A physical similarity simulation experimental device and method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal

Abstract

This application discloses a physical similarity simulation experimental device and method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, belonging to the field of oil-rich coal pyrolysis. After the partition plate of the device is lowered, the experimental chamber is divided into at least three independent compartments along its length. The walls of the first and last compartments on both sides are respectively provided with inlet and outlet ports. Multiple ventilation structures are evenly distributed on each partition plate, and each ventilation structure is configured for unidirectional ventilation from inlet to outlet. An ignition mechanism is located in the first compartment. Each compartment is equipped with a gas composition monitoring mechanism, a gas pressure monitoring mechanism, a gas delivery control mechanism, and a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism. Oil-rich coal samples are evenly placed in each compartment. An oil-gas separation and collection mechanism is connected to the last compartment. This application can obtain combustion control parameters for oil-rich coal pyrolysis, solve the problem of difficult heat source for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, achieve efficient utilization of semi-coke from oil-rich coal pyrolysis, and guide engineering applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and in particular to a physical similarity simulation experimental device and method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. Background Art

[0002] my country's resource endowment characteristics of "lack of oil, little gas, and relatively rich in coal" determine that coal will still be the main energy source in my country in the short term. Ensuring the safe and efficient mining of coal and its low-carbon and clean utilization has become a trend in the country's high-quality energy development. There are many types of coal, and coal with a tar yield of more than 7% obtained by low-temperature dry distillation is oil-rich coal. Oil-rich coal is mainly found in medium and low-grade metamorphic coal, and is rich in hydrogen-rich structures that can generate oil and gas products. Oil-rich coal can be transformed into rich coal tar, coal pyrolysis gas, and clean and smokeless pyrolysis semi-coke through a scientific and reasonable low-temperature pyrolysis process, which has the advantages of high oil and gas conversion efficiency and low production cost. Reasonable treatment of oil-rich coal can achieve efficient utilization of coal.

[0003] It is difficult to mine oil-rich coal underground, and pyrolysis of the coal to obtain tar increases production processes and costs. However, the in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal, that is, the technology of extracting tar from coal without extracting coal underground to the ground, can convert organic matter such as carbon in coal into low-carbon or carbon-free resources such as methane and hydrogen. It not only realizes the efficient and low-carbon utilization of oil-rich coal, but also greatly extends the depth range of coal utilization without increasing production processes and costs.

[0004] The existing in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal uses pyrolysis methods including electric heating and gas heating. Electric heating is to heat the oil-rich coal with electric heating wires, and then control the oxygen concentration in the environment to reduce the pyrolysis of the coal. Through continuous ventilation, the gas is transported to the ground and the coal tar in the output gas is extracted. The coal tar is distilled again to become the desired oil. The in-situ pyrolysis semi-coke of the pyrolysis product of the oil-rich coal is retained underground. Gas heating is to heat an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen and then input it into the ground. The heated gas transfers heat to the kerosene-rich coal, causing the kerosene-rich coal to pyrolyze, and the gas then brings the coal tar out to the ground. Similarly, the pyrolysis semi-coke of the in-situ pyrolysis product of the oil-rich coal is retained underground.

[0005] In practice, the pyrolysis semi-coke produced by the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal can be burned to generate heat and be utilized. The pyrolysis semi-coke produced by the existing in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal is retained underground, resulting in a huge waste of resources. At the same time, the existing in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal has slow heat transfer efficiency and long heating time. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively utilize the pyrolysis semi-coke produced by the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. Appropriate parameters need to be set for the process of efficient utilization of pyrolysis semi-coke. However, since the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is located underground, it is concealed and difficult to install various components. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain appropriate parameters on the ground before applying them to actual working situations underground. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, which can solve the problems of existing in-situ pyrolysis processes of oil-rich coal causing huge waste of resources, slow heat transfer efficiency, long heating time, and efficient utilization of pyrolysis semi-coke requiring acquisition of suitable parameters on the ground and then application in actual underground working environments.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, comprising: an experimental cabin, a compartment mechanism, an ignition mechanism, a gas composition monitoring mechanism, a gas pressure monitoring mechanism, a gas delivery control mechanism, a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism, and an oil and gas separation and collection mechanism;

[0009] The said compartment mechanism comprises at least two; each of the said compartment mechanisms comprises a compartment plate, a driving motor and a rotating shaft; at least two of the said driving motors are arranged on the outer wall of the said experimental compartment; at least two of the said rotating shafts are parallel to the width direction of the said experimental compartment and are arranged at intervals, and one end of the said rotating shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the said driving motor at the corresponding position; the said compartment plate is in the shape of a rolling curtain, has good thermal conductivity, and the upper end is rolled on one of the said rotating shafts, so that after the said compartment plate is lowered, the said experimental compartment is respectively divided into at least three independent compartments along the length direction;

[0010] The bulkheads of the first and last hulls on both sides are respectively provided with hatch entrances and hatch exits, wherein the hatch entrances are configured as entrances for placing oil-rich coal into the experimental cabin, and the hatch exits are configured as exits for outputting combustion waste;

[0011] A plurality of ventilation structures are evenly distributed on each of the bulkheads, and the ventilation structures are configured to ventilate in one direction from inlet to outlet;

[0012] The ignition mechanism is arranged in the first cabin;

[0013] The gas composition monitoring mechanism, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism, the gas delivery control mechanism and the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism are arranged in each of the cabins;

[0014] Evenly placing oil-rich coal samples in each of the chambers;

[0015] The gas delivery control mechanism provided in the first cabin is used to provide oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% into the first cabin, the ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin, and then the ignition mechanism is turned off to allow the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to burn; the gas in the first cabin is delivered to the second cabin through the ventilation structure, and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin until the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal is reached, so that the second cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is delivered to the third cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin, and so on, the heat is transferred to the last cabin all the way to cause the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the last cabin;

[0016] The oil and gas separation and collection mechanism is communicated with the rear cabin.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal further includes a control mechanism;

[0018] The control mechanism includes a computer module;

[0019] The ignition mechanism, the gas composition monitoring mechanism, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism, the gas delivery control mechanism, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism, the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism, and the compartment mechanism are all electrically connected to the control mechanism;

[0020] The computer module has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software. The virtual platform can digitally twin the collected lifting data of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform, and the virtual platform transmits the data to the simulation analysis software;

[0021] The simulation analysis software can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data in each of the cabins, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs, control the gas delivery control mechanism to adjust the oxygen concentration, gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead of each cabin, control the cabin after adjustment to perform the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again until the optimal state of pyrolysis oil yield of the oil-rich coal is reached, and record the gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data of each cabin at this time.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal further includes an audio-visual monitoring mechanism;

[0023] The audio-visual monitoring mechanism is arranged in each cabin;

[0024] The video and audio monitoring mechanism is electrically connected to the control mechanism;

[0025] The simulation analysis software also performs real-time analysis based on the audio and video data and coal tar production data collected in each of the cabins, and predicts the degree of combustion and pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the video and audio monitoring mechanism includes a camera and a microphone;

[0027] The microphone is configured to obtain the initial frequency of the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal, the average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the heating and combustion of the oil-rich coal, and invert the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal in the cabin through the relationship formula between the acoustic emission signal frequency and the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal, wherein the relationship formula is:

[0028] (1),

[0029] Where f is the average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the heating and combustion of the oil-rich coal, f0 is the initial frequency of the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal, λ is the correction coefficient of the received signal frequency changing with the temperature of the oil-rich coal, and T is the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the ventilation structure includes a clamp ring and a movable leaf;

[0031] There are multiple movable leaves, each of which includes a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment and a fourth arc segment that are arranged in sequence;

[0032] The first arc segments of the plurality of movable leaves are arranged on the inner wall of the clamp ring to form a circle as a whole;

[0033] The surfaces of two adjacent movable leaves are partially overlapped;

[0034] The third arc segments of the plurality of movable leaves are assembled into a circle;

[0035] The bulkhead plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the clamp ring is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism is placed in each cabin and includes nine temperature and humidity sensors;

[0037] The nine temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in a 3×3 array;

[0038] The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin is:

[0039] Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is (m, n), and the temperature collected by the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is T m,n , then the temperature data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor in each cabin is:

[0040] (2),

[0041] The temperature difference in the transverse direction is:

[0042] (3),

[0043] The temperature difference in the longitudinal direction is:

[0044] (4),

[0045] The calculated temperature gradient in the lateral direction is:

[0046] (5),

[0047] Wherein, d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the lateral direction;

[0048] The calculated temperature gradient in the longitudinal direction is:

[0049] (6),

[0050] Wherein, r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the longitudinal direction;

[0051] Using Fourier's law, the heat flux in the transverse direction is:

[0052] (7),

[0053] In the formula, q x is the heat flux density in the transverse direction, k is the thermal conductivity of the oil-rich coal;

[0054] The heat flux in the longitudinal direction is:

[0055] (8),

[0056] In the formula, q y is the heat flux density along the longitudinal direction;

[0057] Using Fourier's law, the heat flux at point (m, n) can be approximated as:

[0058] (9),

[0059] Substituting the approximate value for the temperature gradient, we obtain:

[0060] (10),

[0061] Calculate the total heat transfer rate Q;

[0062] (11),

[0063] In the formula, q x,y is the heat flux at the point (x, y).

