Slow-release fermented organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a slow-release fermentation organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.The organic fertilizer is formed by mixing wormcast, a fermentation slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, plant ash, kieselguhr, bran and straw ash as raw materials, the abamectin sustained-release fertilizer has the advantages of prolonging the acting time of abamectin, reducing the number of times of pesticide application, reducing the use amount, reducing the prevention and treatment cost, protecting the environment, preventing insect bite and improving the crop quality, then the fermented fertilizer is coated by using the coating agent, so that the sustained-release effect can be generated, the loss of the fertilizer in the environment is reduced, and the development requirements of green agriculture and sustainable development agriculture are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the development of modern agriculture, fertilizers are key factors in improving crop yields and quality, and their types and usage methods are constantly innovating. Among them, fermented organic fertilizers, as a new type of fertilizer, are gradually becoming an important force in promoting the green development of modern agriculture with their unique advantages and significant ecological benefits, and are widely used in actual production.

[0003] Fermented organic fertilizer, as the name implies, is an organic fertilizer that combines biological fermentation technology. It adds specific microbial agents or enzyme preparations to organic materials, and conducts aerobic or anaerobic fermentation under suitable conditions to fully decompose and transform organic matter into fertilizers rich in a variety of beneficial microorganisms, humus and nutrients required by plants. Compared with traditional organic fertilizers, fermented organic fertilizers not only release nutrients more slowly and last longer, which can reduce nutrient loss and improve fertilizer utilization, but also effectively improve soil structure and promote soil ecological balance.

[0004] However, the fertility of fermented organic fertilizer is lost quickly, the utilization rate is not high, and repeated addition is required. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt slow-release technology, combined with fermentation technology, to slow down the loss of fertility of organic fertilizer and increase crop yields. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] A method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0009]

[0010] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0011] The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside;

[0012] The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into particles with a size of 0.5-2mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the specific preparation method of the fermentation slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0014] Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate;

[0015] Step 2: Add avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to the cyanobacteria homogenate, add clean water at the same time, mix well, and then continue stirring for 12-18 hours to form a mixture;

[0016] Step 3: soak the rice husk in water, take it out after 1-3 days, mix it evenly with the sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add exogenous microbial mixed inoculant, spray water until the water content is 50-60% to form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue fermentation for 40-50 days, and form fermented fertilizer;

[0017] Step 4: stir and mix the fermented fertilizer, gum arabic and modified starch evenly, then homogenize them, and then use a spray dryer to spray dry them to obtain the fermented slow-release fertilizer.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, in the step 2, the volume fraction of the avermectin emulsifiable concentrate is 3-5%.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, in step three, the mass ratio of rice husk, sheep manure, exogenous microbial EM agent and mixed material is 0.1-0.3:1:0.001-0.002:0.2-0.4.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, in step three, the exogenous microbial mixed agent is an EM agent.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, in step three, the compost is turned manually every 1-2 days during the fermentation process.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step 4, the mass ratio of the fermented fertilizer, gum arabic and modified starch is 10:0.3-0.5:0.3-0.5.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, in step 4, the pressure during homogenization is set to 20-30 MPa.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, in step 4, during spray drying, the air inlet temperature is set to 160-180°C, the air outlet temperature is set to 70-80°C, and the feed rate is set to 10-15L / h.

[0025] A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer is prepared by adopting the preparation method.

[0026] (III) Beneficial technical effects

[0027] The slow-release fermented organic fertilizer provided by the present invention firstly adds the avermectin loaded by cyanobacteria into the organic fertilizer, which has the effects of extending the action time of avermectin, reducing the number of applications and the amount of use, reducing the cost of prevention and treatment, protecting the environment, preventing insect bites, and improving the quality of crops. Then, the fermented fertilizer is coated with a coating agent, so that it can produce a slow-release effect, reduce the loss of fertilizer in the environment, and meet the development requirements of green agriculture and sustainable agricultural development.

[0028] The present invention solves the problem of loose soil structure by adding earthworm castings, diatomaceous earth and other materials as raw materials of organic fertilizer. The added fermented slow-release fertilizer can effectively improve the utilization rate of nutrients by plants, effectively promote plant growth and yield, and the fermented slow-release fertilizer raw materials are waste sheep manure, water pollutant blue algae, agricultural waste rice husks, etc., which realizes the effective recycling of organic waste and can effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases. It is of great significance to ecological environment protection, mitigation of soil degradation, and agricultural weight loss and drug reduction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0032]

[0033] The preparation method of the slow-release fermentation organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0034] The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside;

[0035] The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into granules with a size of 1 mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

[0036] The specific preparation method of fermented slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0037] Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate;

[0038] Step 2: Add 50 mL of 3% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to 1.5 kg of cyanobacteria homogenate, add 20 L of clean water, mix well, and continue stirring for 12 hours to form a mixture;

[0039] Step 3: Soak 0.5 kg of rice husk in water, take it out after 1 day, mix it evenly with 5 kg of sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add 0.005 kg of exogenous microbial EM inoculant, spray water until the moisture content is 50%, form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue to ferment for 40 days, and turn the compost manually every other day to form fermented fertilizer;

[0040] Step 4: Stir and mix 5kg of fermented fertilizer, 0.15kg of gum arabic, and 0.15kg of modified starch evenly, and then homogenize them under a pressure of 20MPa. Then set the air inlet temperature of the spray dryer to 160°C, the air outlet temperature to 70°C, and the feed rate to 10L / h. Use a spray dryer to perform spray drying to obtain the fermented slow-release fertilizer.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0043]

