Universal joint assembly method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of universal joint assembly, in particular to a universal joint assembly method and system. The method comprises the step of driving the press-fit part of the press-fit unit to move the retainer towards the first supporting part on the basis of completion of positioning. Z1 and Z2 are acquired based on the movement of the retainer towards the first support part. And on the basis of completion of position correction of the retainer, a pressing part of a pressing unit is driven by a first driving force F1 to move the retainer towards a first supporting part. And on the basis that the retainer moves to the first assembly state in the direction of the first supporting part, the first driving force F1 is adjusted to the second driving force F2 to drive the pressing part to move the first mounting part to the second assembly state in the direction of the blank cap. Therefore, the problem of how to improve the assembly efficiency on the premise of ensuring that the universal joint is assembled to be qualified is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of universal joint assembly, and in particular to a universal joint assembly method and system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, a spline hole is required on one axial end of the universal joint housing. This hole is typically pre-machined on a boring machine. This involves drilling and reaming to create a through-hole approximately the required size. Only within this through-hole is there sufficient space for machining the spline. After pre-machining, the spline hole is broached using a broaching tool. The broaching tool's teeth gradually carve the spline hole into shape, a process typically performed on a broaching machine. Because the internal cavity of the universal joint housing is in sliding contact with the mating component, grease is required to reduce friction between the housing and the mating component, minimizing wear and extending the service life of the housing and the mating component. Therefore, during assembly, a blind cap is installed between the spline hole and the through-hole within the housing to seal in the grease. A retaining ring is also installed on the circumference of the housing to protect the universal joint housing from foreign matter when mating with other components, preventing them from entering through the connection and causing adverse effects.

[0003] However, currently, the inner circumference of the retaining ring is assembled with the outer circumference of the universal joint housing, and the blind cover is assembled with the through hole of the internal cavity of the universal joint housing, which is usually completed in two steps. This results in low efficiency of universal joint assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of how to improve assembly efficiency while ensuring that the universal joint is assembled properly, the present invention provides a universal joint assembly method and system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a universal joint assembly system, comprising: Step S10: upon completion of positioning, driving the pressing portion of the pressing unit to move the retaining ring toward the first support portion; wherein the positioning completion includes the blind cover abutting against the top end of the first support portion; the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion of the housing unit abutting against the outer circumferential surface of the blind cover; the first mounting portion being located at an end of the blind cover away from the first support portion; the first support portion being detachably connected to the base; the housing unit being spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abutting against the second mounting portion of the housing unit; and the retaining ring being located on a side of the second mounting portion away from the first mounting portion. Step S20, based on the movement of the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion, obtaining Z1 and Z2; wherein Z1 is the resistance between the outer circumferential surface of the blind cover and the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion when the first mounting portion moves toward the blind cover; and Z2 is the resistance between the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring and the outer circumferential surface of the second mounting portion when the retaining ring moves toward the second mounting portion; Step S30, based on Z1 < Z2, correct the position of the retaining ring; Step S40 , based on the completion of the position correction of the retaining ring, driving the pressing part of the pressing unit with a first driving force F1 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; wherein Z1>F1>Z2; Step S50, based on the movement of the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion to the first assembly state, the first driving force F1 is adjusted to the second driving force F2 to drive the pressing portion to move the first mounting portion toward the blind cover to the second assembly state; wherein, the first assembly state includes the positioning portion of the pressing unit abutting against the end of the shell unit away from the first supporting portion, and the blind cover is spaced apart from the abutting portion of the pressing unit on one side close to the second mounting portion; the second assembly state includes the positioning portion of the pressing unit abutting against the end of the shell unit away from the first supporting portion, and the blind cover is abutting against the abutting portion of the pressing unit on one side close to the second mounting portion; F2>Z1.

[0006] In some embodiments, step S30 includes: Step S31, based on Z1 < Z2, obtaining multiple pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit; Step S32, obtaining a pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the laminating unit based on a plurality of pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the laminating unit; Step S33: Based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a first pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S34: Based on the movement of the pressing unit along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion by the first set distance, the second supporting portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit is moved along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion by a second set distance; Step S35: Based on the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being moved along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion by the second set distance, the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being moved along the direction from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion by the second set distance; Step S36, based on the side of the pressing unit with greater pressure in the circumferential direction, a second support portion symmetrically located along the radial direction of the pressing unit is moved a second set distance in a direction from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion, thereby driving the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first support portion; Step S37 , executing step S20 based on driving the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion.

[0007] In some embodiments, the universal joint assembly method further comprises: Step S321: Based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a second pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; wherein the second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold; Step S322: Based on the movement of the pressing unit by the first set distance, the second supporting portion moves by a third set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S323: Based on the second supporting portion moving the third set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second supporting portion at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit moves the fourth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S324, based on the second supporting portion at a symmetrical position along the radial direction of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit, moves the second supporting portion in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion by a fourth set distance, and the second supporting portion moves to a horizontal position; Step S325: Based on the second supporting portion moving to a horizontal position, the second supporting portion drives the second mounting portion to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumference of the cover and the first mounting portion is located on the side of the cover close to the second mounting portion; Step S326, based on the second supporting portion, driving the second mounting portion to move until the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the blind cover and the first mounting portion is located on the blind cover near the second mounting portion, and driving the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion; Step S327 , based on driving the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion, executing step S20 .

[0008] In some embodiments, the universal joint assembly method further comprises: Step S3211: Based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a third pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; wherein the third pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold; Step S3212: Based on the movement of the pressing unit by the first set distance, the second supporting portion moves by a fifth set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S3213: Based on the movement of the second supporting portion by the fifth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second supporting portion at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit is moved by a sixth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion. Step S3214: Based on the pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit, the second supporting portion at a radially symmetrical position on one side of the pressing unit moves the sixth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, and the second supporting portion moves the seventh set distance in the direction from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion at a set speed; Step S3215: Based on the second supporting portion moving a seventh set distance at a set speed in a direction from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion, the second supporting portion moves to a horizontal position; Step S3216: Based on the second supporting portion moving to a horizontal position, the second supporting portion drives the second mounting portion to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumference of the cover and the first mounting portion is located on a side of the cover close to the second mounting portion; Step S3217: Based on the second supporting portion, the second mounting portion is driven to move until the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the blind cover, and the first mounting portion is located on the blind cover near the second mounting portion, and the pressing portion is driven to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion; Step S3218: Based on driving the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion, execute step S20.

[0009] In some embodiments, the universal joint assembly method further comprises: Step S21 , based on Z1 < Z2 , driving the second supporting portion to move toward the housing unit along a direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S22, based on the second supporting portion moving toward the housing unit along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, obtaining the pressure of the first supporting portion on the base; Step S23, based on the pressure of the first supporting portion on the base being reduced by a set pressure, the second supporting portion stops moving toward the housing unit; Step S24 : based on the second supporting portion stopping moving toward the housing unit, the pressing unit drives the housing unit and the second supporting portion to move toward the base to the second assembly state.

