Culture material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation. According to the present invention, the reed straw, the rice husk, the corn cob and the wheat bran are adopted as the raw materials to prepare the culture material for culturing the stropharia rugoso-annulata, such that the yield, the quality and the economic benefits of the stropharia rugoso-annulata are effectively improved, the environmental pollution caused by the agricultural waste is reduced, and the win-win situation of the ecological environmental protection and the agricultural synergy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cultivation technology, and in particular relates to a culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grass-decomposing edible fungi mainly use agricultural and forestry wastes as raw materials, which has become the development trend of edible fungi in the world. Stropharia rugosoannulata, also known as wine-red Stropharia, is one of the top ten edible fungi varieties recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations for cultivation in developing countries. It is rich in nutrients such as protein, mineral elements, and polysaccharides. Taking advantage of the characteristics of grass-decomposing edible fungi that can decompose cellulose, wheat straw, corn straw, rice straw and other crop straws and sawdust are used in the production of Stropharia, which can realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste. However, the cultivation matrix of Stropharia is still single, which can neither meet the huge market demand for Stropharia products nor solve the current situation that a large amount of agricultural and forestry wastes have not been utilized as resources. The research and development of the matrix is ​​of great significance to the development of the Stropharia industry and the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes.

[0003] Reed (P. australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steu.) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family. Reeds are distributed everywhere, with strong reproductive and adaptability. They are commonly found along the banks of rivers, lakes, low wetlands and ponds. Reeds that grow in swamps, floodplains and shallow lakes are called wetland reeds. Reeds distributed in the periphery of farmland in arid areas, saline-alkali land, and even in some desert areas are called xerophytic reeds. The ecological value of reed wetlands has the reputation of "the second forest". At present, there are 14 main reed production areas with a total area of ​​about 13,000 hectares. Baiyangdian reeds are famous throughout the country for their large quantity and superior quality. The reed production accounts for about 40% of the country. It is the largest reed production base in the north and is known as the "hometown of reeds". With the progress of society, conventional reed products such as reed mats have been abandoned, and the economic value of reeds has been reduced day by day, resulting in serious abandonment of reed collection and management, which has brought certain negative impacts on the ecological environment governance of wetlands in various places. The longer reeds are not harvested, the worse their quality will be the following year. Over the years, a vicious cycle has formed in which the area of ​​abandoned harvesting is getting larger and larger, and the quality of reed products is getting worse and worse, resulting in a waste of resources and pollution of soil and water bodies. Therefore, a large amount of money has to be invested in harvesting and water quality resource management. Therefore, exploring ways to utilize reed resources is of great significance to promoting local economic development and strengthening ecological environment management and protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention uses reed as the main raw material to prepare a culture medium formula suitable for the cultivation of Stropharia rugosa, which fills the gap that there is no reed as the raw material for the cultivation of Stropharia rugosa, promotes the development of the Stropharia rugosa industry and increases the production and income of local farmers, and realizes a virtuous cycle of environment and benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] Technical purpose 1: A culture medium comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% of reed straw, 20% of rice husk, 35-55% of corn cob and 5% of wheat bran.

[0007] The culture medium of the present invention is mainly used for the cultivation of stropharia, and a large amount of reed straw is added to the culture medium to replace other straws. Since the cellulose content of reed straw is higher than that of other straws, it takes longer for stropharia to degrade reed straw than other straws; at the same time, the energy products such as glucose and other small molecular polysaccharides generated by degrading cellulose for maintaining the growth of mycelium are produced in large quantities, providing more carbohydrate amino acid skeletons for the growth and development of fruiting bodies, and the mycelium growth and development accumulates more energy, so the mycelium growth and development is more robust, thereby improving the yield and quality of stropharia. The loose texture of corn cobs is conducive to the rooting and diffusion of mycelium, and the mycelium can expand more quickly in the corn cobs to the surroundings to form a dense mycelium network. Corn cobs contain rich nutrients such as starch, protein, cellulose and minerals, and these nutrients can be quickly absorbed, so the addition of corn cobs can shorten the spawning time of stropharia. Corn cobs provide sufficient nutrition for the early growth of mushrooms, and reed straws provide nutrition for the late growth of mushrooms. The two are matched in a certain proportion, combined with the carbon source and other nutrients provided by rice husks and wheat bran, to provide guarantee for the nutrition of Pleurotus ostreatus during the whole period. Therefore, the culture medium of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus.

