System and process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles through mechanical method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical material preparation, in particular to a system and process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles through a mechanical method.The system comprises a production system, the production system comprises a blade cutting machine, the blade cutting machine is connected with a spiral vibrating screen through a pipeline, and the spiral vibrating screen is provided with a crucible for storing materials in a matched mode; the production system is further provided with a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system in a matched mode, the crucible is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a material-liquid mixing bin in a matched mode, the material-liquid mixing bin is provided with a reaction kettle in a matched mode, the material-liquid mixing bin is connected with a crusher through a pipeline, the crusher is provided with a suspension liquid filter in a matched mode, and the suspension liquid filter is connected with a low-temperature vacuum drying machine. The low-temperature vacuum drying machine is connected with a tubular furnace, the tubular furnace is provided with a grinding machine in a matched mode, and a screening machine is arranged on one side of the grinding machine. By accurately controlling parameters of all steps, high purity and high quality of products are guaranteed, and meanwhile the production efficiency and the product performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical material preparation, and in particular to a system and process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a green and clean energy that is gradually being used. How to produce and use hydrogen is the key to the use of hydrogen energy; acidic water electrolyzers can electrolyze water to convert electrical energy into hydrogen energy, and hydrogen fuel cells are an important application of hydrogen energy. These two clean energy conversion systems are the key to the use of hydrogen energy. In order for these two devices to achieve high performance and high energy conversion efficiency, catalysts with high activity and stability are essential; micro-nano platinum particles (platinum black) have excellent electrocatalytic properties and good corrosion resistance, and are the core catalyst materials for acidic water electrolyzers and hydrogen fuel cells. Therefore, a method for preparing platinum nanocrystals that is simple to operate, low in cost, and with high yield of the target product is of great significance to the application of hydrogen energy.

[0003] Micro-nano platinum particles play an important role in the field of chemical reactions and energy conversion. Their unique catalytic properties, especially their applications in catalytic electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and as fuel cell power generation, are providing new prospects for achieving sustainable energy and clean technology. The characteristics of micro-nano platinum particles in staged catalytic oxidation and reduction at room temperature make them an important catalyst. Especially for mixtures such as methanol, ethanol, hydrogen and air, nano-platinum powder can promote the oxidation and reduction of these gases in stages at room temperature and produce continuous heat release or electrical energy effects. It has the characteristics of good catalytic effect and lasting stability.

[0004] When producing micro-nano platinum particles, chemical reagents such as chloroplatinic acid are usually used as raw materials, and formaldehyde, hydrazine, etc. are used as reducing agents to produce nano platinum black, carbon-supported platinum and other catalysts. These methods have disadvantages such as wastewater pollution and low yield. Patent 201180050597.5 proposes a method for manufacturing oxide-dispersed platinum alloys, which does not perform cold treatment before crushing, resulting in low crushing efficiency, and the product is mainly used as a plate rather than a catalyst.

[0005] In order to change the above shortcomings, developing a production and preparation method of efficient, environmentally friendly and high-yield micro-nano platinum catalyst has important application value and environmental benefits. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve some of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a system and process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by a mechanical method to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by a mechanical method, including a production system, wherein the production system includes a blade cutting machine, the blade cutting machine is connected to a spiral vibrating screen through a pipeline, the spiral vibrating screen is equipped with a crucible for storing materials, the production system is also equipped with a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system, the crucible is equipped with a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a liquid-material mixing warehouse, the liquid-material mixing warehouse is equipped with a reactor, the liquid-material mixing warehouse is connected to a crusher through a pipeline, the crusher is equipped with a suspension filter, the suspension filter is connected to a low-temperature vacuum dryer, the low-temperature vacuum dryer is connected to a tubular furnace, the tubular furnace is equipped with a grinder, and a screening machine is provided on one side of the grinder.

[0008] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, the process includes a material preparation stage, a material reaction and crushing stage, and a material drying and screening stage. The material preparation stage includes the following steps

[0009] Step 1: Select high-quality, high-purity platinum metal flakes as the starting material, ensure that there are no cracks, inclusions, and maintain a high surface finish. Cut the metal platinum sheet raw material into 1.8-3mm wide strips through a blade cutter. After cutting, the material is weighed and sorted through a spiral vibrating screen and then transported to different crucibles for the next step of processing;

[0010] Step 2: Place the material together with several groups of crucibles into a liquid nitrogen storage tank and cool to -196°C for 0.3-3 hours. At the same time, prepare crushers with different powers. The crushing process adopts periodic operation, with a cycle of 3 hours. Each crushing lasts for 10 minutes, followed by a 2-minute shutdown to avoid overheating of the equipment and excessive crushing of the material. Set the metal platinum sheet raw materials and crushers one by one;

[0011] Step 3: The raw water is subjected to multi-stage filtration and deionization treatment through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system to remove ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water, and the raw water is made into deionized water through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system.

