A photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method and system, wherein the system includes a data acquisition unit and a photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit, the data acquisition unit collects photovoltaic panel temperature, solar radiation intensity, photovoltaic panel real-time output power and photovoltaic panel working surface image information; the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit calculates the photovoltaic pollution loss caused by photovoltaic panel pollution; the data acquisition unit is in communication connection with the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit. The present invention introduces the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by photovoltaic panel panel temperature into the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation, calculates the accumulated grayscale of the photovoltaic panel using the photovoltaic panel working surface image information, and considers the influence of atmospheric particulate matter concentration, air humidity and atmospheric total volatile organic matter concentration on the accumulated grayscale, so that the prediction of photovoltaic pollution loss is more accurate, and the timing selection of decontamination of photovoltaic panels is more reasonable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic pollution loss estimation, and in particular to a photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method and system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation, as a clean energy source, has been valued by various countries and has been vigorously promoted and developed. However, with the promotion and use of photovoltaic power generation, people have found that the power generation efficiency will be significantly reduced after the working surface of the photovoltaic panel is contaminated, so it is necessary to carry out surface decontamination treatment on the photovoltaic panel.

[0003] However, after comprehensively considering the corresponding relationship between decontamination costs and increased power generation efficiency, existing technology will decontaminate photovoltaic panels after the photovoltaic pollution loss reaches a threshold. In order to determine whether the photovoltaic pollution loss has reached the threshold, researchers use a large model to study and analyze the historical data of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency and the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel working area, so as to use the real-time power generation efficiency (real-time output power) of the photovoltaic panel and the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel working area to predict the degree of pollution on the photovoltaic panel working surface, thereby determining the timing of decontamination of the photovoltaic panel so that photovoltaic power generation can obtain the maximum benefit.

[0004] However, factors that actually affect the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation (real-time output power) include photovoltaic panel temperature, etc. Therefore, how to comprehensively consider the impact of these factors in the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses is an important direction that needs to be paid attention to at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method and system, which introduces the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the temperature of the photovoltaic panel into the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation, so that the prediction of photovoltaic pollution loss is more accurate and the timing of decontamination of the photovoltaic panel is more reasonable.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S100) Data collection: Collecting the photovoltaic panel temperature T, solar radiation intensity G, photovoltaic panel real-time output power P and photovoltaic panel working surface image information;

[0008] S200) uses the following formula to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P 污损 Make an estimate:

[0009] ;

[0010] Where P 净板P is the output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions; 温损 is the power loss of the clean photovoltaic panel at the panel temperature T, P 温损 Calculated by the following formula:

[0011] ;

[0012] Where, γ1 is the temperature influence coefficient of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is higher than or equal to 25°C, and its value range is [0.4, 0.5]; P 净板1 is the output power of the clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 25°C; γ2 is the temperature influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is less than 25°C, with a value range of [0.3, 0.4); P 净板2 It is the output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 15°C.

[0013] The standard environmental conditions are: the air quality is AM1.5 and the solar radiation intensity is 1000W / m 2 , air humidity is less than or equal to 10%, PM2.5 is less than or equal to 10μg / m 3 , PM10 is less than or equal to 15μg / m 3 .

[0014] In the above photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, in step S200), P is calculated. 温损 When P 温损 To make a correction:

[0015] S201) calculating the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the photovoltaic panel working surface image information collected in step S100);

[0016] S202) The grayscale SR calculated in step S201) and the solar irradiance G collected in step S100) are used to calculate P by the following formula: 温损 The correction factor δ for correction is:

[0017] ;

[0018] Where, e is a natural constant; G0 is 1000W / m 2 ;

[0019] S203) Calculate the corrected P using the following formula 温损-校正 :

[0020] .

[0021] In the above-mentioned photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, in step S201), when calculating the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the photovoltaic panel working surface image information collected in step S100), a photo of a clean photovoltaic panel in a dust-free environment and a photo of a clean photovoltaic panel in a photovoltaic panel working environment are compared with each other for the same features to obtain the influence factor λ of atmospheric particulate matter on the accumulated grayscale SR, and then the accumulated grayscale SR is corrected using the influence factor λ.

