Machining method for punching wheel spoke, punching male die and tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheel spoke punching machining method, a punching male die and a tool, spoke punching is achieved through the punching male die, the machining surface of a spoke is provided with a plurality of stress concentration areas, and a punch of the punching male die is provided with a plurality of convex blade parts corresponding to the stress concentration areas; the machining method comprises the steps that the spoke is installed on a punching tool, convex blade parts of a punching convex die and stress concentration areas of the spoke are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode in the punching direction, and spoke punching machining is completed according to preset punching force. The situation that the spoke heat dissipation holes crack can be reduced, and the fatigue life of the spoke is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wheel manufacturing, and in particular to a processing method for punching holes in wheel spokes, a punching punch and a tooling. Background Art

[0002] At present, after long-term use, vehicle wheels may experience failures such as air leakage, spoke cracking, tire wear, and shaking. Among them, cracking of spoke punching holes (for example, heat dissipation holes) is a common failure mode. If the vehicle continues to drive in this failure mode, the wheel spoke bottom plate will separate from the rim, causing the vehicle to roll over, which poses a greater safety risk to vehicle driving. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above description, the present application provides a processing method, a punching punch and a tooling for punching holes in wheel spokes to solve the current problem of cracking of heat dissipation holes in wheel spokes.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for punching a wheel spoke is provided, wherein the wheel spoke punching is achieved by a punching punch, the machined surface of the wheel spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas, and the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blades corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas; The processing method comprises: installing the wheel spoke on a punching tool, aligning the convex blade of the punching punch with the stress concentration area of ​​the wheel spoke one by one along the punching direction, and completing the wheel spoke punching processing according to a preset blanking force.

[0005] In one or more embodiments, the machined surface of the spoke is a concave curved surface, and the multiple stress concentration areas are distributed on the concave curved surface.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the machined surface of the spoke has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas, and the punch has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the cutting edge profile of the punch is an annular wavy surface to realize the multiple convex cutting edges.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the diameter of the cutting edge profile of the punch is in the range of 30 mm to 70 mm.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch is 0.5tt, wherein t represents the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the calculation formula of the preset blanking force is as follows: P1=0.5×(t / H)×P Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch, t is the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke, and P is the blanking force of the flat cutting edge punch.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the method further includes: determining various stress concentration areas of the spokes by a CAE analysis method.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present application, a punching punch is provided for implementing a processing method as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, wherein the processing surface of the spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas; and the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blade portions corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present application, a punching tool is provided, comprising the punching punch as described in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: In the above-mentioned wheel spoke punching processing method, punching punch and tooling, the spoke punching is realized by the punching punch, the processing surface of the spoke has multiple stress concentration areas, and the cutting edge of the punching punch has multiple convex blades corresponding to the multiple stress concentration areas. When preparing for processing, the convex blades of the punching punch and the stress concentration areas of the spoke are aligned one by one along the punching direction, and the spoke punching processing is completed according to the preset blanking force. In this way, the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area of ​​the heat dissipation hole can be improved, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the spoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching tool for spoke heat dissipation holes in the related art; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching punch for heat dissipation holes in a wheel spoke in the related art; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the spoke after the heat dissipation holes are punched in the related art; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the use of a punching punch provided in one embodiment of the present application in processing a spoke heat dissipation hole; Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the processed surface of the spoke in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punching punch in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0018] It is understood that when used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a punching tool for spoke heat dissipation holes in the related art is shown. Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a punching die for spoke heat dissipation holes in the related art is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the spokes after the heat dissipation holes are punched in the related art is shown.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 3 In the related art, the punching tool 10 for heat dissipation holes of spokes comprises an upper mounting seat 11 and a lower mounting seat 12. A punch 111 is mounted on the upper mounting seat 11, and a die 112 is mounted on the lower mounting seat 12. The punch of the punch 111 is a flat blade, which can be used to punch heat dissipation holes k on the spokes 20. When the punch 111 is working, it is affected by the surface of the spoke 20 and punches holes from both sides to the middle of the spoke 20. Figure 3 A large area of ​​bright band is formed in the first area r1 and the second area r2. The bright band is a shear section with good section quality, while other parts are tear sections with poor section quality. However, the failure part of the spoke heat dissipation hole on the market overlaps with the tear section, and punching has a high risk of cracking.