[0064] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism is placed in each cabin and includes nine temperature and humidity sensors;

[0065] The nine temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in a 3×3 array;

[0066] The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin is:

[0067] Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is (m, n), and the relative humidity collected by the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is RH m,n , then the relative humidity data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor in each cabin is:

[0068] (12),

[0069] The relative humidity difference in the transverse direction is:

[0070] (13),

[0071] The relative humidity difference in the longitudinal direction is:

[0072] (14),

[0073] The calculated relative humidity gradient in the lateral direction is:

[0074] (15),

[0075] Where d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the lateral direction;

[0076] The calculated relative humidity gradient in the longitudinal direction is:

[0077] (16),

[0078] Where r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the longitudinal direction;

[0079] The changes of relative humidity of oil-rich coal in the transverse and longitudinal directions are:

[0080] (17),

[0081] (18),

[0082] In the formula, (19),

[0083] (20),

[0084] (twenty one),

[0085] Where W is the heat transfer rate of oil-rich coal calculated by relative humidity; A·B is a three-by-three-order matrix.

[0086] In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a physical similarity simulation experimental method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, based on the above-mentioned physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, comprising:

[0087] Placing oil-rich coal in the experimental cabin, lowering the bulkhead of the bulkhead mechanism, so that the bulkhead divides the experimental cabin into at least three independent cabins in the extension direction thereof;

[0088] Open the control mechanism, audio and video monitoring mechanism, gas composition monitoring mechanism, gas pressure monitoring mechanism, temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism, gas delivery control mechanism, and oil and gas separation and collection mechanism in sequence;

[0089] The gas delivery control mechanism provided in the first cabin provides oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% into the first cabin, an ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin, and then the ignition mechanism is turned off to allow the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to burn;

[0090] The gas in the first cabin is transported to the second cabin through the ventilation structure of the compartment mechanism, and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin through the gas transport control mechanism of the second cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin until the concentration of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is reached, so that the second cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is transported to the third cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin through the gas transport control mechanism of the second cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin, and so on, the heat is transmitted to the last cabin all the way, so that the oil-rich coal in the last cabin is pyrolyzed;

[0091] The computer module has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software, and the virtual platform can digitally twin the collected data on the lifting and lowering of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform;

[0092] The simulation analysis software can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected lifting data of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data and coal tar production data, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs, and control the gas delivery control mechanism to adjust the oxygen concentration, gas pressure and lifting of the bulkheads in each cabin; control the cabin after adjustment to perform the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again until the state of the best pyrolysis oil yield of the oil-rich coal is reached, and record the gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data and coal tar production data of each cabin at this time;

[0093] The gas generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal and the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are transported to the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism, which separates the coal tar and transmits the coal tar production data to the control mechanism.

[0094] In a third aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ pyrolysis method for oil-rich coal, based on the above-mentioned in-situ pyrolysis physical similarity simulation experimental device for oil-rich coal, comprising:

[0095] The actual underground oil- and coal-rich area is made into an actual chamber by injecting filling materials;

[0096] At least two actual compartment partition mechanisms are arranged in the actual compartment, so that the actual compartment partition mechanisms can separate the actual compartment into at least three independent actual compartment bodies along the length direction;

[0097] The bulkheads of the first actual cabin and the last actual cabin on both sides are respectively provided with actual hatch entrances and actual hatch exits, wherein the actual hatch entrances are configured as entrances for placing oil-rich coal into the actual cabin, and the actual hatch exits are configured as exits for outputting combustion waste;

[0098] A plurality of actual ventilation structures are evenly distributed on the actual bulkhead plate of each actual bulkhead mechanism, and the actual ventilation structures are all configured for unidirectional ventilation from the inlet to the outlet direction;

[0099] The first actual ignition mechanism is set inside the actual cabin;

[0100] An actual gas delivery control mechanism is provided in each of the actual cabins;

[0101] Evenly placing oil-rich coal in each of the actual chambers, and artificially causing fractures in the oil-rich coal;

[0102] Based on the ignition power of the ignition mechanism at the optimal state of pyrolysis oil yield of oil-rich coal measured by the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the oxygen concentration of the cabin body of each experimental cabin adjusted by the gas delivery control mechanism, the gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead, the guidance and adjustment are performed so that the actual gas delivery control mechanism arranged in the first actual cabin provides the first actual cabin with oxygen with a concentration of 19%~21%, the actual ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin, and then the actual ignition mechanism is closed to burn the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin; the gas in the first actual cabin is transported to the second actual cabin through the actual ventilation structure, and the gas in the second actual cabin is transported to the second actual cabin through the actual gas delivery control mechanism of the second actual cabin. Nitrogen is provided to the second actual cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second actual cabin until it reaches the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal, so that the second actual cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is transported to the third actual cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second actual cabin through the actual gas transportation control mechanism of the second actual cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third actual cabin, and so on, the heat is always transferred to the last actual cabin, so that the oil-rich coal in the last actual cabin is pyrolyzed;

[0103] The actual cabin at the end is connected to the actual oil and gas separation and collection mechanism on the ground through an exhaust pipe;

[0104] The actual compartment mechanism, the actual ignition mechanism, the actual gas delivery control mechanism and the actual oil-gas separation and collection mechanism are electrically connected to an actual control module on the ground.

[0105] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0106] The embodiment of the present application provides an experimental device for physics similarity simulation of in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. A large-scale physical similarity simulation device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is built on the ground. At least two compartment mechanisms are arranged in the experimental cabin so that the compartment plates divide the experimental cabin into at least three independent cabins along the length direction. The oxygen concentration and pressure of each cabin can be controlled by the ventilation structure and gas delivery control mechanism arranged on the compartment plates. The oil-rich coal samples are evenly placed in each cabin. An ignition mechanism is arranged in the first cabin, and oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% is provided to the first cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism arranged in the first cabin. When the ignition mechanism is ignited, the oil-rich coal in the first cabin burns, and the gas in the first cabin is transported to the second cabin through the ventilation structure. Nitrogen is provided to the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin to reach the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal, so that the second cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then The gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is transported to the third cabin. When the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin. By analogy, the heat is transferred to the last cabin, so that the oil-rich coal in the last cabin is pyrolyzed. The oil-gas separation and collection mechanism is connected to the last cabin, and the coal tar in the pyrolysis gas of the oil-rich coal can be separated from the gas. The embodiment of the present application can simulate the combustion of oil-rich coal to provide heat for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. The pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is fully utilized to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the next cabin, which can reasonably utilize resources, increase heat transfer efficiency, and have high heat transfer efficiency and short heating time. A gas composition monitoring mechanism and a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism are set in each cabin, which can complete the gas generation, temperature and humidity real-time monitoring, real-time analysis and acquisition of appropriate parameters at all stages of the whole process of the self-heating in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal by oxidation of oil-rich coal. Oil-rich coal from different regions, with different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods is placed in the experimental chamber, so that the combustion and pyrolysis characteristics of oil-rich coal from different regions, with different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods can be mastered and applied to actual underground working situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0108] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental cabin provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0111] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0112] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas composition monitoring mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas pressure monitoring mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas delivery control mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0116] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the control mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0117] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the video and audio monitoring mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0118] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ventilation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0119] Icons: 1-experimental cabin; 11-cabin; 12-entry hatch; 13-exit hatch; 2-cabin partition mechanism; 21-cabin plate; 22-drive motor; 23-rotating shaft; 24-ventilation structure; 221-clamp ring; 222-movable leaf; 3-ignition mechanism; 31-radiant heater; 32-thermal power controller; 33-power data control line; 4-gas composition monitoring mechanism; 41-smoke hood; 42-water bath cooling structure; 43-flue gas analyzer; 44-gas composition data transmission line; 5-gas pressure monitoring mechanism; 51-gas pressure sensor; 52-gas pressure data transmission line; 6-gas delivery control mechanism; 61-nitrogen cylinder; 62-oxygen cylinder; 63-gas Dynamic proportioning structure; 64-intelligent control valve; 65-valve data control line; 66-gas delivery pipe; 67-gas delivery rack; 68-gas proportioning control line; 7-temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism; 71-temperature and humidity sensor; 72-temperature and humidity data transmission line; 8-oil and gas separation and collection mechanism; 81-gas transmission pipeline; 82-oil and gas separation structure; 83-coal tar collection structure; 84-oil quantity display; 85-oil quantity information transmission line; 86-exhaust gas treatment structure; 9-control mechanism; 91-display screen; 92-computer module; 93-data input interface; 10-audio and video monitoring mechanism; 101-camera; 102-microphone; 103-audio and video data transmission line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0120] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0121] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0122] In practice, the combustion temperature of oil-rich coal is about 300℃~500℃, the oxygen concentration required for combustion is >9%, and the combustion pressure can be carried out at normal pressure, but the combustion intensity will increase with the increase of pressure. The combustion conditions vary according to factors such as the degree of metamorphism of the oil-rich coal. The pyrolysis temperature of oil-rich coal is about 450℃~600℃, the oxygen concentration required for pyrolysis is <3%, and the pyrolysis can be carried out at normal pressure, but the pyrolysis intensity will increase with the increase of pressure.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, including: an experimental cabin 1, a compartment mechanism 2, an ignition mechanism 3, a gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, a gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, a gas delivery control mechanism 6, a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 and an oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8.

