Optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding and welding mechanism
By designing an optical waveguide structure composed of internal and external waveguides for synchronous laser welding, the reflection principle of the laser beam is used to change the light source path, which solves the problems of single optical waveguide design and limited welding positions in the existing technology, and achieves complex Efficient welding of contoured products.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411321145.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing optical waveguide designs for synchronous laser welding are singular in complex contour products, cannot adapt to products of different structures, and the welding position is limited, and there is a problem of interference with the waveguide in the vertical direction.
An optical waveguide structure composed of an inner waveguide and an outer waveguide is used. Through the design of the incident cavity, reflection cavity and exit cavity, the reflection principle of the laser beam is used to change the light source path to avoid interference parts and achieve side welding of the parts to be welded. .
It effectively avoids the optical waveguide interference position, achieves efficient welding of complex contour products, and improves the adaptability and uniformity of welding.
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Figure CN119328299A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular relates to an optical waveguide and a welding mechanism for synchronous laser welding. Background Art
[0002] Optical waveguide technology is an advanced optical transmission technology that uses the principle of total internal reflection to confine light waves in a specific medium for transmission. The development of this technology can be traced back to the emergence of lasers in the 1960s. Subsequently, in the 1970s, due to major breakthroughs in semiconductor lasers and optical fiber technology, the field of optical information science and technology has developed rapidly. The principle of optical waveguide technology is based on the propagation characteristics of light waves in waveguides, and the bending and direction of light beams are controlled by adjusting the refractive index. The classification of optical waveguides includes planar dielectric waveguides, strip dielectric waveguides, thin film waveguides, and strip waveguides. These waveguide forms are widely used in optical communications, optical information processing, fiber optic sensing, optical information storage and display, and other fields.
[0003] An optical waveguide is an optical element that can guide light signals to propagate along a specific path. Its working principle mainly relies on the phenomenon of total reflection of light. When light is incident from a dense medium into a sparse medium, if the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the light will be totally reflected, causing the light to propagate along a specific path inside the waveguide instead of directly emitting from the outside of the waveguide. This total reflection phenomenon is the key to the ability of optical waveguides to effectively control and guide light signals. Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in the optical waveguide solution used for synchronous laser welding in the prior art, a group of vertical optical waveguides are arranged above the normal phase of the welding position. For products with complex contours, the structural design of this waveguide design is single and cannot adapt to products with different structures. In addition, the welding position of the welded parts is limited, and there is interference with the vertical waveguide. By changing the waveguide position, the interference position is effectively avoided to achieve welding of the product.
[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the defects of the prior art to overcome the deficiencies in practical applications. Summary of the invention
[0005] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. In other words, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide and welding mechanism for synchronous laser welding that meets one or more of the above-mentioned needs.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] The present invention provides an optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding, comprising an inner waveguide and an outer waveguide, wherein an incident cavity, a reflection cavity and an exit cavity are formed between the outer waveguide and the inner waveguide, wherein the incident cavity comprises a first incident wall and a first incident wall, the reflection cavity comprises a plurality of reflection walls, the exit cavity comprises a second exit wall and a second exit wall, and the central axis of the incident cavity is arranged perpendicularly to the central axis of the exit cavity;
[0008] The laser beam irradiates the first incident wall and the second incident wall through the incident cavity, enters the exit cavity after being reflected by several reflection walls in sequence, and irradiates the workpiece to be welded after being reflected by the first exit wall and the second exit wall, so as to perform laser welding on the workpiece to be welded.
[0009] As a preferred solution, the incident cavity is arranged in a conical structure, and the inlet end of the incident cavity is larger than the outlet end.
[0010] As a preferred solution, the first emission wall and the second emission wall are arranged in parallel.
[0011] As a preferred solution, the length of the exit cavity is greater than the length of the entrance cavity.
[0012] As a preferred solution, the reflection cavity is provided with a reflection wall, and the angle between the reflection wall and the central axis of the incident cavity and / or the central axis of the exit cavity is set to 30-60°.
[0013] As a preferred solution, the angle between the reflective wall and the central axis of the incident cavity and / or the central axis of the exit cavity is set to 45°.
[0014] As a preferred solution, the reflection cavity is equipped with a plurality of reflection walls, and the reflection walls of the inner waveguide and the outer waveguide that are arranged opposite to each other are arranged in parallel.
[0015] As a preferred solution, the first incident wall and the second incident wall respectively reflect the light beam of the incident cavity, the several reflection walls respectively reflect the light beam of the reflection cavity, and the first exit wall and the second exit wall respectively reflect the light beam of the exit cavity, so that the output light beam is evenly irradiated on the workpiece to be welded.
