A Design Method of SOFC Cogeneration System with One-key Start-stop Control Strategy

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a design method of a SOFC combined heat and power system with a one-key start-stop control strategy. The design method includes the design methods of the SOFC combined heat and power system and the start-stop control strategy of the console; the SOFC combined heat and power system includes a control module, a stack module, an anode fuel intake module, a cathode intake module, a deionized water supply module, a supplementary combustion air module, a supplementary combustion natural gas module, a protective gas module, a heat recovery module, and an electrical energy storage module; the control module includes a console, and the design method of the start-stop control strategy of the console includes a start-stop control strategy of one-key heating and one-key cooling. By installing solenoid valves and flow controllers on the gas pipelines and programming the one-key heating and one-key cooling start-stop control strategies into the console, the console comprehensively controls to achieve the one-key start and stop of the SOFC combined heat and power system, making the start and shutdown of the system more convenient and realizing the control of all fluid flows by the console.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a design method for a SOFC combined heat and power supply system with a one-key start-stop control strategy. Background Art

[0002] Since the direct use of hydrogen energy in an internal combustion engine is restricted by the Carnot cycle, resulting in relatively low efficiency. A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), as a device that directly converts the chemical energy contained in hydrogen energy into electrical energy, is more controllable and utilized more fully compared to direct combustion. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency is also higher, generally reaching more than 80%, and it is used in the form of electrical energy and heat energy.

[0003] Due to problems such as fuel residue and a large amount of heat generation during the operation of a single SOFC stack, the operation of SOFC often appears in the form of a combined heat and power supply system. However, the entire system has complex operations during startup and shutdown. Once an operation error occurs, it will lead to a decline in the performance of the SOFC stack or even direct damage, causing huge economic losses. Moreover, due to the long startup and shutdown times of the SOFC system, it is difficult for operators to ensure the timeliness of operations. Therefore, based on the above two problems, there is an urgent need for a design method for a SOFC combined heat and power supply system with a one-key start-stop control strategy to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of startup and shutdown operations when the system starts and stops. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a design method for a SOFC combined heat and power supply system with a one-key start-stop control strategy. Taking the existing power generation system as the reference system, solenoid valves and flow controllers are installed on each gas pipeline, and the one-key start and stop of the SOFC combined heat and power supply system are realized through comprehensive control by the console.

[0005] The adopted technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A design method for a SOFC combined heat and power supply system with a one-key start-stop control strategy, including the design method of the SOFC combined heat and power supply system and the start-stop control strategy of the console;

[0007] The SOFC combined heat and power supply system includes a control module, a stack module, an anode fuel intake module, a cathode intake module, a deionized water supply module, a supplementary combustion air module, a supplementary combustion natural gas module, a protective gas module, a heat recovery module, and an electrical energy storage module;

[0008] The control module includes a console. The design method of the start-stop control strategy of the console includes start-stop control strategies of one-key heating and one-key cooling. An electromagnetic valve and a pressure sensor are installed on the gas pipeline. The start-stop control strategies of one-key heating and one-key cooling are programmed into the console, and the one-key start-stop of the SOFC combined heat and power system is realized through the comprehensive control of the console.

[0009] Preferably, the stack module includes a stack, which is an anode-supported stack; the stack conducts an electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas introduced into the anode and the air introduced into the cathode, directly converts the chemical energy contained in the fuel into electric energy and heat energy, and discharges the fuel gas containing a small amount of unreacted fuel and cathode air, which enters the heat recovery module.

[0010] Preferably, the anode fuel intake module includes a desulfurizer, a mixer, a fuel preheater, a reformer, a first one-way valve, a first pressure sensor, a first flow controller, and a first electromagnetic valve. The mixer fully mixes the fuel with water vapor and then reformats it into hydrogen, which then enters the anode of the stack; the process is that the fuel passes through the desulfurizer, the mixer, and the reformer and enters the anode of the stack.

