Rapid frequency response system and method for super-capacitor energy storage support power system

Abstract

The invention relates to a fast frequency response system and method for a super-capacitor energy storage support power system, and the system comprises a power management unit which is disposed at a key hub point of a power grid and is used for collecting the frequency data of the power grid in real time; the regional inertia control center is connected with the power management unit and is used for calculating the frequency change rate of the power grid according to the collected frequency data of the power grid; the upstream of the control unit is connected with the regional inertia control center through an optical fiber channel, the downstream of the control unit is connected with a super-capacitor system, and the control unit is used for receiving the frequency change rate, issued by the regional inertia control center, of the power grid and calculating needed supporting power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid; and controlling the super capacitor energy storage system to work based on the required support power. According to the invention, local frequency and frequency change rate calculation deviation can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a system and method for supporting a fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage. Background Art

[0002] As the penetration rate of new energy power generation represented by photovoltaics continues to increase, its characteristics of decentralization, weak support, low inertia and low anti-interference bring severe challenges to the new power system. The inertia level and frequency voltage support capacity of the power system have decreased, and the stability problems such as transient voltage and frequency caused by AC and DC faults have become the core issues affecting the safety and stability of the power grid in new energy-rich areas and the efficient consumption of new energy. After the low-inertia system is disturbed by the load, the frequency change rate and the maximum frequency deviation increase sharply. Before the first frequency regulation action, it is very likely to cause the operation of automatic devices such as low-frequency load reduction and high-frequency cutting, causing frequency stability accidents. Research on fast frequency response frequency regulation means before the first frequency regulation action is of great significance to maintaining the frequency stability of the low-inertia system. When the power grid is disturbed, the frequency may change rapidly, and traditional frequency regulation means often have a slow response speed and are difficult to meet the needs of fast and stable frequency.

[0003] At present, inertia assessment based on large disturbance data is the most widely used assessment method. It uses power and frequency measurement data after the disturbance occurs for calculation. The assessment accuracy is affected by factors such as the sampling point selection location, the accuracy of the measurement device, and the measurement data processing method. The uneven distribution of regional inertia will affect the propagation speed of the disturbance, and then affect the distribution of the system frequency. Therefore, the selection of frequency sampling points is crucial to the inertia assessment results. The actual power system is composed of multiple regions. The inertia sources, network structures, and topological parameters of each region are not exactly the same. Assessing the regional inertia level helps to analyze the frequency support capabilities of each region and then formulate corresponding frequency regulation strategies. However, in the existing technology, the monitoring and control of frequency is often based on on-site detection and calculation, which is prone to problems such as calculation deviation and false triggering. At the same time, it is also difficult to avoid the impact of system interference on the calculation of the frequency change rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage, which can effectively avoid calculation deviation of local frequency and frequency change rate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: to provide a supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system, including:

[0006] Power management units are deployed at key hubs of the power grid to collect frequency data of the power grid in real time;

[0007] A regional inertia control center, connected to the power management unit, for calculating the frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid;

[0008] A control unit is connected to the regional inertia control center upstream through an optical fiber channel and to the supercapacitor system downstream, and is used to receive the frequency change rate of the power grid sent by the regional inertia control center, calculate the required support power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and control the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required support power.

[0009] The key hubs of the power grid include power plant nodes, substation nodes and transmission line nodes.

[0010] The control unit comprises:

[0011] A search module, used for finding a number of local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid;

[0012] A screening module, used for screening out a maximum frequency change rate from the plurality of local frequency change rates;

[0013] A calculation module is used to calculate the required supporting power according to the maximum frequency change rate.

[0014] The calculation module uses ΔP L =-2H s ' ys f m ' ax Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L is the required supporting power, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

[0015] The control unit also includes:

[0016] A power calculation module, used to calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power;

[0017] A power judgment module, used to judge whether the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power;

[0018] A first execution module, configured to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not less than the maximum release power;

[0019] A second execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorption power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not greater than the maximum absorption power;

[0020] The third execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power.

[0021] The power calculation module is based on P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP rec Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, where P S ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is negative, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged, λ is the frequency modulation coefficient, ΔP L is the required supporting power, P rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0022] The control unit also includes:

[0023] A charge state judgment module is used to judge whether the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state;

[0024] The stop control module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to stop working when the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state.

[0025] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: to provide a method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage, comprising:

[0026] Collect frequency data of the power grid in real time at key hubs of the power grid;

[0027] The regional inertia control center calculates the frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid;

[0028] The required supporting power is calculated based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to operate with the required supporting power.