[0016] As a preferred solution, the inner waveguide and the outer waveguide are configured as metal parts, the surface of the metal parts has a coating layer, and the reflectivity of the coating layer is not less than 97%.
[0017] The present invention also provides a synchronous laser welding mechanism, comprising an optical fiber leg, a fixing plate and an optical waveguide as described in any of the above schemes, wherein the fixing plate is used to fix the optical fiber leg, and several optical fiber legs are respectively connected to several optical waveguides; the light beam output by the optical waveguide is irradiated on the light-transmitting component and the light-absorbing component to form a weld between the light-transmitting component and the light-absorbing component.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] The present invention provides an optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding. By utilizing the reflection principle of laser welding, the light source path can not only effectively avoid the interference position of the optical waveguide, but also easily realize the side welding of the workpiece to be welded. By the reflection effect of the optical waveguide on the laser beam, the light source path is changed so that the light source reaches the predetermined welding position, thereby realizing the transmission welding of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of laser welding optical waveguide connection in the prior art;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide in the prior art;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the light reflection path of the optical waveguide in the prior art;
[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the light reflection path of an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide in another embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronous laser welding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of laser welding optical waveguide connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] In the figure: 0 optical waveguide, 1 external waveguide, 2 internal waveguide, 3 incident cavity, 31 first incident wall, 32 first exit wall, 4 reflection cavity, 41 reflection wall, 5 exit cavity, 51 second exit wall, 52 second exit wall, 61 light transmitting component, 62 light absorbing component, 63 welding seam, 71 optical fiber leg, 72 fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the specific implementation methods of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.
[0032] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in the optical waveguide solution used for synchronous laser welding in the prior art, a group of vertical optical waveguides are arranged above the normal phase of the welding position. For products with complex contours, the structural design of this waveguide design is single and cannot adapt to products with different structures. In addition, the welding position of the welded parts is limited, and there is interference with the vertical waveguide. By changing the waveguide position, the interference position is effectively avoided to achieve welding of the product.
[0033] like Figure 3 As shown in -a1, the incident light enters from the AB position, and after being fully reflected by AC and BD, it is emitted from the CD position. The angle of the light will decrease. Limited by the DF of 45 degrees, after the light is reflected by DF, the reflected light is 90 degrees to the incident light. Therefore, the angle of the reflected light remains unchanged in the running direction. After being reflected by DE and FG, the reflection angle does not change. DE and FG are short in length, and the number of light reflections is small. At the same time, at the light outlet position, there is a large EG port, and the divergence angle of the light source is small, and the energy density is increased. At this time, there is an uneven light spot, that is, the energy is concentrated in the middle and the energy at both ends is low. Therefore, this structure needs to be adjusted.
[0034] like Figure 3-a2 shows that by adjusting the length of C'F', the height of E'D' is lowered, and the lengths of D'E' and F'G' are lengthened. The incident light enters from the position of A'B', and after being reflected by A'C' and B'D', because C'F' is shorter, the light will be reflected when it reaches the position of F'G', and the reflected light will be reflected to the incident port A'B', while the emitted light will damage the optical fiber leg. Therefore, this structure needs to be adjusted.
[0035] like Figure 3 -a3, by adjusting the angle between HJ and IK and changing the length of JM at the same time, the amount of light reflected from the mouth of JK to JM will increase. The incident light enters from the AB position, and after being fully reflected by AC and BD, it is emitted from the CD position. The angle of the light will increase. Limited by the DF of 45 degrees, the reflected light is 90 degrees to the incident light after being reflected by DF. Therefore, the angle of the reflected light remains unchanged in the running direction. From the structural diagram, it can be seen that after the light is reflected by IK and reaches JM, it is reflected again and then reflected on IK. At this time, the light will be emitted from the HI exit, affecting the use of the optical fiber leg. Therefore, this structure needs to be adjusted.
[0036] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, according to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 4 to 5 As shown, an optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding is provided, comprising an inner waveguide 2 and an outer waveguide 1, an incident cavity 3, a reflection cavity 4 and an exit cavity 5 are formed between the outer waveguide 1 and the inner waveguide 2, the incident cavity 3 comprises a first incident wall 31 and a first incident wall 32, the reflection cavity 4 comprises a plurality of reflection walls 41, the exit cavity 5 comprises a second exit wall 51 and a second exit wall 52, and the central axis of the incident cavity 3 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the exit cavity 4; the laser beam irradiates the first incident wall 31 and the second incident wall 32 through the incident cavity 3, and enters the exit cavity 5 after being reflected by the plurality of reflection walls 41 in sequence, and irradiates the workpiece to be welded after being reflected by the first exit wall 51 and the second exit wall 52, so as to perform laser welding on the workpiece to be welded.
