Dynamic excitation type ring shear apparatus

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic excitation type ring shear apparatus which comprises a pile body assembly, a vertical supporting device comprises a clamping assembly with a clamping space, an inner annular plate and an outer annular plate are vertically clamped by the clamping space, and the inner annular plate, the outer annular plate and the clamping assembly are in rolling contact. The pile body assembly can horizontally rotate in the clamping space; the upper shear box is placed on the upper surface of the annular pile body, and the lower shear box is placed on the lower surface of the annular pile body; the vertical loading device comprises a vertical downward loading assembly for applying vertical pressure to the upper shear box and a vertical upward loading assembly for applying vertical pressure to the lower shear box; and the vibration excitation device is used for applying impact force perpendicular to the vertical direction to the pile body assembly or applying vibration force to the pile body assembly. The ring shear apparatus not only can be used for carrying out a loading test of double-sided normal stress on the pile body, but also can be used for simulating the actual dynamic pile sinking process of the pile body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics detection, in particular to a dynamic excitation type ring shear instrument. Background Art

[0002] Pile foundation is a widely used foundation form for land and water structures such as buildings, bridges, ports and docks, and offshore wind power. When the pile foundation bears the vertical load of the upper pile head, a relative displacement or displacement trend occurs between the pile and the soil around the pile, which makes the friction resistance on the pile side play a role, and then gradually transfers the pile head load to the soil around the pile. It can be seen that the pile side friction resistance is an important component of the bearing capacity of a single pile. How to determine the shear properties of the interface between the pile and the soil is a key design issue and an important mechanical problem in studying the bearing capacity and settlement of pile foundations.

[0003] The dynamic excitation ring shear apparatus is a geotechnical testing equipment for determining the mechanical properties of soil under large shear displacement conditions. It is often used to detect the shear properties of the interface between piles and soil. The conventional ring shear test keeps the shear surface area of ​​the specimen unchanged during the test, and large deformation shear occurs under continuous displacement. During the test, the shear strength of the rock and soil is obtained by loading vertical pressure and torsional shear force on the annular specimen, thereby obtaining the corresponding law when the displacement changes.

[0004] Conventional dynamic excitation ring shear tester can only perform shear test on one side of the pile body, and it is under the action of continuous torsional shear force. The actual dynamic pile sinking mainly adopts two methods: impact pile sinking and vibration pile sinking. The pile body is subjected to impact force and excitation force, not continuous torsional shear force. At the same time, due to soil plugging during the sinking process, the pressure on the inner and outer walls of the pile body is not the same. Since the conventional dynamic excitation ring shear tester is difficult to simulate the actual dynamic pile sinking process, the test results of the shear properties of the interface between the pile and the soil are inaccurate.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-scale interface dynamic excitation ring shear apparatus for indoor testing of the shear characteristics of the pile-soil interface of dynamic pile driving, which is subjected to different pressures on both sides of the pile. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects of the above prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic excitation ring shear instrument to realize the loading test of the double-sided normal stress of the pile body and simulate the actual dynamic pile sinking process of the pile body.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A dynamic excitation ring shear instrument, comprising:

[0009] A pile body assembly, comprising an annular pile body, an inner annular plate and an outer annular plate, wherein the inner annular plate is connected to the inner side of the annular pile body, and the outer annular plate is connected to the outer side of the annular pile body;

[0010] The vertical support device comprises a clamping assembly having a clamping space, the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate are clamped up and down by the clamping space, and the contact between the inner annular plate, the outer annular plate and the clamping assembly is rolling contact, and the pile body assembly can rotate horizontally in the clamping space;

[0011] A shear box assembly, comprising an upper shear box and a lower shear box for placing a sample to be tested, wherein the upper shear box is placed on the upper surface of the annular pile body, and the lower shear box is placed on the lower surface of the annular pile body;

[0012] A vertical load device, comprising a vertical downward loading assembly for applying vertical pressure to the upper shear box and a vertical upward loading assembly for applying vertical pressure to the lower shear box;