[0022] In the above photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, when the impact factor λ is used to correct the cumulative grayscale SR, the corrected cumulative grayscale is calculated by the following formula: :

[0023] ;

[0024] Where k is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [2.3,3.4]. The influencing factor λ is calculated by the following formula:

[0025] ;

[0026] Where n is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [1.4, 1.8]; S1 is the area occupied by the noise generated by atmospheric particles on the working surface of a clean photovoltaic panel, and S2 is the image area of ​​a clean photovoltaic panel in a photo taken in a dust-free environment.

[0027] In the above photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, the adjustment strategy of k is:

[0028] a) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 30%, the value range of k is [2.3, 2.6];

[0029] b) When the air humidity is greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%, the value range of k is (2.6, 2.9]);

[0030] c) When the air humidity is greater than 50%, the value range of k is (2.9, 3.4].

[0031] In the above photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, the adjustment strategy of n is:

[0032] I) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 20%, the value range of n is [1.4,1.5];

[0033] II) When the air humidity is greater than 20% and less than or equal to 55%, the value range of n is (1.5,1.7];

[0034] III) When the air humidity is greater than 55%, the value range of n is (1.7, 1.8].

[0035] The above photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, when the total volatile organic compound concentration in the atmosphere is greater than or equal to 8.5×10 -9 V / V, the range of γ1 is [0.46, 0.5], and the range of γ2 is [0.37, 0.4]; when the total volatile organic compound concentration in the atmosphere is less than 8.5×10 -9 When V / V, the value range of γ1 is [0.4, 0.46), and the value range of γ2 is [0.3, 0.37).

[0036] A system for estimating photovoltaic pollution losses using the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method comprises:

[0037] The data acquisition unit is used to collect the photovoltaic panel temperature T, solar radiation intensity G, photovoltaic panel real-time output power P, photovoltaic panel working surface image information, atmospheric particulate matter concentration, air humidity and atmospheric total volatile organic compound concentration;

[0038] Photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit, used to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P caused by photovoltaic panel pollution 污损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit includes a temperature loss calculation module and a photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module. The temperature loss calculation module is used to calculate the power loss P generated by the photovoltaic panel when the panel temperature is T. 温损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module is used to calculate the output power P of the clean photovoltaic panel under standard environmental conditions. 净板 , P 温损 and P calculates P 污损 ;

[0039] The data acquisition unit is communicatively connected with the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit.

[0040] In the above system, the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit also includes a grayscale SR calculation module and a P 温损 The correction module and the grayscale SR calculation module are used to calculate the grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface; 温损 The correction module includes a correction coefficient δ calculation submodule and a P 温损 The correction submodule, the correction coefficient δ calculation submodule is used to calculate the correction coefficient δ using the accumulated grayscale SR and the solar irradiance G, P 温损 The correction submodule uses the correction coefficient δ to adjust P 温损 Perform numerical correction; 温损 When the correction is performed, the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module uses P 净板 , P 温损-校正 and P calculates P 污损 .

[0041] In the above system, the accumulated grayscale SR calculation module includes an influence factor λ calculation submodule and an accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule. The influence factor λ calculation submodule is used to use photos of clean photovoltaic panels in a dust-free environment and photos of clean photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic panel working environment to perform the same feature comparison to obtain the influence factor λ of atmospheric particulate matter on the accumulated grayscale SR. The accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule uses the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface to calculate the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel and uses the influence factor λ to perform numerical correction on the accumulated grayscale SR.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0043] 1. The method of the present invention estimates the photovoltaic pollution loss by introducing the photovoltaic power generation loss caused by the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, further removing the interference factors of the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation, making the prediction of the pollution degree of the photovoltaic panel more accurate, thereby further reducing the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic panel and improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0044] 2. The method of the present invention introduces the influence of accumulated dust on the photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency loss (power loss) caused by the panel temperature of the photovoltaic panel, and also introduces the influence of atmospheric particulate matter concentration, air humidity and atmospheric total volatile organic compound concentration on accumulated dust, thereby making the calculation of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency loss (power loss) caused by the panel temperature of the photovoltaic panel more accurate, and also making the estimation of photovoltaic pollution loss more accurate, thereby making the prediction of the pollution degree of the photovoltaic panel more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a working principle diagram of the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation system of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Flow chart of photovoltaic pollution loss estimation for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation system includes a data acquisition unit and a photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit, and the data acquisition unit is communicatively connected with the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit.

