Method for rapidly producing purple-flower broad-leaf bletilla striata direct seeding seedlings

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly producing purple-flower bletilla striata direct seeding seedlings. The method comprises the following steps: cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing capsules of purple-flower bletilla striata; perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and turf are mixed to serve as a substrate; plastic cloth is laid at the bottom of a seedling raising greenhouse, sawdust is laid on the plastic cloth, the plastic cloth is soaked with water, and then a substrate is scattered; breaking shells of the purple flower bletilla striata pods, taking out seeds in the pods, uniformly mixing the seeds with corn flour, and sowing the mixture on a substrate; spraying water to ensure that the substrate is in a wet state, controlling proper temperature and illumination conditions before and after seedling emergence, and spraying a nutrient solution at intervals until direct seeding seedlings grow up. According to the method, the output of the purple-flower broad-leaf bletilla striata direct-seeding seedlings is improved, the seedling culture cost is reduced, and large-batch production of the direct-seeding seedlings is realized; in addition, the direct seeding seedlings are cultured in a semi-open-air environment and adapt to a field environment in advance, the stress resistance of first-generation domesticated seedlings is improved, the direct seeding seedlings rapidly root and germinate after being transplanted, and the survival rate is greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bletilla striata planting, in particular to a method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of bletilla striata with purple flowers and broad leaves. Background Art

[0002] Bletilla striata belongs to the genus Bletilla of the orchid family. There are 9 species of Bletilla striata in the world, which are distributed in northern Myanmar in Asia through China to Japan. There are 4 species produced in China, namely, Bletilla striata, Bletilla striata, and Bletilla striata. The underground tuber of Bletilla striata is a traditional Chinese medicinal material with high medicinal value. It has the effects of healing sores and stopping bleeding, nourishing the lungs, reducing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration. In addition, Bletilla striata is increasingly used in beauty and health care products because of its beauty effects such as whitening and moisturizing, removing spots, removing wrinkles, and delaying skin aging. Affected by the strong growth in demand in the pharmaceutical industry and the horticultural flower market, wild Bletilla striata has been over-exploited, and resources have been reduced sharply, far from meeting market demand, and prices have been rising year by year.

[0003] The seed endosperm of orchids is not fully developed. Due to the lack of glyoxylate cycle, the lipids contained in the endosperm cannot be converted into sugars, and thus cannot provide enough energy for seed germination. The germination ability of Bletilla striata seeds under natural conditions is low. The current batch production of Bletilla striata seedlings on the market mainly relies on aseptic breeding and tissue culture technology for large-scale reproduction. However, aseptic breeding and tissue culture technology require high facilities and equipment, and the breeding investment cost is large, which cannot meet market needs. Purple flower broad leaf Bletilla striata has good stress resistance and high yield, and has special medicinal value that most common Bletilla striata do not have. However, the cultivation cycle of purple flower broad leaf Bletilla striata is long, especially the technical difficulty of direct seeding seedling cultivation is high, and the investment cost is large, so it is urgent to solve the technical problems of direct seeding seedling breeding.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly producing direct-seeding seedlings of purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata. The method can directly sow and raise seedlings under semi-open conditions, thereby reducing the cultivation cost of direct-seeding seedlings of purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata and lowering the difficulty of cultivation technology.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Seed treatment: Clean and disinfect the pods of Bletilla striata;

[0008] S2. Matrix preparation: Perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and peat are mixed in a certain proportion as a matrix, the pH value is controlled to be 6-7, and disinfection and sterilization are performed;

[0009] S3. Preparation of the seedling greenhouse: Spread the sterilized plastic sheet at the bottom of the seedling greenhouse, spread the sawdust on the plastic sheet, soak the sawdust with water, and then sprinkle the substrate;

[0010] S4, sowing: crack the pods of Bletilla striata, take out the seeds inside, mix the seeds with cornmeal and stir evenly, and sow them on the substrate;

[0011] S5. Seedbed management: Spray water to ensure that the substrate is in a moist state, control the appropriate temperature and light conditions before and after germination, and spray the nutrient solution at intervals until the direct-seeded seedlings of Bletilla striata grow up.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the cleaning and disinfection treatment includes:

[0013] S11, washing the Bletilla striata pods with clean water, and then washing them with a detergent;

[0014] S12, sterilize with ultraviolet light, then sterilize with alcohol, and then rinse with sterile water;

[0015] S13, place the fruit pods of Bletilla striata in HgCl 2 Soak in the solution, rinse with sterile water, dry aseptically and then vacuum pack.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the ratio of perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and peat is (2-4):(1-2):(1-3)2:(3-6) by weight.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, an automatic temperature control device and a spraying device are provided in the seedling greenhouse.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the thickness of the sawdust surface is 5-8 cm, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​1-3 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the ratio of the seeds to cornmeal is 1:(4-6) by weight.