[0013] The vibration excitation device is used to apply an impact force perpendicular to the vertical direction to the pile body assembly or to apply a vibration force to the pile body assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration excitation device includes an annular track, a first connecting rod and an exciter. The annular track is located at the periphery of the pile body assembly. The outer side of the annular track is connected to the vertical support device through the first connecting rod. The exciter is slidably connected to the annular track. A load plate is provided on the outer side wall of the outer annular plate. The exciter is used to apply impact force or vibration force to the load plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a force sensor is provided on the load plate, and a laser rangefinder is provided on the surface of the exciter opposite to the load plate.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an angular displacement sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the pile assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the vibration excitation device also includes a pulley and a second connecting rod, an annular groove is provided on the inner side of the annular track, one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the vibration exciter, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the pulley, and the pulley is slidably connected in the annular groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the vertical load device also includes two first vertical columns, two second vertical columns, an upper vertical displacement meter and a lower vertical displacement meter, the upper ends of the two first vertical columns are movably connected to the first cross bar, the lower ends of the two second vertical columns are movably connected to the second cross bar, the upper end of the vertical downward loading component is connected to the middle of the first cross bar, the lower end of the vertical downward loading component contacts the top of the upper shear box, the lower end of the vertical upward loading component is connected to the middle of the second cross bar, the upper end of the vertical upward loading component contacts the bottom of the lower shear box, the upper vertical displacement meter is vertically arranged and its top end is connected to the first vertical column through a first connecting plate, the lower vertical displacement meter is vertically arranged and its bottom end is connected to the second vertical column through a second connecting plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes two inner fixing parts arranged opposite to each other up and down and two outer fixing parts arranged opposite to each other up and down, the inner fixing parts are located inside the outer fixing parts, and an annular channel is enclosed between the outer side surface of the inner fixing parts and the inner side surface of the outer fixing parts, the upper and lower surfaces of the inner annular plate are clamped by the two inner fixing parts, and the upper and lower surfaces of the outer annular plate are clamped by the two outer fixing parts, and the annular pile body is located in the annular channel.

[0020] Furthermore, the two inner fixing members each have an inner annular fixing groove, and the two outer fixing members each have an outer annular fixing groove, and rolling bodies for rolling contact with the surfaces of the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate are arranged inside the inner annular fixing groove and the outer annular fixing groove.

[0021] Furthermore, the vertical support device also includes a plurality of lower support rods and a plurality of lifting vertical rods, the top of each lower support rod is connected to the bottom of the clamping assembly, and the lower end of each lifting vertical rod is connected to the top of the clamping assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a vertically arranged support shaft, a ring is provided on the top of the support shaft, a plurality of connecting rods are provided along the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of the ring, a rotating wheel is rotatably provided at one end of each connecting rod away from the ring, the inner annular plate is provided with a central through hole, the hole wall of the central through hole is provided with an annular groove, the support shaft extends to the center position of the central through hole, and the rotating wheel is rollingly connected to the annular groove.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0024] The present invention applies vertical pressure to the upper shear box through the vertical downward loading component, and applies vertical pressure to the lower shear box through the vertical upward loading component, so as to achieve the application of double-sided normal stress to the annular pile body, so as to study the changes of the pile body under the action of different normal pressures, which is beneficial to research needs. The impact force or vibration force applied to the pile body component by the excitation device can accurately simulate the stress conditions of the pile body in the impact pile sinking process or the vibration pile sinking process in reality, so as to study the changes of the pile body under the action of different impact forces and vibration forces; compared with the traditional ring shear instrument that can only perform a single-sided shear test on the pile body, the present invention cleverly uses the matching design of the pile body component and the clamping component, and uses the excitation device to apply impact force or vibration force to the pile body component, so as to cause the pile body component to rotate horizontally, so as to achieve the change of the bonding surface between the annular pile body and the soil samples in the upper and lower shear boxes at the same time, so as to achieve a double-sided annular shear test of the pile body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a dynamic excitation ring shear apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is one of the cross-sectional views of the dynamic excitation type ring shear apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the dynamic excitation type ring shear apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a vertical support device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical support device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a pile assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a pile assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an upper shear box and a lower shear box assembled on a pile body assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the assembly structure;

[0034] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a vertical load device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a vertical load device and a pile assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a support shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the runner and the inner annular plate of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Cross-sectional view of the structure;