[0011] Preferably, the cathode intake module includes a first air compressor, a first air filter, a fifth one-way valve, a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth flow controller, a sixth electromagnetic valve, and a third heat exchanger; the air is preheated and compressed and then input into the cathode of the stack to ensure that the cathode inlet pressure is equal to the anode inlet pressure. The process is that the first air compressor supplies air, and the air enters the cathode of the stack after being filtered by the first air filter and the waste heat of the third heat exchanger.

[0012] Preferably, the deionized water supply module includes a deionized water tank, a water flow meter, an evaporator, a water pump, and a second electromagnetic valve. The deionized water supply module converts deionized water into water vapor to provide water vapor for the reformer. The process is that the deionized water is pumped out by the water pump, flows through the evaporator, and then enters the mixer to be mixed with natural gas.

[0013] Preferably, the supplementary combustion air module includes a second air compressor, a second air filter, a fourth one-way valve, a fourth pressure sensor, a fourth flow controller, and a fifth electromagnetic valve. The supplementary combustion air module communicates with the tail gas combustion chamber. The process is that the second air compressor extracts air and enters the tail gas combustion chamber after passing through the second air filter; the supplementary combustion natural gas module includes a sixth flow controller and a seventh electromagnetic valve, where the sixth flow controller controls the flow rate of the supplementary combustion natural gas, and the seventh electromagnetic valve controls the opening and closing of the supplementary combustion natural gas.

[0014] Preferably, the protective gas module includes a nitrogen pipeline and a hydrogen pipeline. The nitrogen pipeline includes a second one-way valve, a second pressure sensor, a second flow controller, and a third electromagnetic valve.

[0015] Preferably, the heat recovery module includes an exhaust gas combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a three-way pipe, and a tap water pipe. Water is connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively through the three-way pipe via the tap water pipe, exchanges heat with the anode exhaust gas through the first heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the cathode exhaust gas through the second heat exchanger.

[0016] Preferably, the electrical energy storage module includes a DC / AC conversion device and an electrical energy storage module; the control module receives information from the pressure sensor and the flow controller, controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, adjusts the flow rate through the flow controller, and sets the heating and cooling states of the system.

[0017] Preferably, the one-key heating start-stop control strategy includes the following steps:

[0018] (1) Input the number of cell stacks of the fuel cell into the control panel and click the heating button;

[0019] (2) Automatically start the first air compressor, open the sixth solenoid valve, open the air inlet, and slowly increase the air flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate using the fifth flow controller;

[0020] (3) Open the seventh solenoid valve, open the supplementary combustion natural gas inlet, increase the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate using the sixth flow controller, and start the ignition needle in the combustion chamber for ignition;

[0021] (4) When it is detected that the temperature of the fuel cell stack rises to T1 °C, open the third solenoid valve, open the nitrogen inlet, and slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate using the second flow controller;

[0022] (5) When it is detected that the temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches T2 °C, open the fourth solenoid valve, open the hydrogen inlet, and adjust the hydrogen flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate using the third flow controller;

[0023] (6) When it is detected that the temperature of the reformer reaches T3 °C, open the second solenoid valve to introduce deionized water, adjust the flow rate to the required value at a constant rate using the water flow meter, reduce the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate using the sixth flow controller, open the first solenoid valve, adjust the natural gas flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate using the first flow controller, and close the seventh solenoid valve after the natural gas flow rate reaches the set value;

[0024] (7) Slowly reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 using the second flow controller, close the third solenoid valve, slowly reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 using the third flow controller, and close the fourth solenoid valve;

[0025] (8) When it is detected that the upper and lower temperatures of the fuel cell stack reach T4 °C, reduce the natural gas flow rate to a fixed value using the first flow controller, open the fourth solenoid valve, introduce supplementary combustion air using the fourth flow controller, and adjust to ensure that the temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained at T4 °C, and the system heating is completed;

[0026] The one - key cooling start - stop control strategy includes the following steps:

[0027] (a)Open the seventh solenoid valve to introduce supplementary combustion natural gas, use the first flow controller to reduce the natural gas flow rate at a constant rate to 0, close the first solenoid valve, use the water flowmeter to reduce the flow rate at a constant rate to 0, close the second solenoid valve, open the fourth solenoid valve to open the hydrogen inlet, and use the third flow controller to adjust the hydrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate;

[0028] (b)When detecting that the stack temperature drops to T2 °C, open the third solenoid valve to open the nitrogen inlet, and use the second flow controller to slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate;

[0029] (c)When detecting that the stack drops to T1 °C, use the sixth flow controller to reduce the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the seventh solenoid valve, use the second flow controller to reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the third solenoid valve, use the third flow controller to reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, and close the fourth solenoid valve;

[0030] Wherein, T1 < T2 < T3 < T4.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1) The present invention improves on the basis of the original SOFC combined heat and power system, programs a new start - stop control strategy in the console, realizes the one - key automatic start - stop of the SOFC combined heat and power system, makes the start and stop of the system more convenient, and also avoids the faults or damages to the stack caused by human operation relying on the program.

[0033] 2) In the design of the present invention, all components are divided into eight modules, and then each module is specifically designed, making the system design more detailed and simple. In addition, solenoid valve control is added to each fluid module, realizing the control of all fluid flow rates by the console, and improving the convenience and timeliness of system control. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is the specific flow chart of the SOFC combined heat and power system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 is the one - key start - stop control strategy of the SOFC combined heat and power system in Embodiment 1.

[0036] In the figure, 1 - First check valve, 2 - Desulfurizer, 3 - Mixer, 4 - Reformer, 5 - Tail gas combustion chamber, 6 - Water pump, 7 - Evaporator, 8 - Second check valve, 9 - Third check valve, 10 - Second air compressor, 11 - Second air filter, 12 - Fourth check valve, 13 - First air compressor, 14 - First air filter, 15 - Fifth check valve, 16 - Third heat exchanger, 17 - Tap water pipeline switch, 18 - Three - way pipeline, 19 - First heat exchanger, 20 - Second heat exchanger, 21 - Recovery water tank, 22 - First pressure sensor, 23 - First flow controller, 24 - First solenoid valve, 25 - Water flowmeter, 26 - Second solenoid valve, 27 - Second pressure sensor, 28 - Second flow controller, 29 - Third solenoid valve, 30 - Third pressure sensor, 31 - Third flow controller, 32 - Fourth solenoid valve, 33 - Fourth pressure sensor, 34 - Fourth flow controller, 35 - Fifth solenoid valve, 36 - Fifth pressure sensor, 37 - Fifth flow controller, 38 - Sixth solenoid valve, 39 - Sixth flow controller, 40 - Seventh solenoid valve. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] The attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes. The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that "first", "second", etc. are only for convenience of description and distinction, and do not specifically refer to certain technical features.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a design method for a SOFC combined heat and power generation system with a one - key start - stop control strategy, aiming to achieve the one - key start - stop control of the SOFC combined heat and power generation system. The SOFC combined heat and power generation system is basically divided into a stack module, an anode fuel intake module, a cathode intake module, a deionized water supply module, a supplementary combustion air module, a supplementary combustion natural gas module, a protective gas module, a heat recovery module, an electrical energy storage module, and a control module.

[0040] 1) The stack module includes a stack, and its function is to promote the electrochemical reaction of the fuel gas introduced into the anode and the air introduced into the cathode, directly converting the chemical energy contained in the fuel into electrical energy and heat energy.

[0041] 2) The anode fuel intake module includes a desulfurizer 2, a mixer 3, a reformer 4, a first check valve 1, a first pressure sensor 22, a first flow controller 23, and a first solenoid valve 24. Its main function is to provide H2 and CO required for the stack reaction after reforming natural gas.