[0008] The inventors have verified through experiments that the ratio of reed straw to corn cobs must be controlled within a certain range. When the content of reed straw is too high and the content of corn cobs is low, the nutrition is insufficient in the early stage and the fungus growth speed is slow; when the content of reed straw is too low and the content of corn cobs is low, the nutrition is insufficient in the later stage, resulting in a shortened harvest period and reduced quality.

[0009] Technical purpose 2: A method for preparing a culture medium, comprising the following steps: mixing reed straw, rice husk, corn cob and wheat bran in proportion to obtain a mixed dry material, adjusting the pH of the mixed dry material to between 8.0 and 8.5 and then fermenting it, and after the fermentation is completed, the pH of the obtained culture medium is between 7.0 and 7.5.

[0010] Furthermore, the fermentation step is: crushing the reed straw into 8-10 cm long strips, mixing according to the cultivation medium formula, and conventionally stacking and fermenting for 7 days.

[0011] Furthermore, a quicklime solution with a concentration of 1-3 wt % is used for adjusting the pH.

[0012] Technical purpose three: A method for cultivating Stropharia capitis, comprising the following steps: adopting ridge cultivation and single-layer spawn spot sowing method, firstly laying a first layer of the culture medium on the land, then putting in Stropharia capitis spawn, then laying a second layer of the culture medium on top of the Stropharia capitis spawn, and finally covering with soil and covering with reeds or fallen leaves.

[0013] Furthermore, the input amount of the Stropharia officinalis strain is 0.5 kg / m 2 .

[0014] Further, the laying thickness of the two layers of culture medium is respectively: 10-15cm and 10cm; and / or

[0015] The thickness of the covering soil is 3-4 cm; and / or

[0016] The laying thickness of the reeds or fallen leaves is 3-4 cm; and / or

[0017] During the ridge cultivation process, the ridge height is 25-30 cm, the ridge width is 80 cm, and the ridge spacing is 50 cm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0019] The present invention uses reed as the main raw material to prepare a culture medium formula suitable for the cultivation of Stropharia rugosa. Through experiments on the effects of different formulas on the yield and quality of Stropharia rugosa in Anxin County, the influence of reed as the main material on improving the yield, quality and economic benefits of Stropharia rugosa is studied. At the same time, the pollution caused by agricultural waste to the environment is reduced, and a win-win situation of ecological protection and agricultural efficiency is achieved, specifically:

[0020] 1. Reed straw can be used to cultivate Stropharia rugosa. The yield of Stropharia rugosa cultivated with 60% reed straw formula in the present invention is the highest, reaching 2401.11 kg / mu.

[0021] 2. The reed straw formula has a longer harvesting time than corn straw, higher yield, higher first-grade mushroom rate and higher economic benefits. The cost of reed straw is lower than that of corn straw. If each household grows it, harvests the reeds and ferments them themselves, the planting cost will be lower.

[0022] 3. The content of corn cobs has an impact on the growth of mycelium. Properly increasing the content of corn cobs in the formula can shorten the fermentation time to a certain extent and produce mushrooms earlier.