[0124] like Figure 2 As shown, the length, width and height of the experimental cabin 1 are 6m×1m×1m respectively, and the experimental cabin 1 includes a bottom plate, a cabin frame and a cabin plate. The bottom plate is paved with refractory bricks. The cabin frame is a hexahedron, which is made of high-temperature resistant and heat-insulating stainless steel material and is arranged above the bottom plate. The cabin plate is arranged on the four sides and the top surface of the cabin frame. The top surface is an arched structure. The higher the temperature, the smaller the density of the gas, and the gas will flow to a higher place. The smoke hood 41 of the gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 is arranged on the upper part of each cabin 11, and the top surface is an arched structure, which is more conducive to the smoke hood 41 to collect gas. The cabin plates on both sides are 26mm tempered transparent glass, which is convenient for real-time observation of the reaction progress of the experiment. The sealing and heat preservation of the experimental cabin 1 are good, and the sealing inside each cabin 11 is also good, which can withstand a gas pressure of 10MPa.

[0125] The compartment mechanism 2 includes at least two compartment mechanisms 2, and the compartment mechanism 2 has good thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance and sealing. Each compartment mechanism 2 includes a compartment plate 21, a drive motor 22 and a rotating shaft 23. At least two drive motors 22 are arranged on the outer wall of the experimental compartment 1. The drive motor 22 is equipped with heat insulation cotton to isolate high temperature. At least two rotating shafts 23 are parallel to the width direction of the experimental compartment 1 (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first and second rotating shafts 23 are connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor 22 at the corresponding position. The bulkhead 21 is in the shape of a rolling curtain and has good thermal conductivity. The upper end is rolled on a rotating shaft 23 so that the bulkhead 21 can move the experimental chamber 1 along the length direction (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The OX-axis direction described in the figure is divided into at least three independent cabins 11.

[0126] Each drive motor 22 can be independently controlled by a switch. When the oil-rich coal burns out to form a burnout zone, the drive motor 22 controls the bulkhead plate 21 to rise, so that the combustion heat is transferred to the next cabin 11. The use of the bulkhead mechanism 2 does not affect the transfer of heat generated by the oil-rich coal. The switch of the experimental cabin 1 is connected to the control mechanism 9 through the signal control line of the bulkhead mechanism 2.

[0127] The bulkhead plate 21 can be raised and lowered. Specifically, the driving motor 22 works to drive the rotating shaft 23 to rotate. Since the upper end of the bulkhead plate 21 is rolled on the rotating shaft 23, the rotation of the rotating shaft 23 can drive the bulkhead plate 21 to be raised and lowered. After the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is pyrolyzed, the bulkhead plate 21 of the bulkhead mechanism 2 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11 is fully raised, and the combustion heat of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 provides heat for the pyrolysis and combustion of the semi-coke in the second cabin 11, and so on.

[0128] For example, two compartment mechanisms 2 divide the experimental chamber 1 into three independent chambers 11, three compartment mechanisms 2 divide the experimental chamber 1 into four independent chambers 11, four compartment mechanisms 2 divide the experimental chamber 1 into five independent chambers 11, and so on. Figure 1 The diagram shows a structure in which five compartment mechanisms 2 are inserted into the experimental compartment 1 to separate the experimental compartment 1 into six independent compartments 11 along the length direction, i.e., six mutually independent spaces. The compartment mechanisms 2 are equally spaced from each other, and the compartment mechanisms 2 have good thermal conductivity and sealing properties, and can withstand high temperatures.

[0129] The walls of the first cabin 11 and the last cabin 11 on both sides are respectively provided with an inlet 12 and an outlet 13. The inlet 12 is configured as an entrance for placing oil-rich coal into the experimental cabin 1, and the outlet 13 is configured as an outlet for outputting combustion waste. Figure 1In the diagram, the leftmost cabin 11 is the first cabin 11 , and the rightmost cabin 11 is the last cabin 11 .

[0130] A plurality of ventilation structures 24 are evenly distributed on each bulkhead 21. The ventilation structures 24 are configured to ventilate in one direction from inlet to outlet, and the ventilation volume of the ventilation structures 24 can be controlled by controlling the air pressure of the cabin 11 on both sides of the ventilation structures 24. The curtain-shaped bulkhead 21 may include a plurality of long strips, and the long sides of the plurality of long strips are connected in sequence. The ventilation structures 24 are generally arranged on the long strips.

[0131] like Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation structure 24 allows the combustion or pyrolysis gas product to flow unidirectionally from left to right, so that the gas generated by the combustion or pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is transported from the first cabin 11 to the second cabin 11, from the second cabin 11 to the third cabin 11, and so on to the last cabin 11 through the ventilation structure 24.

[0132] The ignition mechanism 3 is arranged in the first cabin 11. Figure 3 As shown, the ignition mechanism 3 includes a radiation heater 31, a thermal power controller 32 and a power data control line 33. The radiation heater 31 is in a planar shape and can heat the oil-rich coal evenly. The radiation heater 31 is connected to the thermal power controller 32, the thermal power controller 32 is connected to the power data control line 33, and the power data control line 33 is connected to the control mechanism 9. The thermal radiation power of the ignition mechanism 3 can be adjusted to 25Kw~60Kw, and the thermal radiation intensity can be adjusted to 20Kw / m 2 ~200Kw / m 2 .

[0133] A gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, a gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, a gas delivery control mechanism 6 and a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 are arranged in each cabin 11, so that the gas composition, gas pressure, temperature and humidity in each cabin 11 can be monitored in real time, and the real-time analysis of the gas composition generated at each stage of the whole process of self-heating of the oxidation of the oil-rich coal can be completed, the real-time monitoring and adjustment of the pressure in each cabin 11, the real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity, and the real-time monitoring of the reaction of the oil-rich coal in each cabin 11 can be completed, the influence of the combustion gas products of the oil-rich coal on the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is studied, the influence of the pyrolysis gas products of the oil-rich coal on the combustion reaction degree of the oil-rich coal is analyzed, and the heat transfer efficiency of the oil-rich coal under different working conditions is calculated. The gas concentration and gas pressure in each cabin 11 can be adjusted together by the gas delivery control mechanism 6 and the ventilation structure 24.

[0134] The oil-rich coal samples are evenly placed in each cabin 11. In actual operation, the bulkhead 21 is first raised, and after the oil-rich coal samples are placed in each cabin 11, the bulkhead 21 is lowered, so that each cabin 11 is provided with the oil-rich coal samples.

[0135] Oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% is provided to the first cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 provided in the first cabin 11, the ignition mechanism 3 is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11, and then the ignition mechanism 3 is turned off, and the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 burns. The gas in the first cabin 11 is delivered to the second cabin 11 through the ventilation structure 24 (the gas pressure in the first cabin 11 is controlled by the first gas delivery control mechanism 6 and the ventilation structure 24 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11), and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11 to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin 11 until it reaches the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal (the gas pressure in the second cabin 11 is discharged by the ventilation structure 24 on the bulkhead 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11, and the second cabin 11 is controlled by the ventilation structure 24 on the bulkhead 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11). The gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11 and the ventilation structure 24 on the bulkhead 21 of the third cabin 11 are jointly controlled) so that the second cabin 11 uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is delivered to the third cabin 11. After the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is completed, a certain amount of oxygen (the oxygen concentration is provided according to actual needs) is filled into the second cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11, so that the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is completed. The combustion of pyrolysis semi-coke provides heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11. (At this time, the partition plate 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11 can be raised to facilitate the transfer of heat in the first cabin 11 to the second cabin 11. Of course, the provided partition plate 21 does not affect the heat transfer between the cabins 11.) Then, the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is transported to the fourth cabin 11. After the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the third cabin 11 through the gas transport control mechanism 6 of the third cabin 11 (the oxygen concentration is determined according to actual needs). Provide), so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the fourth cabin 11 (at this time, the partition plate 21 between the second cabin 11 and the third cabin 11 can be raised to facilitate the transfer of heat from the second cabin 11 to the third cabin 11), and so on, the heat is transferred to the last cabin 11, so that the oil-rich coal in the last cabin 11 is pyrolyzed, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in each cabin 11 is used to provide heat energy for the pyrolysis of the next cabin 11, thereby realizing the rational utilization of resources and the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal.