[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the incident cavity 3 is composed of a first incident wall 31 and a second incident wall 32. The incident cavity 3 is arranged in a conical structure, and the entrance end of the incident cavity 3 is larger than the exit end, so as to ensure that the incident light beam can be reflected by the first incident wall 31 and the second incident wall 32 and then concentrated and irradiated on the reflection cavity 4, thereby improving the reflection effect of the light beam.
[0038] Furthermore, the reflection cavity 4 is composed of a plurality of reflection walls 41 , and the reflection wall 41 can be set to one or more, and can be specifically set according to actual needs.
[0039] Furthermore, the exit cavity 5 is composed of a first exit wall 51 and a second exit wall 52, and the first exit wall 51 and the second exit wall 52 are arranged in parallel to ensure that the light at the exit end is homogenized, which is more conducive to uniform welding.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the exit cavity 5 is greater than the length of the incident cavity 3 to ensure that the light beam can be irradiated onto the workpiece to be welded after being reflected.
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the reflection cavity 4 is provided with a reflection wall 41, and the angle between the reflection wall 41 and the central axis of the incident cavity 3 and / or the central axis of the exit cavity 5 is set to 30 to 60°, and the angle range can be set according to actual needs.
[0042] In a specific embodiment, the angle between the reflective wall 41 and the central axis of the incident cavity 3 and / or the central axis of the exit cavity 5 is set to 45°, which can ensure the best reflection effect.
[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, the reflection cavity 4 is configured with a plurality of reflection walls 41, and the reflection walls 41 of the inner waveguide 2 and the outer waveguide 1 are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other. By configuring a plurality of reflection walls 41, not only can the reflection of the light beam be realized, but also the application scenarios of different welding products can be met, thereby improving the adaptability of different welding products.
[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the first incident wall 31 and the second incident wall 32 respectively reflect the light beam of the incident cavity 3, the several reflection walls 41 respectively reflect the light beam of the reflection cavity 4, and the first exit wall 51 and the second exit wall 52 respectively reflect the light beam of the exit cavity 5, so that the output light beam is evenly irradiated on the workpiece to be welded.
[0045] Specifically, by adjusting the length and tilt angle of H'J', the light reflected from I'K' is reflected through J'M' to K'L', which can prevent the light from being reflected and rebounding to the entrance of the incident cavity. At the same time, after the light is reflected by H'J' and I'K', the angle of the light increases, and the increased light is then reflected multiple times by K'L' and M'N' before being emitted from the L'N' exit. Because the divergence angle increases and the energy density decreases, the uniformity of the light spot is better at this time, which is conducive to the consistency of the weld.
[0046] Combined with Figure 5 As shown, to analyze the reflection process of the optical waveguide, it is necessary to find the core size data, namely: the length of R'J' and J'M'.
[0047] The angle between H'J' and I'K' is θ', the vertical height of H'R' is L, the length of H'I' is L1, and R'K' is L2. Then according to trigonometric functions:
[0048]
[0049] If θ' is large, light is likely to be reflected outside the incident port, resulting in energy loss. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy:
[0050] θ'<α; where α is the divergence half angle of the optical fiber leg.
[0051] Known conditions NA = nsinα; n is the dielectric constant of the medium;
[0052]
[0053] Furthermore, the incident light is reflected in the waveguide. Each time it is reflected, the incident angle increases by θ'2. Assuming that the maximum number of reflections in the vertical waveguide is n1, then:
[0054]
[0055] Where n1 is an integer; the minimum size of J'M' must satisfy that the light reflected at the P' position in H'J' just passes through the K' position without being reflected to reach the M' position. It reaches the J' position after being reflected at the O'K' position.
[0056] Where J'M' is set to 45°, if J'M'>45°, L'N' will increase in height. If the height of L'N' is not changed, there is a position where the light is reflected from M'N' to the entrance end H'I' of the incident cavity.
[0057] If J'M' is less than 45°, the light incident on J'M' is reduced, the energy is reduced, and the angle of the light after reflection is increased, which may easily cause an uneven light spot at the light outlet.
[0058] Let L'N' be L3; J'M' be L4; J'O'=O'M' be L5; R'J' be L6; where L'N'≈R'J'+O'M', that is: L3≈L6+L5;
[0059] It should be noted that L1, L2, and L3 are predetermined conditions; and L4 is a set minimum value.
