Mining structure for multiple thin ore bodies and multiple mining areas and continuous mining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-thin ore body multi-mining-area mining structure and a continuous mining method. The multi-thin ore body multi-mining-area mining structure comprises a slope ramp, a segmented haulage roadway, an air return raise, filling slurry, an unmined ore body, a mining area, a filling retaining wall, a connecting channel and a staged haulage roadway. According to occurrence conditions of the ore body, the ore body is divided into a plurality of subsections in a stage, then the subsections are divided into a plurality of layers, the multiple ore bodies are divided into a plurality of mining areas in the layers in the trend of the ore body, stoping work of all the mining areas is propelled at the same time, and the working procedures of rock drilling, explosive charging, ore removal, filling and the like are sequentially carried out in the mining areas. On the basis of the collaborative mining principle, multi-section parallel operation is implemented in the stages, continuous stoping is conducted on a plurality of mining areas in all sections, the thin ore body group multi-section multi-mining-area collaborative continuous mining technology is achieved, the stoping period is greatly shortened, the mine production capacity and the stoping efficiency can be effectively improved, and safe and orderly connection during collaborative mining of the multiple mining areas is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground mining, in particular to a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure and a continuous mining method. Background Art

[0002] Due to the special geological conditions and ore body occurrence state of many domestic mines, some exploitable ore bodies present discontinuous ore body groups underground, forming multiple mining sites for decentralized mining. In view of the characteristics of such ore bodies, there are currently few efficient and continuous mining methods. Traditional mining methods are difficult to achieve coordinated continuous mining of multiple mining sites, resulting in low mining efficiency, low output, and high resource losses. At the same time, if the coordinated continuous mining between multiple mining areas cannot be connected, it will also cause great difficulties for the safe production management of mines.

[0003] According to the actual occurrence state of such ore bodies, it is necessary to design an efficient, safe and practical mining method. The patent with publication number CN113389550A proposes a multi-mining area cluster mining continuous process for deep medium-thick metal deposits. 3 to 6 stopes are arranged vertically in the mining area along the ore body, and multi-segment multi-mining area parallel operations are carried out for simultaneous mining. The approach layout of this mining method is the traditional layout method. The goaf area after mining is large in volume and has poor safety. It is only suitable for metal ores with medium-thick ore bodies. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure and a continuous mining method, which can realize simultaneous operation of multiple segments and multiple mining areas, that is, concentrated, efficient and continuous mining of multiple ore bodies, improve mine production efficiency, and effectively solve the problems of difficult mining and low efficiency of discontinuous ore body groups.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mining structure with multiple mining areas of multiple thin ore bodies, comprising a ramp, a segmented transport tunnel, a return air shaft, filling slurry, an unmined ore body, a mining area, a filling retaining wall, a connecting passage and a staged transport tunnel; the ramp is used to connect multiple mining sections divided in the multiple thin ore bodies, segmented transport tunnels and staged transport tunnels are arranged outside the lower wall vein of each segmented ore body, a connecting passage is excavated from the segmented transport tunnel to the ore body, and multiple ore bodies are divided into unmined ore bodies and mining areas along the direction of the ore body; the filling slurry is injected into the goaf of the ore body from the return air shaft; the filling retaining wall is arranged at the connection between the mining area and the connecting passage.

[0007] The present invention provides another technical solution: a continuous mining method of a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Multiple thin ore bodies are divided into multiple stages for mining, and each stage is further divided into multiple mining sections. The sections are connected by ramps, and each section is divided into multiple layers. Transport tunnels are arranged outside the footwall vein of each section ore body, and communication channels are excavated from the section transport tunnels to the ore body;

[0009] S2: Construction is carried out to the left and right of the tunneling communication channel according to the horizontal thickness of the ore body. Multiple ore bodies are divided into mining areas along the direction of the ore body, and multiple mining areas of multiple ore bodies in the layer are mined and advanced simultaneously;