[0049] The data acquisition unit is used to collect the panel temperature T of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation intensity G, the real-time output power P of the photovoltaic panel, the image information of the working surface of the photovoltaic panel, the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter, the air humidity and the concentration of total volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere; the data acquisition unit includes a temperature meter, an irradiator, a photovoltaic panel output power sensor, a high-definition camera, an air humidity meter, an atmospheric particulate matter online analyzer and a TVOC online monitoring system; the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit is used to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P caused by the pollution of the photovoltaic panel 污损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit includes a temperature loss calculation module and a photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module. The temperature loss calculation module is used to calculate the power loss P generated by the photovoltaic panel when the panel temperature is T. 温损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module is used to calculate the output power P of the clean photovoltaic panel under standard environmental conditions. 净板 , P 温损 and P calculates P 污损 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit also includes a grayscale SR calculation module and a P 温损 The correction module and the grayscale SR calculation module are used to calculate the grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface; 温损 The correction module includes a correction coefficient δ calculation submodule and a P 温损 The correction submodule, the correction coefficient δ calculation submodule is used to calculate the correction coefficient δ using the accumulated grayscale SR and the solar irradiance G, P 温损 The correction submodule uses the correction coefficient δ to adjust P 温损 Perform numerical correction; 温损 When the correction is performed, the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module uses P 净板 , P 温损-校正 and P calculates P 污损 The accumulated grayscale SR calculation module includes an influence factor λ calculation submodule and an accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule. The influence factor λ calculation submodule is used to compare the same features using photos of clean photovoltaic panels in a dust-free environment and photos of clean photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic panel working environment to obtain the influence factor λ of atmospheric particulate matter on the accumulated grayscale SR. The accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule uses the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface to calculate the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel, and uses the influence factor λ to perform numerical correction on the accumulated grayscale SR.

[0051] When the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation system of the present invention is used to estimate the photovoltaic pollution loss, the estimation of the photovoltaic pollution loss is completed through the following steps:

[0052] S100) Data collection: Collecting the temperature T of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation intensity G, the real-time output power P of the photovoltaic panel, and the image information of the working surface of the photovoltaic panel;

[0053] S200) uses the following formula to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P 污损 Make an estimate:

[0054] ;

[0055] Where P 净板 P is the output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions; 温损 is the power loss of the clean photovoltaic panel at the panel temperature T, P 温损 Calculated by the following formula:

[0056] ;

[0057] Where, γ1 is the temperature influence coefficient of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is higher than or equal to 25°C, and its value range is [0.4, 0.5]; P 净板1 is the output power of the clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 25°C; γ2 is the temperature influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is less than 25°C, with a value range of [0.3, 0.4); P 净板2 It is the output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 15°C.

[0058] When a certain amount of dust accumulates on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel decreases, and the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic panel increases, which in turn causes the temperature of the photovoltaic panel to rise. At the same time, the dust itself will also have a higher temperature due to slow heat dissipation. These factors will affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and cause the output power of the photovoltaic panel to decrease. Therefore, when dust begins to accumulate on the photovoltaic panel, the effect of the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic panel should be considered. 温损 Therefore, in the present invention, P is calculated 温损 When using the correction factor δ to 温损 To make the correction, the specific steps are:

[0059] S201) calculating the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the photovoltaic panel working surface image information collected in step S100);

[0060] S202) The grayscale SR calculated in step S201) and the solar irradiance G collected in step S100) are used to calculate P by the following formula: 温损 The correction factor δ for correction is:

[0061] ;

[0062] Where, e is a natural constant; G0 is 1000W / m 2 ;

[0063] S203) Calculate the corrected P using the following formula 温损-校正 :

[0064] .