[0012] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, wherein the material reaction and crushing stage comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: In the material-liquid mixing bin, the weighed platinum particles are mixed with the prepared deionized water. The flow rate and mixing ratio of the liquid are precisely controlled by adjusting the flow regulating valve and the flow meter to ensure that the concentration of the suspension meets the predetermined requirements. During the mixing process, a stirrer is used to stir the suspension sufficiently to ensure that the platinum particles are evenly distributed in the suspension.

[0014] Step 2: continuously conveying a mixture of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing bin. After conveying the mixture to the material-liquid mixing bin for a certain period of time, the mixed liquid level detector in the material-liquid mixing bin detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches a specified standard. Then, the material-liquid mixing bin conveys the mixture of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the reactor, and simultaneously starts the fluorine lining pump device.

[0015] Step 3: transport the mixed liquid into the reactor for reaction. After the reaction in the reactor is completed, the mixed material is sent to the liquid-solid mixing bin, and the solid-liquid ratio detection device is started. When the ratio of the platinum particle material to the liquid in the liquid-solid mixing bin does not meet the standard, the feeding device is started to add materials for secondary mixing;

[0016] Step 4: continuously conveying the mixed liquid of the platinum particle material and the prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing bin. After conveying the mixed liquid to the material-liquid mixing bin for a certain period of time, the mixed liquid level detector located in the material-liquid mixing bin detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches a specified standard, and then the material-liquid mixing bin conveys the mixed liquid of the platinum particle material and the prepared deionized water into the crusher.

[0017] Step 5: After a certain period of time, the mixed solution of platinum particles and prepared deionized water is transported into the crusher, and then the mixed solution is stopped. After confirming that the equipment is in good condition and the parameters are set correctly, the crusher is started for crushing operation;

[0018] Step 6: After the crusher is started, pay attention to its operating status to ensure that the blade rotates smoothly without abnormal vibration or noise. During the crushing process, it is necessary to observe the feed speed of the suspension, the vibration of the crusher, the particle size of the output material and other indicators to determine whether the crushing effect meets the expectations. Continue crushing for 0.3-3 hours, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes. During the crushing process, add water to the crusher in time;

[0019] Step 7: After the crushing process inside the crusher is completed, the crushed material is sent to the reactor for secondary reaction, and mixed and stirred inside the reactor. When the reaction in the reactor is completed, the mixed material is sent to the crusher for secondary crushing, and water is added in time.

[0020] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, wherein the material drying and screening stage comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: The platinum particle suspension crushed in the crusher is quickly transported to the suspension filter, and then transported to the low-temperature vacuum dryer through the suspension filter. In the low-temperature vacuum dryer, the temperature is controlled between 60-90°C;

[0022] Step 2: Turn on the vacuum pump and perform low-temperature vacuum drying on the suspension. The drying time is adjusted according to the concentration of the suspension and the performance of the low-temperature vacuum dryer. The drying time is generally 0.3-3 hours. During the drying process, pay attention to the operating status of the low-temperature vacuum dryer and the drying condition of the platinum particles to ensure that the platinum particles can be dried evenly and fully.

[0023] Step 3: transporting the platinum raw material after drying in step 12 to a tube furnace for heat treatment. During the heat treatment process, the temperature of the tube furnace is controlled at about 500° C., the heat treatment reaction time is about 3 hours, and hydrogen is introduced as a reaction gas;

[0024] Step 4: After the heat treatment is completed, the platinum particles are taken out of the tube furnace and immediately cooled. During the cooling process, it is necessary to ensure that the platinum particles will not crack or deform due to the rapid temperature change. After cooling, the platinum particles are collected;

[0025] Step 5: Feed the platinum particles prepared in step 14 into a grinder. During the grinding process, closely observe the state of the workpiece and the grinding medium to ensure that the grinding effect is as expected and the platinum metal flakes are broken into smaller particles;

[0026] Step 6: Input the qualified particle size materials after processing by the grinder into the screening machine, which will further screen the materials. Materials larger than the particle size requirements will be returned to the grinder for reprocessing, while materials with qualified particle sizes will enter the next step of processing.

[0027] When the present invention is working, high-quality and high-purity platinum metal flakes are selected as the starting raw material, and a blade-type cutter is used to accurately cut the metal platinum sheet raw material into long strips with a width of 1.8-3 mm. The cut materials are placed in a liquid nitrogen storage tank together with a plurality of groups of crucibles, cooled to -196°C and maintained for 0.3-3 hours to reduce the temperature of the material, so that it is easier to handle in the subsequent crushing process, and at the same time reduce the influence of the heat generated by the crushing on the material performance; at the same time, crushers with different powers are prepared, and according to the properties of the material and the processing requirements, the metal platinum sheet raw material and the crusher are set one by one to ensure the uniformity of the crushing effect.

[0028] The raw water is subjected to multi-stage filtration and deionization treatment through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system to remove ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water. The prepared deionized water will be used to mix with the platinum particle material.

[0029] In the material-liquid mixing bin, the weighed platinum particle material is mixed with the prepared deionized water. By adjusting the flow control valve and flow meter, the flow rate and mixing ratio of the liquid are precisely controlled to ensure that the concentration of the suspension meets the predetermined requirements. During the mixing process, an agitator is used for sufficient stirring to ensure that the platinum particles are evenly distributed in the suspension.