[0021] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a processing method, a punching punch and a tooling for punching holes in wheel spokes, which can reduce the cracking of the heat dissipation holes in the wheel spokes and increase the fatigue life of the spokes.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a punching punch provided in one embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5A partial structural schematic diagram of the processed surface of the spoke in an embodiment of the present application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the portion related to the present embodiment is shown.

[0023] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 A punching punch 30 provided in one embodiment of the present application is used to implement a punching processing method of a wheel spoke 20 provided in one embodiment of the present application. The processing surface 21 of the spoke 20 has a plurality of stress concentration areas 21a; and the punch 31 of the punching punch 30 has a plurality of convex blade portions 31a corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas 21a.

[0024] It should be noted that, on the basis of the unchanged cross-sectional shape of the existing spoke 20, it is determined through analysis that the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 has multiple stress concentration areas 21a, and the cutting edge of the punching punch 30 is designed to have multiple convex cutting edges 31a corresponding to the multiple stress concentration areas 21a. The stress concentration area 21a refers to the area where a large concentrated stress is generated on the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 when the heat dissipation hole k is machined. In this way, the cross-sectional quality of the punching stress concentration area 21a can be improved, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the spoke 20.

[0025] Continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present application, a wheel spoke punching processing method is provided, wherein the punching of the wheel spoke 20 is achieved by a punching punch 30, the processing surface 21 of the wheel spoke 20 has a plurality of stress concentration areas 21a, and the punch 31 of the punching punch 30 has a plurality of convex blades 31a corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas 21a. The processing method comprises: installing the wheel spoke 20 on a punching tool, and aligning the convex blades 31a of the punching punch 30 with the stress concentration areas 21a of the wheel spoke 20 one by one along the punching direction, and completing the punching processing of the wheel spoke 20 according to a preset blanking force.

[0026] In this embodiment, the convex blade portion 31a of the punching punch 30 and the stress concentration area 21a of the spoke 20 are aligned one by one along the punching direction, and the punching process of the spoke 20 is completed according to the preset punching force. In this way, when the heat dissipation hole k is punched on the spoke 20 by the punching punch 30, the position of the bright band of the heat dissipation hole k can be adjusted, the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area 21a can be improved, and the tearing band width can be reduced as a whole, so as to finally achieve the purpose of improving the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k and reducing the risk of cracking of the heat dissipation hole k.

[0027] In some embodiments, the processing method of the present application further includes: determining each stress concentration area 21a of the spoke 20 by CAE analysis method. Specifically, after the spoke 20 profile is finalized, the stress distribution around the heat dissipation hole is mastered according to the CAE analysis method, and the stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 are determined in combination with the failure area of ​​the heat dissipation hole of the spoke 20 on the market. In this way, it is easy to determine the position of the convex blade portion 31a of the punch 31 and design the punching punch 30.

[0028] Continue reading Figure 4 , and combined with Figure 5 In some embodiments, the machining surface 21 of the spoke 20 is a concave curved surface, and a plurality of stress concentration areas 21a are distributed on the concave curved surface. In this way, during machining, the convex blade portion 31a of the punch 31 first contacts the Figure 5 The stress concentration areas 21a shown in the figure are used to improve the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration areas 21a, while reducing the overall width of the tearing zone and reducing the risk of cracking of the heat dissipation hole k.

[0029] Continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 5 , and combined with Figure 6 In some embodiments, the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas 21 a , and the punch 31 has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions 31 a .

[0030] Specifically, Figure 5 Four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas 21a are shown in FIG. Figure 6 In this way, during processing, the four convex blades 31a of the punch 31 are aligned with the four stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 one by one along the punching direction. As the punch 31 moves downward, the four stress concentration areas 21a are first squeezed by the four convex blades 31a to form a smooth shear section, and other areas are gradually stretched and torn to complete the entire punching action.

