Multifunctional gravity integrated casting pouring mold

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional gravity integrated casting pouring mold, which comprises a flowability sample lower mold, a flowability sample upper mold, a tensile test bar lower mold, a tensile test bar upper mold and a pouring riser integrated structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of casting mold technology for metal materials, and specifically relates to a multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold. Background Technology

[0002] In the foundry industry, gravity casting molds are an indispensable component. With the gradual development and application of high-pressure die casting and semi-solid die casting technologies for non-ferrous metals, the traditional high-cost, low-efficiency R&D model faces challenges. For example, in the early stages of high-pressure die casting and semi-solid die casting process development, a melting furnace with a melting capacity of at least 300 kg of alloy is typically required. This not only results in significant waste of raw materials but also substantially increases R&D costs. To address this issue, it is of great significance to first employ gravity casting to conduct preliminary microstructure and property testing on non-ferrous metals. However, for ferrous metals, such as cast iron and cast steel, high-pressure die casting and semi-solid die casting processes are currently not suitable, further highlighting the importance of gravity casting.

[0003] In the production of non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum and magnesium alloys) plates, extruded bars, and profiles, high-quality ingots are typically produced first through gravity casting, followed by various heat treatments and processing. Therefore, the quality of the ingots directly affects the performance of the final product, and gravity casting technology and its material optimization are key to improving ingot quality.

[0004] To meet the production needs of enterprises, it is crucial to examine the composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and fluidity of liquid metals. However, traditional testing methods typically require sampling from specific locations on the ingot, which is not only time-consuming but also makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the sampling location, thus affecting the accurate evaluation of the alloy's microstructure and properties. In existing technologies, most research institutions use a single gravity casting mold for testing. For example, to test the fluidity and filling performance of liquid metals, a single spiral mold or a spiral mold is usually used. When examining the microstructure and mechanical properties, different furnace batches or pours of samples are required, necessitating multiple pours to obtain the required specimens. Furthermore, to study the solidification process of liquid metals, separate casting is also required. This means that to evaluate the four key indicators of gravity-cast alloys, at least three separate molds are typically needed for three pours to obtain different specimens. This method is not only cumbersome and time-consuming but also makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of alloy composition, liquid metal pouring temperature, and mold temperature for each pour, thus affecting the stability and consistency of the final alloy composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and fluidity properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multifunctional gravity integrated casting pouring mold, which can realize casting of multiple samples under the same pouring condition, ensure stability and consistency of the obtained samples, and greatly reduce use of raw materials.

[0006] The technical scheme provided by the present application is:

[0007] A multifunctional gravity integrated casting pouring mold comprises:

[0008] A flowability sample lower mold, a top of which is provided with a spiral cavity;

[0009] A flowability sample upper mold, which covers the flowability sample lower mold;

[0010] A tensile test bar lower mold, which abuts against one end of the flowability sample lower mold in the length direction and is fixedly connected with the flowability sample lower mold;

[0011] A tensile test bar upper mold, which is arranged above the tensile test bar lower mold;

[0012] The tensile test bar lower mold is provided with a plurality of first grooves at the top, and the tensile test bar upper mold is provided with a plurality of second grooves at the bottom; the second grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first grooves and combine to form tensile test bar cavities;

[0013] A pouring riser integrated structure, which is detachably connected to the tensile test bar upper mold;

[0014] A first pouring riser, which is arranged at the top of the pouring riser integrated structure and communicates with the spiral cavity through a first runner arranged in the flowability sample upper mold;

[0015] A second pouring riser, which is arranged at the top of the pouring riser integrated structure and simultaneously communicates with a plurality of the tensile test bar cavities through a second runner arranged in the tensile test bar upper mold;

[0016] A pouring cup, which is arranged between the first pouring riser and the second pouring riser, and the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the first pouring riser is less than the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the second pouring riser;

[0017] A triangular sample cavity, which is arranged on the pouring riser integrated structure, and a third pouring riser is formed at the top of the triangular sample cavity;

[0018] A plate sample cavity, which is arranged on the pouring riser integrated structure, and a fourth pouring riser is formed at the top of the plate sample cavity;

[0019] The second pouring riser, the third pouring riser and the fourth pouring riser are sequentially communicated.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of lower mold through holes are arranged in the lower mold of the flowability sample; the lower mold through holes are arranged along the width direction of the lower mold of the flowability sample, and the plurality of lower mold through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the lower mold of the flowability sample.