[0136] The oil-gas separation and collection mechanism 8 is connected to the rear cabin 11, and can separate the coal tar from the gas in the pyrolysis gas of the oil-rich coal. Specifically, an exhaust hole is provided at the upper right position of the end surface of the rear cabin 11. Figure 4As shown, the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism 8 includes a gas transmission pipeline 81, an oil-gas separation structure 82, a coal tar collection structure 83, an oil level sensor, an oil quantity display 84, an oil quantity information transmission line 85 and an exhaust gas treatment structure 86. One end of the gas transmission pipeline 81 is connected to the exhaust hole of the rear cabin 11, and can collect the gas generated by the combustion of oil-rich coal and the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in the experimental cabin 1. The other end of the gas transmission pipeline 81 is connected to the oil-gas separation structure 82. The coal tar collection structure 83 and the exhaust gas treatment structure 86 are both connected to the oil-gas separation structure 82. The coal tar collection structure 83 is equipped with an oil level sensor, and the oil quantity display 84 is arranged on the coal tar collection structure 83, which can display the coal tar production in the coal tar collection device in real time. The oil quantity display 84 is electrically connected to the oil quantity information transmission line 85. The oil quantity information transmission line 85 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 9 to transmit the coal tar production to the control mechanism 9 in real time.

[0137] The gas transmission pipeline 81 is made of stainless steel, and the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism 8 has good sealing performance at the connection.

[0138] The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal provided in the embodiment of the present application is a large-scale physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal built on the ground, at least two compartment mechanisms 2 are arranged in the experimental cabin 1 so that the compartment plate 21 divides the experimental cabin 1 into at least three independent cabins 11 along the length direction, and the oxygen concentration and pressure of each cabin 11 can be controlled by the ventilation structure 24 and the gas delivery control mechanism 6 arranged on the compartment plate 21. The oil-rich coal sample is evenly placed in each cabin 11. An ignition mechanism 3 is provided in the first cabin 11, and oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% is provided to the first cabin 11 through a gas delivery control mechanism 6 provided in the first cabin 11. When the ignition mechanism 3 is ignited, the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 burns, and the gas in the first cabin 11 is delivered to the second cabin 11 through a ventilation structure 24. Nitrogen is provided to the second cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11 to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin 11 to a concentration that allows the oil-rich coal to be pyrolyzed by the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11. , then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is transported to the third cabin 11, and when the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin 11 through the gas transport control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11, and so on, the heat is transferred to the last cabin 11, so that the oil-rich coal in the last cabin 11 is pyrolyzed, and the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism 8 is connected to the last cabin 11, which can separate the coal tar from the gas in the pyrolysis gas of the oil-rich coal. The embodiment of the present application can simulate the combustion of oil-rich coal to provide heat for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is fully utilized to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the next cabin 11, which can reasonably utilize resources and increase the heat transfer efficiency, with high heat transfer efficiency and short heating time. A gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 and a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 are provided in each cabin 11, which can complete the real-time monitoring and analysis of the gas, temperature and humidity generated at each stage of the whole process of the self-heating of the oil-rich coal oxidation and the in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal, and obtain appropriate parameters. The experimental cabin 1 is filled with oil-rich coal from different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods, so that the combustion and pyrolysis characteristics of the oil-rich coal from different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods can be mastered and applied to actual underground working occasions.

[0139] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 As shown, the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a control mechanism 9.

[0140] The ignition mechanism 3 , the gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 , the gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5 , the gas delivery control mechanism 6 , the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 , the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8 and the compartment mechanism 2 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism 9 .

[0141] like Figure 5 As shown, each gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 includes a smoke hood 41, a hose, a water bath cooling structure 42, a flue gas analyzer 43 and a gas composition data transmission line 44. The smoke hood 41 is arranged at the upper part of the cabin 11, and the lower end of the smoke hood 41 is connected to one end of the hose. The gas collected by the smoke hood 41 has little effect on the gas pressure in the cabin 11. When the cabin 11 is pressurized, the air pressure in the cabin 11 will not be greatly affected by the exhaust of the smoke hood 41. Small holes are punched on the side wall of the cabin 11 to output the smoke collected by the smoke hood 41 through a hose, and the small holes have good sealing properties.

[0142] The hose spiral is arranged in the water bath cooling structure 42, and the other end is connected to the flue gas analyzer 43. The flue gas is cooled by the water bath cooling structure 42, so as to prevent the gas analyzer from being burned and affecting the accuracy of the measurement data. The flue gas analyzer 43 is connected to the gas composition data transmission line 44. The gas composition data transmission line 44 is connected to the control mechanism 9. Among them, the flue gas analyzer 43 includes O2 measurement module, CO measurement module and other gas modules that need to be measured, which can monitor the gas content data of O2, CO, CO2, H2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, SO2, NO2 and the like in real time, and the collected data is transmitted to the control mechanism 9 through the gas composition data transmission line 44. The gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 can analyze the influence of the pyrolysis gas of oil-rich coal on the combustion of oil-rich coal.

[0143] like Figure 6 As shown, each gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5 includes a gas pressure sensor 51 and a gas pressure data transmission line 52. The gas pressure sensor is placed in the cabin 11 through a hole punched from the outside of the cabin 11. The gas pressure sensor 51 is connected to the gas pressure data transmission line 52. A small hole is punched on the outer wall of the cabin 11, and the gas pressure data transmission line 52 passes through the small hole and is connected to the control mechanism 9. The small hole has good sealing. The gas pressure data transmission line 52 is routed from the outside of the cabin 11. The gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5 can collect the gas pressure data in each cabin 11 in real time, and the collected gas pressure data is transmitted to the control mechanism 9 through the gas pressure data transmission line 52. The gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5 is placed on the right side of the smoke hood 41, at a certain distance from the smoke hood 41, to prevent the smoke hood 41 from sucking air and affecting the parameters of the gas pressure sensor 51. The measurement range of the gas pressure sensor 51 is 0KPa~1000KPa, the measurement sensitivity is 45mV / KPa, and the measurement accuracy is 0.1%FS.

[0144] The gas delivery control mechanism 6 can configure nitrogen-oxygen mixtures of different concentrations of 0-100% according to demand, and intelligently control the nitrogen-oxygen mixtures of different concentrations to be delivered to each cabin 11, so as to provide a gas environment for the self-heating of the oxidation of the oil-rich coal and the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal, and increase the gas pressure in the cabin 11. Different concentrations of oxygen and environmental pressure will cause different combustion intensities of the oil-rich coal, and thus different heat generation, and also different degrees of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal. When the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone is too high, the pyrolysis zone can reduce the oxygen concentration by introducing pure nitrogen to dilute the oxygen.

[0145] like Figure 7 As shown, the gas delivery control mechanism 6 includes a nitrogen cylinder 61, an oxygen cylinder 62, a gas dynamic proportioning structure 63, an intelligent control valve 64, a valve data control line 65, a gas delivery pipe 66, and a gas delivery rack 67. The nitrogen cylinder 61 and the oxygen cylinder 62 are respectively connected to the corresponding input ports of the gas dynamic proportioning structure 63, and one end of the gas delivery pipe 66 is connected to the output port of the gas dynamic proportioning structure 63. The gas delivery rack 67 includes a plurality of hollow rods, and a plurality of gas outlets are arranged on the rod wall. One end of the plurality of hollow rods is connected to the other end of the gas delivery pipe 66. The other end of the gas delivery pipe 66 and the plurality of gas delivery racks 67 are all arranged in the cabin 11, so that the gas can quickly fill the entire cabin 11. The remaining components of the gas delivery control mechanism 6 are all hung on the outer wall of the cabin 11. The intelligent control valve 64 is arranged on the gas delivery pipe 66. The intelligent control valve 64 can intelligently control the gas flow rate, and can also pressurize the gas in different spaces in the cabin 11. The valve data control line 65 is connected to the intelligent control valve 64 , the gas proportioning control line 68 is connected to the gas dynamic proportioning structure 63 , and both the valve data control line 65 and the gas proportioning control line 68 are connected to the control mechanism 9 .

[0146] like Figure 8 As shown, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 includes a temperature and humidity sensor 71 and a temperature and humidity data transmission line 72. The temperature and humidity sensor 71 is connected to the temperature and humidity data transmission line 72. The temperature and humidity data transmission line 72 is connected to the control mechanism 9. The temperature and humidity data in each cabin 11 collected by the temperature and humidity sensor 71 is transmitted to the control mechanism 9 through the temperature and humidity data transmission line 72.

[0147] The temperature and humidity sensor 71 is inside the experimental cabin 1. A small hole is punched on the outer wall of the cabin 11. The temperature and humidity data transmission line 72 passes through the small hole to transmit the temperature and humidity information to the control mechanism 9 outside the cabin 11. The small hole has good sealing. The temperature and humidity data transmission line 72 is routed from the outside of the cabin 11. The temperature and humidity data transmission line 72 transmits the collected temperature and humidity data to the control mechanism 9. The control mechanism 9 can calculate the heat transfer efficiency and reaction rate. Further, if Figure 1As shown, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanisms 7 are all placed on the same side of the experimental cabin 1. There are 54 temperature and humidity sensors 71 in total. Nine temperature and humidity sensors 71 are placed in each cabin 11. The temperature and humidity sensors 71 in each cabin 11 are divided into three rows with a longitudinal distance of 0.3m. Three sensors are placed in each row with a lateral distance of 0.2m. The temperature and humidity of each spatial position in the cabin 11 can be collected in real time, and the heat transfer efficiency in the cabin 11 can be calculated based on the temperature.