[0039] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of an excitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.16 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration excitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] In the figure: 10, vertical support device; 11, inner fixing member; 110, inner clamping space; 12, outer fixing member; 120, outer clamping space; 13, annular channel; 14, rolling body; 15, lower support rod; 16, lifting pole; 17, lifting cross bar; 20, pile body assembly; 21, annular pile body; 22, inner annular plate; 23, outer annular plate; 24, fastening connector; 25, load plate; 26, force sensor; 27, center through hole; 28, annular groove; 30, vertical load device; 31, vertical downward loading assembly; 3 2. Vertical upward loading assembly; 33. First vertical column; 34. Second vertical column; 35. First cross bar; 36. Second cross bar; 37. Upper vertical displacement meter; 38. Lower vertical displacement meter; 39. Angular displacement sensor; 41. Support shaft; 42. Ring; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Rotating wheel; 50. Vibration device; 51. Annular track; 52. First connecting rod; 53. Vibrator; 54. Laser rangefinder; 55. Pulley; 56. Second connecting rod; 57. Annular slide; 60. Upper shear box; 70. Lower shear box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0043] The words expressing position and direction described in the present invention are all explained by taking the accompanying drawings as examples, but they can be changed as needed, and all changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1-16 As shown, a dynamic excitation ring shear instrument provided by the present invention comprises:

[0045] The pile assembly 20 includes an annular pile body 21, an inner annular plate 22 and an outer annular plate 23, wherein the inner annular plate 22 is connected to the inner side of the annular pile body 21, and the outer annular plate 23 is connected to the outer side of the annular pile body 21;

[0046] The vertical support device 10 comprises a clamping assembly having a clamping space, wherein the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23 are clamped by the clamping space, and the contact between the inner annular plate 22, the outer annular plate 23 and the clamping assembly is rolling contact, and the pile assembly 20 can rotate horizontally in the clamping space;

[0047] A shear box assembly, comprising an upper shear box 60 and a lower shear box 70 for placing a sample to be tested, wherein the upper shear box 60 is placed on the upper surface of the annular pile body 21, and the lower shear box 70 is placed on the lower surface of the annular pile body 21;

[0048] A vertical load device 30, comprising a vertical downward loading assembly 31 for applying vertical pressure to the upper shear box 60 and a vertical upward loading assembly 32 for applying vertical pressure to the lower shear box 70;

[0049] The vibration excitation device 50 is used to apply an impact force perpendicular to the vertical direction to the pile body assembly 20 or to apply a vibration force to the pile body assembly 20 .

[0050] In this embodiment, before the test, the inner annular plate 22, the outer annular plate 23 and the annular pile body 21 are first connected to form an integral structure, namely, the pile body assembly 20, and then the pile body assembly 20 is installed on the vertical support device 10, and the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23 are clamped up and down by the clamping assembly, and the annular pile body 21 is exposed outside the clamping assembly to ensure that the position of the pile body assembly 20 in the vertical direction does not change. The contact between the inner annular plate 22, the outer annular plate 23 and the clamping assembly is rolling contact, which effectively reduces the resistance to the rotation of the pile body assembly 20, minimizes the influence of irrelevant constraints on the pile body assembly 20, and improves the accuracy of the test data. Afterwards, the shear box assembly is installed: first, the soil sample is evenly compacted in the upper shear box 60 and the lower surface of the soil sample is fixed, and then the soil sample is evenly compacted in the lower shear box 70 and the upper surface of the soil sample is fixed, and then the upper shear box 60 is placed on the upper surface of the annular pile body 21, and the lower shear box 70 is placed on the lower surface of the annular pile body 21, and then the vertical downward loading assembly 31 is used to apply vertical pressure to the upper shear box 60, and the vertical upward loading assembly 32 is used to apply vertical pressure to the lower shear box 70, so as to apply double-sided normal stress to the annular pile body 21, so as to study the changes of the pile body under different normal pressures, which is beneficial to research needs. In other embodiments, the vertical upward loading assembly 32 and the vertical downward loading assembly 31 can achieve dynamic adjustment by changing the amount of applied pressure according to actual conditions.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the present invention does not give the specific forms of the vertical upward loading component 32 and the vertical downward loading component 31, but those skilled in the art will know that there are many options for implementation, such as applying vertical pressure to the shear box through an electric cylinder, or other pressure-applying means in the field, as long as it can be achieved that vertical pressure is applied to the upper shear box 60 and the lower shear box 70.