[0065] When photographing an object, the concentration of atmospheric particles will have a certain impact on the photographic results, especially when there is a large distance between the lens and the object and when the concentration of atmospheric particles exceeds a certain threshold, the atmospheric particles will leave noise on the photos taken by the lens, and these noise points will affect the calculation of the accumulated grayscale of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, when calculating the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface collected in step S100), the photos of the clean photovoltaic panel in a dust-free environment and the photos of the clean photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic panel working environment are compared with the same features to obtain the influence factor λ of the atmospheric particles on the accumulated grayscale SR, and then the accumulated grayscale SR is corrected using the influence factor λ.

[0066] When the cumulative grayscale SR is corrected using the influence factor λ, the corrected cumulative grayscale is calculated by the following formula: :

[0067] ;

[0068] Where k is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [2.3,3.4]. The influencing factor λ is calculated by the following formula:

[0069] ;

[0070] Where n is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [1.4, 1.8]; S1 is the area occupied by the noise generated by atmospheric particles on the working surface of a clean photovoltaic panel, and S2 is the image area of ​​a clean photovoltaic panel in a photo taken in a dust-free environment.

[0071] When correcting the accumulated grayscale SR, two parameters k and n are introduced to adjust according to the air humidity. The reason is that when there is water adsorbed on the atmospheric particles, the scattering effect of the atmospheric particles is more obvious, which leads to a larger noise area formed by the atmospheric particles on the photos taken by the lens. Therefore, when correcting the accumulated grayscale SR, k and n should be adjusted according to the air humidity. The specific adjustment strategies are:

[0072] (1) The adjustment strategy of k is:

[0073] a) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 30%, the value range of k is [2.3, 2.6];

[0074] b) When the air humidity is greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%, the value range of k is (2.6, 2.9]);

[0075] c) When the air humidity is greater than 50%, the value range of k is (2.9, 3.4];

[0076] (2) The adjustment strategy of n is:

[0077] I) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 20%, the value range of n is [1.4, 1.5];

[0078] II) When the air humidity is greater than 20% and less than or equal to 55%, the value range of n is (1.5,1.7];

[0079] III) When the air humidity is greater than 55%, the value range of n is (1.7, 1.8].

[0080] Considering that the total volatile organic matter in the atmosphere will adhere to the dust particles and adhere to the photovoltaic panel, and the organic matter formed after the oxidation of the total volatile organic matter in the atmosphere will form a film layer on the photovoltaic panel, this film layer will have a certain impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and the specific impact is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, when the concentration of the total volatile organic matter in the atmosphere is large, it will also have a certain impact on the natural heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel. In order to reduce this impact, in the present invention, when the concentration of the total volatile organic matter in the atmosphere is greater than or equal to 8.5×10 -9 V / V, the range of γ1 is [0.46, 0.5], and the range of γ2 is [0.37, 0.4]; when the total volatile organic compound concentration in the atmosphere is less than 8.5×10 -9 When V / V, the value range of γ1 is [0.4, 0.46), and the value range of γ2 is [0.3, 0.37).

[0081] Specifically for a photovoltaic power plant in a certain area, the process of estimating the photovoltaic pollution loss of the photovoltaic power plant is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, first collect relevant data, then determine the correction formula used to calculate the grayscale SR of the working area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the influencing factor λ and the cumulative grayscale SR at the same time. Then, according to the correction formula used to calculate the grayscale SR of the working area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, correct the cumulative grayscale SR to obtain the corrected cumulative grayscale , then calculate the correction coefficient δ, and then calculate P according to the panel temperature 温损 The formula used to calculate P 温损 Then use the correction factor δ to perform P 温损Correction, and finally according to the real-time output power of the photovoltaic panel, P 温损-校正 and P 净板 Calculate photovoltaic pollution losses.