[0020] Preferably, in step S4, the sowing is carried out at a rate of 2-4 kg of seeds per mu.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the water spraying is performed three times a day, in the morning, at noon and in the evening.

[0022] Preferably, in step S5, before germination, the sunshade net is always covered, and after germination, the sunshade net is opened or covered according to the light conditions; the ambient temperature is controlled at 24-26°C.

[0023] Preferably, in step S5, the nutrient solution is sprayed once a week until the direct-seeded seedlings of Bletilla striata grow up.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata seeds of the present invention germinate and grow in the sawdust surface and matrix laid in the seedling greenhouse, which can provide suitable moisture and nutrients for the seeds, greatly improve the survival rate of the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata seeds, greatly improve the output of direct-seeded seedlings, reduce the investment cost of seedling cultivation, and enable the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata direct-seeded seedlings to be mass-produced and truly move from the laboratory to the field.

[0026] (2) The direct-seeded seedlings of the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata of the present invention are cultivated in a semi-open-air environment, adapted to the field environment in advance, thereby improving the stress resistance of the first generation of domesticated seedlings, allowing the direct-seeded seedlings to quickly take root and sprout after transplanting, greatly improving the survival rate.

[0027] (3) The present invention adopts the method of sowing after mixing seeds with cornmeal, which improves the uniformity of sowing, and the cornmeal can provide nutrients for the seeds without competing with the seeds for light and fertilizer.

[0028] (4) The sawdust surface and matrix used in the present invention can be recycled and reused, which greatly reduces the production input cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form also includes the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example

[0033] The present embodiment provides a method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata, comprising the following steps:

[0034] (1) Seed treatment: Rinse the pods of Bletilla striata with clean water for 20 minutes, then rinse with detergent for 5 minutes, sterilize with ultraviolet light for 40 minutes, sterilize with 75% alcohol for 30 seconds, rinse with sterile water three times, and then place in HgCl 2 Soak in the solution for 10 minutes, rinse with sterile water 5 times, dry aseptically and vacuum pack;

[0035] (2) Preparation of artificial matrix: perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and peat are prepared in a ratio of 3:1:2:3, the pH value is maintained at 6-7, and disinfection is performed;

[0036] (3) Preparation of the seedling greenhouse: Automatic temperature control devices and spraying devices are added to the seedling greenhouse; the bottom of the greenhouse is covered with sterilized plastic sheeting, sawdust is evenly spread on the plastic sheeting for 5-8 cm, the sawdust is soaked with water, and then about 2 cm of substrate is sprinkled on it;

[0037] (4) Sowing: Crack the pods of Bletilla striata and take out the seeds inside. Sow 3 kg of seeds per mu, mix the seeds with cornmeal in a ratio of 1:5, and evenly sow them on the substrate.

[0038] (5) Seedbed management: Spray water three times a day in the morning, noon and evening to ensure that the substrate is always moist; before emergence, cover with a shade net to keep the ambient temperature at around 25°C and the light intensity below 5000lx; after emergence, keep the temperature at around 25°C and the light intensity below 20000lx; at the same time, spray nutrient solution once a week until the direct-seeded Bletilla striata seedlings grow up in about 6 months.

[0039] The purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seeds of the present embodiment germinate and grow in a special matrix in a seedling greenhouse, and about 1 million purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seedlings can be produced per mu, which greatly improves the output of direct-seeded seedlings and reduces the investment in seedling cultivation costs, so that the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seedlings can be mass-produced and truly move from the laboratory to the fields; in addition, the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seedlings of the present embodiment are cultivated in a semi-open-air environment, adapting to the field environment in advance, thereby improving the stress resistance of the first generation of domesticated seedlings, allowing the direct-seeded seedlings to quickly take root and sprout after transplanting, greatly improving the survival rate.

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] This comparative example is basically the same as the embodiment, except that: in this comparative example, in step (1), HgCl 2 Soak in solution.

[0042] The results showed that: 2 The germination rate of seeds immersed in the solution was only 5% due to incomplete sterilization, while the germination rate of seeds in the embodiment reached more than 95%.