[0023] 4. The culture medium formulas with reed straw content of 60% and 40% in the present invention can both achieve higher economic benefits. In production, the appropriate formula can be selected for planting based on factors such as raw material cost, cultivation time, and estimated product price during the mushroom production period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is the reed straw pre-treatment state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the planting situation of the test site of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0031] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] The invention provides a culture medium, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% reed straw, 20% rice husk, 35-55% corn cob and 5% wheat bran. For example, 60% reed straw, 20% rice husk, 15% corn cob and 5% wheat bran; and another example: 40% reed straw, 20% rice husk, 35% corn cob and 5% wheat bran.

[0033] The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: crushing reed straw into 8-10 cm long strips, then mixing reed straw, rice husk, corn cob and wheat bran in proportion to obtain a mixed dry material, adjusting the pH of the mixed dry material to between 8.0 and 8.5 and then fermenting it, and after the fermentation is completed, the pH of the obtained culture medium is between 7.0 and 7.5. The pH adjustment only needs to meet the corresponding range value to achieve the purpose, and the specific data will not affect the product performance, so it is not specifically limited in the embodiment. When adjusting the pH, a quicklime solution with a concentration of 1-3wt% is used, and the specific concentration will not affect the product performance, and it is sufficient to make the pH reach the target value.

[0034] The fermentation is conventional pile fermentation, and the fermentation takes about 7 days. The specific fermentation method is not a factor for the inventiveness of the present invention. In the fermentation process of the culture medium of the following examples of the present invention, reed straw, rice husk and corn cob are first mixed, and the pH is adjusted between 8.0-8.5 before fermentation. With the change of seasons, the fermentation time is uncertain, and the fermentation temperature is mainly observed. When the fermentation temperature of the reactor reaches about 60-70°C, the compost is turned, and wheat bran is added after turning to continue fermentation. The whole fermentation process lasts about 7 days.

[0035] A method for cultivating stropharia comprises the following steps: adopting ridge cultivation and single-layer spawn spot sowing method, firstly laying a first layer of culture material on the land, then putting stropharia spawn in, then laying a second layer of culture material on the stropharia spawn, and finally covering with soil and reeds or fallen leaves.

[0036] In the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the Stropharia officinalis strains added is 0.5 kg / m 2 The amount of the culture medium is 4000kg / 667m 2 .

[0037] In the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, the laying thickness of the two layers of culture material is 10-15cm and 10cm respectively; the thickness of the covering soil is 3-4cm; the laying thickness of the reed or fallen leaves is 3-4cm; in the ridge cultivation process, the ridge height is 25-30cm, the ridge width is 80cm, and the ridge spacing is 50cm. The specific laying thickness of the material and the height of the ridge are subject to practice, and only need to meet the range value, and there is no specific fixed limitation, and it will not be repeated in the following embodiments.

[0038] In the following examples, except for the different component dosage ratios in the four groups of formulations, all other range value parameters remain consistent to prevent external factors from affecting the effects.

[0039] The raw materials used in the present invention are all purchased from the market.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for cultivating Stropharia rugosa comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Cultivation of Stropharia officinalis

[0044] The "Stropharia niger No. 1" (A1) provided by Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences was selected as the test variety. The mycelium was white and dense, free of pests and diseases, and free of infection by other bacteria. The blocky Stropharia niger strain was obtained by culturing in the following culture media in sequence (this method is a conventional method, and the specific details are not repeated):

[0045] A. The mother seed propagation medium is a comprehensive potato culture formula: 200g potato, 20g glucose, 1.5g magnesium sulfate, 3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20g agar, 0.01g vitamin B1, 1000mL water;

[0046] B. The original seed culture medium is a wheat grain culture medium formula: 98% wheat, 1% gypsum powder, 1% calcium carbonate, and 65% water content;

[0047] C. Cultivation formula: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% quicklime, and 65% water content.

[0048] (2) Preparation of culture medium

[0049] The experiment set up 4 treatments and 3 repetitions, including treatments with different reed straw ratios and a control group with no reed straw added to the culture medium, specifically:

[0050] Treatment A (CK) formulation: 60% corn stover + 20% rice husk + 15% corn cob + 5% wheat bran;

[0051] Treatment B formula: 60% reed straw + 20% rice husk + 15% corn cob + 5% wheat bran;

[0052] Treatment C formula: 40% reed straw + 20% rice husk + 35% corn cob + 5% wheat bran;

[0053] Treatment D formula: 20% reed straw + 20% rice husk + 55% corn cob + 5% wheat bran.