[0030] The mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water is continuously conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin. When the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the specified standard, the mixed liquid is conveyed to the reactor from the material-liquid mixing bin, and the fluorine-lined pump device is started. In the reactor, the mixed liquid reacts, and after the reaction is completed, the mixed material is conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin for secondary treatment. When the ratio of platinum particle material to liquid in the material-liquid mixing bin does not meet the standard, the feeding device is started to add material for secondary mixing.

[0031] The mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water is continuously conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin. After conveying the mixed liquid to the material-liquid mixing bin for a certain period of time, the mixed liquid level detector located in the material-liquid mixing bin detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the specified standard. Then, the material-liquid mixing bin conveys the mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water into the crusher for timely water replenishment.

[0032] After conveying the mixture of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the crusher for a certain period of time, stop conveying the mixture. After confirming that the equipment is in good condition and the parameters are set correctly, start the crusher for crushing operation, and send the crushed material into the reactor for secondary reaction. At the same time, mix and stir inside the reactor. After the reaction in the reactor is completed, send the mixed material to the crusher for secondary crushing, and add water in time.

[0033] After the reaction and crushing, the material is transported to the suspension filter for filtration to remove impurities and particles. The filtered suspension is transported to the low-temperature vacuum dryer for drying. During the drying process, the system controls parameters such as temperature and time to ensure that the platinum particles can be dried evenly and fully. After drying, the material is transported to the tube furnace for heat treatment. During the heat treatment process, the system controls parameters such as temperature and time of the tube furnace to make the material react and crystallize under specific conditions. After the heat treatment, the material is taken out and cooled. During the cooling process, the system strictly controls parameters such as cooling speed and temperature to prevent the material from cracking or deforming due to rapid temperature changes. Finally, the ground material is input into the screening machine for screening. The screening machine performs classification according to the particle size of the material. The material larger than the particle size requirement is returned to the grinder for reprocessing, while the material with qualified particle size enters the next step of processing.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a system and process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by a mechanical method. The beneficial effects of the present invention are specifically embodied in the following aspects:

[0035] High quality and purity guaranteed:

[0036] By selecting high-quality, high-purity platinum metal flakes as the starting material and undergoing strict cutting, sorting and subsequent processing, the purity and quality of the final product are ensured, meeting the high requirements for platinum metal in high-end application fields.

[0037] Precise control and optimized processing:

[0038] A variety of precise control technologies are used throughout the process, such as flow control valves and flow meters to precisely control the mixing ratio, liquid level detectors to monitor the liquid level of the mixed liquid, and solid-liquid ratio detection devices to ensure that the ratio of material to liquid meets the standard. These precise control measures optimize the processing and improve the stability and consistency of the product.

[0039] Efficient reaction and crushing:

[0040] The reaction efficiency and crushing effect are improved through the periodic operation of the reactor and crusher, as well as the reasonable setting of mixing, reaction and crushing time. At the same time, timely water is added to the crusher during the crushing process to ensure the smooth progress of the crushing process and the full crushing of the material.

[0041] Environmental protection and sustainable development:

[0042] The use of a reverse osmosis deionization system to prepare deionized water reduces the impact of ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water on platinum metal, while also reducing wastewater discharge, which is beneficial to environmental protection. In addition, the entire process focuses on the recycling of resources and the treatment of waste materials, which meets the requirements of sustainable development.

[0043] Improve production efficiency and reduce costs:

[0044] Through reasonable process design and equipment configuration, production efficiency is improved and processing costs are reduced. For example, through the coordinated use of grinders and sifters, fine processing and effective recycling of materials are achieved, reducing the generation of waste and waste of resources.

[0045] Product performance improvement:

[0046] The performance of the platinum particles has been significantly improved through heat treatment, cooling, grinding and screening. The introduction of hydrogen as a reaction gas during the heat treatment process helps to improve the microstructure and performance of the platinum particles. At the same time, the grinding and screening steps ensure that the particle size of the final product meets the requirements, improving the uniformity and consistency of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the device in the material preparation stage of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the device for the material reaction and crushing stage of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the device for material drying and screening stage of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 4 The Pt particles are shown under a scanning electron microscope at 2000 times magnification after being crushed. Figure 4 , nanoparticles smaller than 1 micron can be seen.

[0052] Figure 5 The Pt particles are shown under a scanning electron microscope at 2000 times magnification after being crushed. Figure 5 , nanoparticles smaller than 1 micron can be seen.

[0053] Figure 6 The Pt particles are shown under a scanning electron microscope at 3000 times magnification after being crushed. Figure 6 , nanoparticles smaller than 1 micron can be seen.

[0054] Figure 7 This is the performance curve of a water electrolyzer made with crushed platinum particles as catalyst.

[0055] Figure 8 The scanning electron microscope combined with EDX analysis results of the crushed platinum particles show that the prepared platinum particles are platinum-iron alloy particles with blue color.

