first substrate 112, and the shape and size of the die head slit can be designed according to the thickness of each part of the first substrate 112, so as to form a first substrate 112 with a variable thickness after extrusion molding. In other embodiments, a first substrate 112 with a uniform thickness can be prepared first, and then a corresponding press can be designed according to the thickness variation requirement of the first substrate 112, and the thinner part with the required thickness can be pressed by hot pressing to obtain the first substrate 112 with the required thickness variation.

[0072] refer to Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the thickness of the two second substrates 12 is constant at all locations, and the thickness of the two first substrates 112 increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12. Before lamination, the distances between the two first surfaces 1121 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at all locations, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is constant at all locations, and the vertical distances between the second surface 1122, the third surface 121, and the fourth surface 122 and the dimming material layer 111 increase with the increase of the thickness of the second substrate 12. After lamination, the vertical distances between the two third surfaces 121, between the two fourth surfaces 122, between the two third surfaces 121 and the dimming material layer 111, and between the two fourth surfaces 122 and the dimming material layer 111 are equal at all locations, the vertical distance between the two second surfaces 1122 and the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, and the thickness of the formed adhesive layer 13 decreases at all locations with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12.

[0073] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, when the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 at various locations increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12, the thickness of the first substrate 112 with varying thickness at various locations satisfies the following conditional formula:

[0074] D1=HS*δ / 100; (2)

[0075] Wherein, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate 112 at a certain location, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate 12 at that location, in mm, δ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the first substrate 112, δ is greater than 0 and less than 1, for example, it can be 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 or 0.9, etc., and δ is dimensionless. When the above conditional formula is met, the thickness change of the first substrate 112 can be reasonably adjusted according to the arch height of the second substrate 12, which can effectively increase the thickness of the first substrate 112 at the arch height of the second substrate 12 to reduce the generation of wrinkles during the assembly process, and it is also beneficial to avoid the thickness of the first substrate 112 being too large to affect the size specifications of the adjustable light element 10.

[0076] It should be noted that the value of δ can be determined based on data such as the high-temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112. When the high-temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112 is smaller, δ can take a larger value to increase the difference in deformation between the position with a larger arch height and the position with a smaller arch height. When the high-temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112 is larger, δ can take a smaller value. The value of δ can be calculated by simulation based on data such as the high-temperature elastic modulus of the first substrate 112. As long as it can reduce the generation of wrinkles during the lamination process, it is not specifically limited in this application. In some embodiments, in the above conditional formula (2), HS is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 60 mm, for example, it can be 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm or 60 mm, etc. The above conditional formula can adapt to different ranges of arch heights, effectively reduce the generation of wrinkles, and has a wide range of application.

[0077] For example, referring to the data in Table 3 below, when the first substrate 112 is made of PET material, the correction coefficient δ is taken as 0.7 through simulation. According to different arch height values ​​of the second substrate 12, the thickness value of the first substrate 112 at each arch height in Table 3 below can be obtained by the above conditional formula (2).

[0078] Table 3

[0079]

[0080] Referring to Table 4 below, in some other embodiments, if the first substrate 112 is made of PET material with a lower elastic modulus, the correction coefficient δ is taken as 0.9 through simulation, and according to different arch height values ​​of the second substrate 12, the thickness value of the first substrate 112 at each arch height in Table 4 below can be obtained by the above conditional formula (2).

[0081] Table 4

[0082]

[0083] The dimmable element 10 in the embodiments shown in Table 3 and Table 4 can effectively prevent the first substrate 112 from wrinkling during the lamination process by adjusting the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 .