[0054] The reed straw is crushed into strips of 8-10 cm in length, and then the reed straw, rice husk and corn cob are mixed in proportion according to the above formula to obtain a mixed dry material, and the pH of each mixed dry material is adjusted to between 8.0 and 8.5 with quicklime with a concentration of 1-3wt% and then fermented. When the reactor reaches a maximum temperature of between 60 and 70°C, the pile is turned over, and then wheat bran is added to continue fermentation. The entire fermentation period is maintained for 7 days, and four groups of culture materials are obtained, and the pH of the culture materials is between 7.0 and 7.5.

[0055] (3) Cultivation of Stropharia rugosa

[0056] The test site is located in the forestland north of Mabao Village, Duancun Town, Xiong'an New Area. The tree species planted in the test forestland are fast-growing poplars, 7 years old, with a stem of 10-15cm, strong tree vigor, 2m×3m spacing, about 80% canopy density, loose soil texture, water-retaining and breathable, and medium-to-high fertility. The test site has sufficient water resources and a humid climate. It is about 3 meters above sea level, with a longitude of 119.8429 and a latitude of 28.8707; the average temperature in January is -4.3℃, and the average temperature in July is 26.4℃; the average annual precipitation is 550mm, mainly concentrated in June-August each year.

[0057] Each treatment test area is 150m 2 .

[0058] The total amount of culture medium used is calculated based on the dry material input, which is 4000kg / 667m 2 .

[0059] The dosage of Stropharia officinalis strain is 0.5kg / m 2 .

[0060] The ridge cultivation was adopted, with a ridge height of 25*30cm, a ridge width of 80cm, and a ridge spacing of 50cm. The experimental forest land was set up with one ridge per row.

[0061] The experiment was sown on November 7, 2022: the sowing method was single-layer spawn spot sowing. When sowing, first lay a first layer of culture medium with a thickness of 10-15cm on the land, then break the Stropharia spawn into 2-3cm pieces and place them on the first layer of culture medium, then continue to lay a second layer of culture medium with a thickness of 10cm on top of the spawn, and finally cover with 3-4cm of soil and 3-4cm of reeds or fallen leaves under the forest.

[0062] Different formulations were managed with the same method. The feeding behavior of the fungi was observed on the 10th day after sowing. The growth of the fungi was observed on March 20 of the following year. Thereafter, regular observations were made every morning until the mycelium grew on the soil surface.

[0063] Figure 1 This is the reed straw pre-treatment state of the present invention, Figure 2 This is the planting situation of the test site of the present invention.

[0064] Results Analysis

[0065] 1. Growth of Stropharia mycelium in different formulations

[0066] Table 1 Growth of Stropharia officinalis in different recipes

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Note: “+++” means dense mycelium and fast growth; “++” means dense mycelium and slightly slower growth.

[0070] As can be seen from Table 1, on March 20 of the following year, the mycelium growth of treatments C and D was the fastest; the mycelium growth of treatments A and B was slightly slower. Treatment D had the shortest spawning time, the earliest fruiting, and the shortest harvesting period; treatment B had the longest spawning time, the latest fruiting, and the longest harvesting period. The test results showed that the Stropharia cap strain degraded reed straw more slowly than corn straw, but increasing the proportion of corn cobs in the formula could shorten the spawning time, which shows that the proportion of corn cobs has a certain effect on the growth of Stropharia cap mycelium.