[0010] S3: The drilling operation uses a drilling trolley to drill horizontal blastholes for ore removal, and the charging trolley is used for charging. The primary recovery height is the layer height, and the ore is transported out by a scraper;

[0011] S4: After the mining of each layered mining area is completed, the filling slurry is injected into the goaf through the return air shaft, and the filling retaining wall is arranged at the connection between the mining area and the communication channel;

[0012] S5: After completing the mining and filling of one layer, and after the filling slurry is completely solidified and the strength meets the requirements, the next layer operation is carried out; at the same time, the connecting channel is capped to form the next layer's extra-vein connecting channel. After the connecting channel is excavated and passes through each ore body in the layer, the multi-mining area coordinated mining operation of the layer is carried out.

[0013] Furthermore, the communication channel height is the layer height.

[0014] Furthermore, the mining area height is the layer height, and the mining area width is consistent with the horizontal thickness of the ore body.

[0015] Furthermore, the filling work between the various stratified and multi-mining areas in S4 is connected by movable filling pipes, and the strength of the filling slurry meets the safety and stability requirements of the goaf and the strength requirements for supporting the next stratified operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the multiple mining stages divided in S1 is 60m, each stage is divided into four mining sections, the section height is 15m, each section is divided into 5 layers, and the layer height is 3m of the tunnel height.

[0017] Furthermore, the segmented operations can be arranged at intervals, that is, there is one segmented mining interval above and below, and the adjacent mining areas can be staggered, that is, the same ore body is separated by one mining area along the strike upward, and this can be extended to each vein.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The multi-mining area mining structure and continuous mining method for multiple thin ore bodies of the present invention implement multi-segment and multi-mining area parallel and simultaneous mining operations for multiple ore bodies, and carry out continuous mining in each segmented mining area along the direction of the ore body to achieve safe, continuous and efficient multi-mining area mining, which can significantly improve the efficiency of multi-mining area mining for multiple thin ore bodies and increase the economic benefits of mining enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic plan view of a mining stage layout of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Section II-II of the

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Ⅲ-Ⅲ cross-section diagram.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Ramp; 2. Segmented transport tunnel; 3. Return air shaft; 4. Filling slurry; 5. Unmined ore body; 6. Mining area; 7. Filling retaining wall; 8. Communication passage; 9. Staged transport tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1-3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a mining structure with multiple thin ore bodies and multiple mining areas, including a ramp 1, a segmented transport tunnel 2, a return air shaft 3, a filling slurry 4, an unmined ore body 5, a mining area 6, a filling retaining wall 7, a connecting passage 8 and a stage transport tunnel 9; the ramp 1 is used to connect multiple mining sections divided in multiple thin ore bodies, and segmented transport tunnels 2 and stage transport tunnels 9 are arranged outside the lower wall vein of each segmented ore body. A connecting passage 8 is excavated from the segmented transport tunnel 2 to the ore body, and multiple ore bodies are divided into unmined ore bodies 5 and mining areas 6 along the direction of the ore body; the filling slurry 4 is injected into the goaf of the ore body from the return air shaft 3; the filling retaining wall 7 is arranged at the connection between the mining area 6 and the connecting passage 8.

[0026] Based on the above mining structure and collaborative mining concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a continuous mining method of a multi-thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: According to the occurrence conditions and physical and mechanical properties of multiple ore bodies, multiple thin ore bodies are divided into multiple stages for mining. Each stage can be divided into multiple mining sections according to the mining height. The sections are connected by ramps 1. Each section is divided into multiple layers. A transport lane is arranged outside the footwall vein of each segmented ore body, and a communication channel 8 is excavated from the segmented transport lane 2 to the ore body. The communication channel 8 runs through each ore body in the layer. The height of the communication channel 8 is the height of the lane, that is, one layer;

[0028] Among them, the stage height is 60m, each stage is divided into four mining sections, the section height is 15m, each section is divided into 5 layers, and the layer height is 3m of the tunnel height.