[0148] like Fig. 9 As shown, the control mechanism 9 includes a display screen 91, a computer module 92 and a data input interface 93. The data input interface 93 can centrally transmit the data of the gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7, the gas delivery control mechanism 6, the ignition mechanism 3, the video and audio monitoring mechanism 10, the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8 and the compartment mechanism 2 in the cabin 11 to the computer module 92.

[0149] The computer module 92 of the control mechanism 9 has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software. The virtual platform can collect the lifting data of the bulkhead 21 in each cabin 11, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform (the virtual platform displays the data information on the display), and the virtual platform transmits the data to the simulation analysis software. According to the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal, the oxygen concentration and the cabin pressure at different spatial positions in the experimental cabin 1 are controlled, and the intensity of the self-heating of the oxygen in the oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are adjusted to achieve the effect of the oxidation self-heating of the oil-rich coal to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal, and at the same time, the environmental conditions for the best pyrolysis coal tar production can be studied. Through the simulation analysis software in the computer control system, a set of methods suitable for the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal by self-heating of underground oil-rich coal is explored, which provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the engineering, industrialization and scale development of low-carbon and safe development of oil-rich coal resources.

[0150] Optionally, the virtual platform can also collect the data of the opening size of the ventilation structure 24 in each cabin 11 into the virtual platform, and the virtual platform transmits the data to the simulation analysis software. Fig.11As shown, there is a scale on the ventilation structure 24 for measuring the size of the opening of the ventilation structure 24, and a high temperature resistant camera (the camera can also be covered with heat insulation cotton) is arranged in the cabin 11. The camera takes an image and transmits it to the virtual platform, and the size scale of the opening of the ventilation structure 24 on the image is read to obtain the size data of the opening of the ventilation structure 24. Alternatively, the size of the opening when the ventilation structure 24 is fully opened is measured by the scale as the maximum scale range, and the pressure regulated in the cabin 11 on both sides of the ventilation structure 24 is known at this time, and the size of the opening when the ventilation structure 24 is fully closed is measured by the scale as the minimum scale range, and the pressure regulated in the cabin 11 on both sides of the ventilation structure 24 is known at this time, and the pressure of the cabin 11 on both sides of the ventilation structure 24 is regulated according to the ratio to regulate the size of the opening of the ventilation structure 24 and obtain the size data of the opening of the ventilation structure 24.

[0151] The real-time data in each cabin 11 can be accurately reflected on the display screen 91 through the digital twin method, realizing the visualization of the experimental cabin 1. The virtual platform can also divide each cabin 11 into a burnout zone, a combustion zone, a pyrolysis zone, and an unburned zone according to the reaction process of the oil-rich coal in each cabin 11. These four areas change dynamically according to the reaction process.

[0152] The simulation analysis software includes functions such as data processing and command sending. It can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data in each cabin 11, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. At the same time, the command sending software can process the feedback information in a timely manner according to actual needs, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism 3 according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs (at the same time, it can record information such as the ignition time of each oil-rich coal), and control the gas delivery control mechanism 6 to adjust the oxygen concentration of each cabin 11, the gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead 21. After the control adjustment, the cabin 11 performs the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again, and the virtual platform collects the data in the cabin 11 (the lifting data of the bulkhead 21, the gas composition data, the gas pressure data, the temperature and humidity data, and the audio and video data) and the coal tar production data digital twin to the virtual platform again, and repeats this cycle, and continuously performs feedback and adjustment to ensure that the combustion and pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are within the optimal environmental range until the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal reaches the optimal oil yield. The gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data of each cabin 11 are recorded at this time, and self-heating in situ pyrolysis experiments of oil-rich coal in different regions, different coal formation periods and different metamorphic degrees are carried out. The optimal environmental parameters are recorded to form a text library, and a text library of optimal parameters for pyrolysis and combustion of oil-rich coal is formed.

[0153] The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal also includes an audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10. An audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 is provided in each cabin 11. The audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 is placed in the upper left corner of the inner cavity of the cabin 11, specifically, on the left side of the temperature and humidity sensor 71. The audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 9.

[0154] The cabin panels on both sides are made of tempered transparent glass and can provide a certain amount of light for the audio and video monitoring mechanism 10.

[0155] The simulation analysis software also performs real-time analysis based on the audio and video data and coal tar production data collected in each cabin 11, and predicts the combustion and pyrolysis degree of oil-rich coal, and then controls the ignition power of the ignition mechanism 3 and the gas delivery control mechanism 6 to adjust the oxygen concentration and gas pressure of each cabin 11 according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual demand. After the control adjustment, the cabin 11 performs the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again, and feedback and adjustment are continuously performed until the state of the best pyrolysis oil yield of the oil-rich coal is reached, and the audio and video data and coal tar production data of each cabin 11 are recorded at this time.

[0156] The average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the combustion of oil-rich coal is related to the degree of damage and rupture inside the oil-rich coal, and the degree of damage and rupture is related to the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal. Therefore, the combustion sound generated when the oil-rich coal is burning can be used to judge the combustion temperature and state of the oil-rich coal. Fig.10 As shown, the video and audio monitoring mechanism 10 includes a camera 101 and a microphone 102 .

[0157] The microphone 102 is configured to obtain the initial signal frequency of the acoustic emission of the oil-rich coal, the average signal frequency of the acoustic emission during the heating and combustion of the oil-rich coal, and invert the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal in the cabin 11 through the relationship formula between the acoustic emission signal frequency and the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal, wherein the relationship formula is:

[0158] (1),

[0159] Where f is the average signal frequency of acoustic emission during the heating and combustion of oil-rich coal, f0 is the initial signal frequency of acoustic emission of oil-rich coal, λ is the correction coefficient of the received signal frequency changing with the temperature of oil-rich coal, and T is the combustion temperature of oil-rich coal.

[0160] The correction coefficient and the initial frequency of the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal are determined by the relationship formula between the acoustic emission signal frequency and the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal in different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different occurrence conditions. The temperature T of the oil-rich coal can be inverted by measuring the average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the heating process of the oil-rich coal.

[0161] like Fig.10As shown, the audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 also includes an anti-high temperature shield and an audio-visual data transmission line 103. The anti-high temperature shield is arranged on the outside of the camera 101 and can withstand high temperature. The camera 101 has a built-in infrared lamp and a thermal imaging function, which can monitor the heat distribution inside the cabin 11. The outside of the microphone 102 is a ceramic package that can withstand a temperature of 1500°C. The frequency response range of the microphone 102 is 1Khz~20Khz, and the sensitivity is 50mV / Pa. The camera 101 and the microphone 102 are an integrated device. The audio-visual data transmission line 103 transmits the information monitored by the camera 101 and the microphone 102 to the control mechanism 9, which has software for analyzing thermal imaging and changes in acoustic wave signals during the combustion and pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0162] The embodiment of the present invention intelligently monitors the temperature and humidity, gas pressure, combustion and pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in each cabin 11 through the control mechanism 9, intelligently controls the radiation heating power, oxygen concentration and gas pressure in each cabin 11, and intelligently adjusts according to actual needs. The combustion and pyrolysis characteristics of oil-rich coal in different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods will vary, and the gas composition and gas pressure will affect its reaction process. The experimental device using the embodiment of the present invention can grasp the impact of the combustion gas of oil-rich coal on the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and calculate the heat transfer rate under different working conditions.

[0163] The control mechanism 9 is used to control the oxygen concentration distribution and local pressure of each cabin 11 in the experimental device, control the change of the combustion gas product of the oil-rich coal, calculate the heat transfer efficiency under different working conditions, form a data text library for the optimal environmental parameters for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in different regions, different storage conditions, and different coal-forming periods, master the various parameter settings of the self-heating in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the production of coal tar by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and simulate the self-heating in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal by the experimental device on the ground, thereby providing a theoretical basis and basis for the self-heating in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal underground.

[0164] The audio and video data in each cabin 11 are twinned to the virtual platform of the experimental cabin 1 in the computer control system. According to the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal, the oxygen concentration and cabin pressure at different spatial positions in the experimental cabin 1 are controlled, and the intensity of oxygen self-heating of the oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are adjusted to achieve the effect of the oxidation self-heating of the oil-rich coal providing heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal. At the same time, the optimal environmental conditions for the yield of pyrolytic coal tar can be studied.

[0165] The microphone 102 in the audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 can collect the changes in the acoustic emission signal during the heating process of the oil-rich coal. The audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10 transmits the data to the control mechanism 9 through the data line. The control mechanism 9 can perform intelligent analysis on the acoustic emission signal, analyze the relationship between the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal and the oil-rich coal environment (temperature, humidity, gas pressure), and then predict the combustion condition of the pyrolysis semi-coke of the oil-rich coal.

[0166] The control mechanism 9 can record the experimental data of each time, compare and analyze all parameter changes of the self-generated in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods, find similar rules therein, and form a technical system for the self-generated in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, thereby providing a theoretical basis and parameter support for the self-generated in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in underground oil-rich coal.