[0042] Among them, the module process is that the fuel passes through the desulfurizer 2, the mixer 3, and the reformer 4 and enters the anode of the stack.

[0043] The first solenoid valve 24 controls the opening and closing of the natural gas pipeline, the first pressure sensor 22 monitors the pressure of the inlet natural gas, and the first flow controller 23 controls the flow rate of the natural gas.

[0044] The electrical components are arranged between the natural gas inlet and the desulfurizer 2.

[0045] 3) The cathode air intake module includes a first air compressor 13, a first air filter 14, a fifth check valve 15, a fifth pressure sensor 36, a fifth flow controller 37, a sixth solenoid valve 38, and a third heat exchanger 16. Its main function is to provide the oxygen required for the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

[0046] Among them, the module process is that the first air compressor 13 provides air, and the air enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack after being filtered by the first air filter 14 and the waste heat of the third heat exchanger 16.

[0047] The fifth check valve prevents backflow, the fifth pressure sensor is responsible for monitoring the air pressure, the fifth flow controller controls the air flow rate, and the sixth solenoid valve 38 is responsible for the opening and closing of the air pipeline.

[0048] The electrical components are located between the first air filter 14 and the third heat exchanger 16.

[0049] 4) The deionized water supply module includes a deionized water tank, a water flow meter 25, an evaporator 7, a water pump 6, and a second solenoid valve 26. Its main function is to provide the water vapor required for the reaction for the reformer. Among them, the module process is that the deionized water is pumped out by the water pump 6, flows through the evaporator 7 and then enters the mixer 3 to be mixed with the natural gas.

[0050] Among them, the water flow meter 25 controls the flow rate of the water, and the second solenoid valve 26 controls the opening and closing of the water channel.

[0051] The electrical components are located between the water pump 6 and the evaporator 7.

[0052] 5) The supplementary combustion air module includes a second air compressor 10, a second air filter 11, a fourth check valve 12, a fourth pressure sensor 33, a fourth flow controller 34, and a fifth solenoid valve 35. Its main function is to provide sufficient air for the tail gas combustion chamber 5 to ensure the fuel rate and, if necessary, also adjust the temperature in the tail gas combustion chamber 5 and the reformer 4.

[0053] Among them, the module process is that the second air compressor 10 extracts air, and after passing through the second air filter 11, it enters the tail gas combustion chamber 5. The fourth pressure sensor 33 is responsible for measuring the air pressure, the fourth flow controller 34 is responsible for controlling the flow rate, and the fifth solenoid valve 35 controls the opening and closing of the supplementary combustion air pipeline.

[0054] The electrical components are located between the second air filter 11 and the tail gas combustion chamber 5.

[0055] 6) The afterburning natural gas module includes a sixth flow controller 39 and a seventh solenoid valve 40, whose function is to provide fuel for the tail gas combustion chamber 5. Among them, the sixth flow controller 39 controls the flow rate of afterburning natural gas, and the seventh solenoid valve 40 controls the opening and closing of afterburning natural gas.

[0056] The electrical components are located between the first pressure sensor 22 and the tail gas combustion chamber 5.

[0057] 7) The protective gas module includes a nitrogen pipeline and a hydrogen pipeline, which are mainly responsible for protecting the performance of the fuel cell stack during the heating and cooling process of the system. Among them, the nitrogen pipeline includes a second one-way valve 8, a second pressure sensor 27, a second flow controller 28, and a third solenoid valve 29. The second pressure sensor 27 is responsible for measuring the nitrogen pressure, the second flow controller 28 is responsible for controlling the flow rate, and the third solenoid valve 29 is responsible for the opening and closing of the nitrogen pipeline.

[0058] The electrical components are located between the second one-way valve 8 and the mixer 3.

[0059] Among them, the hydrogen pipeline includes a third one-way valve 9, a third pressure sensor 30, a third flow controller 31, and a fourth solenoid valve 32. The third pressure sensor 30 is responsible for measuring the hydrogen pressure, the third flow controller 31 is responsible for controlling the flow rate, and the fourth solenoid valve 32 is responsible for the opening and closing of the hydrogen pipeline.