[0071] 2. Yield and quality of Stropharia officinalis with different recipes

[0072] Table 2 Comparison of Stropharia officinalis yields in different formulations

[0073] project A B C D <![CDATA[Yield (kg / 667m 2 )]]> 2233.38 2401.11 2300.10 2137.53 First-grade mushroom rate (%) 42.38 44.09 47.78 43.69 Bioconversion rate (%) 56 60 58 53

[0074] Note: The final yield data is calculated by adding up the daily yields and converting them into per 667m2 according to the actual cultivation area. 2 of production.

[0075] As can be seen from Table 2, treatment B had the highest yield and the highest bioconversion rate; treatment D had the lowest yield and the lowest bioconversion rate; the first-level mushroom rate of treatment B was higher than that of treatment A, indicating that the quality of Stropharia capitis cultivated with reed straw formula was better than that with corn straw formula; the first-level mushroom rate of treatment C was higher than that of treatment B, while the first-level mushroom rate of treatment D was slightly lower than that of treatment B, indicating that appropriately increasing the content of corn cobs had a certain effect on the quality of Stropharia capitis.

[0076] 3. Economic benefits of different formulas of Stropharia officinalis

[0077] Table 3 Comparison of economic benefits of different formulas of Stropharia rugosa

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Note: Costs include costs for culture strains, culture media, management fees, etc.; Economic benefits = output × unit price – cost.

[0081] From Table 3, it can be concluded that the economic benefits of cultivating Stropharia oleracea with different formulas are different. Treatment B has the highest economic benefit, and treatment D has the lowest economic benefit. Treatment A has the highest cost, and treatment B has the lowest cost, but the economic benefit of treatment B is significantly higher than that of treatment A. Treatment C has a slightly higher cost and a slightly lower economic benefit than treatment B. The cost of treatment D is not much different from that of treatment A, and the economic benefit is slightly lower. Under the same cultivation management, the difference in cultivation cost is mainly reflected in the cost of culture medium, and the economic benefit is related to factors such as the yield, cost, quality, and unit price of Stropharia oleracea with different formulas.

[0082] In summary:

[0083] 1. Compared with a single carbon source matrix, the growth rate of Stropharia cap mushroom mycelium in the composite carbon source matrix culture medium is faster. At the same time, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the culture medium has a significant effect on the growth of Stropharia cap mushroom. Since the carbon-nitrogen ratio of corn cobs is higher than that of corn stalks, the culture material formulas C and D of the present invention increase the proportion of corn cobs and improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the formula, which is the main reason why the mycelium growth rate is significantly higher than that of the matrix formulas A and C.

[0084] 2. Stropharia has a strong ability to degrade cellulose. The cellulose and hemicellulose contents of reed straw are significantly higher than those of corn straw, which are 45.85%, 21.15% and 37.24%, 17.38% respectively. Therefore, under the same cultivation conditions, it takes a longer time for Stropharia strains to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose in reed straw, resulting in a later fruiting time of matrix formula B than that of formula A in this experiment.

[0085] 3. Formula D had the earliest fruiting time, but the lowest economic benefit. On the one hand, because the temperature was low in the early stage of fruiting of Formula D, the fruiting yield was small, but because of the low temperature and slow growth, there were more first-grade mushrooms. After April 5, as the temperature gradually rose to the optimum temperature for Stropharia, all four treatments began to fruit in large quantities. At this time, since Treatment D had been harvested for more than 10 days, the yield of Treatment D began to decline compared with other treatments. On the other hand, although the 55% corn cob ratio added to Treatment D increased the mycelial growth rate, the excessively high carbon-nitrogen ratio had a certain impact on the formation of fruiting bodies during the fruiting body growth stage, causing a decrease in yield. This was the main reason for the lowest economic benefit of Formula D.