[0052] When the actual dynamic pile sinking process of the pile body is to be simulated, a certain pressure is first applied to the lower shear box 70 by the vertical upward loading component 32, and a certain pressure is applied to the upper shear box 60 by the vertical downward loading component 31 to ensure that the upper shear box 60 and the lower shear box 70 do not rotate relative to the pile body component 20. Then, an impact force perpendicular to the vertical direction is applied to the pile body component 20 by the vibration excitation device 50 ( Figure 1The direction indicated by the arrow F in the middle is the vertical direction), the pile body assembly 20 rotates horizontally under the impact force, so that the bonding surface between the annular pile body 21 and the soil samples in the upper shear box 60 and the lower shear box 70 changes, and the pile body undergoes a double-sided shear test under the impact force; when the excitation device 50 applies a vibration force to the pile body assembly 20, the pile body assembly 20 rotates horizontally under the vibration force, so that the bonding surface between the annular pile body 21 and the soil samples in the upper shear box 60 and the lower shear box 70 changes, and the pile body undergoes a double-sided shear test under the vibration force. The excitation device 50 applies an impact force or a vibration force to the annular pile body 21, thereby simulating the process of impact pile sinking or vibration pile sinking to the actual pile body assembly 20, so as to study the changes of the pile body under the action of different impact forces and vibration forces, which is beneficial to research needs. Among them, the excitation device 50 can change the magnitude of the impact force and the vibration force according to actual conditions to achieve dynamic controllable adjustment. In addition, compared with the traditional ring shear tester which can only perform single-sided shear test on the pile body, the present invention cleverly adopts the matching design of the pile body assembly 20 and the clamping assembly, and utilizes the impact force or vibration force of the exciting device 50 acting on the pile body assembly 20 to cause the pile body assembly 20 to rotate horizontally, so that the annular pile body 21 simultaneously changes the bonding surface with the soil samples in the upper shear box 60 and the lower shear box 70, thereby achieving a double-sided shear effect.

[0053] It can be understood that in order to achieve precise control of the vertical upward loading component 32, the vertical downward loading component 31 and the vibration device 50, the present invention is also provided with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the vertical upward loading component 32, the vertical downward loading component 31 and the vibration device 50, respectively. Through the controller, precise control of vertical pressure, impact force, and vibration force can be achieved, thereby realizing a stress-controllable shear test with high stability and reliability.

[0054] See also Figure 6 and 7 The annular pile body 21, the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23 of the present invention are connected into a whole through the fastening connector 24. Specifically, radial through holes are reserved at the corresponding positions of the annular pile body 21, the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23 in this embodiment. The fastening connector 24 passes through the radial through holes of the outer annular plate 23, the annular pile body 21 and the inner annular plate 22 in sequence to connect the three into a whole. The fastening connector 24 of this embodiment is preferably a bolt. Of course, in other embodiments, the fastening connector 24 can also be a screw or a pin. In addition, the thickness of the annular pile body 21 is greater than the thickness of the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23.

[0055] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9The upper shear box 60 of the present invention has an upper annular space with an opening facing downward, and the lower shear box 70 has a lower annular space with an opening facing upward. The upper annular space is filled with soil samples and compacted, and the lower annular space is filled with soil samples and compacted. The soil samples are limited by the annular space to prevent relative rotation of the soil samples, thereby ensuring the stability of the test.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, see Fig.15 and Fig.16 The vibration excitation device 50 includes an annular track 51, a first connecting rod 52 and an exciter 53. The annular track 51 is located at the periphery of the pile body assembly 20. The outer side of the annular track 51 is connected to the vertical support device 10 through the first connecting rod 52. The exciter 53 is slidably connected to the annular track 51. The outer side wall of the outer annular plate 23 is provided with a load plate 25. The exciter 53 is used to apply impact force or vibration force to the load plate 25.

[0057] In this embodiment, the load plate 25 is perpendicular to the outer side wall of the outer annular plate 23 and extends in the direction of the annular track 51, and the force-bearing surface of the load plate 25 is opposite to the vibrator 53; the vibrator 53 is slidably connected to the annular track 51, and when it is necessary to apply an impact force to the pile body assembly 20, the vibrator 53 is slid to a preset position so that the vibrator 53 and the load plate 25 are at a preset distance to simulate the high jump of the impact hammer, and then the vibrator 53 applies an impact force to the load plate 25, and under the action of the impact force, the pile body assembly 20 undergoes horizontal rotation movement to achieve a double-sided shear effect; when it is necessary to apply a vibration force to the pile body, the vibrator 53 is first slid to be in close contact with the load plate 25, so that the vibrator 53 applies a pressure to the load plate 25, and then the vibrator 53 applies a vibration force to the load plate 25, and the pile body assembly 20 undergoes horizontal rotation under the combined action of the vibration force and the pressure of the vibrator 53 to achieve a double-sided shear effect. The present invention facilitates flexible adjustment of the position between the vibration exciter 53 and the load plate 25 by slidingly installing the vibration exciter 53 on the annular track 51 to achieve different test purposes, and has high flexibility.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the present invention does not provide a specific structure of the exciter 53, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the exciter 53 may be an existing exciter 53 on the market as long as it can apply impact force or vibration force.