[0060] The electrical components are located between the third one-way valve 9 and the mixer 3.

[0061] 8) The heat recovery module includes a first heat exchanger 19, a second heat exchanger 20, a three-way pipeline 18, a tap water pipeline, and a recovery water tank 21, whose function is to recover the heat carried in the anode and cathode tail gases and heat the water. Among them, the water is connected to the first heat exchanger 19 and the second heat exchanger 20 respectively through the three-way of the tap water pipeline, exchanges heat with the anode tail gas through the first heat exchanger 19, and exchanges heat with the cathode tail gas through the second heat exchanger 20.

[0062] 9) The electrical energy storage module includes a DC / AC conversion device and an electrical energy storage module. The DC / AC conversion device converts the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell stack into the required form, and the main function of the electrical energy storage module is to store the electrical energy generated by the system and output it stably.

[0063] 10) The control module mainly receives sensor information, controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves, adjusts the flow rate through each flow controller, and sets the heating and cooling states of the system.

[0064] The one-key start and stop of the SOFC combined heat and power generation system of the present invention specifically refers to that after the basic preparation inspection and airtightness detection of the system, the control strategy implemented by the console enables the system to automatically start to the power generation state or automatically cool down to the shutdown state. The following further explains the present invention in combination with the actual operation system results.

[0065] The actual operating parameters of a 2kW system designed by a SOFC combined heat and power system design method with a one-key start-stop control strategy are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1 Actual operating parameters of the system:

[0067] Operating parameter Specific value Operating parameter Specific value Fuel type CH4 Fuel flow rate 12 L / min Fuel inlet temperature 25℃ Stack operating temperature 740-760℃ Air flow rate 135 L / min Air temperature 25℃ Deionized water flow rate 30 ml / min Deionized water temperature 25℃ Reforming water-carbon ratio 3.11 Fuel inlet pressure 50 kPa Air inlet pressure 75 kPa Power generation current 30A Power generation power 2176.2W Power generation voltage 72.54V System startup duration 15h System shutdown duration 30h

[0068] As Figure 2 shown, the specific control strategy of this embodiment is as follows.

[0069] The one-key temperature rise start-stop control strategy includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) Input the number of stack cells into the control panel and click the temperature rise button;

[0071] (2) Automatically start the first air compressor 13, open the sixth solenoid valve 38 to open the air inlet, and use the fifth flow controller 37 to slowly increase the air flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate;

[0072] (3) Open the seventh solenoid valve 40 to open the supplementary combustion natural gas inlet, use the sixth flow controller 39 to increase the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate, and the igniter in the combustion chamber starts to ignite;

[0073] (4) When the stack temperature is detected to rise to 200°C, open the third solenoid valve 29 to open the nitrogen inlet, and use the second flow controller 28 to slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate;

[0074] (5) When the stack temperature reaches 400°C, open the fourth solenoid valve 32 to open the hydrogen inlet, and use the third flow controller 31 to adjust the hydrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate;

[0075] (6) When the temperature of the reformer 4 reaches 550°C, open the second solenoid valve 26 to introduce deionized water, use the water flowmeter 25 to adjust to the required flow rate at a constant rate, the sixth flow controller 39 reduces the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate, opens the first solenoid valve 24, uses the first flow controller 23 to adjust the natural gas flow rate at a constant rate, and closes the seventh solenoid valve 40 after the natural gas flow rate reaches the set value;

[0076] (7) Use the second flow controller 28 to reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the third solenoid valve 29, use the third flow controller 31 to reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, and close the fourth solenoid valve 32;

[0077] When the upper and lower temperatures of the stack are detected to reach 750 °C, use the first flow controller to reduce the natural gas flow rate to a fixed value, open the fourth solenoid valve 32, introduce combustion-supporting air using the fourth flow controller 34, and adjust to ensure that the stack temperature is maintained at about 750 °C, and the system heating-up is completed.