[0082] This processing flow fully considers the mutual influence relationship between different factors, and uses the transmission of direct relationships to reflect the influence of indirect relationships. Specifically, the present invention takes into account the direct and indirect relationships between different influencing factors, so that the influence of different factors on the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses forms a transmission, rather than directly reflecting the influence of factors that are indirectly related to the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses on the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses in the calculation formula of photovoltaic pollution losses, thereby avoiding over-evaluation of the influence of this factor on the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses. It is specifically reflected in the influence of atmospheric particulate matter concentration, air humidity and atmospheric total volatile organic compound concentration on the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses. These three factors have a direct impact on the calculation of the panel area grayscale of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, these three factors are introduced when evaluating the panel area grayscale of the photovoltaic panel, and then the panel area grayscale of the photovoltaic panel is calculated by the P 温损 The correction link is then passed on to the estimation of PV pollution losses.

[0083] In the study of atmospheric particulate matter, photovoltaic panels 温损 , Photovoltaic panel working area grayscale SR and photovoltaic pollution loss P 污损 When the influence of the four factors is large, the present embodiment adopts a combination of clustering algorithm and regression algorithm to analyze the relationship between the four factors. Specifically, the relationship between the particle size and concentration of atmospheric particulate matter and the true value of the grayscale SR of the working area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is studied, and the relationship between the true value of the grayscale SR of the working area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and the P 温损 The relationship between them.

[0084] Specifically, the K-means clustering algorithm is first used to perform cluster analysis on the data set containing the particle size and concentration of atmospheric particulate matter and the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particulate matter on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo, and abnormal data is screened and removed. Then, a regression algorithm is used to perform regression analysis on the relationship between the true value of the cumulative grayscale SR and the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particulate matter on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo. It is found that the relationship between the cumulative grayscale SR and the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particulate matter on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo is not a linear relationship. At the same time, with the change of atmospheric particulate matter concentration and air humidity, the relationship between the cumulative grayscale SR and the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particulate matter on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo approximately conforms to a certain nonlinear equation within a certain atmospheric particulate matter concentration range and air humidity range. Taking into account the scattering, reflection and refraction of atmospheric particulate matter on light, the present invention constructs a corrected cumulative grayscale. When calculating the formula, we first considered the power exponential processing of the clean photovoltaic panel working surface area and the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particles on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo. That is, the power exponent is set for the ratio of the clean photovoltaic panel working surface area to the total area of ​​noise points formed by atmospheric particles on the clean photovoltaic panel working surface photo, and the power calculation is performed to obtain the influence factor λ of the particle size and concentration of atmospheric particles on the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel working area, and then the influence factor λ is used to perform a correction on the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel working area including the power calculation.

[0085] After the grayscale of the photovoltaic panel working area and the photovoltaic panel P 温损 Correction processing can make the estimation of photovoltaic pollution losses more accurate, thereby effectively reducing the number of advance cleaning and delayed cleaning of photovoltaic panels, thereby reducing the photovoltaic panel maintenance costs of photovoltaic power generation companies and improving the benefits of photovoltaic power generation companies.

