Mining method with downward fan-shaped hole arrangement of deep hole of iron ore

Abstract

The invention provides an iron ore deep hole downward fan-shaped hole arrangement mining method which comprises the following steps: step 1, performing stope arrangement, arranging an upper vein-following transportation roadway and a rock drilling chamber at the upper part of a stope for ore transportation and drilling operation, and arranging a lower vein-following transportation roadway, an ore removal gate roadway and an ore loading access road at the lower part of the stope for ore transportation and loading; 2, cutting transverse roadways and cutting wells, correspondingly arranging bottom and top cutting transverse roadways at the center or the end part of the stope to form a blasting free surface, digging the cutting wells in the hanging wall of the ore body, and penetrating through the bottom and top cutting transverse roadways to provide a space for blasting operation; and thirdly, fan-shaped deep holes are arranged, and the downward fan-shaped holes of the deep holes are formed in the chamber to replace original vertical hole arrangement mining, so that the method can better adapt to the geological conditions, the mining efficiency is improved, a larger ore body area can be covered, the ore collection rate is improved, and the mining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of iron ore mining, and in particular to an iron ore mining method in which deep holes are arranged in a downward fan-shaped pattern. Background Art

[0002] Iron ore mining refers to the process of extracting iron ore from underground or open-pit mines and processing it into iron ore products. Before mining, geological surveys are conducted to understand the distribution and reserves of iron ore, determine the size, shape and layout of the mine, and select appropriate mining methods based on the geological characteristics of the mine and the mining objectives. These mining methods include steps such as explosive selection, drilling design and delayed blasting. Appropriate mining methods are used to improve mining efficiency.

[0003] Due to the limitations of geological conditions, such as deep or steep deposits, traditional mining methods may not be able to effectively mine ore. Mining through traditional vertical hole arrangements cannot effectively mine ore, and the efficiency of ore collection needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an iron ore mining method with a deep hole and downward fan-shaped hole arrangement to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an iron ore deep hole downward fan-shaped hole mining method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Arrange the stope. Set up an upper vein transport tunnel and rock drilling chamber in the upper part of the stope for ore transportation and drilling operations. Set up a lower vein transport tunnel, mine exit tunnel, and ore loading access in the lower part of the stope for ore transportation and loading.

[0007] Step 2: Cutting tunnels and cutting wells. The bottom and top cutting tunnels are arranged in the center or end of the stope to form a blasting free surface. Cutting wells are dug in the upper wall of the ore body, penetrating the bottom and top cutting tunnels to provide space for blasting operations.

[0008] Step 3: Arrange fan-shaped deep holes. In the top cutting horizontal tunnel, arrange medium-diameter parallel deep holes and fan-shaped inclined deep holes. These deep holes use the cutting vertical groove as the free surface and are arranged along the direction of the mine room.

[0009] Step 4: Blasting operation: blasting operation is carried out according to the designed blasthole spacing and charge amount. After blasting, the ore falls into the cutting cross tunnel under the action of its own weight;

[0010] Step 5: Ore unloading and transportation: Use a scraper or loader to transport the ore out of the cutting cross tunnel. The ore is transported to the ore bin or external transportation system through the upper vein transport tunnel, the lower vein transport tunnel, and the mine unloading horizontal tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, in the first step, the chamber size is set to 4.5m*3.8m, its shape is rectangular, and the width of the strip pillar is 7m.

[0012] Preferably: in the third step, the 1284 trolley is used to construct the upward fan-shaped hole in the lower part of the chamber, with a mining height of 20m, and the T150 trolley is used to construct the downward fan-shaped hole in the upper part, with a mining height of 37m.

[0013] Preferably, in the fourth step of blasting operation, the lower part of the stope is filled with ammonium oil explosive using a charging trolley to carry out upward fan-shaped hole blasting, and the upper part is manually filled with 140mm emulsion explosive to carry out downward fan-shaped hole blasting.