[0078] The one-key cooling start-stop control strategy includes the following steps (the following operations can be performed after closing the load and reducing the anode and cathode flow rates to the stack gas flow rate state before loading):

[0079] (a) Open the seventh solenoid valve 40 to introduce combustion-supporting natural gas, use the first flow controller 23 to reduce the natural gas flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the first solenoid valve 24, use the water flow meter 25 to reduce the flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the second solenoid valve 26, open the fourth solenoid valve 32 and the hydrogen inlet, and use the third flow controller 31 to adjust the hydrogen flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate;

[0080] (b) When the stack temperature is detected to drop to 400 °C, open the third solenoid valve 29, open the nitrogen inlet, and use the second flow controller 28 to slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate to a specified value at a constant rate;

[0081] (c) When the stack temperature drops to 200 °C, use the sixth flow controller 39 to reduce the combustion-supporting natural gas flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the seventh solenoid valve 40, use the second flow controller 28 to reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the third solenoid valve 29, use the third flow controller 31 to reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, and close the fourth solenoid valve 32.

[0082] In addition, the system is also designed with an overall power button, which is responsible for powering on and off the entire system, avoiding electrical hazards when the system is idle, and improving the safety factor.

[0083] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a SOFC combined heat and power system with a one-key start-stop control strategy, characterized in that, A design method for a SOFC combined heat and power system and a console start-stop control strategy; The SOFC combined heat and power system includes a control module, a stack module, an anode fuel intake module, a cathode intake module, a deionized water supply module, a supplementary combustion air module, a supplementary combustion natural gas module, a protective gas module, a heat recovery module, and an electrical energy storage module; The cathode intake module includes a first air compressor, a first air filter, a fifth one-way valve, a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth flow controller, a sixth solenoid valve, and a third heat exchanger; the air is preheated and compressed and then input into the cathode of the stack to ensure that the cathode inlet pressure is equal to the anode inlet pressure. The process is that the first air compressor supplies air, and the air enters the cathode of the stack after being filtered by the first air filter and the waste heat of the third heat exchanger; the supplementary combustion air module includes a second air compressor, a second air filter, a fourth one-way valve, a fourth pressure sensor, a fourth flow controller, and a fifth solenoid valve. The supplementary combustion air module communicates with the tail gas combustion chamber. The process is that the second air compressor extracts air and enters the tail gas combustion chamber after passing through the second air filter; the supplementary combustion natural gas module includes a sixth flow controller and a seventh solenoid valve, where the sixth flow controller controls the flow rate of the supplementary combustion natural gas, and the seventh solenoid valve controls the opening and closing of the supplementary combustion natural gas; The electrical energy storage module includes a DC / AC conversion device and an electrical energy storage module; the control module receives information from the pressure sensors and flow controllers, controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves, adjusts the flow rate through the flow controllers, and sets the heating and cooling states of the system; the protective gas module includes a nitrogen pipeline and a hydrogen pipeline. The nitrogen pipeline includes a second one-way valve, a second pressure sensor, a second flow controller, and a third solenoid valve; the hydrogen pipeline includes a third one-way valve, a third pressure sensor, a third flow controller, and a fourth solenoid valve; the third pressure sensor is responsible for measuring the hydrogen pressure, the third flow controller is responsible for controlling the flow rate, and the fourth solenoid valve is responsible for the opening and closing of the hydrogen pipeline; The anode fuel intake module includes a desulfurizer, a mixer, a fuel preheater, a reformer, a first one-way valve, a first pressure sensor, a first flow controller, and a first solenoid valve. The mixer fully mixes the fuel and water vapor and then reforms it into hydrogen and then enters the anode of the stack; the process is that the fuel passes through the desulfurizer, mixer, and reformer and enters the anode of the stack; The deionized water supply module includes a deionized water tank, a water flow meter, an evaporator, a water pump, and a second solenoid valve. The deionized water supply module converts deionized water into water vapor to provide water vapor for