[0010] In some embodiments, the universal joint assembly method further comprises: Step S11, based on the retaining ring moving toward the first support portion to the third assembly state, the pressing unit stops driving; wherein the third assembly state includes the positioning portion and the housing unit being spaced apart from one end of the first support portion, and the end of the cover close to the second mounting portion abutting against the end of the buffer portion close to the first support portion; wherein the first shell of the housing unit includes an outer shell, a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion, and a buffer portion; the first mounting portion, the outer shell, and the second mounting portion are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell; the buffer portion is configured as a tubular body; the outer peripheral wall of the buffer portion is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell; the outer diameter of the second mounting portion is adapted to the inner diameter of the retaining ring; the inner diameter of the first mounting portion is adapted to the outer diameter of the cover; the outer diameter of the abutting portion is adapted to the inner diameter of the buffer portion; the axial dimension of the first mounting portion is in a set ratio to the outer diameter of the cover; the axial dimension of the abutting portion is greater than the sum of the axial dimensions of the second mounting portion and the buffer portion respectively along the axial direction of the second mounting portion, and is smaller than the sum of the axial dimensions of the first mounting portion, the second mounting portion, and the buffer portion respectively along the axial direction of the second mounting portion; Step S12: Based on the stopping of the driving of the pressing unit, the second supporting portion is driven to move from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion toward the housing unit to a second assembly state.

[0011] In some embodiments, the universal joint assembly method further comprises: Step S25: Based on Z1>Z2, the pressing portion is driven by a third driving force F3 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion; wherein F3>F1; when the pressing portion is driven by the third driving force F3 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion, the positioning portion abuts against the end of the housing unit away from the first supporting portion before the end of the cover closer to the second mounting portion abuts against the abutting portion; Step S26: The retaining ring moves toward the first supporting portion to the second assembly state, and the assembly is completed.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a universal joint assembly system, which is applied to any universal joint assembly method described in the first aspect, and includes: The tooling assembly includes a base, a driving portion, a first supporting portion, and a pressing unit; the base is detachably connected to the driving portion; the first supporting portion is detachably connected to the base; the driving portion is drivingly connected to the pressing unit; the pressing unit includes a pressing portion, an abutting portion, and a positioning portion; the abutting portion and the positioning portion are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the abutting portion; the inner peripheral wall of the pressing portion is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the positioning portion; A shaft assembly, the shaft assembly comprising a housing unit, a cover, and a retaining ring; the housing unit comprising a first shell; the first shell comprising an outer shell, a first mounting portion, and a second mounting portion; the first mounting portion, the outer shell, and the second mounting portion being fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell; The universal joint assembly system includes a first assembly state, a second assembly state, and a third assembly state; the first assembly state includes the cover abutting against the top end of the first support portion; the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abutting against the outer circumference of the cover; the first mounting portion is located at the end of the cover away from the first support portion; the housing unit is spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abuts against the second mounting portion; the retaining ring is located on the side of the second mounting portion away from the first mounting portion; the pressing portion drives the retaining ring to move toward the first mounting portion; and the abutting portion is located in the space surrounded by the housing; The second assembly state includes the following: the first assembly state includes the cover abutting against the top end of the first support portion; the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion abutting against the outer circumferential surface of the cover; the first mounting portion is located at the end of the cover away from the first support portion; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abuts against the second mounting portion; the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the second mounting portion; the positioning portion abuts against the side of the second mounting portion away from the first mounting portion; the outer circumferential surface of the cover abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion; the cover is spaced apart from the abutting portion; and the abutting portion is located in the space surrounded by the shell; The third assembly state includes the first assembly state including the cover abutting against the top end of the first support part; the inner circumference of the first mounting part abutting against the outer circumference of the cover; the first mounting part is located at the end of the cover away from the first support part; the shell unit and the base are spaced apart; the guard ring abuts against the second mounting part; the inner circumference of the guard ring abuts against the outer circumference of the second mounting part; the positioning part abuts against the side of the second mounting part away from the first mounting part; the outer circumference of the cover abuts against the inner circumference of the first mounting part; the cover abuts against the abutting part; the abutting part is located in the space surrounded by the outer shell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tooling assembly further includes a plurality of second support portions; the second support portions are movably connected to the base; and the second support portions drive the housing unit to move toward or away from the base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first shell further comprises a buffer portion; the outer peripheral wall of the buffer portion is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell; the axial dimension of the first mounting portion is in a set ratio to the outer diameter of the cover; The universal joint assembly system also includes a fourth assembly state; the fourth assembly state includes the blind cover abutting against the top end of the first support part; the inner circumference of the first mounting part abutting against the outer circumference of the blind cover; the first mounting part is located at the end of the blind cover away from the first support part; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the guard ring abuts against the second mounting part; the inner circumference of the guard ring abuts against the outer circumference of the second mounting part; the positioning part is spaced apart from the side of the second mounting part away from the first mounting part; the blind cover is spaced apart from the abutting part; the abutting part is located in the space surrounded by the outer shell; the blind cover abuts against the buffer part on the side away from the first support part.

[0015] In order to solve the problem of how to improve assembly efficiency while ensuring the qualified assembly of the universal joint, the present invention has the following advantages: The retainer moves toward the first support portion to a first assembled state. The drive unit can then adjust the first driving force F1 to a second driving force F2 to drive the press-fit unit to move the first mounting portion toward the blind cover to a second assembled state. When the positioning portion of the press-fit unit abuts the end of the housing unit facing away from the first support portion, assembly of the retainer is complete. The drive unit then drives the press-fit unit with a greater second driving force F2, causing the blind cover near the second mounting portion to abut against the abutment portion of the press-fit unit. The press-fit unit then creates a gap between the blind cover near the second mounting portion and the abutment portion of the press-fit unit. This gap allows the blind cover to be positioned. Therefore, the abutment portion must first reach a predetermined position before the driving force is increased to complete assembly of the blind cover and the second mounting portion. This allows the press-fit unit to maintain the precision of both the blind cover and the first mounting portion and the retainer and the second mounting portion within a single movement, thereby improving the efficiency of universal joint assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A flow chart of a universal joint assembly method in one embodiment is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of a universal joint assembly system in one embodiment is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a universal joint assembly system in one embodiment is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a blind cover in an embodiment is shown.

[0017] Figure markings: tooling assembly 01; base 11; driving part 12; first supporting part 13; positioning rod 131; guide rod 132; support rod 133; second supporting part 14; pressing unit 15; pressing part 151; abutting part 152; positioning part 153; shaft assembly 02; shell unit 21; first shell 211; outer shell 2111; first mounting part 2112; second mounting part 2113; buffer part 2114; second shell 212; blind cover 22; positioning cover 221; abutting groove 222; guard ring 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present disclosure, rather than to imply any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0019] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based, at least in part, on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment." The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment." Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "transverse," and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to having a specific orientation, or to being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationships. For example, the term "on" may, in certain circumstances, be used to indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "disposed," "provided with," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0020] In this embodiment, since the internal chamber of the universal joint housing is slidably connected to the adapter component, grease needs to be installed in the internal chamber of the housing to reduce friction between the universal joint housing and the adapter component, reduce wear, and extend the service life of the housing and the adapter component. Therefore, during assembly, a blind cap needs to be installed between the spline hole and the through hole of the internal chamber of the housing to seal the grease. A retaining ring is also installed on the circumference of the housing. The retaining ring can play a protective role when the universal joint housing is matched with other components, preventing foreign matter from entering through the connection between the universal joint housing and other components, thereby causing negative effects. However, the inner circumference of the current retaining ring is assembled with the outer circumference of the universal joint housing, and the blind cap is assembled with the through hole of the internal chamber of the universal joint housing. These are usually completed in two separate steps, which results in low efficiency in universal joint assembly. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a universal joint assembly method.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the universal joint assembly system applied to the universal joint assembly method may include a tooling assembly 01 and a shaft assembly 02 .