[0014] Preferably: during the mining operation in the fifth step, the mining site adopts a forced mining and forced mining method to mine, and after the ore block is mined, the tailings are used to cement and fill the bottom plate of the drilling chamber, and then the upper ore block is mined, one hole chamber is used as a medium-deep hole drilling tunnel, and a large hole is used to make a mine connecting tunnel, and mining access roads are constructed between the hole chambers.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an iron ore deep hole downward fan-shaped hole arrangement mining method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By opening deep holes and downward fan-shaped holes in the chamber to replace the original vertical hole arrangement, it can better adapt to the geological conditions, improve mining efficiency, cover a larger ore body area, increase the ore collection rate, and reduce mining costs;

[0017] 2. Through mining upward to the previous block, a borehole chamber is used as a medium-deep rock drilling tunnel, a large hole is used as a mine connecting tunnel, and the mine access roads are constructed between the borehole chambers. When mining the two parts of the ore pillar, the original tunnel can be used to reduce the excavation of the filling body; reduce the support engineering and construction difficulty.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is combined with Figure 1The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a method for mining iron ore with a deep hole downward fan-shaped hole arrangement includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Arrange the stope, set up upper vein transport lanes, rock drilling chambers, etc. in the upper part of the stope for ore transportation and drilling operations, and set up lower vein transport lanes, mine exit lanes, loading access roads, etc. in the lower part of the stope for ore transportation and loading;

[0026] Step 2: Cutting tunnels and cutting wells. The bottom and top cutting tunnels are arranged in the center or end of the stope to form a blasting free surface. Cutting wells are dug in the upper wall of the ore body, penetrating the bottom and top cutting tunnels to provide space for blasting operations.

[0027] Step 3: Arrange fan-shaped deep holes. In the top cutting lane, arrange medium-diameter parallel deep holes and fan-shaped inclined deep holes. These deep holes are arranged along the direction of the mine room with the cutting vertical groove as the free surface. The arrangement of fan-shaped deep holes is used to ensure that the ore can collapse evenly during blasting and improve the recovery rate of the ore.

[0028] Step 4: Blasting operation: blasting operation is carried out according to the designed blasthole spacing and charge amount. After blasting, the ore falls into the cutting horizontal tunnel under its own weight, which is convenient for subsequent mining operations;

[0029] Step 5: Ore removal and transportation: Use a slag scraper or loader to transport the ore out of the cutting tunnel. Here, the ore is transported to the ore bin or external transportation system through the upper vein transportation tunnel, the lower vein transportation tunnel, and the mine level tunnel;

[0030] Through the above technical scheme, during operation, deep holes and downward fan-shaped holes are opened in the chamber to replace the original vertical hole arrangement for mining, so as to better adapt to the geological conditions and improve mining efficiency. It can also cover a larger ore body area, increase the ore collection rate, and reduce mining costs. In addition, in some cases, the deep hole downward fan-shaped hole arrangement mining plan can also reduce the risk of ground collapse and mine collapse, and improve mining safety.

[0031] Furthermore, in the first step, the specifications of the chamber are set to 4.5m*3.8m, its shape is rectangular, and the width of the strip pillar is 7m; in the third step, the 1284 trolley is used to construct the upward fan-shaped holes in the lower part of the chamber, with a mining height of 20m, and the T150 trolley is used to construct the downward fan-shaped holes in the upper part, with a mining height of 37m.

[0032] Through the above technical solution, when working, for example, in a stope with a block length of 50m, the excavation work can be reduced by 1593m in one step of mining. 3 , saving 234,200 yuan in costs and reducing the filling volume by 2448m 3 , saving 137,000 yuan in costs; the loss of ore volume was 1,837.5 tons, with an economic value of 276,800 yuan, and a total economic benefit of 95,200 yuan; in the second step of mining, the excavation work can be reduced by 1,890m 3 , saving 277,800 yuan in costs, building 67 steel arch support frames, saving 290,000 yuan in costs, with a total economic benefit of 567,800 yuan; due to the cross-sectional area and the lack of filling in the construction tunnel, the safety factor is increased.