[0029] The key hubs of the power grid include power plant nodes, substation nodes and transmission line nodes.

[0030] The calculation of the required supporting power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid specifically includes:

[0031] Finding a number of local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid;

[0032] Filtering out a maximum frequency change rate from the plurality of local frequency change rates;

[0033] The required supporting power is calculated according to the maximum frequency change rate.

[0034] When calculating the required supporting power according to the maximum frequency change rate, ΔP is used L =-2H′ sys f′ max Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L is the required supporting power, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

[0035] The controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required supporting power specifically includes:

[0036] Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power;

[0037] Determine whether the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power;

[0038] If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not less than the maximum release power, controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power;

[0039] If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not greater than the maximum absorbed power, controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorbed power;

[0040] If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0041] When calculating the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power, P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP recCalculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, where P S ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is negative, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged, λ is the frequency modulation coefficient, ΔP L is the required supporting power, P rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0042] The controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required supporting power further includes:

[0043] Determine whether the state of charge of the supercapacitor energy storage system is between the minimum state of charge and the maximum state of charge;

[0044] If the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to stop working.

[0045] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned method of supercapacitor energy storage supporting rapid frequency response of power system when executing the computer program.

[0046] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: providing a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response method are implemented.

[0047] Beneficial Effects

[0048] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: the present invention centrally calculates the system frequency and frequency change rate through the regional inertia control center, which can effectively avoid the local frequency and frequency change rate calculation deviation and the false triggering of the frequency support response action under the condition of power grid disturbance. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the system interference when the frequency change rate is calculated locally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a graph of the relationship between frequency change and system inertia;

[0050] Figure 2It is a flow chart of a method for supporting fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of a fast frequency response system of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to a second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0053] Inertia in the power system refers to the ability to hinder the change in the rotor speed of the synchronous unit, and its size is measured by inertia. When the system fails, the low-inertia system has weak inertia support ability, the system frequency stability problem is prominent, and frequency regulation is more difficult than that of the high-inertia system. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, f nadir,L and f nadir,H are the lowest frequency point and the highest frequency point respectively; t nadir,L and t nadir,H They are the time when the frequency is at the lowest point and the time when the frequency is at the highest point. At t = 10s (point A), when the system is disturbed by the same load, the frequency change rate of the low inertia system is greater than that of the high inertia system. Compared with point B and point B', the frequency drop of the low inertia system is greater; compared with point C and point C', the low inertia system drops to the lowest frequency point f nadir,L , the higher inertia system is lower, and the low inertia system speed regulator action to the lowest frequency time t nadir,L The higher inertia system is shorter. When the same disturbance occurs, the maximum frequency deviation of the low inertia system is larger than that of the high inertia system, and the frequency deterioration is higher. The low inertia system generated by the access of a large number of photovoltaic power stations to the receiving power grid will cause the power system frequency instability due to insufficient inertia support capacity. Inertia response can reduce the frequency change rate after load disturbance, and fast frequency response can improve the frequency recovery ability of the system. The two together slow down the frequency change in a short period of time and limit the frequency to the safety range specified by the standard.

[0054] The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage. The method collects frequency data of key hubs of the power grid in real time, uses the regional inertia control center to centrally calculate the frequency change rate of the power grid, and then sends the calculated frequency change rate of the power grid to the corresponding control units in each region. The control unit calculates the corresponding power control instructions of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and then sends them to the corresponding supercapacitor energy storage system. Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0055] Step 1: Collect the frequency data of the power grid in real time at the key hubs of the power grid. In this step, the key hubs include power plant nodes, substation nodes, and transmission line nodes. The frequency data of the power grid can be collected by the power management unit (PMU) deployed at the key hubs. It can directly collect the frequency data of the power grid, or collect the synchronized phasor data of the power grid (including voltage, current amplitude and phase information), and then calculate the frequency data of the regional power grid based on the synchronized phasor data of the power grid.

[0056] Step 2: The regional inertia control center calculates the frequency deviation and frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid. After the frequency deviation and frequency change rate of the power grid are calculated, the calculated frequency deviation and frequency change rate can be transmitted to each control unit through a fast optical fiber channel.

[0057] Step 3: The control unit receives the frequency change rate of the power grid sent by the regional inertia control center, calculates the required support power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and controls the supercapacitor energy storage system to operate at the required support power.