[0056] Among them, 1 blade cutting machine, 2 spiral vibrating screen, 3 crucible, 4 reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system, 5 liquid nitrogen storage tank, 6 liquid-material mixing bin, 7 reactor, 8 crusher, 9 suspension filter, 10 low-temperature vacuum dryer, 11 tubular furnace, 12 grinder, 13 screening machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution in this application, Figure 1-8 The present invention is further described. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1-8A system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by a mechanical method shown in the figure includes a production system, wherein the production system includes a blade cutting machine 1, wherein the blade cutting machine 1 is provided with a spiral vibrating screen 2 through a pipeline connection, wherein the spiral vibrating screen 2 is provided with a crucible 3 for storing materials, wherein the production system is further provided with a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system 4, wherein the crucible 3 is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 and a material-liquid mixing bin 6, wherein the material-liquid mixing bin 6 is provided with a reactor 7, wherein the material-liquid mixing bin 6 is provided with a crusher 8 through a pipeline connection, wherein the crusher 8 is provided with a suspension filter 9, wherein the suspension filter 9 is connected to a low-temperature vacuum dryer 10, wherein the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10 is connected to a tubular furnace 11, wherein the tubular furnace 11 is provided with a grinder 12, wherein a sieving machine 13 is provided on one side of the grinder 12.

[0059] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, the process includes a material preparation stage, a material reaction and crushing stage, and a material drying and screening stage, wherein the material preparation stage includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Select high-quality, high-purity platinum metal flakes as the starting material, ensure that there are no cracks, inclusions, and maintain a high surface finish, cut the metal platinum sheet raw material into 1.8-3mm wide strips through a blade cutter, weigh the cut material, and then pass it through a spiral vibrating screen 2 for sorting and transport it to different crucibles 3 for the next step of processing;

[0061] Step 2: Place the material together with several groups of crucibles 3 into a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 and cool to -196°C for 0.3-3h. Meanwhile, prepare crushers 8 with different powers. The crushing process adopts periodic operation, with a cycle of 3 hours. Each crushing lasts for 10 minutes, followed by a 2-minute shutdown to avoid overheating of the equipment and excessive crushing of the material. The metal platinum sheet raw material and the crusher 8 are set one by one;

[0062] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, wherein the material reaction and crushing stage comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: The raw water is subjected to multi-stage filtration and deionization treatment through the reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system 4 to remove ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water, and the raw water is made into deionized water through the reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system 4.

[0064] Step 2: In the material-liquid mixing bin 6, the weighed platinum particle material is mixed with the prepared deionized water, and the flow rate and mixing ratio of the liquid are accurately controlled by adjusting the flow regulating valve and the flow meter to ensure that the concentration of the suspension reaches the predetermined requirements. During the mixing process, a stirrer is used to stir the suspension sufficiently to ensure that the platinum particles are evenly distributed in the suspension.

[0065] Step 3: continuously conveying the mixed solution of platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing bin 6. After conveying the mixed solution to the material-liquid mixing bin 6 for a certain period of time, the mixed solution level detector in the material-liquid mixing bin 6 detects that the liquid level of the mixed solution reaches a specified standard. Then, the material-liquid mixing bin 6 conveys the mixed solution of platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the reactor 7, and simultaneously starts the fluorine lining pump device.

[0066] Step 4: transport the mixed liquid into the reactor 7 for reaction. After the reaction in the reactor 7 is completed, the mixed material is transported to the liquid-solid mixing bin 6. At the same time, the solid-liquid ratio detection device is started. When the ratio of the platinum particle material to the liquid in the liquid-solid mixing bin 6 does not meet the standard, the feeding device is started to add materials for secondary mixing.

[0067] Step 7: continuously conveying the mixed solution of platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing bin 6. After conveying the mixed solution into the material-liquid mixing bin 6 for a certain period of time, the mixed solution level detector in the material-liquid mixing bin 6 detects that the liquid level of the mixed solution reaches a specified standard, and then the material-liquid mixing bin 6 conveys the mixed solution of platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the crusher 8.

[0068] Step 5: After the mixed solution of platinum particles and prepared deionized water is transported into the crusher 8 for a certain period of time, the mixed solution is stopped from being transported, and after confirming that the equipment is in good condition and the parameters are set correctly, the crusher 8 is started to perform the crushing operation;

[0069] Step 6: After the crusher 8 is started, pay attention to its operating status to ensure that the blade rotates smoothly without abnormal vibration or noise. During the crushing process, it is necessary to observe the feed speed of the suspension, the vibration of the crusher 8, the particle size of the discharge and other indicators to determine whether the crushing effect meets the expectations. Continue crushing for 0.3-3 hours, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes. During the crushing process, add water to the crusher 8 in time;

[0070] Step 7: After the crushing process inside the crusher 8 is completed, the crushed material is sent to the reactor 7 for secondary reaction, and at the same time, mixing and stirring are carried out inside the reactor 7. When the reaction in the reactor 7 is completed, the mixed material is sent to the crusher 8 for secondary crushing, and water is added in time.