[0167] Through the simulation analysis software in the control mechanism 9, a set of methods suitable for the self-heating and in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in underground oil-rich coal was explored and a text library of experimental optimal environmental parameters was formed. The control parameters obtained from the study can provide a theoretical basis and basis for the self-heating and in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal in underground oil-rich coal, and thus provide support for the engineering, industrialization and large-scale low-carbon and safe development of oil-rich coal resources.

[0168] Furthermore, if Fig.11 As shown, the ventilation structure 24 includes a clamp ring 221 and a movable leaf 222. There are multiple movable leaves 222, and each movable leaf 222 includes a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment and a fourth arc segment arranged in sequence. The first arc segments of the multiple movable leaves 222 are arranged on the inner wall of the clamp ring 221, and the whole forms a circle. The surfaces of two adjacent movable leaves 222 are partially overlapped. The third arc segments of the multiple movable leaves 222 are assembled into a circle. A mounting hole is provided on the bulkhead 21, and the clamp ring 221 is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0169] When the cavity pressure on the left side of the ventilation structure 24 is greater than the cavity pressure on the right side, the movable leaves 222 of the ventilation structure 24 are subjected to a rightward force, causing the movable leaves 222 to slightly rotate around the center, and the movable leaves 222 are expanded or retracted, so that the third arc segments of multiple movable leaves 222 form a circular diameter change, that is, the aperture of the ventilation hole changes.

[0170] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 is placed in each cabin 11, including nine temperature and humidity sensors 71. The nine temperature and humidity sensors 71 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin 11 is:

[0171] Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in the middle is (m, n), and the temperature collected by the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in the middle is T m,n , then the temperature data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in the cabin 11 is:

[0172] (2),

[0173] In the horizontal direction (such as Figure 8 As shown, the temperature difference in the OX axis direction is:

[0174] (3),

[0175] In the longitudinal direction (such as Figure 8 As shown, the temperature difference in the OY axis direction is:

[0176] (4),

[0177] The calculated temperature gradient in the lateral direction is:

[0178] (5),

[0179] Wherein, d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors 71 along the lateral direction;

[0180] The calculated temperature gradient in the longitudinal direction is:

[0181] (6),

[0182] Wherein, r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors 71 along the longitudinal direction;

[0183] Using Fourier's law, the heat flux in the transverse direction is:

[0184] (7),

[0185] In the formula, q x is the heat flux density in the transverse direction, and k is the thermal conductivity of oil-rich coal.

[0186] The heat flux in the longitudinal direction is:

[0187] (8),

[0188] In the formula, q y is the heat flux density along the longitudinal direction.

[0189] Using Fourier's law, the heat flux at point (m, n) can be approximated as:

[0190] (9),

[0191] Substituting the approximate value for the temperature gradient, we obtain:

[0192] (10),

[0193] Calculate the total heat transfer rate Q.

[0194] (11),

[0195] In the formula, q x,y is the heat flux at the point (x, y).

[0196] That is, to obtain the total heat transfer rate Q in the entire area, it is necessary to integrate the heat flux density in the entire area. In the discrete case, it can be approximated by summing the heat flux densities of different grid points in the area.

[0197] Optionally, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 is placed in each cabin 11, including nine temperature and humidity sensors 71. The nine temperature and humidity sensors 71 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin 11 is:

[0198] Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in the middle is (m, n), and the relative humidity collected by the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in the middle is RH m,n , then the relative humidity data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 71 in each cabin 11 is:

[0199] (12),

[0200] In the horizontal direction (such as Figure 8 As shown, the relative humidity difference in the OX axis direction is:

[0201] (13),

[0202] In the longitudinal direction (such as Figure 8 As shown, the relative humidity difference in the OY axis direction is:

[0203] (14),

[0204] The calculated relative humidity gradient in the lateral direction is:

[0205] (15),

[0206] Wherein, d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors 71 along the lateral direction;

[0207] The calculated relative humidity gradient in the longitudinal direction is:

[0208] (16),

[0209] Wherein, r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors 71 in the longitudinal direction;

[0210] The changes of relative humidity of oil-rich coal in the transverse and longitudinal directions are:

[0211] (17),

[0212] (18),

[0213] In the formula, (19),

[0214] (20),

[0215] (twenty one),

[0216] Where W is the heat transfer rate of oil-rich coal calculated by humidity. A·B is a three-by-three-order matrix.

[0217] During the pyrolysis and drying process of oil-rich coal, the change in relative humidity in the voids can reflect the change in moisture content, thereby indirectly affecting the heat transfer rate. The moisture in oil-rich coal exists in two states: combined water and free water. Free moisture refers to the water adsorbed in the internal pores and external surface of oil-rich coal, and the water combined with oil-rich coal through physical state, including internal moisture and external moisture. Combined water and free water jointly affect the relative humidity of the air in the voids of the loose coal body of oil-rich coal. However, as the temperature of oil-rich coal gradually increases, at about 80℃~90℃, the free water in the oil-rich coal will gradually evaporate. As the temperature continues to rise, the combined water inside the oil-rich coal begins to evaporate. When the temperature reaches about 120℃, the internal moisture in the oil-rich coal is completely evaporated, and the relative humidity of the gas in the voids of the loose coal body of oil-rich coal will gradually drop to 0. Therefore, the heat transfer rate of oil-rich coal calculated by humidity is only applicable to the pyrolysis front of oil-rich coal (when the temperature is lower than 120℃ or the relative humidity is not 0). Calculate the heat transfer rate of oil-rich coal using humidity (only applicable to the pyrolysis front of oil-rich coal, that is, when the temperature is lower).

[0218] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a physical similarity simulation experimental method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, based on the above-mentioned physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, comprising:

[0219] Power on the compartment partition mechanism 2, the ignition mechanism 3, the gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, the gas delivery control mechanism 6, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 and the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8, check whether the experimental device is working normally, and check the air tightness of the experimental compartment 1 and each compartment body 11.

[0220] Oil-rich coal is placed in the experimental cabin 1, and the stacking height exceeds two-thirds of the height of the cabin body 11. The cabin board 21 of the cabin partition mechanism 2 is lowered, so that the cabin board 21 divides the experimental cabin 1 into at least three independent cabin bodies 11 in the extension direction. The oil-rich coal is taken from the Shenfu Xinmin mining area of ​​the Jurassic coalfield in northern Shaanxi, and is crushed by a jaw crusher and placed in each cabin body 11 of the experimental cabin 1.

[0221] Open the control mechanism 9, the audio-visual monitoring mechanism 10, the gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7, the gas delivery control mechanism 6, and the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism 8 in sequence.

[0222] The gas delivery control mechanism 6 provided in the first cabin 11 provides oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% into the first cabin 11, the ignition mechanism 3 is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11, and then the ignition mechanism 3 is turned off, and the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 burns. Specifically, the thermal radiation power of the ignition mechanism 3 is modulated to 30KW / m 2 , adjust the size of the thermal radiation power according to actual needs until the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 is heated and ignited (the air pressure in the first cabin 11 is jointly controlled by the ventilation structure 24 on the bulkhead 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11 to exhaust gas and the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the first cabin 11).

[0223] The gas in the first cabin 11 is transported to the second cabin 11 through the ventilation structure 24, and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11 to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin 11 until the concentration of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis is reached. (The gas pressure in the second cabin 11 is adjusted by the ventilation structure 24 on the bulkhead 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11, the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11, and the bulkhead 21 between the second cabin 11 and the third cabin 11. The ventilation structure 24 is controlled together with the ventilation structure 24 of the second cabin 11, so that the second cabin 11 uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin 11 to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is transported to the third cabin 11. After the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is completed, a certain amount of oxygen (the oxygen concentration is provided according to actual needs) is filled into the second cabin 11 through the gas delivery control mechanism 6 of the second cabin 11, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin 11 is burned to the third cabin 11. The oil-rich coal in the first and second cabins 11 is pyrolyzed to provide heat (at this time, the bulkhead 21 between the first cabin 11 and the second cabin 11 can be raised to facilitate the heat transfer in the first cabin 11 to the second cabin 11), and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is transported to the fourth cabin 11. After the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is completed, oxygen is filled into the third cabin 11 through the gas transport control mechanism 6 of the third cabin 11 (the oxygen concentration is provided according to actual needs), so that the oil-rich coal in the third cabin 11 is heated to a high temperature. The pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil coal is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the fourth compartment 11 (at this time, the partition plate 21 between the second compartment 11 and the third compartment 11 can be raised to facilitate the transfer of heat in the second compartment 11 to the third compartment 11), and so on. The heat is transferred to the last compartment 11 to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal in the last compartment 11, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in each compartment 11 is used to provide heat energy for the pyrolysis of the next compartment 11, thereby realizing the rational use of resources.

[0224] The computer module 92 of the control mechanism 9 has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software. The virtual platform can digitally twin the collected lifting data of the bulkhead 21 in each cabin 11, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform, and display them on the display screen 91. The virtual platform can also divide each cabin 11 into a burnout zone, a combustion zone, a pyrolysis zone, and an unburned zone according to the reaction process of the oil-rich coal in each cabin 11. These four areas change dynamically according to the reaction process.