[0060]
[0061] Right now:
[0062] According to the schematic diagram;
[0063] Right now:
[0064] Right now:
[0065] get:
[0066] Furthermore, let the height of the incident cavity of the conical structure be H1; the length of the exit cavity be H2; the maximum number of reflections of the light in the incident cavity be n1, and the maximum number of reflections of the light in the exit cavity after passing through the 45° reflector be n2.
[0067] but:
[0068] The angle at which the light is reflected in the exit cavity is:
[0069]
[0070] Obviously, n1>n2, so the condition of H2>H1 is required to satisfy the condition of light homogenization in the output cavity. Generally, the effect of H2=2H1 is optimal.
[0071] Through the above analysis, the optimal optical waveguide design is calculated and the existing single optical waveguide design is changed to an optical waveguide that can achieve diversified use by changing the light source path.
[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the inner waveguide 2 and the outer waveguide 1 are configured as metal parts, and the surface of the metal parts has a coating layer, and the reflectivity of the coating layer is not less than 97%. The material of the metal parts can be steel, aluminum or other metal materials, and the coating layer can be set to a gold-plated material.
[0073] In order to maintain the reflectivity of the optical waveguide, the inner wall of the optical waveguide needs to be coated, among which gold coating has the best effect. The reflectivity after gold coating can reach 97% to 98%, which can effectively reduce the energy loss caused by the laser beam during the reflection process.
[0074] By utilizing the reflection phenomenon of the optical waveguide, when the incident light enters the incident cavity 3, the light path is reflected by the first incident wall 31 and the second incident wall 32, and the reflected light source is reflected by the 45° reflection wall 41, thereby changing the path direction of the light source from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction. This direction change effectively reduces the height in the vertical direction.
[0075] According to some embodiments of the present application, a synchronous laser welding mechanism is also provided, such as Figures 7 and 8As shown, it includes an optical fiber leg 71, a fixing plate 72 and the optical waveguide 0 as described above, the fixing plate 72 is used to fix the optical fiber leg 71, and several optical fiber legs 71 are respectively connected to several optical waveguides 0; the light beam output by the optical waveguide is irradiated on the light-transmitting member 61 and the light-absorbing member 62, so that a weld 63 is formed between the light-transmitting member 61 and the light-absorbing member 62, thereby realizing laser transmission welding of the to-be-welded object.
[0076] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, X and / or Y may represent: X exists alone, X and Y exist at the same time, and Y exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0077] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0078] The above description is only a detailed description of the preferred embodiments and principles of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods based on the ideas provided by the present invention, and these changes should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. An optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inner waveguide and an outer waveguide, wherein an incident cavity, a reflection cavity and an exit cavity are formed between the outer waveguide and the inner waveguide, the incident cavity comprises a first incident wall and a first incident wall, the reflection cavity comprises a plurality of reflection walls, the exit cavity comprises a second exit wall and a second exit wall, and the central axis of the incident cavity is arranged perpendicularly to the central axis of the exit cavity; The laser beam irradiates the first incident wall and the second incident wall through the incident cavity, enters the exit cavity after being reflected by several reflection walls in sequence, and irradiates the workpiece to be welded after being reflected by the first exit wall and the second exit wall, so as to perform laser welding on the workpiece to be welded.
2. An optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incident cavity is arranged in a conical structure, and the inlet end of the incident cavity is larger than the outlet end.
3. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first emission wall and the second emission wall are arranged in parallel.
4. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the exit cavity is greater than the length of the entrance cavity.
5. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflection cavity is provided with a reflection wall, and the angle between the reflection wall and the central axis of the incident cavity and / or the central axis of the exit cavity is set to be 30-60°.
6. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between the reflective wall and the central axis of the incident cavity and / or the central axis of the exit cavity is set to 45°.
7. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflection cavity is equipped with a plurality of reflection walls, and the reflection walls of the inner waveguide and the outer waveguide are arranged opposite to each other in pairs and arranged in parallel.
8. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first incident wall and the second incident wall respectively reflect the light beam of the incident cavity, the plurality of reflecting walls respectively reflect the light beam of the reflecting cavity, and the first exit wall and the second exit wall respectively reflect the light beam of the exit cavity, so that the output light beam is evenly irradiated on the workpiece to be welded.
9. The optical waveguide for synchronous laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner waveguide and the outer waveguide are configured as metal parts, the surface of the metal parts has a coating layer, and the reflectivity of the coating layer is not less than 97%.
10. A synchronous laser welding mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises an optical fiber leg, a fixing plate and an optical waveguide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fixing plate is used to fix the optical fiber leg, and several optical fiber legs are respectively connected to several optical waveguides; the light beam output by the optical waveguide is irradiated on the light-transmitting component and the light-absorbing component to form a weld between the light-transmitting component and the light-absorbing component.