[0058] In this step, when calculating the required support power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, the following steps are specifically performed: first, finding several local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid; then, selecting the maximum frequency change rate from the several local frequency change rates; and finally, calculating the required support power based on the maximum frequency change rate. When calculating the required support power, ΔP L =-2H s ' ys f m ' ax Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L is the required supporting power, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

[0059] In this step, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to work at the required supporting power, specifically:

[0060] The power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is calculated based on the required support power, and the calculation method is: P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP rec ; Among them, PS ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is a negative value, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged. λ is the frequency modulation coefficient. As the system frequency and frequency change rate change dynamically, the active output of the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled. Its value range is [0,1]. rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0061] Determine the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C Is it less than the maximum release power P? d,max And greater than the maximum absorbed power P c,max , that is, to determine whether P is satisfied c,max <P S ' C <P d,max ;

[0062] If the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C Not less than the maximum release power P d,max , that is, P S ' C ≥P d,max , control the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power, that is, P S ' C =P d,max ;

[0063] If the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C Not greater than the maximum absorbed power P c,max , that is, P S ' C ≤P c,max , control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorbed power, that is, P S ' C =P c,max ;

[0064] If the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C Less than the maximum release power P d,max And greater than the maximum absorbed power P c,max, control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, that is, satisfy P c,max <P S ' C <P d,max When the supercapacitor energy storage system is calculated, the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is S ' C When charging or discharging, the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is a negative value, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged.

[0065] The supercapacitor energy storage system will continue to provide power output using the above control strategy until the system frequency returns to the dead zone or receives an instruction from the inertia control center to stop frequency support. Considering that overcharging and discharging will affect the life of the supercapacitor, the output power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is protected as follows:

[0066] Determine the state of charge of the supercapacitor energy storage system SOC Is it in the minimum state of charge r SOC,min and maximum state of charge r SOC,max Between, that is, whether it satisfies r SOC,min <r SOC <r SOC,max ;

[0067] If the state of charge of the supercapacitor energy storage system satisfies r SOC,min <r SOC <r SOC,max , control the supercapacitor energy storage system to the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system S ' C to carry out work;

[0068] If the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to stop working.

[0069] In this embodiment, the minimum state of charge r SOC,min is 10%, the maximum state of charge r SOC,max During operation, try to keep the supercapacitor SOC at the same fixed level after each frequency modulation to ensure that there is enough energy storage to cope with the next frequency modulation demand.

[0070] The present embodiment is further described below by means of a specific example.

[0071] In this embodiment, it is assumed that a photovoltaic power station in a receiving power grid encounters a large power disturbance at a certain moment, and the regional inertia control center quickly detects that the frequency deviation is -0.5Hz and the frequency change rate is -1Hz / s. Through the fast fiber optic channel, these data are accurately transmitted to the supercapacitor energy storage system. After receiving the command, the supercapacitor energy storage system responded immediately and output 5MW of power within 100 milliseconds, successfully suppressing the further decrease in frequency. After continuous power output, the system frequency recovered to the dead zone range (±0.2Hz) within 5 seconds, and the supercapacitor energy storage system stopped power output.

[0072] It is not difficult to find that the present invention can effectively avoid the calculation deviation of the local frequency and frequency change rate and the false triggering of the frequency support response action under the condition of power grid disturbance by centrally calculating the system frequency and frequency change rate through the regional inertia control center. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the system interference when the frequency change rate is calculated locally.

[0073] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a supercapacitor energy storage supporting a fast frequency response system of a power system, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0074] Power management units are deployed at key hubs of the power grid to collect frequency data of the power grid in real time;

[0075] A regional inertia control center, connected to the power management unit, for calculating the frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid;

[0076] A control unit is connected to the regional inertia control center upstream through an optical fiber channel and to the supercapacitor system downstream, and is used to receive the frequency change rate of the power grid sent by the regional inertia control center, calculate the required support power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and control the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required support power.

[0077] The key hubs of the power grid include power plant nodes, substation nodes and transmission line nodes.

[0078] The control unit comprises:

[0079] A search module, used for finding a number of local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid;

[0080] A screening module, used for screening out a maximum frequency change rate from the plurality of local frequency change rates;

[0081] A calculation module is used to calculate the required supporting power according to the maximum frequency change rate.

[0082] The calculation module uses ΔP L =-2H′sys f′ max Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L is the required supporting power, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

[0083] The control unit also includes:

[0084] A power calculation module, used to calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power;

[0085] A power judgment module, used to judge whether the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power;

[0086] A first execution module, configured to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not less than the maximum release power;

[0087] A second execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorption power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not greater than the maximum absorption power;

[0088] The third execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power.