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] This comparative example is basically the same as the embodiment, except that: in this comparative example, in step (2), the artificial matrix is ​​prepared with perlite, vermiculite and impact rock in a ratio of 3:1:2, and no peat is added.

[0045] The results show that the emergence rate without the addition of peat is only 2%, while the emergence rate with the addition of peat in the example can reach more than 90%.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] This comparative example is basically the same as the embodiment, except that in this comparative example, in step (3), the plastic sheet is not covered with sawdust, but is directly sprinkled with a substrate of about 2 cm.

[0048] The results showed that the direct-seeded seedlings did not grow substantially due to insufficient water supply, while the direct-seeded seedlings in the embodiment grew very well.

[0049] Comparative Example 4

[0050] This comparative example is basically consistent with the embodiment, except that: in this comparative example, in step (4), no cornmeal is added to the seeds, and the seeds are directly sown on the substrate.

[0051] The results show that the direct-seeded seedlings are unevenly seeded, either gathered together or extremely scattered, and the direct-seeded seedlings are sparse; while the direct-seeded seedlings in the embodiment are uniform and neat, and have good growth prospects and appearance.

[0052] Comparative Example 5

[0053] This comparative example is basically the same as the embodiment, except that: in this comparative example, in step (4), the seeds and bean flour are mixed and stirred in a ratio of 1:5 and then evenly sown on the substrate.

[0054] The results show that: because bean flour competes with direct-seeded seedlings for nutrients, the direct-seeded seedlings grow poorly, while the direct-seeded seedlings in the embodiment grow well and evenly.

[0055] In summary, the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seeds of the present invention germinate and grow in the sawdust surface and matrix laid in the seedling greenhouse, which can provide suitable moisture and nutrients for the seeds, greatly improve the survival rate of the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla seeds, greatly improve the output of direct-seeding seedlings, reduce the investment in seedling cultivation costs, and enable the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla direct-seeding seedlings to be mass-produced, truly moving from the laboratory to the fields; the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla direct-seeding seedlings of the present invention are cultivated in a semi-open-air environment, adapted to the field environment in advance, and thus improve the stress resistance of a generation of domesticated seedlings, so that the direct-seeding seedlings can quickly take root and sprout after transplanting, greatly improving the survival rate; the present invention adopts seeds and cornmeal mixed for sowing, which improves the uniformity of sowing, and the cornmeal can provide nutrients for the seeds without competing with the seeds for light and fertilizer; the sawdust surface and matrix used in the present invention can be recycled and reused, which greatly reduces the production input cost.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Seed treatment: Clean and disinfect the pods of Bletilla striata; S2. Matrix preparation: Perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and peat are mixed in a certain proportion as a matrix, the pH value is controlled to be 6-7, and disinfection and sterilization are performed; S3. Preparation of the seedling greenhouse: Spread the sterilized plastic sheet at the bottom of the seedling greenhouse, spread the sawdust on the plastic sheet, soak the sawdust with water, and then sprinkle the substrate; S4, sowing: crack the pods of Bletilla striata, take out the seeds inside, mix the seeds with cornmeal and stir evenly, and sow them on the substrate; S5. Seedbed management: Spray water to ensure that the substrate is in a moist state, control the appropriate temperature and light conditions before and after germination, and spray the nutrient solution at intervals until the direct-seeded seedlings of Bletilla striata grow up.

2. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the cleaning and disinfection treatment includes: S11, washing the Bletilla striata pods with clean water, and then washing them with a detergent; S12, sterilize with ultraviolet light, then sterilize with alcohol, and then rinse with sterile water; S13. Soak the purple-flowered broad-leaved Bletilla striata pods in a HgCl2 solution, then rinse with sterile water, dry aseptically, and vacuum pack.

3. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the ratio of perlite, vermiculite, impact rock and peat is (2-4):(1-2):(1-3)2:(3-6) by weight.

4. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, an automatic temperature control device and a spraying device are provided in the seedling greenhouse.

5. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the thickness of the sawdust surface is 5-8 cm, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​1-3 cm.

6. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the ratio of the seeds to cornmeal is 1:(4-6) by weight.

7. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the sowing is carried out at a rate of 2-4 kg of seeds per mu.

8. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the water is sprayed three times a day: morning, noon and evening.

9. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, before germination, the sunshade net is always covered, and after germination, the sunshade net is opened or covered according to the light conditions; the ambient temperature is controlled at 24-26°C.

10. The method for rapidly producing direct-seeding seedlings of Bletilla striata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the nutrient solution is sprayed once a week until the direct-seeded seedlings of Bletilla striata grow up.