[0071] A process for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, wherein the material drying and screening stage comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: The platinum particle suspension crushed in the crusher 8 is quickly transported to the suspension filter 9, and then transported to the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10 through the suspension filter 9. In the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10, the temperature is controlled between 60-90° C.;

[0073] Step 2: Turn on the vacuum pump to perform low-temperature vacuum drying on the suspension. The drying time is adjusted according to the concentration of the suspension and the performance of the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10. The drying time is generally 0.3-3 hours. During the drying process, pay attention to the operating state of the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10 and the drying condition of the platinum particles to ensure that the platinum particles can be dried evenly and fully.

[0074] Step 3: transport the platinum raw material after drying in step 2 to the tube furnace 11 for heat treatment. During the heat treatment process, the temperature of the tube furnace 11 is controlled at about 500° C., the heat treatment reaction time is about 3 hours, and hydrogen is introduced as a reaction gas;

[0075] Step 4: After the heat treatment is completed, the platinum particles are taken out from the tube furnace 11 and immediately cooled. During the cooling process, it is necessary to ensure that the platinum particles will not crack or deform due to the rapid temperature change. After cooling, the platinum particles are collected;

[0076] Step 5: The platinum particles prepared in step 4 are fed into a grinder 12. During the grinding process, the state of the workpiece and the grinding medium is closely observed to ensure that the grinding effect is as expected and the platinum metal flakes are broken into smaller particles.

[0077] Step 6: The qualified particle size material after being processed by the grinder 12 is input into the screening machine 13, and the screening machine 13 will further screen the material. The material larger than the particle size requirement will be returned to the grinder 12 for further processing, and the material with the qualified particle size will enter the next step of processing.

[0078] When the present invention is working, high-quality, high-purity platinum metal flakes are selected as the starting raw material, and a blade-type cutter is used to accurately cut the metal platinum sheet raw material into long strips with a width of 1.8-3 mm. The cut material is placed in a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 together with several groups of crucibles 3, cooled to -196°C and maintained for 0.3-3 hours to reduce the temperature of the material, making it easier to handle in the subsequent crushing process, while reducing the influence of the heat generated by the crushing on the material properties; at the same time, crushers 8 of different powers are prepared, and the metal platinum sheet raw material and the crusher 8 are set one by one according to the properties of the material and the processing requirements to ensure the uniformity of the crushing effect.

[0079] The raw water is subjected to multi-stage filtration and deionization treatment through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system 4 to remove ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water, and the prepared deionized water will be used to mix with the platinum particle material.

[0080] In the material-liquid mixing bin 6, the weighed platinum particle material is mixed with the prepared deionized water. By adjusting the flow regulating valve and the flow meter, the flow rate and mixing ratio of the liquid are accurately controlled to ensure that the concentration of the suspension meets the predetermined requirements; during the mixing process, an agitator is used for sufficient stirring to ensure that the platinum particles are evenly distributed in the suspension.

[0081] The mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water is continuously conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin 6. When the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the specified standard, the material-liquid mixing bin 6 conveys the mixed liquid to the reactor 7, and the fluorine-lined pump device is started. In the reactor 7, the mixed liquid reacts, and after the reaction is completed, the mixed material is conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin 6 for secondary treatment. When the ratio of platinum particle material to liquid in the material-liquid mixing bin 6 does not meet the standard, the feeding device is started to add material for secondary mixing.

[0082] The mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water is continuously conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin 6. After the mixed liquid has been conveyed to the material-liquid mixing bin 6 for a certain period of time, the mixed liquid level detector located in the material-liquid mixing bin 6 detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the specified standard. Then, the material-liquid mixing bin 6 conveys the mixed liquid of platinum particle material and prepared deionized water to the crusher 8 for timely water replenishment.

[0083] After conveying the mixed liquid of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the crusher 8 for a certain period of time, stop conveying the mixed liquid, and after confirming that the equipment is in good condition and the parameters are set correctly, start the crusher 8 for crushing operation, and send the crushed material into the reactor 7 for secondary reaction. At the same time, mixing and stirring are carried out inside the reactor 7. After the reaction in the reactor 7 is completed, the mixed material is sent to the crusher 8 for secondary crushing, and water is added in time.

[0084] After the reaction and crushing treatment, the material is transported to the suspension filter 9 for filtering treatment to remove impurities and particles therein, and the filtered suspension is transported to the low-temperature vacuum dryer 10 for drying treatment. During the drying process, the system controls parameters such as temperature and time to ensure that the platinum particles can be dried evenly and fully; after drying, the material is transported to the tubular furnace 11 for heat treatment; during the heat treatment process, the system controls parameters such as temperature and time of the tubular furnace 11 to make the material react and crystallize under specific conditions; after the heat treatment is completed, the material is taken out and cooled. During the cooling process, the system strictly controls parameters such as cooling speed and temperature to prevent the material from cracking or deforming due to rapid temperature changes; finally, the ground material is input into the screening machine 13 for screening treatment. The screening machine 13 performs classification according to the particle size of the material. The material larger than the particle size requirement is returned to the grinder 12 for reprocessing, and the material with a qualified particle size enters the next step of processing.