[0084] It should be noted that in Figure 1-Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, only the thickness of the first substrate 112 or the second substrate 12 is adjusted. Adjusting the thickness of the first substrate 112 or the second substrate 12 can reduce the risk of wrinkles on the first substrate 112 during the lamination process. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in other embodiments, the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 can be adjusted at the same time, so that the thickness changes of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 can cooperate with each other, and in the process of laminating, the force exerted by the second substrate 12 on the first substrate 112 can be effectively increased to improve the extension of the first substrate 112, and the first substrate 112 can be effectively driven to fully extend from the direction of thicker thickness to the direction of thinner thickness, thereby achieving a good anti-wrinkle effect. For example, in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 on the same side of the dimming material layer 111 can be adjusted simultaneously. The thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 on one side of the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height, and the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 on the other side of the dimming material layer 111 is equal at all places. Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 located on different sides of the dimming material layer 111 are adjusted respectively, so that the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 located on both sides of the dimming material layer 111 increases with the increase of the arch height, as long as the generation of wrinkles can be reduced.

[0085] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the dimmable light element 10 satisfies the following conditional formula at various locations:

[0086] (D1-D01)+(D2-D02)<D3; (3)

[0087] Wherein, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate 112, in mm, D01 is the thickness of the first substrate 112 at the arch height of the second substrate 12 of 0, in mm, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate 12, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate 12 at the arch height of 0, in mm, and D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 at the arch height of the second substrate 12 of 0. When the above conditional formula is met, the thickness of the first substrate 112 and / or the second substrate 12 located on the same side of the dimming material layer 111 at the arch height relative to the sum of the thickness at the arch height of 0 will not exceed the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13, which can prevent the first substrate 112 and / or the second substrate 12 from being too thick, resulting in direct contact between the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 during the assembly process, resulting in damage to the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12, thereby facilitating the improvement of the structural reliability of the dimmable element 10.

[0088] Based on the above conditional formula (3), it can be understood that when the thickness of the first substrate 112 located on the same side of the dimming material layer 111 changes and the thickness of the second substrate 12 remains constant, the thickness of the first substrate 112 at the arch height relative to the arch height of 0 is less than the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13. When the thickness of the second substrate 12 located on the same side of the dimming material layer 111 changes and the thickness of the first substrate 112 remains constant, the thickness of the second substrate 12 at the arch height relative to the arch height of 0 is less than the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13. When the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 located on the same side of the dimming material layer 111 both change, the sum of the thickness of the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 at the arch height relative to the arch height of 0 is less than the preset thickness of the adhesive layer 13.

[0089] In the present application, the structure that can form the dimmable element 10 described in any of the above embodiments after lamination is referred to as a laminated glass, and the laminated glass can be understood as the state of the dimmable element 10 before lamination. The present application also provides a method for preparing the dimmable element 10, which is used to form the dimmable element 10 described in any of the above embodiments by laminating the laminated glass. In some embodiments, the method for preparing the dimmable element 10 includes the following steps:

[0090] Provided is a laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising a dimming film 11, two second substrates 12 and two adhesive material layers, the dimming film 11 comprising a dimming material layer 111 and two first substrates 112 stacked on opposite sides of the dimming material layer 111, the two second substrates 12 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the dimming film 11, the two adhesive material layers are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film 11 and are both located between the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12, at least part of the second substrate 12 has an arch height, and the thickness of at least one first substrate 112 and / or at least one second substrate 12 at each location increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12;

[0091] The laminated glass is subjected to a lamination process, and pressure is applied to the two opposite sides of the two second substrates 12 to make the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 12 bonded together by the adhesive material layer. The adhesive material layer after the lamination process forms an adhesive layer 13, and the thickness of at least one adhesive layer 13 at any location decreases as the arch height of the second substrate 12 increases.

[0092] Combined with the above description of the state of the dimmable element 10 before and after lamination, it can be known that there is a structural change between at least one adhesive material layer of the laminated glass and at least one adhesive layer 13 of the dimmable element 10 after lamination, the thickness of the adhesive material layer is equal everywhere, and the thickness of at least one adhesive layer 13 decreases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate 12. The specific structural differences between the laminated glass and the dimmable element 10 can be obtained from the above description of the state change of the dimmable element 10 before and after lamination, which will not be repeated here. In the dimmable element 10 prepared by the above preparation method, the first substrate 112 is fully extended at the arch height, which can effectively reduce the generation of wrinkles and improve the quality and yield of the dimmable element 10.