[0031] Continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is an annular wavy surface s to realize multiple convex cutting edges 31a. Specifically, by setting the cutting edge profile of the punching punch 30 to an annular wavy surface s, convex cutting edges 31a and concave cutting edges that are alternately spaced from each other can be formed. In this way, during the punching process, the stress concentration area 21a is squeezed by the alternating concave and convex cutting edges, which facilitates the formation of a smooth and flat shear section, gradually stretching and tearing other areas, improving the section quality of the stress concentration area 21a while reducing the overall width of the tear band, and ultimately achieving the effect of improving the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k.

[0032] Furthermore, the diameter of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is within the range of 30 mm-70 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the heat dissipation hole of the spoke 20 is 70 mm. In order to avoid material necking at the heat dissipation hole k and ensure that the force on the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 is as small as possible before the cutting edge starts working, the punch 31 is designed to be an undulating annular wave surface s within the diameter range of 30 mm-70 mm, 40 mm-70 mm or 50 mm-70 mm, and the material in the inner wave line can be retained or removed according to the actual situation.

[0033] In some embodiments, the maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is 0.5tt, where t represents the material thickness at the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20. Specifically, the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is designed as an annular wave surface s, and the height difference between the crest position and the trough position of the annular wave surface s is 0.5tt, so as to form a plurality of convex blade portions 31a and a plurality of concave blade portions. Further, the height difference H between the crest position and the trough position of the annular wave surface s is 0.5t-0.7t, which can effectively reduce the blanking force and the noise at the production site.

[0034] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the preset blanking force is as follows: P1=0.5×(t / H)×P Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 , t is the material thickness at the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 , and P is the blanking force of the flat cutting edge punch 111 .

[0035] Specifically, according to CAE analysis and market failure analysis, it is determined that the multiple stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 are the crack-prone areas, and the noise at the production site is relatively large. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation hole k portion of the spoke 20 (i.e., the processed surface 21) is a variable cross-section, the material thickness t is 5 mm-10 mm, and the maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is 2.5 mm-10 mm. In this way, the preset blanking force P1 is calculated to be 50%-100% of the blanking force P of the flat-edge punch, which can reduce the blanking force and the noise in the production workshop.

[0036] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a punching tool 100, comprising a punching punch 30 as in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0037] In summary, this embodiment determines the stress concentration area 21a of the spoke 20 through CAE analysis and market failure analysis, thereby determining the position of the convex blade 31a of the punch 31 (that is, the wave crest position of the annular wave surface s), and designs the punching punch 30. During processing, the multiple convex blades 31a of the punching punch 30 are aligned one by one with the multiple stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 along the punching direction, and the processing of the heat dissipation hole k is completed according to the preset blanking force. Compared with the traditional flat-edge punch 111 processing the heat dissipation hole k of the spoke 20, the embodiment of the present application can adjust the position of the bright band of the heat dissipation hole k, improve the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area 21a, and reduce the tear band width as a whole, ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k and reducing the risk of cracking of the heat dissipation hole k, while effectively reducing the blanking force and production site noise.

[0038] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wheel spoke punching processing method, characterized in that: The wheel spoke punching is achieved by a punching punch, the machined surface of the wheel spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas, and the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blades corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas; The processing method comprises: installing the wheel spoke on a punching tool, aligning the convex blade of the punching punch with the stress concentration area of ​​the wheel spoke one by one along the punching direction, and completing the wheel spoke punching processing according to a preset blanking force.

2. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machined surface of the spoke is a concave curved surface, and the multiple stress concentration areas are distributed on the concave curved surface.

3. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The machined surface of the spoke has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas, and the punch has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions.

4. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge profile of the punch is an annular wavy surface to realize the multiple convex cutting edges.

5. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the cutting edge of the punch is in the range of 30 mm to 70 mm.

6. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch is 0.5tt, wherein t represents the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke.

7. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the preset blanking force is as follows: P1=0.5×(t / H)×P Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch, t is the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke, and P is the blanking force of the flat cutting edge punch.

8. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The various stress concentration areas of the spokes are determined by CAE analysis method.

9. A punching punch, used to implement the processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The processed surface of the spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas; the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blade portions corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas.

10. A punching tool, characterized in that: Comprising the punching punch as described in claim 9.

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