[0085] Embodiment 1:

[0086] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw material A marked as 99.999% weighs 2g and is cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm.

[0087] Then, the long narrow platinum sheet is placed in an iron crucible 3 and put into a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 to cool to -196°C and keep for 0.5h to improve its cold brittleness. A crusher 8a is prepared and marked, and the power is 200W (W in capital letters is the same);

[0088] Set the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material A and the crusher 8a accordingly; then add a certain amount of deionized water into the crusher 8a, and immediately put 2g of 99.999% (with intervals) of the metal platinum sheet raw material A into the crusher 8a for water-containing crushing and ensure that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material A, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0089] Use crusher 8a to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 1 hour, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes every 10 minutes to cool and observe and record;

[0090] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher 8a is filtered to form a new raw material A1, and data is recorded in real time;

[0091] Drying was performed using a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace 11 and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A1 was ground and sieved to obtain a raw material A1 with an average particle size of 30 microns and a weight of 1.95 g;

[0092] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0093] Embodiment 2:

[0094] The working process of the present invention is as follows: prepare and weigh the shredded 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material, mark it as 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material B, weigh 2g and shred it into 2mm wide long narrow platinum sheets, put it into a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 and cool it to -196°C for 1 hour to improve its cold brittleness.

[0095] Prepare a 200w crusher 8 and mark it as b, wherein the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material B and the crusher 8b are set correspondingly; then add a certain amount of deionized water into the crusher 8b, put 2g of the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material B into the crusher 8b for water-containing crushing and ensure that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material B, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0096] Use crusher 8b to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 1 hour, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes;

[0097] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher 8b is filtered to form new raw material A2, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0098] Drying was performed using a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace 11 and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A2 was ground and sieved to obtain a raw material with an average particle size of 25 microns and a weight of 1.92 g;

[0099] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0100] Embodiment three:

[0101] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials C marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 and cooled to -196°C for 1.5 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0102] Prepare and mark the crusher 8c, with a power of 200w,

[0103] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material C and crusher 8c are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to the crusher 8c, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material C is put into the crusher 8c for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material C, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0104] Use crusher 8c to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 1 hour, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes every 10 minutes to cool and observe and record;

[0105] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher 8c is filtered to form new raw material A3, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0106] Drying was performed using a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace 11 and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A3 having an average particle size of 20 microns and a weight of 1.9 g was obtained by grinding and sieving;

[0107] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0108] Embodiment 4:

[0109] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials D marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in a liquid nitrogen storage tank 5 and cooled to -196°C for 2 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0110] Prepare and mark the crusher 8d, with a power of 200w,

[0111] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material D and crusher 8d are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to crusher 8d, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material D is put into crusher 8d for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material D, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0112] Use the crusher 8d to continuously crush the 99.999% platinum sheet material for 1 hour, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes every 10 minutes to cool and observe and record;

[0113] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher 8d is filtered to form new raw material A4, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0114] Drying was performed using a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace 11 and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A4 was ground and sieved to obtain a raw material A4 with an average particle size of 20 microns and a weight of 1.9 g;

[0115] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0116] Embodiment five:

[0117] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials E marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in liquid nitrogen and cooled to -196°C for 1.5 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0118] Prepare and mark the crusher E separately, with a power of 500w,

[0119] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material E and crusher e are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to the crusher e, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material E is put into the crusher e for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material E, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0120] Use crusher e to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 1 hour, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes;

[0121] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher e is filtered to form new raw material A5, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0122] Drying was performed in a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A5 was ground and sieved to obtain a raw material A5 with an average particle size of 15 microns and a weight of 1.89 g;

[0123] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0124] Embodiment six:

[0125] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials F marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in liquid nitrogen and cooled to -196°C for 1.5 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0126] Prepare and mark the crusher F, with a power of 500w,

[0127] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material F and crusher f are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to the crusher f, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material F is put into the crusher f for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material F, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0128] Use crusher f to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 1.5 hours, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes;

[0129] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher f is filtered to form new raw material A6, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0130] Drying was performed in a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A6 with an average particle size of 13 microns and a weight of 1.88 g was obtained by grinding and sieving;

[0131] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0132] Embodiment seven:

[0133] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials G marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in liquid nitrogen and cooled to -196°C for 1.5 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0134] Prepare and mark the crusher g separately, with a power of 500w,

[0135] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material G and crusher g are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to the crusher g, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material G is put into the crusher g for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material G, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0136] Use crusher g to continuously crush 99.999% of the metal platinum sheet raw material for 2 hours, excluding the cooling machine time, and stop the machine for 2 minutes to cool down and observe and record every 10 minutes;

[0137] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher g is filtered to form new raw material A7, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0138] Drying was performed in a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A7 with an average particle size of 10 microns and a weight of 1.87 g was obtained by grinding and sieving;

[0139] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0140] Embodiment eight:

[0141] The working process of the present invention is as follows: 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw materials are prepared and weighed respectively, and the metal platinum sheet raw materials H marked as 99.999% weigh 2g and are cut into long and narrow platinum sheets with a width of 2mm, and are placed in liquid nitrogen and cooled to -196°C for 1.5 hours to improve their cold brittleness.