[0021] A plurality of upper mold through holes are arranged in the upper mold of the flowability sample; the upper mold through holes are arranged in parallel with the lower mold through holes one by one.

[0022] The lower mold through holes and the upper mold through holes are arranged with heating pipes.

[0023] Preferably, a plurality of temperature measuring through holes are arranged in the integrated structure of the pouring gate and the riser from top to bottom on the side corresponding to the triangular sample cavity, and thermocouples are arranged in the temperature measuring through holes.

[0024] Preferably, the cavity wall of the spiral cavity is sprayed with BN coating.

[0025] Preferably, a gate pocket is arranged at the top of the lower mold of the flowability sample, one end of the gate pocket is communicated with the first runner, and the other end is communicated with the spiral cavity.

[0026] Preferably, the first runner is in a cylindrical shape and arranged vertically; the gate pocket is in a cylindrical shape and coaxially arranged with the first runner.

[0027] The diameter of the gate pocket is at least 1.5 times the cross-sectional width of the spiral runner, and the diameter of the first runner is the same as that of the gate pocket.

[0028] Preferably, the ratio of the height of the cup wall at the connection between the gate cup and the first riser to the height of the cup wall at the connection between the gate cup and the second riser is 0.3-0.65.

[0029] Preferably, the second runner is arranged at the center of the upper mold of the tensile test bar; the tensile test bar cavity is in two groups, and the two groups of tensile test bar cavities are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the lower mold of the flowability sample.

[0030] Each group of tensile test bar cavities includes two tensile test bar cavities; the tensile test bar cavities are arranged along the width direction of the lower mold of the flowability sample, and the two tensile test bar cavities in the same group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second runner and communicated with the second runner, respectively.

[0031] Preferably, the two tensile test bar cavities are gradually inclined upward from one end connected with the second runner to the other end away from the second runner, so as to form an included angle between the axis of the tensile test bar cavity and the horizontal plane.

[0032] Preferably, the angle between the axis of the cavity of the tensile test bar and the horizontal plane is 5° to 10°.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold provided by this invention can cast a variety of samples under the same casting conditions, ensuring the stability and consistency of the obtained samples, and can significantly reduce the use of raw materials and improve the casting efficiency of the samples; while reducing costs, it can also reduce carbon emissions, which has significant environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold described in this invention.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 CC section view.

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 DD section view.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper mold of the tensile test bar according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold of the tensile test bar according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0042] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold, which includes: a lower mold 110 for flowability test specimens, an upper mold 120 for flowability test specimens, a lower mold 130 for tensile test specimens, an upper mold 140 for tensile test specimens, and an integrated gating and riser structure 150.

[0043] The lower mold 110 of the flowability sample is horizontally positioned, with a spiral cavity 111 at its top. The cross-section of the spiral cavity 111 is semi-circular, rectangular, trapezoidal, or U-shaped. The length of the spiral cavity 111 is at least 1000 mm, the depth is 10 mm to 12 mm, and the (maximum) width of the cross-section of the spiral cavity 111 is 12 mm to 16 mm. The planar dimensions of the upper mold 120 of the flowability sample are the same as those of the lower mold 110, and it covers the lower mold 110.

[0044] As a preferred, the bottom of the spiral cavity 111 is provided with a scale mark, which facilitates reading the length of the flowability sample, and realizes that the length of the sample can be read without taking out the sample.

[0045] As a further preferred, the cavity wall of the spiral cavity 111 is sprayed with BN paint, so as to facilitate the removal of the flowability sample.

[0046] In this embodiment, the flowability sample upper mold 110 is divided into two parts with the same plane size in the width direction, and is composed of two parts in abutment, so as to facilitate installation and demolding.

[0047] As a preferred, a plurality of lower mold through holes 112 are provided in the flowability sample lower mold 110; the lower mold through holes 112 penetrate the flowability sample lower mold 110 along the width direction of the flowability sample lower mold 110, and the plurality of lower mold through holes 112 are uniformly and spaced apart along the length direction of the flowability sample lower mold 110. A plurality of upper mold through holes 121 are provided in the flowability sample upper mold 120; the upper mold through holes 121 are arranged in parallel one by one corresponding to the lower mold through holes 112. Among them, a heating pipe is placed in each of the lower mold through holes 112 and the upper mold through holes 121, which is used for heating the mold.