[0029] S2: After the excavation communication channel 8 reaches each ore body, construction is carried out to the left and right of the excavation communication channel 8 according to the horizontal thickness of the ore body, that is, multiple ore bodies are divided into mining areas 6 along the direction of the ore body in each layer, the height of the mining area 6 is the layer height, the width of the mining area 6 is consistent with the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and continuous backfilling is carried out between the mining areas 6 without leaving ore pillars. Multiple mining areas 6 of multiple ore bodies in the layer are mined and advanced simultaneously; in this step, the mining areas 6 are arranged along the direction of the ore body in each mining area, and the length size parameters of the mining area 6 are designed according to the occurrence conditions, physical and mechanical properties and production capacity of the ore body. The width of the mining area 6 is the thickness of the ore body, and the height of the mining area 6 is the layer height of 3m.

[0030] S3: The rock drilling operation is carried out by drilling horizontal blastholes, and the charging trolley is used for charging. The one-time mining height is the layer height, and the ore bodies collapsed in each mining area are transported out by scrapers;

[0031] S4: After the mining of each layered mining area 6 is completed, the filling work is carried out. The filling height of the mining field is consistent with the layer height. The filling slurry 4 is injected into the goaf through the return air shaft 3. The filling retaining wall 7 is arranged at the connection between the mining area 6 and the communication channel 8. The filling work between the multi-layered mining areas is connected by a movable filling pipeline. The goaf is backfilled in time. The strength of the filling slurry 4 should meet the safety and stability of the goaf and the strength requirements for supporting the next layer operation;

[0032] S5: After completing the mining and filling of a layer, when the filling slurry 4 is completely solidified and the strength meets the requirements, proceed to the next layer operation; at the same time, the connecting channel 8 is topped to form the next layer's extra-vein connecting channel. After the connecting channel 8 is excavated to pass through each ore body in the layer, the above steps are repeated to carry out the multi-mining area coordinated mining operation of the layer.

[0033] In the above steps, the filling height of each mining area is 3m of the layer height. When filling the first layer of each segment, an artificial false bottom can be constructed. The false bottom can be made of concrete bonding material and steel bars. In order to avoid excessive ground pressure when multiple segments and multiple mining areas are pushed forward at the same time, the segment operations can be arranged at intervals, that is, one segment is mined at intervals above and below. Adjacent mining areas can also be staggered, that is, one mining area is separated along the strike of the same ore body, and then pushed to each vein, making full use of the stability of the surrounding rock, ensuring safe mining, and ensuring coordinated, continuous and efficient mining of multiple mining areas.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, there are 4 thin ore veins distributed in the stope. According to the occurrence conditions and physical and mechanical properties of the ore body, it is divided into multiple mining stages. The stage height is 60m, and each stage is divided into four mining sections. The section height is 15m, and each section is divided into 5 layers. The layer height is 3m of the roadway height. In each layer, continuous mining areas 6 are divided along the direction of the ore body. The height of mining area 6 is 3m of the layer height, the width of mining area 6 is the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the length of mining area 6 is 30m. Adjacent mining areas 6 can also be staggered, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0035] A segmented transport tunnel 2 and a staged transport tunnel 9 are arranged at the bottom of the ore body. A communication channel 8 is excavated from the segmented transport tunnel 2 to the ore body. The communication channel 8 runs through and connects each ore body in the layer. After the ore bodies in the layer are mined, the ore is transported to the chute by each segmented transport tunnel 2. A return air shaft 3 is arranged in the ore body for conveying filling slurry 4 in each stope. The filling work between the stopes in the layer is connected by a movable filling pipeline, and a filling retaining wall 7 is arranged at the connection between the mining area 6 and the communication channel 8.