the reformer. The process is that the deionized water is pumped out by the water pump, flows through the evaporator, and then enters the mixer to mix with natural gas; The control module includes a console. The design method of the console start-stop control strategy includes a start-stop control strategy for one-key heating and one-key cooling. Solenoid valves and flow controllers are installed on the gas pipelines, and a start-stop control strategy for one-key heating and one-key cooling is programmed into the console. The one-key start and stop of the SOFC combined heat and power system is achieved through comprehensive control by the console; Among them, the one-key heating start-stop control strategy includes the following steps: (1)Input the number of battery cells of the stack into the control panel and click the heating button; (2)Automatically start the first air compressor, open the sixth solenoid valve, open the air inlet, and use the fifth flow controller to slowly increase the air flow rate at a constant rate to the specified value; (3)Open the seventh solenoid valve, open the supplementary combustion natural gas inlet, use the sixth flow controller to increase the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate at a constant rate to the specified value, and the igniter in the combustion chamber starts to ignite; (4)Detect that the stack temperature rises to T1 °C, open the third solenoid valve, open the nitrogen inlet, and use the second flow controller to slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate at a constant rate to the specified value; (5)When detecting that the stack temperature reaches T2 °C, open the fourth solenoid valve, open the hydrogen inlet, and use the third flow controller to adjust the hydrogen flow rate at a constant rate to the specified value; (6)When detecting that the reformer temperature reaches T3 °C, open the second solenoid valve to introduce deionized water, use the water flow meter to adjust the flow rate to the required value at a constant rate, the sixth flow controller reduces the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate, open the first solenoid valve, use the first flow controller to adjust the natural gas flow rate at a constant rate, and close the seventh solenoid valve after the natural gas flow rate reaches the set value; (7)Use the second flow controller to reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the third solenoid valve, use the third flow controller to reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, and close the fourth solenoid valve; (8)When detecting that the stack temperature reaches T4 °C, use the first flow controller to reduce the natural gas flow rate to a fixed value, open the fifth solenoid valve, use the fourth flow controller to introduce supplementary combustion air, and adjust to ensure that the stack temperature is maintained at T4 °C, and the system heating is completed; The one-key cooling start-stop control strategy includes the following steps: (a)Open the seventh solenoid valve to introduce supplementary combustion natural gas, use the first flow controller to reduce the natural gas flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the first solenoid valve, use the water flow meter to reduce the flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the second solenoid valve, open the fourth solenoid valve to open the hydrogen inlet, and use the third flow controller to adjust the hydrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate; (b)When detecting that the stack temperature drops to T2 °C, open the third solenoid valve to open the nitrogen inlet, and use the second flow controller to slowly increase the nitrogen flow rate to the specified value at a constant rate; (c)Detect that the stack drops to T1 °C, use the sixth flow controller to reduce the supplementary combustion natural gas flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the seventh solenoid valve, use the second flow controller to reduce the nitrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, close the third solenoid valve, use the third flow controller to reduce the hydrogen flow rate to 0 at a constant rate, and close the fourth solenoid valve; Among them, T1 < T2 < T3 < T4.

2. A design method of a SOFC combined heat and power generation system with a one-key start-stop control strategy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stack module includes a stack, which is an anode-supported stack; the stack electrochemically reacts the fuel gas introduced into the anode with the air introduced into the cathode, directly converts the chemical energy contained in the fuel into electrical energy and heat energy, and discharges the fuel gas containing a small amount of unreacted fuel and cathode air into the heat recovery module.

3. A design method for a SOFC combined heat and power generation system with a one-key start-stop control strategy according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat recovery module includes a tail gas combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a three-way pipe, and a tap water pipe; among them, water passes through the three-way pipe through the tap water pipe and is respectively connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

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