[0048] The flowability sample lower mold 110 is provided with a lower mold temperature measuring hole 113, and the flowability sample upper mold 120 is provided with an upper mold temperature measuring hole 122; a thermocouple is placed in each of the lower mold temperature measuring hole 113 and the upper mold temperature measuring hole 122, which is used for measuring the temperature of the mold.

[0049] As a further preferred, a plurality of threaded holes 120a with a diameter of 8mm are provided in the top of the flowability sample upper mold 120, which are used for installing handles, so as to facilitate taking.

[0050] The tensile test bar lower mold 130 abuts against one end of the flowability sample lower mold 110 in the length direction, and is fixedly connected with the flowability sample lower mold 110. The tensile test bar upper mold 140 is arranged above the tensile test bar lower mold 130. Among them, a plurality of first grooves are provided in the top of the tensile test bar lower mold 130, and a second groove is provided in the bottom of the tensile test bar upper mold 140; the second groove is arranged one by one corresponding to the first grooves, and is combined to form a tensile test bar cavity 131.

[0051] In this embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical pins 132 are provided at one end of the tensile test bar lower mold 130, and a plurality of pin holes are provided in the flowability sample lower mold 110 corresponding to the cylindrical pins 132; the cylindrical pins 132 are connected in the pin holes by interference fit, so as to realize the fixed connection of the tensile test bar lower mold 130 and the flowability sample lower mold 110.

[0052] The integrated structure of the runner and the sprue 150 is detachably connected to the tensile test bar upper mold 140. In the embodiment, one end of the integrated structure of the runner and the sprue 150 extends above the flowability test sample upper mold 120, and the other end extends outside the one end of the tensile test bar upper mold 140 away from the flowability test sample lower mold 110, and simultaneously abuts against the tensile test bar upper mold 140 and the upper tensile test bar lower mold 130. The middle position of the integrated structure of the runner and the sprue 150 forms an opening downward recess, and matches and engages with the tensile test bar upper mold 140 through the recess.

[0053] The first runner 151 is arranged at the top of the integrated structure of the runner and the sprue 150, and communicates with the spiral cavity 111 through the first runner 123 arranged in the flowability test sample upper mold 120.

[0054] In the embodiment, the top of the flowability test sample lower mold 110 is provided with a runner nest 114, one end of the runner nest 114 communicates with the first runner 123, and the other end communicates with the spiral cavity 111.

[0055] As a preferred, the first runner 123 is in a cylindrical shape and vertically arranged; the runner nest 114 is in a cylindrical shape and coaxially arranged with the first runner 123. The diameter of the runner nest 114 is at least 1.5 times the cross-sectional (maximum) width of the spiral runner 111, and the diameter of the first runner 123 is the same as that of the runner nest 114.

[0056] The second runner 152 is arranged at the top of the integrated structure of the runner and the sprue 150, and simultaneously communicates with the plurality of tensile test bar cavities 131 through the second runner 141 arranged in the tensile test bar upper mold 140.

[0057] In the embodiment, the second runner 141 is arranged at the central position of the tensile test bar upper mold 140 in the vertical direction, and the top of the second runner 141 is aligned with and communicates with the second runner and sprue 152. The tensile test bar cavities 131 are two groups, and the two groups of tensile test bar cavities 131 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the flowability test sample lower mold 110. Each group of tensile test bar cavities 131 includes two tensile test bar cavities 131; the tensile test bar cavities 131 are arranged along the width direction of the flowability test sample lower mold 110, and the two tensile test bar cavities 130 in the same group are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the second runner 141, and one end of the tensile test bar cavities 130 in the same group respectively communicates with the second runner 141. The lower end of the tensile test bar lower mold 130 is provided with a third runner 133, and the third runner 133 is aligned with and communicates with the second runner 141. That is, the two tensile test bar cavities 130 in the same group are also symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the third runner 133, and one end of the two tensile test bar cavities 130 in the same group respectively communicates with the third runner 133.

[0058] The second runner 141 has a draft angle of 10-15°. The cross-sectional area of the lower end of the second runner 141 is not less than that of the third runner 133, which is conducive to filling and feeding.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the two tensile test bar cavities 131 are gradually inclined upward from the end connected to the second runner 141 to the end away from the second runner 141, so that the axis of the tensile test bar cavity 131 forms an angle with the horizontal plane.