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, the tooling assembly 01 may include a base 11, a driving portion 12, a first supporting portion 13, and a pressing unit 15. The base 11 may be detachably connected to the driving portion 12. The first supporting portion 13 may be detachably connected to the base 11. The driving portion 12 may be drivably connected to the pressing unit 15. The pressing unit 15 may include a pressing portion 151, an abutting portion 152, and a positioning portion 153. The abutting portion 152 and the positioning portion 153 may be fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the abutting portion 152. The inner circumferential wall of the pressing portion 151 may be fixedly connected to the outer circumferential wall of the positioning portion 153.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, shaft assembly 02 may include a housing unit 21, a blind cover 22, and a retaining ring 23. Housing unit 21 may include a first shell 211. First shell 211 may include an outer shell 2111, a first mounting portion 2112, and a second mounting portion 2113. First mounting portion 2112, outer shell 2111, and second mounting portion 2113 may be fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of outer shell 2111. First mounting portion 2112 may be used to mount blind cover 22, and second mounting portion 2113 may be used to mount retaining ring 23.

[0024] The tooling assembly 01 may further include a sensing unit, which may be detachably connected to the pressing unit 15. The sensing unit may obtain the resistance between the outer peripheral surface of the blind cover 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the first mounting part 2112 when the first mounting part 2112 moves toward the blind cover 22, and the resistance between the inner peripheral surface of the guard ring 23 and the outer peripheral surface of the second mounting part 2113 when the guard ring 23 moves toward the second mounting part 2113.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the universal joint assembly method may include steps S10 to S50, and steps S10 to S50 will be described in detail below.

[0026] In step S10, upon completion of positioning, the driving unit 12 may drive the pressing portion 151 of the pressing unit 15 to move the retaining ring 23 toward the first support portion 13. Positioning completion may include the cover 22 abutting against the top of the first support portion 13, the inner circumference of the first mounting portion 2112 of the housing unit 21 abutting against the outer circumference of the cover 22, and the first mounting portion 2112 being located at the end of the cover 22 distal from the first support portion 13. The first support portion 13 may be detachably connected to the base 11, the base 11 supporting the first supporting portion 13, which in turn supports the cover 22. The housing unit 21 may be spaced apart from the base 11, with the entire weight of the housing unit 21 being borne by the cover 22 without contact with the base 11. This allows the pressing unit 15 to simultaneously complete the assembly of the cover 22 with the first mounting portion 2112 and the retaining ring 23 with the second mounting portion 2113 within a single movement, thereby improving the efficiency of universal joint assembly. The retainer 23 may abut against the second mounting portion 2113 of the housing unit 21 , and the retainer 23 may be located on a side of the second mounting portion 2113 away from the first mounting portion 2112 , thereby preparing for assembly of the retainer 23 and the second mounting portion 2113 .

[0027] In step S20, as the retaining ring 23 moves toward the first support portion 13, the sensor unit can obtain Z1 and Z2. Z1 is the resistance between the outer circumference of the cover 22 and the inner circumference of the first mounting portion 2112 when the first mounting portion 2112 moves toward the cover 22. Z2 is the resistance between the inner circumference of the retaining ring 23 and the outer circumference of the second mounting portion 2113 when the retaining ring 23 moves toward the second mounting portion 2113. Z1 and Z2 can be used as judgment parameters for subsequent operation steps.

[0028] Step S30: Since the blanking cover 22 is used to seal the grease, the blanking cover 22 is in close contact with the first mounting portion 2112 to prevent grease leakage. That is, when the first mounting portion 2112 moves towards the blanking cover 22, the resistance between the outer peripheral surface of the blanking cover 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the first mounting portion 2112 will be relatively large. And the tightness requirement for the retaining ring 23 to be in contact with the second mounting portion 2113 is lower than that of the blanking cover 22 in contact with the first mounting portion 2112. That is, the resistance between the inner peripheral surface of the retaining ring 23 and the outer peripheral surface of the second mounting portion 2113 will be relatively small, thereby reducing the processing progress of the retaining ring 23 and further reducing the production cost. When the sensing unit detects that Z1 < Z2, since the housing unit 21 is guided by the outer periphery of the first support portion 13, and at the same time, the upper end surface of the first support portion 13 can limit the position of the blanking cover 22 while supporting the blanking cover 22, the blanking cover 22 is very rarely abnormal. Thus, it can be determined that the installation of the retaining ring 23 is abnormal. At this time, if the driving portion 12 drives the pressing portion 151 of the pressing unit 15 to move the retaining ring 23 further towards the first support portion 13, when there is a gap between the positioning portion 153 and the top end of the outer housing 2111, the upper end surface of the blanking cover 22 will contact the lower end surface of the abutting portion 152, resulting in the retaining ring 23 being unable to continue to be assembled with the second mounting portion 2113. Therefore, the position of the retaining ring 23 needs to be corrected.

[0029] Step S40: Based on the completion of the position correction of the retaining ring 23, the driving portion 12 drives the pressing portion 151 of the pressing unit 15 to move the retaining ring 23 towards the first support portion 13 with a first driving force F1. Among them, Z1 > F1 > Z2. Driving with the first driving force F1 first enables the positioning portion 153 of the pressing unit 15 to contact the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13. After the contact, the retaining ring 23 cannot move downwards, that is, the retaining ring 23 is assembled with the second mounting portion 2113. The lower end surface of the positioning portion 153 and the upper end surface of the housing unit 21 have relatively high machining accuracies, which can be used for positioning. Since F1 < Z1, there is a gap between the side of the blanking cover 22 close to the second mounting portion 2113 and the abutting portion 152 of the pressing unit 15. This gap is for the lower end surface of the abutting portion 152 to position the blanking cover 22. Therefore, the abutting portion 152 needs to reach a preset position first, and then the driving portion 12 drives the pressing unit 15 to lower the abutting portion 152 and the housing unit 21 at the same rate to assemble the blanking cover 22.