[0059] Preferably, two vibrators 53 are symmetrically provided on the annular track 51, and correspondingly, two load plates 25 are provided on the outer annular plate 23, each vibrator 53 corresponds to one load plate 25, and the two vibrators 53 simultaneously apply the same magnitude of impact force or vibration force to the corresponding load plates 25, so that the impact force or vibration force applied to the pile body assembly 20 is symmetrical, thereby ensuring that the pile body assembly 20 does not undergo eccentric movement.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, a force sensor 26 is provided on the load plate 25 , and a laser rangefinder 54 is provided on the surface of the exciter 53 opposite to the load plate 25 .

[0061] In this embodiment, since the impact force or vibration force generated by the exciter 53 is transmitted to the pile assembly 20 through the load plate 25, the impact force or vibration force can be detected in real time through the force sensor 26 on the load plate 25, and the test data can be flexibly adjusted to improve the convenience of the test. The laser rangefinder 54 is used to measure the vertical distance between the exciter 53 and the load plate 25, so as to correctly simulate the height jump of the impact hammer.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, see Fig.10 , and also includes an angular displacement sensor 39 for detecting the rotation angle of the pile body assembly 20. The angular displacement sensor 39 can detect the rotation angle of the pile body assembly 20 in real time, thereby improving the convenience of the test. Specifically, the angular displacement sensor 39 of the present invention is fixed to the second vertical column 34 through a bracket, and the angular displacement sensor 39 is located on the outer circumferential path of the outer annular plate 23, so as to accurately detect the rotation angle of the pile body assembly 20.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, see Fig.16 The vibration device 50 further includes a pulley 55 and a second connecting rod 56. An annular groove 57 is provided on the inner side of the annular track 51. One end of the second connecting rod 56 is connected to the vibration exciter 53, and the other end of the second connecting rod 56 is connected to the pulley 55. The pulley 55 is slidably connected in the annular groove 57. The arrangement of the pulley 55 and the annular groove 57 improves the smoothness of the movement of the vibration exciter 53 on the annular track 51, and facilitates the flexible adjustment of the position of the vibration exciter 53 on the annular track 51.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, see Fig.10 and Fig.11The vertical load device 30 also includes two first vertical columns 33, two second vertical columns 34, an upper vertical displacement meter 37 and a lower vertical displacement meter 38. The upper ends of the two first vertical columns 33 are movably connected to the first cross bar 35, and the lower ends of the two second vertical columns 34 are movably connected to the second cross bar 36. The upper end of the vertical downward loading component 31 is connected to the middle of the first cross bar 35, and the lower end of the vertical downward loading component 31 contacts the top of the upper shear box 60. The lower end of the vertical upward loading component 32 is connected to the middle of the second cross bar 36, and the upper end of the vertical upward loading component 32 contacts the bottom of the lower shear box 70. The upper vertical displacement meter 37 is vertically arranged and its top end is connected to the first vertical column 33 through a first connecting plate. The lower vertical displacement meter 38 is vertically arranged and its bottom end is connected to the second vertical column 34 through a second connecting plate.

[0065] In this embodiment, the vertical downward loading component 31 is connected to the first vertical column 33 through the first cross bar 35, and the first vertical column 33 guides the downward movement of the vertical downward loading component 31. Similarly, the vertical upward loading component 32 is connected to the second vertical column 34 through the second cross bar 36, and the second vertical column 34 guides the upward movement of the vertical upward loading component 32. The upper vertical displacement meter 37 is used to measure the vertical displacement of the upper shear box 60 after the vertical downward loading component 31 applies vertical pressure to the upper shear box 60, and the lower vertical displacement meter 38 is used to measure the vertical displacement of the lower shear box 70 after the vertical upward loading component 32 applies vertical pressure to the lower shear box 70. Preferably, two upper vertical displacement meters 37 are provided in this embodiment, and the two upper vertical displacement meters 37 are distributed at different positions of the upper shear box 60 to improve the measurement accuracy. Similarly, two lower vertical displacement meters 38 are also provided.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The clamping assembly includes two inner fixing members 11 disposed opposite to each other up and down and two outer fixing members 12 disposed opposite to each other up and down, the inner fixing member 11 is located inside the outer fixing member, and an annular channel 13 is enclosed between the outer side surface of the inner fixing member 11 and the inner side surface of the outer fixing member. The upper and lower surfaces of the inner annular plate 22 are clamped by the two inner fixing members 11, and the upper and lower surfaces of the outer annular plate 23 are clamped by the two outer fixing members 12, and the annular pile body 21 is located in the annular channel 13.