[0086] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method, characterized in that: The steps include: S100) Data collection: Collecting photovoltaic panel data, including: panel temperature T, solar radiation intensity G, real-time output power P of photovoltaic panels, and image information of photovoltaic panel working surface; S200) uses the following formula to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P 污损 Make an estimate: ； Where P 净板 P is the output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions; 温损 is the power loss of the clean photovoltaic panel at the panel temperature T, P 温损 Calculated by the following formula: ； Where, γ1 is the temperature influence coefficient of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is higher than or equal to 25°C, and its value range is [0.4, 0.5]; P 净板1 is the output power of the clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 25°C; γ2 is the temperature influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency when the photovoltaic panel temperature T is less than 25°C, with a value range of [0.3, 0.4); P 净板2 The output power of a clean photovoltaic panel measured under standard environmental conditions when the photovoltaic panel temperature is 15°C; Calculate P 温损 When P 温损 To make a correction: S201) using the photovoltaic panel working surface image information collected in step S100), calculating the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel, comparing the same features with the photo of the clean photovoltaic panel in a dust-free environment and the photo of the clean photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic panel working environment, and obtaining the influence factor λ of the atmospheric particulate matter on the accumulated grayscale SR, and then correcting the accumulated grayscale SR using the influence factor λ; S202) Utilize the accumulated grayscale SR calculated in step S201) and the solar irradiance G collected in step S100) to calculate the intensity of P 温损 The correction factor δ for correction is: ； Where, e is a natural constant; G0 is 1000W / m 2 ; S203) Calculate the corrected P using the following formula 温损-校正 : 。 2. The photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cumulative grayscale SR is corrected using the influence factor λ, the corrected cumulative grayscale is calculated by the following formula: : ； Where k is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [2.3,3.4]. The influencing factor λ is calculated by the following formula: ； Where n is a parameter adjusted according to air humidity, and its value range is [1.4, 1.8]; S1 is the area occupied by the noise generated by atmospheric particles on the working surface of a clean photovoltaic panel, and S2 is the image area of ​​a clean photovoltaic panel in a photo taken in a dust-free environment.

3. The photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment strategy of k is: a) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 30%, the value range of k is [2.3, 2.6]; b) When the air humidity is greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%, the value range of k is (2.6, 2.9]); c) When the air humidity is greater than 50%, the value range of k is (2.9, 3.4].

4. The photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment strategy of n is: I) When the air humidity is less than or equal to 20%, the value range of n is [1.4, 1.5]; II) When the air humidity is greater than 20% and less than or equal to 55%, the value range of n is (1.5,1.7]; III) When the air humidity is greater than 55%, the value range of n is (1.7, 1.8].

5. The photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the total volatile organic compound concentration in the atmosphere is greater than or equal to 8.5×10 -9 V / V, the range of γ1 is [0.46, 0.5], and the range of γ2 is [0.37, 0.4]; when the total volatile organic compound concentration in the atmosphere is less than 8.5×10 -9 When V / V, the value range of γ1 is [0.4, 0.46), and the value range of γ2 is [0.3, 0.37).

6. A system for estimating photovoltaic pollution losses using the photovoltaic pollution loss estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition unit is used to collect the photovoltaic panel temperature T, solar radiation intensity G, photovoltaic panel real-time output power P, photovoltaic panel working surface image information, atmospheric particulate matter concentration, air humidity and atmospheric total volatile organic compound concentration; Photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit, used to calculate the photovoltaic pollution loss P caused by photovoltaic panel pollution 污损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit includes a temperature loss calculation module and a photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module. The temperature loss calculation module is used to calculate the power loss P generated by the photovoltaic panel when the panel temperature is T. 温损 The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module is used to calculate the output power P of the clean photovoltaic panel under standard environmental conditions. 净板 , P 温损 and P calculates P 污损 ; The data acquisition unit is communicatively connected with the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The photovoltaic pollution loss calculation unit also includes the grayscale SR calculation module and the P 温损 The correction module and the grayscale SR calculation module are used to calculate the grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel using the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface; 温损 The correction module includes a correction coefficient δ calculation submodule and a P 温损 The correction submodule, the correction coefficient δ calculation submodule is used to calculate the correction coefficient δ using the accumulated grayscale SR and the solar irradiance G, P 温损 The correction submodule uses the correction coefficient δ to adjust P 温损 Perform numerical correction; 温损 When the correction is performed, the photovoltaic pollution loss calculation module uses P 净板 , P 温损-校正 and P calculates P 污损 .

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The accumulated grayscale SR calculation module includes an influence factor λ calculation submodule and an accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule. The influence factor λ calculation submodule is used to compare the same features using photos of clean photovoltaic panels in a dust-free environment and photos of clean photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic panel working environment to obtain the influence factor λ of atmospheric particulate matter on the accumulated grayscale SR. The accumulated grayscale SR calculation submodule uses the image information of the photovoltaic panel working surface to calculate the accumulated grayscale SR of the photovoltaic panel, and uses the influence factor λ to perform numerical correction on the accumulated grayscale SR.

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