[0086] 4. The same ratio of reed straw and corn straw in the present invention is used to cultivate Stropharia cap mushrooms. The yield of reed straw (treatment B) is significantly higher than that of corn straw (treatment A), which is related to the higher cellulose content of reed straw. It takes longer for Stropharia cap mushrooms to degrade reed straw than corn straw, which can increase the harvest time; the energy products such as glucose and small molecule sugars produced by cellulose degradation for maintaining mycelial growth are more, providing more carbohydrate amino acid skeletons for the growth and development of fruiting bodies; the mycelial growth and development accumulates more energy, and the mycelial growth and development is more robust, which has a positive effect on improving the yield and quality of Stropharia cap mushrooms.

[0087] 5. The economic benefits of both Formula B and Formula C are relatively high. Formula cultivation can be selected according to actual conditions in production. Compared with Formula B, Formula C improves the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the substrate, promotes the growth of mycelium, shortens the spawning time, produces mushrooms early, and reduces the number of days for harvesting. It is suitable for areas with a rapid rise in temperature in early spring and a short suitable temperature period; Formula B has a long mycelium growth time, late mushroom production, and a long harvest time. It is suitable for areas with a slow rise in temperature in early spring and a long suitable temperature period. In the present invention, Formula B has a higher yield than Formula C, which is related to the length of the harvest time. However, due to the short suitable temperature period at the test site, after entering May, although Formula B can form a certain yield, the quality of the mushroom body is significantly reduced due to the high temperature, and the first-class mushroom rate is lower than that of Formula C.

[0088] 6. Since the surface of reed straw contains a high wax content, the straw is relatively hard, and the cellulose and hemicellulose content is relatively high, it should be noted that as a base material, the straw should not be too broken, the straw should be rolled in advance, and a certain proportion of corn cobs and a small amount of rice husks must be added to the formula. The culture medium with reed straw as the main raw material should pay close attention to temperature changes during fermentation. Within the 24-48 hour fermentation time limit, the upper limit temperature of 48 hours needs to be taken. Wheat bran needs to be added when turning the pile, and it cannot be added in advance, otherwise it will easily cause nutrient loss and affect the total yield in the later stage.

[0089] 7. The formula provided by the present invention is the first of its kind, which provides a way to utilize a large number of wetland reeds as resources, and can effectively alleviate the phenomenon of abandoned collection and management of reed resources. At the same time, promoting innovation in matrix research and development has a positive impact on the development of the Stropharia officinalis industry.

[0090] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A culture medium, characterized in that: Contains 40-60wt.% of reed straw and 35-55wt.% of corn cob.

2. The culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% of reed straw, 20% of rice husk, 35-55% of corn cob and 5% of wheat bran.

3. A method for preparing a culture medium according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Reed straw, rice husk, corn cob and wheat bran are mixed in proportion to obtain a mixed dry material, and the pH of the mixed dry material is adjusted to between 8.0 and 8.5 before fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, the pH of the culture medium obtained is between 7.0 and 7.

5.

4. The method for preparing culture medium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation steps are as follows: crushing the reed straw into strips of 8-10 cm in length, mixing according to the cultivation substrate formula, and conventionally stacking and fermenting for 7 days.

5. The method for preparing culture medium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pH is adjusted using a quicklime solution having a concentration of 1-3 wt%.

6. Use of the culture medium as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in cultivating Stropharia rugosa.

7. A method for cultivating Stropharia rugosa, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The method adopts ridge cultivation and single-layer spawn spot sowing method, firstly, a first layer of the culture medium described in any one of claims 1-2 is laid on the land, then the stropharia spawn is put in, then a second layer of the culture medium described in any one of claims 1-2 is laid on the stropharia spawn, and finally, soil is covered and covered with reeds or fallen leaves.

8. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosa according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amount of the stropharia species added is 0.5 kg / m 2 .

9. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosa according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the two layers of culture medium is 10-15 cm and 10 cm respectively; and / or The thickness of the covering soil is 3-4 cm; and / or The laying thickness of the reeds or fallen leaves is 3-4 cm; and / or During the ridge cultivation process, the ridge height is 25-30 cm, the ridge width is 80 cm, and the ridge spacing is 50 cm.

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