[0142] Prepare and mark the crusher h, power 500w,

[0143] 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material H and crusher h are set correspondingly; then a certain amount of deionized water is added to the crusher h, and 2g of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material H is put into the crusher h for water-containing crushing and it is ensured that the deionized water completely submerges the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material H, so as to avoid the generation of platinum particle smoke;

[0144] Use crusher h to continuously crush 99.999% platinum metal flakes for 2.5 hours, excluding cooling time, and stop for 2 minutes every 10 minutes to cool and observe and record;

[0145] After the crushing is completed, the suspension containing platinum black in the crusher h is filtered to form new raw material A8, and the data is recorded in real time;

[0146] Drying was performed in a vacuum dryer at 80°C; drying was continued for 1 hour; the platinum particles were placed in a tube furnace and heat treated at 500°C in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 hours; after the heat treatment, the raw material A8 with an average particle size of 10 microns and a weight of 1.87 g was obtained by grinding and sieving;

[0147] The desired fine particles thus formed are reserved for use as platinum black catalyst.

[0148] In the above-mentioned Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4, when the crusher power is 200w and the weight of the 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material is 2g, the time of cooling to -196°C in liquid nitrogen increases from 0.5h to 1.5h in sequence. The average particle size of the platinum particles obtained after crushing, filtering and drying is smaller and is between 30um and 20um. At the same time, the loss is greater, and the weight of the fine platinum particles decreases from 1.95g to 1.92g; when the time of cooling to -196°C in liquid nitrogen is more than 1.5h to 2h, the particle size of the obtained platinum particles is 20um and the weight is 1.9g. It can be concluded that Example 3 among Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4 is the best solution.

[0149] In the above-mentioned Example 5, Example 6, Example 7 and Example 8, when the crusher power is 500w and the weight of 99.999% metal platinum sheet raw material is 2g, the time of cooling to -196°C in liquid nitrogen remains unchanged, which is 1.5h. The crushing time is successively increased from 1h to 2h, and the average particle size of the platinum particles obtained by filtration and drying is smaller and is between 15um-10um. At the same time, the greater the loss, the weight of the fine platinum particles decreases from 1.89g to 1.87g; the crushing time is then increased from 2h to more than 2.5h, and the average particle size of the platinum particles obtained by filtration and drying is 10um, and the weight is 1.87g; it is concluded that among Example 5, Example 6, Example 7 and Example 8, Example 7 is the best solution.

[0150] Comparing the above-mentioned embodiments 3 and 7, the greater the crusher power, the smaller the average particle size of the obtained platinum particles and the greater the loss; when platinum particles with an average particle size of 20 microns are required, embodiment 3 is the best solution, and when platinum particles with an average particle size of 10um are required, embodiment 7 is the best solution.

[0151] Take any one of the platinum particles obtained in the above-mentioned Example 3 and Example 7 as a catalyst and assemble them into a 22 cm 2 The performance curve of the PEM electrolyzer is shown in the figure below. Figure 4 shown.

[0152] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, technicians in this field can make some substitutions and deformations to some technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method, comprising a production system, characterized in that: The production system comprises a blade cutting machine (1), the blade cutting machine (1) is provided with a spiral vibrating screen (2) via a pipeline, the spiral vibrating screen (2) is provided with a crucible (3) for storing materials, the production system is further provided with a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system (4), the crucible (3) is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank (5) and a material-liquid mixing chamber (6), the material-liquid mixing chamber (6) is provided with a reaction kettle (7), the material-liquid mixing chamber (6) is provided with a crusher (8) via a pipeline, the crusher (8) is provided with a suspension filter (9), the suspension filter (9) is connected to a low-temperature vacuum dryer (10), the low-temperature vacuum dryer (10) is provided with a tubular furnace (11), the tubular furnace (11) is provided with a grinder (12), and a sieving machine (13) is provided on one side of the grinder (12).

2. The process of a system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process includes a material preparation stage, a material reaction and crushing stage, and a material drying and screening stage. The material preparation stage includes the following steps: Step 1: Select high-quality, high-purity platinum metal flakes as the starting material, ensure that there are no cracks or inclusions, and maintain a high surface finish. Cut the metal platinum flakes into strips with a width of 1.8-3 mm using a blade cutter. After the cutting is completed, the material is weighed and sorted through a spiral vibrating screen (2) and then transported to different crucibles (3) for the next step of processing; Step 2: Place the material together with several groups of crucibles (3) into a liquid nitrogen storage tank (5) and cool to -196°C for 0.3-3 hours. Meanwhile, prepare crushers (8) of different powers. The crushing process is operated periodically, with a cycle of 3 hours. Each crushing lasts for 10 minutes, followed by a 2-minute stop to avoid overheating of the equipment and excessive crushing of the material. The metal platinum sheet raw material and the crusher (8) are set in a one-to-one correspondence; Step 3: The raw water is subjected to multi-stage filtration and deionization treatment through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system (4) to remove ions, impurities and microorganisms in the water, and the raw water is made into deionized water through a reverse osmosis electrodeionization device system (4).