[0089] The power calculation module is based on P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP rec Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, where P S ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is negative, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged, λ is the frequency modulation coefficient, ΔP L is the required supporting power, P rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0090] The control unit also includes:

[0091] A charge state judgment module is used to judge whether the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state;

[0092] The stop control module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to stop working when the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state.

[0093] The third embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for supporting fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage of the first embodiment when executing the computer program.

[0094] The fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for supporting fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage of the first embodiment.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0096] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0097] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction method, which is implemented in the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0098] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0099] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system, characterized in that: include: Power management units are deployed at key hubs of the power grid to collect frequency data of the power grid in real time; A regional inertia control center, connected to the power management unit, for calculating the frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid; A control unit is connected to the regional inertia control center upstream through an optical fiber channel and to the supercapacitor system downstream, and is used to receive the frequency change rate of the power grid sent by the regional inertia control center, calculate the required support power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and control the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required support power.

2. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The key hubs of the power grid include power plant nodes, substation nodes and transmission line nodes.

3. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit comprises: A search module, used for finding a number of local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid; A screening module, used for screening out a maximum frequency change rate from the plurality of local frequency change rates; A calculation module is used to calculate the required supporting power according to the maximum frequency change rate.

4. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation module uses ΔP L =-2H s ' ys f m ' ax Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L To support the power required, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

5. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes: A power calculation module, used to calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power; A power judgment module, used to judge whether the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power; A first execution module, configured to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not less than the maximum release power; A second execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorption power when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not greater than the maximum absorption power; The third execution module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system when the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power.

6. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power calculation module is based on P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP rec Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, where P S ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is negative, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged, λ is the frequency modulation coefficient, ΔP L is the required supporting power, P rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

7. The supercapacitor energy storage supporting power system fast frequency response system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control unit also includes: A charge state judgment module is used to judge whether the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state; The stop control module is used to control the supercapacitor energy storage system to stop working when the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state.

8. A method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage, characterized in that: include: Collect frequency data of the power grid in real time at key hubs of the power grid; The regional inertia control center calculates the frequency change rate of the power grid based on the collected frequency data of the power grid; The required supporting power is calculated based on the frequency change rate of the power grid, and the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to operate with the required supporting power.

9. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The key hubs of the power grid include power plant nodes, substation nodes and transmission line nodes.

10. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation of the required supporting power based on the frequency change rate of the power grid specifically includes: Finding a number of local frequency change rates from the frequency change rate of the power grid; Filtering out a maximum frequency change rate from the plurality of local frequency change rates; The required supporting power is calculated according to the maximum frequency change rate.

11. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 10, characterized in that: When calculating the required supporting power according to the maximum frequency change rate, ΔP is used L =-2H s ' ys f m ' ax Calculate the required support power, where ΔP L is the required supporting power, H s ' ys is the equivalent inertia constant of the system after adding the photovoltaic power station and supercapacitor system, f m ' ax is the maximum frequency change rate.

12. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required supporting power specifically includes: Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power; Determine whether the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power; If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not less than the maximum release power, controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to discharge at the maximum release power; If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not greater than the maximum absorbed power, controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to charge at the maximum absorbed power; If the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is less than the maximum release power and greater than the maximum absorption power, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to charge or discharge with the calculated power of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

13. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 12, characterized in that: When calculating the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the required support power, P S ' C =λΔP L +(1-λ)kP rec Calculate the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, where P S ' C is the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. When the power of the supercapacitor energy storage system P S ' C When the power P of the supercapacitor energy storage system is positive, the supercapacitor energy storage system is discharged. S ' C When it is negative, the supercapacitor energy storage system is charged, λ is the frequency modulation coefficient, ΔP L is the required supporting power, P rec is the recovery power of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and k is the recovery coefficient of the supercapacitor energy storage system.

14. The method for fast frequency response of a power system supported by supercapacitor energy storage according to claim 12, characterized in that: The controlling the supercapacitor energy storage system to work based on the required supporting power further includes: Determine whether the state of charge of the supercapacitor energy storage system is between the minimum state of charge and the maximum state of charge; If the charge state of the supercapacitor energy storage system is not between the minimum charge state and the maximum charge state, the supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to stop working.

15. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for supporting fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage are implemented as described in any one of claims 8 to 14.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for supporting fast frequency response of a power system with supercapacitor energy storage are implemented as described in any one of claims 8 to 14.

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