[0030] In step S50, based on the movement of the retaining ring 23 toward the first support portion 13 to the first assembly state, the driving unit 12 can adjust the first driving force F1 to the second driving force F2 to drive the pressing unit 151 to move the first mounting portion 2112 toward the cover 22 to the second assembly state. The first assembly state may include the positioning portion 153 of the pressing unit 15 abutting against the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13, and the side of the cover 22 near the second mounting portion 2113 being spaced apart from the abutting portion 152 of the pressing unit 15. The second assembly state includes the positioning portion 153 of the pressing unit 15 abutting against the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13, and the side of the cover 22 near the second mounting portion 2113 abutting against the abutting portion 152 of the pressing unit 15. F2>Z1. Thus, when the positioning portion 153 of the pressing unit 15 abuts against the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13, the assembly of the retaining ring 23 is complete. The driving unit 12 then drives the pressing unit 15 with a larger second driving force F2, causing the side of the blind cover 22 closest to the second mounting portion 2113 to abut against the abutment portion 152 of the pressing unit 15. Thus, the pressing unit 15 first completes the assembly of the retaining ring 23 and the second mounting portion 2113. A gap is then created between the side of the blind cover 22 closest to the second mounting portion 2113 and the abutment portion 152 of the pressing unit 15. This gap allows the lower end surface of the abutment portion 152 to position the blind cover 22. Therefore, the abutment portion 152 must first reach a predetermined position before the driving force is increased to complete the assembly of the blind cover 22 and the second mounting portion 2113. In this way, the single pressing unit 15 ensures the press-fit abutment accuracy of both the blind cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 and the retaining ring 23 and the second mounting portion 2113 within a single movement, thereby improving the efficiency of universal joint assembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, the tooling assembly 01 may include a sensing unit and multiple second support portions 14. The sensing unit can detect multiple pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15. The second support portions 14 are movably connected to the base 11 and can drive the housing unit 21 to move toward or away from the base 11.

[0032] Step S30 of the universal joint assembly method may further include steps S31 to S37 , and steps S31 to S37 will be described in detail below.

[0033] In step S31, based on Z1 < Z2, it can be determined that the retaining ring 23 is in a tilted state. Therefore, the sensing unit can obtain multiple pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15. The multiple pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 can be used as judgment parameters for subsequent operation steps.

[0034] In step S32, based on multiple pressure values ​​along the circumference of the pressing unit 15, the sensing unit can detect the pressure difference between any two circumferential positions of the pressing unit 15. Since the outer circumferential wall of the abutment portion 152 acts as a limiter on the inner circumferential wall of the housing 2111 during assembly, the cover 22 rarely experiences any abnormality.

[0035] In step S33, based on the fact that the pressure difference between any two positions along the circumference of the pressing unit 15 is greater than the first pressure threshold, it can be determined that the minimum angle between the lower end surface of the retainer 23 and the lower end surface of the second mounting portion 2113 is greater than the first preset angle. Therefore, the driving unit 12 can drive the pressing unit 15 to move a first set distance from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. In other words, the pressing unit 15 moves upward. When the position of the retainer 23 is adjusted, sufficient space is left between the outer circumferential wall of the abutting portion 152 and the inner circumferential wall of the housing 2111 to adjust the housing unit 21, thereby adjusting the position of the retainer 23 until the upper end surface of the retainer 23 is parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113.

[0036] In step S34, based on the pressing unit 15 moving a first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, since the end of the shell unit 21 away from the pressing unit 15 abuts against the second support portion 14, the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves a second set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113 along the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15. In this way, the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 drives the abutting end of the shell unit 21 to move in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113 along the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15, so that the top end of the shell unit 21 tilts, and the retaining ring 23 can slide under the influence of gravity and tilt until the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 is parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113, so as to facilitate the assembly of the retaining ring 23 and the second mounting portion 2113.

[0037] Step S35, based on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15, the second support part 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 is moved a second set distance along the direction from the first mounting part 2112 to the second mounting part 2113, and the second support part 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 at the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 is moved a second set distance along the direction from the second mounting part 2113 to the first mounting part 2112, so that the lower end face of the retaining ring 23 is parallel to the upper end face of the second mounting part 2113, which can facilitate the assembly of the retaining ring 23 and the second mounting part 2113, and the assembly of the blind cover 22 and the first mounting part 2112.

[0038] In step S36, the second support portion 14, located radially symmetrically along the side of the pressing unit 15 with greater pressure, is moved a second set distance from the second mounting portion 2113 to the first mounting portion 2112 based on the side of the pressing unit 15 with greater pressure in the circumferential direction. The first driving portion 12 then drives the pressing portion 151 to move the retainer 23 toward the first supporting portion 13. When the lower end surface of the retainer 23 is parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113, the pressing unit 15 is driven to move toward the first supporting portion 13, thereby assembling the retainer 23.

[0039] In step S37 , the retaining ring 23 is moved toward the first supporting portion 13 based on the driving pressing portion 151 , and step S20 is executed, thereby completing the assembly of the universal joint.

[0040] In other embodiments, after the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves up by the second set distance, the second support portion 14 can stop for a set time to allow the guard ring 23 sufficient time to slide, and then the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves down by the second set distance.

[0041] In this embodiment, the universal joint assembly method may further include steps S321 to S327 , which will be described in detail below.

[0042] Step S321: Based on the fact that the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 is greater than the second pressure threshold, the pressing unit 15 is driven to move the first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. The second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold. At this time, it can be determined that the minimum angle between the upper end surface of the retaining ring 23 and the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113 is greater than the second preset angle. The second preset angle can be greater than the first preset angle. Since the outer peripheral wall of the abutment portion 152 has a certain limiting effect on the inner peripheral wall of the housing 2111 during the assembly process, the cover 22 rarely has abnormalities. Therefore, the driving unit 12 can drive the pressing unit 15 to move the first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. That is, the pressing unit 15 is moved upward to avoid the situation where there is insufficient space between the outer peripheral wall of the abutting end and the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell 2111 to adjust the shell unit 21 when adjusting the position of the guard ring 23, and thus the position of the guard ring 23 cannot be adjusted to the point where the lower end face of the guard ring 23 is parallel to the upper end face of the second mounting portion 2113.

[0043] In step S322, based on the movement of the pressing unit 15 by the first set distance, the second support portion 14 can be moved by a third set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. In this way, the second support portion 14 drives the housing unit 21 toward the pressing unit 15, thereby preventing the second support portion 14, located symmetrically along the radial direction of the pressing unit 15 and located on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15, from moving by the fourth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, from causing the minimum angle between the upper end surface of the housing unit 21 and the lower end surface of the pressing unit 15 to be too large, thereby causing a change in the relative position of the cover 22 and the first support portion 13.

[0044] In step S323, based on the movement of the second support portion 14 by a third set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, the second support portion 14 at a radially symmetrical position on the side of the pressing unit 15 with greater pressure in the circumferential direction moves by a fourth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. This causes the second support portion 14 at a radially symmetrical position on the side of the pressing unit 15 with greater pressure in the circumferential direction to drive one end of the housing unit 21 in contact therewith to move in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, causing the top end of the housing unit 21 to tilt. Due to the influence of gravity and the tilt, the retaining ring 23 can slide until the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 is parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113.

[0045] In step S324, the second support portion 14, located symmetrically along the radial direction of the pressing unit 15 and located on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15, is moved a fourth set distance from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, until the second support portion 14 is horizontal. This positions the upper end surface of the housing unit 21 parallel to the lower end surface of the pressing unit 15, thereby facilitating assembly of the retaining ring 23 with the second mounting portion 2113.

[0046] Step S325 , based on the second support portion 14 moving to the horizontal position, the second support portion 14 drives the second mounting portion 2113 to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumference of the cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 is located on the side of the cover 22 close to the second mounting portion 2113 .