3. The process of a system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material reaction and crushing stage comprises the following steps: Step 1: In the material-liquid mixing chamber (6), the weighed platinum particles are mixed with the prepared deionized water, and the flow rate and mixing ratio of the liquid are accurately controlled by adjusting the flow control valve and the flow meter to ensure that the concentration of the suspension reaches the predetermined requirements. During the mixing process, a stirrer is used to stir the suspension sufficiently to ensure that the platinum particles are evenly distributed in the suspension. Step 2: continuously conveying a mixed solution of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing chamber (6); after conveying the mixed solution into the material-liquid mixing chamber (6) for a certain period of time, a mixed solution level detector located in the material-liquid mixing chamber (6) detects that the liquid level of the mixed solution reaches a specified standard, and then the material-liquid mixing chamber (6) conveys the mixed solution of platinum particles and prepared deionized water into the reaction kettle (7), and simultaneously starts the fluorine lining pump device; Step 3: transporting the mixed liquid into a reaction kettle (7) for reaction. When the reaction in the reaction kettle (7) is completed, the mixed material is transported to a material-liquid mixing bin (6), and a solid-liquid ratio detection device is started at the same time. When the ratio of the platinum particle material to the liquid in the material-liquid mixing bin (6) does not meet the standard, a feeding device is started to add material for secondary mixing. Step 4: continuously conveying the mixed liquid of the platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the material-liquid mixing bin (6); after conveying the mixed liquid into the material-liquid mixing bin (6) for a certain period of time, the mixed liquid level detector located in the material-liquid mixing bin (6) detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches a specified standard, and then the material-liquid mixing bin (6) conveys the mixed liquid of the platinum particles and the prepared deionized water into the crusher (8); Step 5: After a certain period of time, the mixed solution of the platinum particles and the prepared deionized water is transported into the crusher (8), the transport of the mixed solution is stopped, and after confirming that the equipment is in good condition and the parameters are set correctly, the crusher (8) is started to perform the crushing operation; Step 6: After the crusher (8) is started, pay attention to its operating status to ensure that the blades rotate smoothly without abnormal vibration or noise. During the crushing process, it is necessary to observe the feed speed of the suspension, the vibration of the crusher (8), the particle size of the output material and other indicators to determine whether the crushing effect has reached the expected level. The crushing is continued for 0.3-3 hours, and the machine is stopped for 2 minutes every 10 minutes to cool down and observe and record. During the crushing process, water is added to the crusher (8) in a timely manner; Step 7: After the crushing process inside the crusher (8) is completed, the crushed material is sent to the reactor (7) for secondary reaction. At the same time, mixing and stirring are performed inside the reactor (7). When the reaction in the reactor (7) is completed, the mixed material is sent to the crusher (8) for secondary crushing, and water is added in time.

4. The process of a system for obtaining micro-nano platinum particles by mechanical method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material drying and screening stage comprises the following steps: Step 1: The platinum particle suspension crushed in the crusher (8) is quickly transported to the suspension filter (9), and then transported to the low-temperature vacuum dryer (10) through the suspension filter (9). In the low-temperature vacuum dryer (10), the temperature is controlled between 60-90° C.; Step 2: Turn on the vacuum pump to perform low-temperature vacuum drying on the suspension. The drying time is adjusted according to the concentration of the suspension and the performance of the low-temperature vacuum dryer (10). The drying time is generally 0.3-3 hours. During the drying process, pay attention to the operating state of the low-temperature vacuum dryer (10) and the drying state of the platinum particles to ensure that the platinum particles can be dried evenly and fully. Step 3: transporting the platinum raw material after drying in step 2 to a tubular furnace (11) for heat treatment. During the heat treatment process, the temperature of the tubular furnace (11) is controlled at about 500° C., the heat treatment reaction time is about 3 hours, and hydrogen is introduced as a reaction gas; Step 4: After the heat treatment is completed, the platinum particles are taken out from the tube furnace (11) and immediately cooled. During the cooling process, it is necessary to ensure that the platinum particles will not crack or deform due to the rapid temperature change. After cooling, the platinum particles are collected; Step 5: feeding the platinum particles prepared in step 4 into a grinder (12), and during the grinding process, closely observing the state of the workpiece and the grinding medium to ensure that the grinding effect is as expected and the platinum metal flakes are broken into smaller particles; Step 6: The material with a qualified particle size after being processed by the grinder (12) is input into the screening machine (13). The screening machine (13) will further screen the material. The material with a particle size larger than the required size will be returned to the grinder (12) for further processing, while the material with a qualified particle size will enter the next step of processing.

Images