[0067] In this embodiment, an inner clamping space 110 is formed between the upper and lower end surfaces of the two inner fixing members 11, an outer clamping space 120 is formed between the upper and lower end surfaces of the two outer fixing members 12, the inner annular plate 22 is clamped by the inner clamping space 110, the outer annular plate 23 is clamped by the outer clamping space 120, and the annular pile body 21 is located in the annular channel 13. In this way, the inner fixing member 11 and the outer fixing member 12 limit the vertical displacement of the annular pile body 21.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the two inner fixing members 11 each have an inner annular fixing groove, and the two outer fixing members 12 each have an outer annular fixing groove, and rolling bodies 14 are provided inside the inner annular fixing groove and the outer annular fixing groove for rolling contact with the surfaces of the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23.

[0069] In this embodiment, since rolling bodies 14 are provided between the two inner fixing members 11 and the two outer fixing members 12, which are in rolling contact with the surfaces of the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23, the resistance to the horizontal rotation of the pile assembly 20 is effectively reduced. The rolling bodies 14 in this embodiment are preferably balls. Of course, in other embodiments, the rolling bodies 14 can also be other rolling structures, as long as the inner fixing members 11, the outer fixing members 12 and the inner annular plate 22 and the outer annular plate 23 are in rolling contact.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The vertical support device 10 also includes a plurality of lower support rods 15 and a plurality of lifting rods 16, the top of each lower support rod 15 is connected to the bottom of the clamping assembly, and the lower end of each lifting rod 16 is connected to the top of the clamping assembly.

[0071] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly is supported and fixed by the lower support rod 15. When the pile body assembly 20 is to be clamped, the top of the clamping assembly is lifted by the lifting rod 16 to place the pile body assembly 20 in the clamping space, and then the lifting rod 16 is lowered to achieve clamping and fixing; specifically, the top of the lower support rod 15 is connected to the bottom surface of the inner fixing member 11 and the outer fixing member 12 at the lower part, and the lower part of the lifting rod 16 is connected to the top surface of the inner fixing member 11 and the outer fixing member 12 at the upper part, so that the inner fixing member 11 and the outer fixing member 12 at the upper part are lifted by the lifting rod 16. More specifically, the upper ends of multiple lifting rods 16 are commonly connected to a lifting cross bar 17, and the two ends of the lifting cross bar 17 are respectively connected to two second vertical columns 34, so that multiple lifting rods 16 can be lifted up or pressed down at the same time by the lifting cross bar 17, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, see Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 , and also includes a vertically arranged support shaft 41, a collar 42 is provided on the top of the support shaft 41, a plurality of connecting rods 43 are provided on the outer periphery of the collar 42 along its circumferential direction, and a rotating wheel 44 is rotatably provided at one end of each connecting rod 43 away from the collar 42, the inner annular plate 22 is provided with a central through hole 27, and an annular groove 28 is provided on the hole wall of the central through hole 27, the support shaft 41 extends to the center position of the central through hole 27, and the rotating wheel 44 is rollingly connected with the annular groove 28.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the pile body assembly 20 is subjected to impact force or vibration force and rotates horizontally, the pile body assembly 20 rotates horizontally about the vertical axis of the support shaft 41 to ensure that the rotation axis of the pile body assembly 20 does not change; the inner annular plate 22 of the pile body assembly 20 is in rolling contact with the rotating wheel 44, reducing the friction between the pile body assembly 20 and the rotating wheel 44.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic excitation ring shear instrument, characterized in that: include: A pile body assembly (20) comprises an inner ring plate (22) and an outer ring plate (23) of an annular pile body (21), wherein the inner ring plate (22) is connected to the inner side of the annular pile body (21), and the outer ring plate (23) is connected to the outer side of the annular pile body (21); The vertical support device (10) comprises a clamping assembly having a clamping space, wherein the inner annular plate (22) and the outer annular plate (23) are clamped up and down by the clamping space, and the contact between the inner annular plate (22), the outer annular plate (23) and the clamping assembly is rolling contact, and the pile assembly (20) can rotate horizontally in the clamping space; A shear box assembly, comprising an upper shear box (60) and a lower shear box (70) for placing a sample to be tested, wherein the upper shear box (60) is placed on the upper surface of the annular pile body (21), and the lower shear box (70) is placed on the lower surface of the annular pile body (21); A vertical load device (30) comprising a vertical downward loading component (31) for applying vertical pressure to the upper shear box (60) and a vertical upward loading component (32) for applying vertical pressure to the lower shear box (70); The vibration excitation device (50) is used to apply an impact force perpendicular to the vertical direction to the pile body component (20) or to apply a vibration force to the pile body component (20).

2. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration excitation device (50) comprises an annular track (51), a first connecting rod (52) and an exciter (53); the annular track (51) is located at the periphery of the pile assembly (20); the outer side of the annular track (51) is connected to the vertical support device (10) via the first connecting rod (52); the exciter (53) is slidably connected to the annular track (51); a load plate (25) is provided on the outer side wall of the outer annular plate (23); and the exciter (53) is used to apply impact force or vibration force to the load plate (25).

3. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: A force sensor (26) is provided on the load plate (25), and a laser rangefinder (54) is provided on the surface of the exciter (53) opposite to the load plate (25).

4. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an angular displacement sensor (39) for detecting the rotation angle of the pile assembly (20).

5. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration excitation device (50) also includes a pulley (55) and a second connecting rod (56), an annular groove (57) is provided on the inner side of the annular track (51), one end of the second connecting rod (56) is connected to the vibration exciter (53), and the other end of the second connecting rod (56) is connected to the pulley (55), and the pulley (55) is slidably connected in the annular groove (57).

6. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical load device (30) further comprises two first vertical columns (33), two second vertical columns (34), an upper vertical displacement meter (37) and a lower vertical displacement meter (38); the upper ends of the two first vertical columns (33) are movably connected to a first cross bar (35); the lower ends of the two second vertical columns (34) are movably connected to a second cross bar (36); the upper end of the vertical downward loading component (31) is connected to the middle of the first cross bar (35); the vertical downward loading component (31) The lower end is in contact with the top of the upper shear box (60), the lower end of the vertical upward loading component (32) is connected to the middle of the second cross bar (36), the upper end of the vertical upward loading component (32) is in contact with the bottom of the lower shear box (70), the upper vertical displacement meter (37) is vertically arranged and its top end is connected to the first vertical column (33) through a first connecting plate, and the lower vertical displacement meter (38) is vertically arranged and its bottom end is connected to the second vertical column (34) through a second connecting plate.

7. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises two inner fixing members (11) arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts and two outer fixing members (12) arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts, wherein the inner fixing member (11) is located inside the outer fixing member, and an annular channel (13) is enclosed between the outer side surface of the inner fixing member (11) and the inner side surface of the outer fixing member, the upper and lower surfaces of the inner annular plate (22) are clamped by the two inner fixing members (11), and the upper and lower surfaces of the outer annular plate (23) are clamped by the two outer fixing members (12), and the annular pile body (21) is located in the annular channel (13).

8. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two inner fixing members (11) each have an inner annular fixing groove, and the two outer fixing members (12) each have an outer annular fixing groove. The inner annular fixing groove and the outer annular fixing groove each have a rolling body (14) inside thereof for rolling contact with the surfaces of the inner annular plate (22) and the outer annular plate (23).

9. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical support device (10) further comprises a plurality of lower support rods (15) and a plurality of lifting vertical rods (16), the top of each lower support rod (15) being connected to the bottom of the clamping assembly, and the lower end of each lifting vertical rod (16) being connected to the top of the clamping assembly.

10. The dynamic excitation ring shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vertically arranged support shaft (41), a collar (42) is provided on the top of the support shaft (41), a plurality of connecting rods (43) are provided on the outer periphery of the collar (42) along its circumferential direction, and a rotating wheel (44) is rotatably provided at one end of each connecting rod (43) away from the collar (42), the inner annular plate (22) is provided with a central through hole (27), the hole wall of the central through hole (27) is provided with an annular groove (28), the support shaft (41) extends to the center of the central through hole (27), and the rotating wheel (44) is rollingly connected to the annular groove (28).

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