[0047] In step S326, the second supporting portion 14 drives the second mounting portion 2113 to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts the inner circumference of the cover 22, and the first mounting portion is located on the side of the cover 22 closer to the second mounting portion 2113. The pressing portion 151 is then driven to move the retaining ring 23 toward the first supporting portion 13. After the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 is parallel to the lower end surface of the second mounting portion 2113, the retaining ring 23 is assembled with the second mounting portion 2113, and the cover 22 is assembled with the first mounting portion 2112.

[0048] In step S327 , the retaining ring 23 is moved toward the first supporting portion 13 based on the driving pressing portion 151 , and step S20 is executed, thereby completing the assembly of the universal joint.

[0049] In other embodiments, after the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves up by a fourth set distance, the second support portion 14 can stop for a set time to allow the protective ring 23 sufficient time to slide, and then the second support portion 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves down by a fourth set distance.

[0050] In this embodiment, the universal joint assembly method may further include steps S3211 to S3218 , and steps S321 to S327 may be described in detail below.

[0051] In step S3211, based on the pressure difference between any two circumferential positions of the pressing unit 15 being greater than a third pressure threshold, the pressing unit 15 is driven to move a first predetermined distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. The third pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold. At this point, it can be determined that the minimum angle between the upper end surface of the retaining ring 23 and the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113 is greater than the third predetermined angle, which can be greater than the second predetermined angle.

[0052] In step S3212, based on driving the pressing unit 15 to move the first set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, the second support portion 14 is moved the fifth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. Because the retaining ring 23 is currently tilted at a large angle, the second support portion 14 is moved the fifth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. The large fifth set distance moves the housing unit 21, which is in contact with the side of the second support portion 14 near the pressing unit 15, upward, thereby avoiding affecting the position of the cover 22 on the first support portion 13.

[0053] Step S3213, based on the second support part 14 moving the fifth set distance along the direction from the first mounting part 2112 to the second mounting part 2113, the second support part 14 at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit 15 on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit 15 moves the sixth set distance along the direction from the first mounting part 2112 to the second mounting part 2113.

[0054] In step S3214, based on the circumferential pressure of the pressing unit 15, the second support portion 14, located at a radially symmetrical position along the pressing unit 15, moves a sixth set distance in the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113. The second support portion 14 then moves a seventh set distance at a set speed in the direction from the second mounting portion 2113 to the first mounting portion 2112. The seventh set distance may be less than the fifth set distance to prevent the housing unit 21 from impacting the cover 22 at the set speed and causing damage. Due to the significant inclination of the retaining ring 23, the housing unit 21 can vibrate after rapidly moving downward and then stopping. This vibration of the housing unit 21 can cause the retaining ring 23 to slide rapidly, thereby causing the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 to become parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113.

[0055] In step S3215 , the second support portion 14 moves to a horizontal position based on the second support portion 14 moving at a set speed along the direction from the second mounting portion 2113 to the first mounting portion 2112 for a seventh set distance.

[0056] Step S3216: Based on the second support portion 14 moving to a horizontal position, the second support portion 14 drives the second mounting portion 2113 to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts against the inner circumference of the cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 is located on the side of the cover 22 close to the second mounting portion 2113; In step S3217, the second supporting portion 14 drives the second mounting portion 2113 to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts the inner circumference of the blind cover 22, and the first mounting portion 2112 is located on the side of the blind cover 22 closer to the second mounting portion 2113. The pressing portion 151 is then driven to move the retaining ring 23 toward the first supporting portion 13. After the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 is parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113, the retaining ring 23 is assembled with the second mounting portion 2113, and the blind cover 22 is assembled with the first mounting portion 2112.

[0057] In step S3218, the retaining ring 23 is moved toward the first supporting portion 13 by driving the pressing portion 151, and step S20 is executed. Thus, the universal joint is assembled.

[0058] In this embodiment, the tooling assembly 01 may include a sensing unit, which may detect and obtain the pressure exerted by the first supporting portion 13 on the base 11 .

[0059] The universal joint assembly method may further include steps S21 to S24 , which will be described in detail below.

[0060] In step S21, based on Z1 < Z2 and the retaining ring 23 being in an abnormal state, the second supporting portion 14 is driven to move from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113 toward the housing unit 21. This allows the second supporting portion 14 to move the housing unit 21 toward the pressing unit 15.

[0061] In step S22 , based on the second support portion 14 moving from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113 toward the housing unit 21 , the sensing unit can obtain the pressure exerted by the first support portion 13 on the base 11 .

[0062] In step S23, based on the pressure of the first support portion 13 on the base 11 being reduced to a set pressure, the second support portion 14 stops moving toward the housing unit 21. By reducing the pressure of the first support portion 13 on the base 11 to a set pressure, the base 11 supports the second support portion 14, which in turn supports the housing unit 21. The housing unit 21 withstands the downward pressure applied by the pressing unit 15. The relative positions of the housing unit 21 and the base 11 are fixed, and the blind cover 22 on the side of the first support portion 13 near the pressing unit 15 is fixed relative to the base 11. Therefore, the relative positions of the housing unit 21 and the blind cover 22 are fixed, and the positions of the housing unit 21 and the second support portion 14 are fixed. Consequently, during press-fitting, only the retaining ring 23 and the housing 2111 move relative to each other, ensuring that the second mounting portion 2113 and the retaining ring 23 are fully assembled. The blind cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 do not move relative to each other, thus preventing the blind cover 22 from deflecting during relative movement.

[0063] In step S24, upon the second support portion 14 ceasing its movement toward the housing unit 21, the pressing unit 15 drives the housing unit 21 and the second support portion 14 toward the base 11, respectively, to a second assembled state. This allows the second support portion 14 to move toward the housing unit 21 along the direction from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, supporting the entire weight of the housing unit 21. This secures the position of the second support portion 14 and the housing unit 21. The pressing unit 15 then moves toward the first support column, ensuring that the second mounting portion 2113 and the retaining ring 23 are assembled first. Subsequently, the upper end surface of the cover 22 abuts the lower end surface of the abutment portion 152. By driving the housing unit 21 and the second support portion 14 toward the base 11, the second support portion 14 and the pressing unit 15 drive the housing unit 21 and the second support portion 14 toward the base 11 at the same speed. This allows the universal joint assembly system to reach the second assembled state, thereby improving universal joint assembly efficiency.

[0064] In this embodiment, the universal joint assembly method may further include step S11 and step S12. Step S11 and step S12 will be described in detail below.