[0060] As a further preferred embodiment, the angle between the axis of the tensile test bar cavity 131 and the horizontal plane is 5-10°. By reasonably setting the degree of inclination of the tensile test bar cavity 131, it is conducive to removing the gas in the tensile test bar cavity 131 and has a sample feeding function.

[0061] In this embodiment, the tensile test bar cavity 131 has a "bone-like" shape, i.e., a shape with a thin middle and thick ends. The tensile test bar cavity 131 can also be provided in a sheet shape or other shapes.

[0062] The tensile test bar cavity 131 in the tensile test bar lower die 130 has two cooling holes 134 extending in the direction of the tensile test bar cavity 131, which are located below the tensile test bar cavity 131 and used for passing cooling water to cool the sample.

[0063] The gate cup 153 is provided between the first and second runners 151 and 152, and the height of the cup wall 151a at the connection between the gate cup 153 and the first runner 151 is less than that of the cup wall 151b at the connection between the gate cup 153 and the second runner 152.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the height of the cup wall 151a at the connection between the gate cup 153 and the first runner 151 to that of the cup wall 151b at the connection between the gate cup 153 and the second runner 152 is 0.3-0.65. This can ensure that after the spiral cavity 111 is filled, the metal liquid still has a certain height for feeding, and then flows to the other cavities. If the ratio is too small, there is too much metal liquid in the gate cup 153, which may flow to the tensile test bar cavity 131 during the filling of the flowability sample, causing the metal liquid to be divided, affecting the filling of the flowability sample, and causing the spiral cavity 111 to be underfilled; if the ratio is too large, it means that the cup wall 151b at the connection between the gate cup 153 and the second runner 152 is higher, which may cause the metal liquid flowing to the tensile test bar cavity 131 to easily overflow the gate cup 153, and may also cause unstable filling.

[0065] The triangular sample cavity 154 is arranged on the integrated structure 150, and the top of the triangular sample cavity 154 forms a third pouring riser. The plate-shaped sample cavity 155 is arranged on the integrated structure 150, and the top of the plate-shaped sample cavity 155 forms a fourth pouring riser. The second pouring riser 152, the third pouring riser and the fourth pouring riser are sequentially communicated through the first cross runner 156 and the second cross runner 157 arranged on the integrated structure 150. Draft angles are arranged on the inner processing surfaces of the integrated structure 150 to facilitate demolding.

[0066] The integrated structure 150 is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring through holes 154a corresponding to the triangular sample cavity 154, and a thermocouple is arranged in each temperature measuring through hole 154a to measure the solidification temperature range of the alloy at different thicknesses.

[0067] In the embodiment, the temperature measuring through holes 154a are equidistantly distributed along the vertical direction, the diameter of each temperature measuring through hole 154a is 1mm-2mm, and the distance between adjacent temperature measuring through holes 154a is 8mm-10mm. The distance between the uppermost temperature measuring through hole 154a and the top of the triangular sample cavity 154 is 1 / 8 of the height of the triangular sample cavity 154, and the distance between the lowermost temperature measuring through hole 154a and the bottom of the triangular sample cavity 154 is 1 / 16 of the height of the triangular sample cavity 154.

[0068] The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold provided by the application realizes the molding of multiple shapes of castings by using an integrated pouring riser structure to sequentially introduce high-temperature molten metal into each cavity. First, due to the difference in the cup wall height of the pouring cup 153 between the first pouring riser 151 and the second pouring riser 152, the molten metal in the pouring cup 153 flows into the first pouring riser 151 first, then flows into the pouring cup recess 114 of the flowability sample lower mold 110 through the first runner 123 of the flowability sample upper mold 120, and then fills the flowability sample; after the flowability sample is filled, the molten metal in the pouring cup 153 flows into the second pouring riser 152, and then flows into the third runner 133 in the tensile test bar mold lower mold 130 through the second runner 141 of the tensile mold upper mold 140, thereby realizing the filling of the tensile test bar; at the same time of filling the tensile test bar, the molten metal flowing through the second pouring riser 152 also flows into the triangular sample cavity 154 through the first cross runner 156, and then flows into the plate-shaped sample cavity 155 (metallographic sample cavity) through the second cross runner 157. Finally, four different function samples (flowability sample, tensile test bar, triangular sample and plate-shaped sample) are molded by one-time casting, and the temperature change of different points of the triangular sample is recorded by a data acquisition instrument, so that the solidification range of the metal at different thicknesses can be obtained.