[0033] Furthermore, in the blasting operation in the fourth step, the lower part of the stope is filled with ammonium oil explosive using a charging trolley to carry out upward fan-shaped hole blasting, and the upper part is manually filled with 140mm emulsion explosives to carry out downward fan-shaped hole blasting; during the ore-exporting operation in the fifth step, the stope adopts a strong mining and strong outflowing method to carry out ore-exporting, and after the ore block is recovered, the tailings are cemented and filled into the bottom plate of the rock drilling chamber, and then the upper ore block is recovered, one hole chamber is used as a medium-deep hole rock drilling tunnel, and a large hole is used to make a mine joint tunnel, and the ore-exporting access road is constructed between the hole chambers;

[0034] Through the above technical scheme, during operation, the upper large-hole rock drilling chamber serves as the bottom structure of the upper mining field after the mining of the main mining field is completed, which can reduce the amount of excavation work. At the same time, when mining the ore pillars in the second mining field, the original tunnels are used to reduce the excavation in the filling body; reduce the support engineering and construction difficulty. Combining the above points, the deep hole downward fan-shaped hole arrangement mining scheme has obvious necessity and basis under specific geological conditions, which can improve the ore collection efficiency, reduce costs, and reduce safety risks.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mining iron ore by arranging deep holes in a downward fan-shaped pattern, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Arrange the stope. Set up an upper vein transport tunnel and rock drilling chamber in the upper part of the stope for ore transportation and drilling operations. Set up a lower vein transport tunnel, mine exit tunnel, and ore loading access in the lower part of the stope for ore transportation and loading. Step 2: Cutting tunnels and cutting wells. The bottom and top cutting tunnels are arranged in the center or end of the stope to form a blasting free surface. Cutting wells are dug in the upper wall of the ore body, penetrating the bottom and top cutting tunnels to provide space for blasting operations. Step 3: Arrange fan-shaped deep holes. In the top cutting horizontal tunnel, arrange medium-diameter parallel deep holes and fan-shaped inclined deep holes. These deep holes take the cutting vertical groove as the free surface and are arranged along the direction of the mine room. Step 4: Blasting operation: blasting operation is carried out according to the designed blasthole spacing and charge amount. After blasting, the ore falls into the cutting horizontal tunnel under the action of its own weight; Step 5: Ore unloading and transportation: Use a scraper or loader to transport the ore out of the cutting cross tunnel. The ore is transported to the ore bin or external transportation system through the upper vein transport tunnel, the lower vein transport tunnel, and the mine unloading horizontal tunnel.

2. The method for mining iron ore by arranging deep holes in a downward fan-shaped pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first step, the chamber size is set to 4.5m*3.8m, its shape is rectangular, and the width of the strip pillar is 7m.

3. The method for mining iron ore by arranging deep holes in a downward fan-shaped pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step, the 1284 trolley is used to construct upward fan-shaped holes in the lower part of the chamber, with a mining height of 20m, and the T150 trolley is used to construct downward fan-shaped holes in the upper part, with a mining height of 37m.

4. The method for mining iron ore by arranging deep holes in a downward fan-shaped pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step of blasting, the lower part of the stope is filled with ammonium oil explosive using a charging trolley to carry out upward fan-shaped hole blasting, and the upper part is manually filled with 140mm emulsion explosive to carry out downward fan-shaped hole blasting.

5. The method for mining iron ore with a deep downward fan-shaped hole arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the mining operation in the fifth step, the mining site adopts the method of forced mining and forced extraction. After the ore block is mined, the tailings are used to cement and fill the bottom plate of the drilling chamber. Subsequently, the next ore block is mined upward, one hole chamber is used as a medium-deep hole drilling tunnel, and a large hole is used to make a mine connecting tunnel. The mining access roads are constructed between the hole chambers.

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