[0065] In step S11, upon the retaining ring 23 moving toward the first support portion 13 to a third assembled state, the pressing unit 15 stops driving. The third assembled state includes the positioning portion 153 being spaced apart from the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13, and the end of the cover 22 proximate to the second mounting portion 2113 abutting against the end of the buffer portion 2114 proximate to the first support portion 13. The first shell 211 of the housing unit 21 may include an outer shell 2111, a first mounting portion 2112, a second mounting portion 2113, and a buffer portion 2114. The first mounting portion 2112, the outer shell 2111, and the second mounting portion 2113 are sequentially fixedly connected along the axial direction of the outer shell 2111. The buffer portion 2114 may be tubular. The outer circumferential wall of the buffer portion 2114 may be fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the outer shell 2111. The outer diameter of the second mounting portion 2113 may match the inner diameter of the retaining ring 23. The inner diameter of the first mounting portion 2112 may match the outer diameter of the cover 22. The outer diameter of the abutment portion 152 is adapted to the inner diameter of the buffer portion 2114. The axial dimension of the first mounting portion 2112 can be in a set ratio with the outer diameter of the blind cover 22, and the set ratio can be 0.13~0.16. If the relative movement distance between the blind cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 is too long, the blind cover 22 may tilt. At the same time, the long relative movement stroke will also cause unnecessary wear and affect the sealing effect. Therefore, the axial movement stroke of the blind cover 22 is limited by the buffer portion 2114, thereby ensuring the installation position of the blind cover 22. The axial dimension of the abutment portion 152 is greater than the sum of the axial dimensions of the second mounting portion 2113 and the buffer portion 2114 along the second mounting portion 2113, and is smaller than the sum of the axial dimensions of the first mounting portion 2112, the second mounting portion 2113, and the buffer portion 2114 along the second mounting portion 2113. By limiting the dimensions of the abutment portion 152 , the first mounting portion 2112 , the second mounting portion 2113 , and the buffer portion 2114 , the pressing unit 15 can ensure that the first mounting portion 2112 is assembled with the cover 22 , and the second mounting portion 2113 is assembled with the retaining ring 23 .

[0066] In step S12, upon stopping the pressing unit 15, the second support portion 14 is driven to move from the first mounting portion 2112 to the second mounting portion 2113, toward the housing unit 21, to a second assembled state. This ensures a gap between the cover 22 and the first support portion 13. The second support portion 14 drives the housing unit 21 and the cover 22 upward, while the cover 22 is abutted by the buffer portion 2114. The cover 22 moves downward relative to the housing unit 21 until the positioning portion 153 abuts the top of the housing unit 21, thereby completing the assembly of the second mounting portion 2113 and the retaining ring 23. The bottom end of the buffer portion 2114 has low machining accuracy. If the bottom end of the buffer portion 2114 were used to position the cover 22, the cover 22 would likely tilt. However, since the bottom end of the abutting portion 152 has high machining accuracy, the lower end surface of the abutting end is used to align with the upper end surface of the cover 22, thereby completing the assembly of the cover 22 and the second mounting portion 2113.

[0067] In this embodiment, the universal joint assembly method may further include step S25 and step S26, which will be described in detail below.

[0068] In step S25, based on Z1 > Z2, F3 can be calculated from Z1 and Z2. The driving unit 12 then uses the third driving force F3 to drive the pressing portion 151 to move the retaining ring 23 toward the first support portion 13. F3 > F1. When the pressing portion 151 is driven by the third driving force F3 to move the retaining ring 23 toward the first support portion 13, the positioning portion 153 abuts the end of the housing unit 21 away from the first support portion 13 before the end of the cover 22 closer to the second mounting portion 2113 abuts the abutting portion 152.

[0069] In step S26, the retainer 23 moves toward the first support portion 13 to the second assembly state, and the assembly is completed. In this way, the second mounting portion 2113 and the retainer 23 are assembled first, and then the first mounting portion 2112 and the cover 22 are assembled.

[0070] In this embodiment, the present invention provides a universal joint assembly system, which can be applied to the universal joint assembly method of any of the above embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the universal joint assembly system may include a tooling assembly 01 and a shaft assembly 02 .

[0071] like Figure 3As shown, the tooling assembly 01 may include a base 11, a driving portion 12, a first supporting portion 13, and a pressing unit 15. The base 11 may be detachably connected to the driving portion 12. The first supporting portion 13 may be detachably connected to the base 11, and the base 11 may support the first supporting portion 13. The driving portion 12 may be drivingly connected to the pressing unit 15. The pressing unit 15 may include a pressing portion 151, an abutting portion 152, and a positioning portion 153. The abutting portion 152 and the positioning portion 153 are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the abutting portion 152. The inner peripheral wall of the pressing portion 151 may be fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the positioning portion 153. The positioning portion 153 is made to abut against one end of the shell unit 21 away from the second supporting portion 14, so that whether the retaining ring 23 is assembled with the second mounting portion 2113 can be determined by whether they abut.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the shaft assembly 02 may include a housing unit 21, a blind cover 22, and a retaining ring 23. The housing unit 21 may include a first shell 211. The first shell 211 may include an outer shell 2111, a first mounting portion 2112, and a second mounting portion 2113. The first mounting portion 2112, the outer shell 2111, and the second mounting portion 2113 are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell 2111. The first mounting portion 2112 can be assembled with the blind cover 22, and the second mounting portion 2113 can be assembled with the retaining ring 23. During assembly, the blind cover 22 can be used to seal grease. The retaining ring 23 can play a protective role when the universal joint housing 2111 is matched with other components, preventing foreign matter from entering from the connection between the universal joint housing 2111 and other components, thereby causing negative effects.

[0073] The universal joint assembly system can include a first assembly state, a second assembly state, and a third assembly state. The first assembly state can include the cover 22 abutting against the top of the first support portion 13. The inner circumference of the first mounting portion 2112 can abut against the outer circumference of the cover 22. The first mounting portion 2112 can be located at the end of the cover 22 away from the first support portion 13. The housing unit 21 can be spaced apart from the base 11. The retaining ring 23 can abut against the second mounting portion 2113. The retaining ring 23 can be located on the side of the second mounting portion 2113 away from the first mounting portion 2112. The pressing portion 151 drives the retaining ring 23 toward the first mounting portion 2112. The abutting portion 152 can be located within the space enclosed by the housing 2111. This allows for early preparation for the assembly of the first mounting portion 2112 with the cover 22, and the assembly of the second mounting portion 2113 with the retaining ring 23.

[0074] The second assembly state may include the first assembly state including the cover 22 being able to abut against the top end of the first support portion 13. The inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion 2112 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the cover 22. The first mounting portion 2112 may be located at an end of the cover 22 away from the first support portion 13. The housing unit 21 may be spaced apart from the base 11. The retaining ring 23 may abut against the second mounting portion 2113. The inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring 23 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the second mounting portion 2113. The positioning portion 153 may abut against the side of the second mounting portion 2113 away from the first mounting portion 2112. The outer circumferential surface of the cover 22 may abut against the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion 2112. The cover 22 may be spaced apart from the abutting portion 152. The abutting portion 152 may be located within the space surrounded by the housing 2111. When the pressing unit 15 reaches the second assembly state, that is, the first mounting portion 2112 and the cover 22 are assembled, and the second mounting portion 2113 and the retaining ring 23 are assembled.

[0075] The third assembly state may include the first assembly state including the cover 22 abutting against the top end of the first support portion 13. The inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion 2112 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the cover 22. The first mounting portion 2112 may be located at the end of the cover 22 away from the first support portion 13. The shell unit 21 is spaced apart from the base 11. The retaining ring 23 may abut against the second mounting portion 2113. The inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring 23 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the second mounting portion 2113. The positioning portion 153 may abut against the side of the second mounting portion 2113 away from the first mounting portion 2112. The outer circumferential surface of the cover 22 may abut against the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion 2112. The cover 22 may abut against the abutting portion 152. The abutting portion 152 may be located in the space surrounded by the shell 2111.