[0093] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0094] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A dimmable light element, characterized in that: include: A dimming film comprises a dimming material layer and two first substrates, wherein the two first substrates are stacked and arranged on two opposite sides of the dimming material layer; Two second substrates are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dimming film; Two adhesive layers are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film and are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; At least part of the second substrate has a dome, and the thickness of at least one of the first substrate and / or at least one of the second substrate increases at various locations as the dome of the second substrate increases.

2. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of at least one of the adhesive layers decreases at various locations as the height of the second substrate increases.

3. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic modulus of the first substrate is smaller than the elastic modulus of the second substrate.

4. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate has a first surface facing the dimming material layer and a second surface facing away from the dimming material layer. The thickness of at least one of the first substrates at each location increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases, and the distance between the second surface of the first substrate with varying thickness and the second substrate located on the same side of the dimming material layer decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

5. The dimmable light element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the first substrate with varying thickness satisfies the following conditional formula at various locations: D1=HS*δ / 100; Wherein, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate, in mm, δ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the first substrate, and δ is greater than 0 and less than 1.

6. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second substrate has a third surface facing the dimming film and a fourth surface facing away from the dimming film. The thickness of at least one of the second substrates increases at each location as the arch height of the second substrate increases, and the vertical distance between the third surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the first substrate decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

7. The dimmable light element according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the fourth surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer is equal at all locations.

8. The dimmable light element according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the second substrate with varying thickness satisfies the following conditional formula at various locations: D2=D02+D3*HS*μ / 100; Among them, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, HS is the arch height of the second substrate, in mm, μ is the correction coefficient of the thickness of the second substrate, in 1 / mm, and μ is greater than 0 and less than 1.

9. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimmable light element satisfies the following conditional formula at each location: (D1-D01)+(D2-D02)<D3; Among them, D1 is the thickness of the first substrate, in mm, D01 is the thickness of the first substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, D2 is the thickness of the second substrate, in mm, D02 is the thickness of the second substrate at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm, and D3 is the thickness of the adhesive layer at the point where the arch height of the second substrate is 0, in mm.

10. The dimmable light element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first substrate and the second substrate at various locations located on at least one side of the dimming material layer increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

11. A means of transport, characterized in that: The device comprises a dimmable light element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A method for preparing a dimmable light element, characterized in that: include: Provided is a laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising a dimming film, two second substrates and two adhesive material layers, the dimming film comprising a dimming material layer and two first substrates stacked on opposite sides of the dimming material layer, the two second substrates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the dimming film, the two adhesive material layers are respectively located on opposite sides of the dimming film and are both located between the first substrate and the second substrate, at least part of the second substrate has an arch, and the thickness of at least one of the first substrates and / or at least one of the second substrates at various locations increases with the increase of the arch of the second substrate; The glass to be laminated is subjected to a lamination process, and pressure is applied to the glass to be laminated on two opposite sides of the second substrates so that the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together through the adhesive material layer. The adhesive material layer after the lamination process forms an adhesive layer, and the thickness of at least one of the adhesive layers at various locations decreases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

13. The method for preparing a dimmable light element according to claim 12, characterized in that: The thickness of at least one of the first substrates at various locations increases with the increase of the arch height of the second substrate. In the laminated glass, the vertical distance between two opposite surfaces of the two second substrates increases with the increase of the thickness of the first substrate.

14. The method for preparing a dimmable light element according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second substrate has a third surface facing the dimming film and a fourth surface facing away from the dimming film. The thickness of at least one of the second substrates increases at various locations as the arch height of the second substrate increases. The vertical distance between the third surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer is equal at various locations. The vertical distance between the fourth surface of the second substrate with varying thickness and the dimming material layer increases as the arch height of the second substrate increases.

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