[0069] The present application can avoid the problem of insufficient liquidity or even insufficient pressure caused by the liquid metal diversion during the liquidity test through reasonable structure design; meanwhile, the mutual interference between various pouring samples can be avoided by reasonably setting the pouring path, so as to ensure the quality of each sample and the stable and reliable effect of each experiment.

[0070] The multifunctional gravity integrated casting pouring mold provided by the present application integrates the four kinds of sample pouring molds together, can realize the pouring of various samples under the same pouring condition, guarantees the stability and consistency of the obtained samples, and can realize the pouring and solidification curve test. Not only can the pouring efficiency be improved, the use of raw materials be greatly reduced, the cost be reduced, but also the carbon emission can be reduced, and the environmental protection benefit is remarkable.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and other modifications can be easily realized by those skilled in the art, therefore, the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A multifunctional gravity-integrated casting mold, characterized in that, include: The lower mold for the flowable sample has a spiral cavity at its top; The upper mold of the flowable sample covers the lower mold of the flowable sample. The lower die of the tensile test bar abuts against one end of the lower die of the flowability test specimen along its length and is fixedly connected to the lower die of the flowability test specimen. The upper die of the tensile test bar is positioned above the lower die of the tensile test bar. The lower die of the tensile test bar has multiple first grooves on its top, and the upper die of the tensile test bar has multiple second grooves on its bottom; the second grooves correspond one-to-one with the first grooves and are combined to form the cavity of the tensile test bar. Two cooling through holes are provided in the extension direction of the tensile test bar cavity in the lower mold of the tensile test bar. The cooling through holes are located below the tensile test bar cavity and are used to introduce cooling water. The gating and riser are integrated into a structure that is detachably connected to the upper mold of the tensile test bar. The first gating and riser is located at the top of the integrated gating and riser structure and communicates with the spiral cavity through the first sprue located in the upper mold of the flowable sample; The second gating and riser is located at the top of the integrated gating and riser structure and is simultaneously connected to the cavities of the tensile test bar through the second sprue located in the upper mold of the tensile test bar. A pouring cup is provided between the first gating and riser and the second gating and riser, wherein the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the first gating and riser is less than the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the second gating and riser. The ratio of the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the first riser to the height of the cup wall at the connection between the pouring cup and the second riser is 0.3 to 0.

65. A triangular sample cavity is formed on the integrated gating and riser structure, and a third gating and riser is formed at the top of the triangular sample cavity; A plate-shaped sample cavity is formed on the integrated gating and riser structure, and a fourth gating and riser is formed at the top of the plate-shaped sample cavity; The second riser, the third riser, and the fourth riser are connected in sequence.

2. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mold of the fluid sample has multiple through holes; the through holes are opened along the width direction of the lower mold of the fluid sample, and the multiple through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the lower mold of the fluid sample. The upper mold of the fluid sample has multiple upper mold through holes; the upper mold through holes and the lower mold through holes are arranged in parallel and correspond one-to-one. Heating tubes are placed in the lower mold through hole and the upper mold through hole.

3. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 2, characterized in that, The integrated gating and riser structure has multiple temperature measuring holes spaced apart from top to bottom on one side corresponding to the triangular sample cavity, and thermocouples are placed in the temperature measuring holes.

4. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 3, characterized in that, The walls of the spiral cavity are coated with BN paint.

5. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The top of the lower mold of the flowability sample is provided with a gate socket, one end of which is connected to the first runner and the other end is connected to the spiral cavity.

6. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first gating system is cylindrical and vertically arranged; the gating socket is cylindrical and coaxially arranged with the first gating system. Wherein, the diameter of the gate socket is at least 1.5 times the cross-sectional width of the spiral runner, and the diameter of the first runner is the same as that of the gate socket.

7. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second runner is located at the center of the upper mold of the tensile test bar; the tensile test bar cavity is divided into two sets, and the two sets of tensile test bar cavities are spaced apart along the length direction of the lower mold of the flowable sample. Each set of tensile test bar cavities includes two tensile test bar cavities; the tensile test bar cavities are arranged along the width direction of the lower mold of the flowable sample, and the two tensile test bar cavities in the same set are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second runner and are respectively connected to the second runner.

8. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two tensile test bar cavities gradually tilt upwards from the end connected to the second runner to the end away from the second runner, so that the axis of the tensile test bar cavity forms an angle with the horizontal plane.

9. The multifunctional gravity integrated casting mold according to claim 8, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the tensile test bar cavity and the horizontal plane is 5° to 10°.

Images