[0076] In other embodiments, the first support portion 13 may include a positioning rod 131, a guide rod 132, and a support rod 133. The support rod 133 may be detachably connected to the base 11, with one end of the support rod 133 fixedly connected to the guide rod 132 and the other end fixedly connected to the positioning rod 131. The upper end surface of the positioning rod 131 may support the cover 22. The housing unit 21 may include a second shell 212. The second shell 212 is fixedly connected to the end of the first shell 211 away from the pressing unit 15. The second shell 212 may cooperate with other components.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the tooling assembly 01 may also include a plurality of second support portions 14. The second support portion 14 may be movably connected to the base 11. The second support portion 14 may be movable along the axial direction of the base 11. The second support portion 14 drives the shell unit 21 to move toward or away from the base 11. In this way, the second support portion 14 cooperates with the pressing unit 15 so that the first mounting portion 2112 can be assembled with the cover 22, and the second mounting portion 2113 can be assembled with the retaining ring 23. And when the retaining ring 23 is in an abnormal state, the second support portion 14 can be adjusted, and then the shell unit 21 can be adjusted to make the lower end surface of the retaining ring 23 parallel to the upper end surface of the second mounting portion 2113.

[0078] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the first shell 211 may further include a buffer portion 2114. The outer peripheral wall of the buffer portion 2114 may be fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell 2111. The axial dimension of the first mounting portion 2112 may be in a set ratio with the outer diameter of the blind cover 22. The set ratio may be 0.13 to 0.16. If the relative movement distance between the blind cover 22 and the first mounting portion 2112 is too long, the blind cover 22 may tilt. At the same time, a large relative movement stroke may also cause unnecessary wear and affect the sealing effect. Therefore, the axial movement stroke of the blind cover 22 is limited by the buffer portion 2114.

[0079] The universal joint assembly system may also include a fourth assembly state. The fourth assembly state may include the cover 22 abutting against the top of the first support portion 13. The inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion 2112 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the cover 22. The first mounting portion 2112 may be located at the end of the cover 22 away from the first support portion 13. The housing unit 21 may be spaced apart from the base 11. The retaining ring 23 may abut against the second mounting portion 2113. The inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring 23 may abut against the outer circumferential surface of the second mounting portion 2113. The positioning portion 153 may be spaced apart from the side of the second mounting portion 2113 away from the first mounting portion 2112. The cover 22 may be spaced apart from the abutting portion 152. The abutting portion 152 may be located within the space enclosed by the housing 2111. The side of the cover 22 away from the first support portion 13 may abut against the buffer portion 2114.

[0080] In other embodiments, Figure 4As shown, the cover 22 may include a positioning cover 221 and an abutment groove 222. The abutment groove 222 may be recessed from the side of the positioning cover 221 closest to the second mounting portion 2113 toward the side of the positioning cover 221 closest to the first mounting portion 2112. The positioning cover 221 has a small axial dimension, meaning it is a thin plate. Therefore, after the abutment groove 222 is stamped into the positioning cover 221, a protrusion corresponding to the abutment groove 222 is formed on the side of the positioning cover 221 away from the abutment groove 222. This allows for reduced grease usage during assembly, thereby saving costs. Because the abutment groove 222 is machined with higher precision on the side closest to the pressing unit 15, it allows for better positioning with the abutment portion 152. The positioning cover 221 can abut against the inner circumferential surface of the first mounting portion, and the outer diameter of the positioning cover 221 is proportional to the axial dimension of the second mounting portion 2113, which may be 0.13 to 0.16. If the relative movement distance between the positioning cover 221 and the first mounting portion 2112 is too long, the cover 22 may tilt. At the same time, a long relative movement stroke will cause unnecessary wear and affect the sealing effect. Therefore, the buffer portion 2114 is used to limit the axial movement stroke of the cover 22.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A universal joint assembly method, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method comprises: Step S10, based on the completion of positioning, driving the pressing part of the pressing unit to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; wherein the completion of positioning includes the cover abutting against the top end of the first supporting part; the inner circumference of the first mounting part of the shell unit abutting against the outer circumference of the cover; the first mounting part is located at the end of the cover away from the first supporting part; the first supporting part is detachably connected to the base; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abuts against the second mounting part of the shell unit; the retaining ring is located at the side of the second mounting part away from the first mounting part; Step S20, based on the movement of the retaining ring toward the first supporting portion, obtaining Z1 and Z2; wherein Z1 is the resistance between the outer circumference of the cover and the inner circumference of the first mounting portion when the first mounting portion moves toward the cover; and Z2 is the resistance between the inner circumference of the retaining ring and the outer circumference of the second mounting portion when the retaining ring moves toward the second mounting portion; Step S30, based on Z1<Z2, correcting the position of the guard ring; Step S40, based on the completion of the position correction of the retaining ring, the pressing part of the pressing unit is driven by the first driving force F1 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; wherein Z1>F1>Z2; Step S50, based on the guard ring moving toward the first supporting portion to the first assembly state, the first driving force F1 is adjusted to the second driving force F2 to drive the pressing portion to move the first mounting portion toward the blind cover to the second assembly state; wherein, the first assembly state includes the positioning portion of the pressing unit abutting against the end of the shell unit away from the first supporting portion, and the blind cover is spaced apart from the abutment portion of the pressing unit on one side close to the second mounting portion; the second assembly state includes the positioning portion of the pressing unit abutting against the end of the shell unit away from the first supporting portion, and the blind cover is abutted against the abutment portion of the pressing unit on one side close to the second mounting portion; F2>Z1.

2. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S30 comprises: Step S31, based on Z1<Z2, obtaining multiple pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit; Step S32, based on a plurality of pressure values ​​in the circumferential direction of the laminating unit, obtaining a pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the laminating unit; Step S33, based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a first pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S34, based on the pressing unit moving the first set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit at a side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction moves a second set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S35, based on the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit moving the second set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit moving the second set distance from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion; Step S36, based on the side of the pressing unit with greater pressure in the circumferential direction, the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit moves the second set distance from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion, and drives the pressing portion to move the retaining ring toward the first support portion; Step S37, based on driving the pressing part to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part, executing step S20.

3. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method also includes: Step S321, based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a second pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; wherein the second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold; Step S322, based on the pressing unit moving the first set distance, the second supporting portion moves a third set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S323, based on the second supporting portion moving the third set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second supporting portion at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit moves the fourth set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S324, based on the second supporting portion at a symmetrical position along the radial direction of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit, moves the fourth set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, and the second supporting portion moves to a horizontal position; Step S325, based on the second supporting part moving to a horizontal position, the second supporting part drives the second mounting part to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting part abuts against the inner circumference of the cover and the first mounting part is located on the side of the cover close to the second mounting part; Step S326, based on the second supporting part driving the second mounting part to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting part abuts against the inner circumference of the cover and the first mounting part is located on the side of the cover close to the second mounting part, driving the pressing part to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; Step S327, based on driving the pressing part to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part, execute step S20.

4. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method also includes: Step S3211, based on the pressure difference between any two positions in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit being greater than a third pressure threshold, driving the pressing unit to move a first set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; wherein the third pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold; Step S3212: based on the pressing unit moving the first set distance, the second supporting portion moves a fifth set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S3213, based on the second supporting portion moving the fifth set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, the second supporting portion at the radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit on the side with greater pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit moves the sixth set distance along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S3214, based on the pressure in the circumferential direction of the pressing unit, the second support portion at a radially symmetrical position of the pressing unit moves the sixth set distance from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, and the second support portion moves the seventh set distance from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion at a set speed; Step S3215, based on the second supporting portion moving a seventh set distance along the direction from the second mounting portion to the first mounting portion at a set speed, the second supporting portion moves to a horizontal position; Step S3216, based on the second supporting part moving to a horizontal position, the second supporting part drives the second mounting part to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting part abuts against the inner circumference of the cover and the first mounting part is located on the side of the cover close to the second mounting part; Step S3217, based on the second supporting part driving the second mounting part to move until the inner circumference of the first mounting part abuts against the inner circumference of the blind cover and the first mounting part is located on the blind cover near the second mounting part, driving the pressing part to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; Step S3218, based on driving the pressing part to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part, execute step S20.

5. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method also includes: Step S21, based on Z1<Z2, driving the second supporting portion to move toward the housing unit along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion; Step S22, based on the second supporting portion moving toward the housing unit along the direction from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion, obtaining the pressure of the first supporting portion on the base; Step S23, based on the pressure of the first supporting part on the base being reduced by a set pressure, the second supporting part stops moving toward the housing unit; Step S24: based on the second supporting portion stopping moving toward the housing unit, the pressing unit drives the housing unit and the second supporting portion to move toward the base to the second assembly state.

6. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method also includes: Step S11, based on the movement of the retainer toward the first support portion to the third assembly state, the pressing unit stops driving; wherein the third assembly state includes that the positioning portion is spaced apart from one end of the housing unit away from the first support portion, and the end of the cover close to the second mounting portion abuts against one end of the buffer close to the first support portion; wherein the first shell of the housing unit includes an outer shell, a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion, and a buffer; the first mounting portion, the outer shell, and the second mounting portion are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell; the buffer portion is configured as a tubular body; the outer peripheral wall of the buffer portion is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell; the outer diameter of the second mounting portion is adapted to the inner diameter of the retainer; the inner diameter of the first mounting portion is adapted to the outer diameter of the cover; the outer diameter of the abutment portion is adapted to the inner diameter of the buffer portion; the axial dimension of the first mounting portion is in a set ratio to the outer diameter of the cover; the axial dimension of the abutment portion is greater than the sum of the axial dimensions of the second mounting portion and the buffer portion respectively along the axial direction of the second mounting portion, and is less than the sum of the axial dimensions of the first mounting portion, the second mounting portion, and the buffer portion respectively along the axial direction of the second mounting portion; Step S12: based on the pressing unit stopping driving, driving the second supporting portion to move from the first mounting portion to the second mounting portion toward the housing unit to a second assembly state.

7. A universal joint assembly method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly method also includes: Step S25, based on Z1>Z2, the pressing part is driven by the third driving force F3 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part; wherein F3>F1; when the pressing part is driven by the third driving force F3 to move the retaining ring toward the first supporting part, the positioning part abuts against the end of the housing unit away from the first supporting part before the end of the cover close to the second mounting part abuts against the abutting part; Step S26: The assembly is completed based on the retaining ring moving toward the first supporting portion to the second assembly state.

8. A universal joint assembly system, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly system is applied to a universal joint assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the universal joint assembly system comprises: A tooling assembly, the tooling assembly comprising a base, a driving portion, a first supporting portion, and a pressing unit; the base is detachably connected to the driving portion; the first supporting portion is detachably connected to the base; the driving portion is drivingly connected to the pressing unit; the pressing unit comprises a pressing portion, an abutting portion, and a positioning portion; the abutting portion and the positioning portion are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the abutting portion; the inner peripheral wall of the pressing portion is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the positioning portion; A shaft assembly, the shaft assembly comprising a housing unit, a cover, and a retaining ring; the housing unit comprises a first shell; the first shell comprises an outer shell, a first mounting portion, and a second mounting portion; the first mounting portion, the outer shell, and the second mounting portion are fixedly connected in sequence along the axial direction of the outer shell; The universal joint assembly system includes a first assembly state, a second assembly state, and a third assembly state; the first assembly state includes the cover abutting against the top end of the first support portion; the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abutting against the outer circumference of the cover; the first mounting portion is located at the end of the cover away from the first support portion; the housing unit is spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abuts against the second mounting portion; the retaining ring is located at the side of the second mounting portion away from the first mounting portion; the pressing portion drives the retaining ring to move toward the first mounting portion; the abutting portion is located in the space surrounded by the shell; The second assembly state includes that the first assembly state includes that the cover abuts against the top end of the first support portion; the inner circumference of the first mounting portion abuts against the outer circumference of the cover; the first mounting portion is located at the end of the cover away from the first support portion; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the retaining ring abuts against the second mounting portion; the inner circumference of the retaining ring abuts against the outer circumference of the second mounting portion; the positioning portion abuts against the side of the second mounting portion away from the first mounting portion; the outer circumference of the cover abuts against the inner circumference of the first mounting portion; the cover is spaced apart from the abutting portion; the abutting portion is located in the space surrounded by the shell; The third assembly state includes that the first assembly state includes that the blind cover abuts against the top end of the first support part; the inner circumference of the first mounting part abuts against the outer circumference of the blind cover; the first mounting part is located at the end of the blind cover away from the first support part; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the guard ring abuts against the second mounting part; the inner circumference of the guard ring abuts against the outer circumference of the second mounting part; the positioning part abuts against the side of the second mounting part away from the first mounting part; the outer circumference of the blind cover abuts against the inner circumference of the first mounting part; the blind cover abuts against the abutment part; the abutment part is located in the space surrounded by the outer shell.

9. A universal joint assembly system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tooling assembly also includes a plurality of second supporting parts; the second supporting parts are movably connected to the base; and the second supporting parts drive the housing unit to move toward or away from the base.

10. A universal joint assembly system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first shell further comprises a buffer portion; the outer peripheral wall of the buffer portion is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell; the axial dimension of the first mounting portion is in a set ratio to the outer diameter of the cover; The universal joint assembly system also includes a fourth assembly state; the fourth assembly state includes the blind cover abutting against the top end of the first support part; the inner circumference of the first mounting part abutting against the outer circumference of the blind cover; the first mounting part is located at the end of the blind cover away from the first support part; the shell unit is spaced apart from the base; the guard ring abuts against the second mounting part; the inner circumference of the guard ring abuts against the outer circumference of the second mounting part; the positioning part is spaced apart from the side of the second mounting part away from the first mounting part; the blind cover is spaced apart from the abutting part; the abutting part is located in the space surrounded by the outer shell; the blind cover abuts against the buffer part on the side away from the first support part.

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