Winter-pruning-free cultivation method for selected and remained fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agronomy, and particularly relates to a winter-pruning-free cultivation method for selected and reserved fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes. The cultivation method comprises the steps that during pruning in winter, 4-5 moderate bearing branches with 10-12 full bud eyes are selected and reserved and are not pruned to serve as bearing mother branches of the next year, and the rest bearing branches are all cut off from the base parts. According to the method, during winter pruning, only 4-5 moderate bearing branches need to be selected and reserved and are not pruned, the other bearing branches are all pruned from the bases, operation is easy, and the pruning efficiency is improved. 10-12 buds selected and reserved on each branch can basically germinate and grow, so that the Kyoho grapes keep moderate growth vigor, stable flower formation and fruit setting are promoted, and the effects of improving the fruit quality and achieving high and stable yield are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agronomy, and in particular relates to a cultivation method for selecting and retaining fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes without winter pruning. Background Art

[0002] Kyoho grapes are a plant of the genus Vitis in the family Vitaceae. The bunches weigh 350-500 grams. The berries are large, oval, purple-black, and weigh about 10 grams each. When ripe, the sugar content is about 17%, and it is sweet and sour, with good flavor and good commercial quality. The growth characteristics of Kyoho grapes are as follows: ① Strong tree vigor. Kyoho grapes grow vigorously, with thick trunks and long internodes, and are prone to producing large and small fruits.

[0003] ② High flower and fruit drop rate. From a genetic point of view, the abnormal development of Kyoho grape flower organs makes it difficult to pollinate and fertilize. In addition, some unfavorable factors such as external climatic conditions, improper pollination, malnutrition, and management level will also affect its fruit setting, resulting in a low natural fruit setting rate.

[0004] Excessive vigor of Kyoho grapes will lead to excessive levels of hormones such as gibberellins, which will lead to a lower fruit setting rate of Kyoho grapes. In production and cultivation, in order to increase the fruit setting rate of Kyoho grapes, growers often use plant growth regulators to treat the fruit clusters, but this is prone to problems such as hard fruit stalks, fruit cracking during maturity, and grain loss. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to effectively balance vegetative growth and reproductive growth, inhibit excessive growth of new shoots, reduce parthenocarpy, promote pollination and fertilization, and increase the fruit setting rate.

[0005] In order to alleviate the strong growth of Kyoho grapes, winter pruning usually adopts long-tip pruning as the main method, combined with medium and short-tip pruning. Although this pruning method can moderately increase the fruit setting rate, it requires high skills and experience of the operator, and is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is very important to master the appropriate method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for selecting fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes without winter pruning. The method is simple to operate, can improve pruning efficiency, and increase the commercial rate of fruits, thereby achieving the purpose of high-quality and efficient production.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that: The invention discloses a cultivation method for selecting and retaining fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes without winter pruning, which comprises the following steps: during winter pruning, 4 to 5 medium fruiting branches with 10 to 12 full buds are selected and retained as fruiting mother branches for the next year, and the remaining fruiting branches are all pruned from the base.

[0008] Furthermore, the 4 to 5 fruiting branches are evenly spaced apart from each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the cultivation method is used for horizontal trellis cultivation.

[0010] Furthermore, in the spring of the following year, when the new shoots grow to 10-15 cm and the inflorescence is visible, only one healthy bud is retained in each bud eye. The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention only needs to select and retain 4 to 5 moderate fruiting branches during winter pruning without pruning, and the remaining fruiting branches are all cut off from the base, which is simple to operate and improves pruning efficiency. The 10 to 12 buds retained on each branch can basically germinate and grow, which can improve the quality of the fruit and achieve a high yield effect. The present invention can improve the natural fruit setting of Kyoho grapes, increase the commercial rate from about 60% to about 85%, and promote the accumulation of internal and external quality of the fruit and the improvement of the sales price. The present invention can promote the uniform germination of Kyoho grape buds, stable flowering and fruit setting, high uniformity of flower and fruit clusters, and good quality, and is also conducive to the development of field flower and fruit thinning work, saving labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram of tree growth before winter pruning.

[0013] Figure 2 The figure is a diagram of the fruiting branches after pruning of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the growth of branches in spring.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the flowering situation.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram of mature results. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions shall be followed.

[0018] When pruning in winter, select 4 to 5 medium-sized fruiting branches with 10 to 12 full buds and leave them as the fruiting mother branches for the next year. Cut off all other fruiting branches from the base. Try to select evenly distributed fruiting branches to ensure sufficient growth space and light conditions.

[0019] 7-10 days before budding in the spring of the following year, water the entire garden once to promote uniform germination. When the buds germinate, the new shoots grow to 10-15 cm and the inflorescence is visible, only one strong bud is retained in each bud. In order to retain sufficient growth space and light conditions, the spacing between buds near the base of the branches can be appropriately increased and evenly distributed on the frame.

[0020] To ensure the quality of the fruit clusters, 28 to 30 fruit clusters of good quality are selected from each tree, and the yield per mu is controlled at around 1,250 kg.

[0021] The invention can promote uniform and consistent bud germination of Kyoho grapes and stable flowering and fruit setting, improve fruit quality, and promote healthy and benign development of the grape industry. Example

[0022] According to the conventional planting method, the growth of Kyoho grape trees before winter pruning is as follows: Figure 1 When pruning in winter, select 4 medium-sized fruiting branches with 10 to 12 full buds and leave them as the fruiting mother branches for the next year. Cut off all other fruiting branches from the base. Figure 2 7 days before bud break in the following spring, water the entire garden thoroughly once to promote uniform germination. When the new shoots grow to 15 cm and the inflorescence is visible ( Figure 3 ), only one strong bud is retained in each bud eye. In this mode, Kyoho grapes can maintain moderate growth and good flowering. Figure 4 shown.

[0023] By using the above method, 10 to 12 buds on each branch can basically grow, and the size of the fruit clusters is relatively uniform, which can improve the quality of the fruit and achieve a high yield effect ( Figure 5 ). Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes described are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for selecting and retaining fruiting mother branches of Kyoho grapes without winter pruning, characterized in that: When pruning in winter, select 4 to 5 medium-sized fruiting branches with 10 to 12 full buds and leave them as the fruiting mother branches for the next year. Cut off all other fruiting branches from the base.

2. The method for cultivating Kyoho grape selected fruiting mother branches without winter pruning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 4 to 5 fruiting branches are evenly spaced apart from each other.

3. The cultivation method of Kyoho grape selected fruiting mother branches without winter pruning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation method is suitable for horizontal shed cultivation.

4. The cultivation method of Kyoho grape selected fruiting mother branches without winter pruning according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the spring of the following year, when the new shoots grow to 10-15 cm and the inflorescence is visible, only one healthy bud is retained in each bud eye.

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