[0225] The simulation analysis software includes functions such as data processing and command sending. It can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected lifting data of the bulkhead 21 in each cabin 11, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data, and coal tar production data, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. At the same time, the command sending software can process the feedback information in a timely manner according to actual needs, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism 3 according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs (at the same time, it can record information such as the ignition time of each oil-rich coal), and control the gas delivery control mechanism 6 to adjust the oxygen concentration of each cabin 11, the gas pressure (the adjustment of the gas pressure can adjust the opening size of the ventilation structure 24) and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead 21. After the control adjustment, the cabin 11 performs the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again (the temperature of the pyrolysis area of ​​the oil-rich coal is controlled to be 450°C~600°C, and the oxygen concentration is <2%). The virtual platform collects the information in the cabin 11 again (the lifting data of the bulkhead 21, the gas composition data, the gas pressure data, the temperature and humidity data, and the audio and video data) and the coal tar production information digital twin to the virtual platform, and repeats this cycle, and continuously performs feedback and adjustment to ensure that the combustion and pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are within the optimal environmental range until the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal reaches the best oil yield. The gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data and coal tar production data of each cabin 11 are recorded at this time, and self-heating in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal experiments are carried out in different regions, different coal-forming periods, and different metamorphic degrees. The optimal environmental parameters are recorded to form a text library, and a text library of optimal parameters for pyrolysis and combustion of oil-rich coal is formed, providing relevant environmental parameter support for self-heating in situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0226] The gas generated by the combustion of oil-rich coal and the gas generated by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal are transported to the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8, which separates the coal tar, displays the collected oil amount on the oil amount display 84, and transmits the coal tar production data to the control mechanism 9.

[0227] After the experiment is over, turn off the gas delivery control mechanism 6, gas composition monitoring mechanism 4, gas pressure monitoring mechanism 5, temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7, audio and video monitoring mechanism 10, oil and gas separation and collection mechanism 8 and control mechanism 9 in sequence. Open the experimental cabin 1, raise all the compartment plates 21 of the compartment mechanism 2, take out the remaining materials of the experiment, and clean the experimental cabin 1.

[0228] The physical similarity simulation experimental method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal provided in the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the combustion of oil-rich coal to provide heat for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. The pyrolysis semi-coke produced by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is fully utilized to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the next cabin 11, which can reasonably utilize resources and increase the heat transfer efficiency. The heat transfer efficiency is high and the heating time is short. A gas composition monitoring mechanism 4 and a temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism 7 are set in each cabin 11, which can complete the real-time monitoring and analysis of the gas generated at each stage of the whole process of in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal by oxidation of oil-rich coal, and obtain appropriate parameters. Oil-rich coal from different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods is placed in the experimental cabin 1, which can grasp the combustion and pyrolysis characteristics of oil-rich coal from different regions, different metamorphic degrees and different coal-forming periods, and apply it to actual underground working occasions.

[0229] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ pyrolysis method for oil-rich coal, based on the above-mentioned in-situ pyrolysis physical similarity simulation experimental device for oil-rich coal, comprising:

[0230] The actual underground oil-rich and coal-rich area is made into an actual cabin by injecting filling materials (such as mud). The sealing, high temperature resistance and pressure bearing capacity of the actual cabin need to be considered.

[0231] At least two actual compartment partition mechanisms are arranged in the actual compartment, so that the actual compartment partition mechanisms can separate the actual compartment into at least three independent actual compartment bodies along the length direction.

[0232] Actual hatch entrances and actual hatch exits are respectively arranged on the bulkheads of the first actual cabin and the last actual cabin on both sides. The actual hatch entrance is configured as an entrance for placing oil-rich coal into the actual cabin, and the actual hatch exit is configured as an outlet for outputting combustion waste.

[0233] A plurality of actual ventilation structures are evenly arranged on the actual compartment plate of each actual compartment mechanism, and the actual ventilation structures are all configured to ventilate in one direction from inlet to outlet. Meanwhile, the structural shape of the actual ventilation structure is consistent with the structural shape of the ventilation structure 24 .

[0234] The actual ignition mechanism is arranged in the first actual cabin, and the structural shape of the actual ignition mechanism is consistent with the structural shape of the ignition mechanism 3.

[0235] A real gas delivery control mechanism is arranged in each real cabin, and the structural shape of the real gas delivery control mechanism is consistent with the structural shape of the gas delivery control mechanism 6, and a plurality of real hollow rods of the real gas delivery frame extend to the interior of each real cabin.

[0236] Oil-rich coal is evenly placed in each actual compartment and artificial fractures are induced in the oil-rich coal.

[0237] Based on the ignition power of the ignition mechanism 3 at the optimal state of oil yield of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal measured by the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the oxygen concentration of the cabin 11 of each experimental cabin 1 adjusted by the gas delivery control mechanism 6, the gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead 21 are guided and adjusted so that oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% is provided to the first actual cabin through the actual gas delivery control mechanism arranged in the first actual cabin, the actual ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin, and then the actual ignition mechanism is closed, and the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin burns. The gas in the first actual cabin is transported to the second actual cabin through the actual ventilation structure (the gas pressure in the first actual cabin is jointly controlled by the first actual gas transport control mechanism and the actual ventilation structure between the first actual cabin and the second actual cabin), and nitrogen is provided to the second actual cabin through the actual gas transport control mechanism of the second actual cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second actual cabin until the concentration of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is reached, so that the second actual cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal (the gas pressure in the second actual cabin is discharged by the actual ventilation structure on the actual bulkhead between the first actual cabin and the second actual cabin, and the second actual cabin is controlled by the actual ventilation structure on the actual bulkhead between the first actual cabin and the second actual cabin. The actual gas delivery control mechanism of the actual cabin, the actual ventilation structure on the actual bulkhead of the second actual cabin and the third actual cabin are jointly controlled), and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is delivered to the third actual cabin. After the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen (the oxygen concentration is provided according to actual demand) is filled into the second actual cabin through the actual gas delivery control mechanism of the second actual cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third actual cabin, and so on. The heat is transferred to the last actual cabin all the time, so that the oil-rich coal in the last actual cabin is pyrolyzed.

[0238] The actual cabin at the end is connected to the actual oil and gas separation and collection mechanism on the ground through an exhaust pipe.

[0239] The actual compartment mechanism, the actual ignition mechanism, the actual gas delivery control mechanism and the actual oil-gas separation and collection mechanism are electrically connected to the actual control module on the ground.

[0240] The in-situ pyrolysis method of oil-rich coal provided in the embodiment of the present invention is for oil-rich coal in different specific areas. The thermal radiation power, oxygen concentration and gas pressure of the actual ignition mechanism are adjusted by the actual control mechanism on the ground. The pyrolysis combustion parameters of the oil-rich coal, such as the optimal gas concentration and pressure of the oil-rich coal, are calculated based on the "physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal". The pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the actual underground working environment is regulated and controlled, so that the semi-coke combustion of the underground oil-rich coal pyrolysis provides heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal, thereby achieving the goal of in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal and realizing rational utilization of resources.

[0241] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0242] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, characterized in that: include: Experimental cabin, compartment mechanism, ignition mechanism, gas composition monitoring mechanism, gas pressure monitoring mechanism, gas delivery control mechanism, temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism and oil and gas separation and collection mechanism; The said compartment mechanism comprises at least two; each of the said compartment mechanisms comprises a compartment plate, a driving motor and a rotating shaft; at least two of the said driving motors are arranged on the outer wall of the said experimental compartment; at least two of the said rotating shafts are parallel to the width direction of the said experimental compartment and are arranged at intervals, and one end of the said rotating shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the said driving motor at the corresponding position; the said compartment plate is in the shape of a rolling curtain, has good thermal conductivity, and the upper end is rolled on one of the said rotating shafts, so that after the said compartment plate is lowered, the said experimental compartment is respectively divided into at least three independent compartments along the length direction; The bulkheads of the first and last hulls on both sides are respectively provided with hatch entrances and hatch exits, wherein the hatch entrances are configured as entrances for placing oil-rich coal into the experimental cabin, and the hatch exits are configured as exits for outputting combustion waste; A plurality of ventilation structures are evenly distributed on each of the bulkheads, and the ventilation structures are configured to ventilate in one direction from inlet to outlet; The ignition mechanism is arranged in the first cabin; The gas composition monitoring mechanism, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism, the gas delivery control mechanism and the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism are arranged in each of the cabins; Evenly placing oil-rich coal samples in each of the chambers; The gas delivery control mechanism provided in the first cabin is used to provide oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% into the first cabin, the ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin, and then the ignition mechanism is turned off to allow the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to burn; the gas in the first cabin is delivered to the second cabin through the ventilation structure, and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin until the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal is reached, so that the second cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is delivered to the third cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin through the gas delivery control mechanism of the second cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin, and so on, the heat is transferred to the last cabin all the way to cause the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the last cabin; The oil and gas separation and collection mechanism is communicated with the rear cabin.

2. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes control agencies; The control mechanism includes a computer module; The ignition mechanism, the gas composition monitoring mechanism, the gas pressure monitoring mechanism, the gas delivery control mechanism, the temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism, the oil and gas separation and collection mechanism, and the compartment mechanism are all electrically connected to the control mechanism; The computer module has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software. The virtual platform can digitally twin the collected lifting data of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform, and the virtual platform transmits the data to the simulation analysis software; The simulation analysis software can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data in each of the cabins, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs, control the gas delivery control mechanism to adjust the oxygen concentration, gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead of each cabin, control the cabin after adjustment to perform the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again until the optimal state of pyrolysis oil yield of the oil-rich coal is reached, and record the gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data and coal tar production data of each cabin at this time.

3. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes audio and video surveillance agencies; The audio-visual monitoring mechanism is arranged in each cabin; The video and audio monitoring mechanism is electrically connected to the control mechanism; The simulation analysis software also performs real-time analysis based on the audio and video data and coal tar production data collected in each of the cabins, and predicts the degree of combustion and pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal.

4. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The video and audio monitoring mechanism includes a camera and a microphone; The microphone is configured to obtain the initial frequency of the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal, the average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the heating and combustion of the oil-rich coal, and invert the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal in the cabin through the relationship formula between the acoustic emission signal frequency and the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal, wherein the relationship formula is: （1）， Where f is the average frequency of the acoustic emission signal during the heating and combustion of the oil-rich coal, f0 is the initial frequency of the acoustic emission signal of the oil-rich coal, λ is the correction coefficient of the received signal frequency changing with the temperature of the oil-rich coal, and T is the combustion temperature of the oil-rich coal.

5. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ventilation structure includes a clamp ring and movable leaves; There are multiple movable leaves, each of which includes a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment and a fourth arc segment that are arranged in sequence; The first arc segments of the plurality of movable leaves are arranged on the inner wall of the clamp ring to form a circle as a whole; The surfaces of two adjacent movable leaves are partially overlapped; The third arc segments of the plurality of movable leaves are assembled into a circle; The bulkhead plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the clamp ring is arranged in the mounting hole.

6. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism is placed in each cabin and includes nine temperature and humidity sensors; The nine temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in a 3×3 array; The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin is: Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is (m, n), and the temperature collected by the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is T m,n , then the temperature data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor in each cabin is: （2）， The temperature difference in the transverse direction is: （3）， The temperature difference in the longitudinal direction is: （4）， The calculated temperature gradient in the lateral direction is: （5）， Wherein, d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the lateral direction; The calculated temperature gradient in the longitudinal direction is: （6）， Wherein, r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the longitudinal direction; Using Fourier's law, the heat flux in the transverse direction is: （7）， In the formula, q x is the heat flux density in the transverse direction, k is the thermal conductivity of oil-rich coal; The heat flux in the longitudinal direction is: （8）， In the formula, q y is the heat flux density along the longitudinal direction; Using Fourier's law, the heat flux at point (m, n) can be approximated as: （9）， Substituting the approximate value for the temperature gradient, we obtain: （10）， Calculate the total heat transfer rate Q; （11）， In the formula, q x,y is the heat flux at the point (x, y).

7. The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism is placed in each cabin and includes nine temperature and humidity sensors; The nine temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in a 3×3 array; The heat transfer rate calculation method in each cabin is: Assume that the coordinate point of the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is (m, n), and the relative humidity collected by the temperature and humidity sensor in the middle is RH m,n , then the relative humidity data matrix measured by the temperature and humidity sensor in each cabin is: （12）， The relative humidity difference in the transverse direction is: （13）， The relative humidity difference in the longitudinal direction is: （14）， The calculated relative humidity gradient in the lateral direction is: （15）， Where d is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the lateral direction; The calculated relative humidity gradient in the longitudinal direction is: （16）， Where r is the distance between the temperature and humidity sensors along the longitudinal direction; The changes of relative humidity of oil-rich coal in the transverse and longitudinal directions are: （17）， （18）， In the formula, (19), （20）， （21）， Where W is the heat transfer rate of oil-rich coal calculated by relative humidity; A·B is a three-by-three-order matrix.

8. A physical similarity simulation experimental method for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, characterized in that: The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: Placing oil-rich coal in the experimental cabin, lowering the bulkhead of the bulkhead mechanism, so that the bulkhead divides the experimental cabin into at least three independent cabins in the extension direction thereof; Open the control mechanism, audio and video monitoring mechanism, gas composition monitoring mechanism, gas pressure monitoring mechanism, temperature and humidity monitoring mechanism, gas delivery control mechanism, and oil and gas separation and collection mechanism in sequence; The gas delivery control mechanism provided in the first cabin provides oxygen with a concentration of 19% to 21% into the first cabin, an ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first cabin, and then the ignition mechanism is turned off to allow the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to burn; The gas in the first cabin is transported to the second cabin through the ventilation structure of the compartment mechanism, and nitrogen is provided to the second cabin through the gas transport control mechanism of the second cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second cabin until the concentration of pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is reached, so that the second cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is transported to the third cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second cabin through the gas transport control mechanism of the second cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third cabin, and so on, the heat is transmitted to the last cabin all the way, so that the oil-rich coal in the last cabin is pyrolyzed; The computer module has a built-in virtual platform and simulation analysis software, and the virtual platform can digitally twin the collected data on the lifting and lowering of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data, and coal tar production data into the virtual platform; The simulation analysis software can perform real-time simulation analysis based on the collected lifting data of the bulkheads in each cabin, gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data and coal tar production data, and predict the combustion of oil-rich coal and the degree of pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and then control the ignition power of the ignition mechanism according to the chemical reaction degree of the oil-rich coal and actual needs, and control the gas delivery control mechanism to adjust the oxygen concentration, gas pressure and lifting of the bulkheads in each cabin; control the cabin after adjustment to perform the pyrolysis and combustion reaction of the oil-rich coal again until the state of the best pyrolysis oil yield of the oil-rich coal is reached, and record the gas composition data, gas pressure data, temperature and humidity data, audio and video data and coal tar production data of each cabin at this time; The gas generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal and the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are transported to the oil-gas separation and collection mechanism, which separates the coal tar and transmits the coal tar production data to the control mechanism.

9. An in-situ pyrolysis method for oil-rich coal, characterized in that: The physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: The actual underground oil- and coal-rich area is made into an actual chamber by injecting filling materials; At least two actual compartment partition mechanisms are arranged in the actual compartment, so that the actual compartment partition mechanisms can separate the actual compartment into at least three independent actual compartment bodies along the length direction; The bulkheads of the first actual cabin and the last actual cabin on both sides are respectively provided with actual hatch entrances and actual hatch exits, wherein the actual hatch entrances are configured as entrances for placing oil-rich coal into the actual cabin, and the actual hatch exits are configured as exits for outputting combustion waste; A plurality of actual ventilation structures are evenly distributed on the actual bulkhead plate of each actual bulkhead mechanism, and the actual ventilation structures are all configured for unidirectional ventilation from the inlet to the outlet direction; The first actual ignition mechanism is set inside the actual cabin; An actual gas delivery control mechanism is provided in each of the actual cabins; Evenly placing oil-rich coal in each of the actual chambers, and artificially causing fractures in the oil-rich coal; Based on the ignition power of the ignition mechanism at the optimal state of pyrolysis oil yield of oil-rich coal measured by the physical similarity simulation experimental device for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the oxygen concentration of the cabin body of each experimental cabin adjusted by the gas delivery control mechanism, the gas pressure and the lifting and lowering of the bulkhead, the guidance and adjustment are performed so that the actual gas delivery control mechanism arranged in the first actual cabin provides the first actual cabin with oxygen with a concentration of 19%~21%, the actual ignition mechanism is turned on to ignite the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin, and then the actual ignition mechanism is closed to burn the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin; the gas in the first actual cabin is transported to the second actual cabin through the actual ventilation structure, and the gas in the second actual cabin is transported to the second actual cabin through the actual gas delivery control mechanism of the second actual cabin. Nitrogen is provided to the second actual cabin to reduce the oxygen concentration in the second actual cabin until it reaches the pyrolysis concentration of the oil-rich coal, so that the second actual cabin uses the heat generated by the combustion of the oil-rich coal in the first actual cabin to pyrolyze the oil-rich coal, and then the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is transported to the third actual cabin, and after the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is completed, a certain amount of oxygen is filled into the second actual cabin through the actual gas transportation control mechanism of the second actual cabin, so that the pyrolysis semi-coke generated by the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the second actual cabin is burned to provide heat for the pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal in the third actual cabin, and so on, the heat is always transferred to the last actual cabin, so that the oil-rich coal in the last actual cabin is pyrolyzed; The actual cabin at the end is connected to the actual oil and gas separation and collection mechanism on the ground through an exhaust pipe; The actual compartment mechanism, the actual ignition mechanism, the actual gas delivery control mechanism and the actual oil-gas separation and collection mechanism are electrically connected to an actual control module on the ground.

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