[0036] In summary: the present invention provides a multi-mining area mining structure and a continuous mining method for multiple thin ore bodies. Between each layer, based on the principle of coordinated mining, multiple ore bodies are divided into mining areas 6 along the direction of the ore bodies in each layer. Multiple mining areas 6 of multiple ore bodies in the layer are mined and advanced simultaneously without leaving ore pillars. After the mining of all ore bodies in the mining field of the layer is completed, filling work is carried out. The next layer of ore body mining work can be carried out only after the filling slurry 4 is stable. The connecting channel 8 in the segment is topped to form a vein-out connecting channel for the next segment. In a stage, multiple segments can be mined simultaneously, and the segment operations are arranged at intervals, with one segment mining interval between the upper and lower segments, such as Figure 1 As shown, by implementing multi-segment and multi-mining area parallel operations within the stage, and realizing the coordinated continuous mining technology of multi-segment and multi-mining areas of thin ore body groups, it is possible to realize the simultaneous operation of multiple segments and multiple mining areas, that is, the concentrated, efficient and continuous mining of multiple ore bodies, thereby improving mine production efficiency, thereby effectively solving the problems of difficult mining and low efficiency of discontinuous ore body groups.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ramp (1), a segmented transport tunnel (2), a return air shaft (3), a filling slurry (4), an unmined ore body (5), a mining area (6), a filling retaining wall (7), a communication passage (8) and a staged transport tunnel (9); the ramp (1) is used to connect a plurality of mining sections divided in a plurality of thin ore bodies, a segmented transport tunnel (2) and a staged transport tunnel (9) are arranged outside the lower wall vein of each segmented ore body, a communication passage (8) is excavated from the segmented transport tunnel (2) to the ore body, and a plurality of ore bodies are divided into unmined ore bodies (5) and mining areas (6) along the direction of the ore bodies; the filling slurry (4) is injected into the mined area of ​​the ore body from the return air shaft (3); the filling retaining wall (7) is arranged at the connection between the mining area (6) and the communication passage (8).

2. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Divide multiple thin ore bodies into multiple stages for mining, and divide each stage into multiple mining sections. The sections are connected by ramps (1). Each section is divided into multiple layers. A transport tunnel is arranged outside the footwall vein of each section ore body, and a communication channel (8) is excavated from the section transport tunnel (2) to the ore body; S2: Construction is carried out to the left and right of the tunneling communication channel (8) according to the horizontal thickness of the ore body, and multiple ore bodies are divided into mining areas (6) along the direction of the ore body. Multiple mining areas (6) of multiple ore bodies in the layer are mined and advanced simultaneously; S3: The rock drilling operation uses a rock drilling trolley to drill horizontal blastholes for ore dropping, and the charging trolley is used for charging. The primary recovery height is the layer height, and the ore is transported out by a scraper; S4: After the mining of each layered mining area (6) is completed, a filling slurry (4) is injected into the goaf through the return air shaft (3), and a filling retaining wall (7) is arranged at the connection between the mining area (6) and the communication channel (8); S5: After completing the mining and filling of a layer, after the filling slurry (4) is completely solidified and the strength meets the requirements, the next layer operation is carried out; at the same time, the connecting channel (8) is subjected to the capping treatment to form the next layer's extra-vein connecting channel. After the connecting channel (8) is excavated and passes through each ore body in the layer, the multi-mining area coordinated mining operation of the layer is carried out.

3. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the communication channel (8) is the layer height.

4. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the mining area (6) is the layer height, and the width of the mining area (6) is consistent with the horizontal thickness of the ore body.

5. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The filling work between the various stratified multi-mining areas in S4 is connected by a movable filling pipeline, and the strength of the filling slurry (4) meets the safety and stability requirements of the goaf and the strength requirements for supporting the next stratified operation.

6. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the multiple mining stages divided in S1 is 60m, each stage is divided into four mining sections, the section height is 15m, each section is divided into 5 layers, and the layer height is 3m of the tunnel height.

7. A continuous mining method for a multi-strip thin ore body multi-mining area mining structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The segmented operations can also be arranged in intervals, that is, there is one segmented mining interval above and below, and the adjacent mining areas (6) can be arranged in a staggered manner, that is, there is one mining area interval along the strike of the same ore body, and this can be extended to each vein.

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