[0044] The preparation method of the slow-release fermentation organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0045] The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside;

[0046] The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into granules with a size of 1 mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

[0047] The specific preparation method of fermented slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0048] Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate;

[0049] Step 2: Add 50 mL of 4% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to 1.5 kg of cyanobacteria homogenate, add 20 L of clean water, mix well, and continue stirring for 16 hours to form a mixture;

[0050] Step 3: Soak 1 kg of rice husk in water, take it out after 2 days, mix it evenly with 5 kg of sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add 0.005 kg of exogenous microbial EM inoculant, spray water until the moisture content is 60% to form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue to ferment for 45 days, and turn the compost manually every other day to form fermented fertilizer;

[0051] Step 4: Stir and mix 5kg of fermented fertilizer, 0.2kg of gum arabic, and 0.2kg of modified starch evenly, and then homogenize them under a pressure of 25MPa. Then set the air inlet temperature of the spray dryer to 170°C, the air outlet temperature to 75°C, and the feed rate to 12L / h. Use a spray dryer to perform spray drying to obtain the fermented slow-release fertilizer.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0054]

[0055] The preparation method of the slow-release fermentation organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0056] The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside;

[0057] The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into granules with a size of 1 mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

[0058] The specific preparation method of fermented slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0059] Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate;

[0060] Step 2: Add 50 mL of 5% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to 1.5 kg of cyanobacteria homogenate, add 20 L of clean water, mix well, and continue stirring for 18 hours to form a mixture;

[0061] Step 3: Soak 1.5 kg of rice husk in water, take it out after 3 days, mix it evenly with 5 kg of sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add 0.01 kg of exogenous microbial EM inoculant, spray water until the moisture content is 60% to form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue to ferment for 50 days, and turn the compost manually every 2 days to form fermented fertilizer;

[0062] Step 4: Stir and mix 5kg of fermented fertilizer, 0.25kg of gum arabic, and 0.25kg of modified starch evenly, and then homogenize them under a pressure of 30MPa. Then set the air inlet temperature of the spray dryer to 180°C, the air outlet temperature to 80°C, and the feed rate to 15L / h. Use a spray dryer to perform spray drying to obtain the fermented slow-release fertilizer.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0065]

[0066] The preparation method of the slow-release fermentation organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0067] The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside;

[0068] The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into granules with a size of 1 mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

[0069] The specific preparation method of fermented fertilizer is as follows:

[0070] Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate;

[0071] Step 2: Add 50 mL of 4% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to 1.5 kg of cyanobacteria homogenate, add 20 L of clean water, mix well, and continue stirring for 16 hours to form a mixture;

[0072] Step 3: Soak 1 kg of rice husk in water, take it out after 2 days, mix it evenly with 5 kg of sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add 0.005 kg of exogenous microorganism EM inoculant, spray water until the moisture content is 60% to form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue to ferment for 45 days, and turn the compost manually every other day to form fermented fertilizer.

[0073] Test Case

[0074] Plant tomato seedlings in an area of ​​500m 2In the smart greenhouse, 50 seedlings were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups. The first four groups were fertilized with the slow-release fermented organic fertilizers in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, respectively. The last group was the control group, and no fertilizer was applied. After culturing for 1 month, the fifth side branch was selected from the root upward, and the fifth leaf from the outside to the inside was marked to measure parameters such as plant height and weight. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0075] Table 1 - Test results

[0076] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparison example Plant height / cm 129.5 130.2 130.1 124.4 118.4 Weight / g / plant 675.7 681.1 678.2 591.0 503.7 Vitamin C / mg / 100g 29.8 30.3 29.6 27.4 26.1 Soluble sugar / % 7.65 7.71 7.62 6.47 4.22

[0077] Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas, including the best mode, and also enable any technician in the field to practice the present invention, including making and using any device or system, and implementing any combined method. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art. If these other embodiments have structural elements similar to the literal expression of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are not substantially different from the literal expression of the claims, then these other embodiments should also be included in the scope of the claims.

[0078] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is made from the following raw materials by weight: The preparation method comprises the following steps: The first step is to weigh each raw material in parts by weight and set aside; The second step is to mix all the raw materials, stir them mechanically and put them into a granulator for granulation. The obtained granules are dried and then crushed into particles with a size of 0.5-2mm. Finally, after the metering and packaging process, the organic fertilizer can be obtained through slow-release fermentation.

2. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The specific preparation method of the fermented slow-release fertilizer is as follows: Step 1: placing the cyanobacteria in a light-transmitting container for anaerobic fermentation for 1 month to form a cyanobacteria homogenate; Step 2: Add avermectin emulsifiable concentrate to the cyanobacteria homogenate, add clean water at the same time, mix well, and then continue stirring for 12-18 hours to form a mixture; Step 3: soak the rice husk in water, take it out after 1-3 days, mix it evenly with the sheep manure after impurities are removed, then add exogenous microbial mixed inoculant, spray water until the water content is 50-60% to form compost, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, add the mixture to the compost, continue fermentation for 40-50 days, and form fermented fertilizer; Step 4: stir and mix the fermented fertilizer, gum arabic and modified starch evenly, then homogenize them, and then use a spray dryer to spray dry them to obtain the fermented slow-release fertilizer.

3. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: In the step 2, the volume fraction of the avermectin emulsifiable concentrate is 3-5%.

4. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: In the step three, the mass ratio of rice husk, sheep manure, exogenous microbial EM agent and mixed material is 0.1-0.3:1:0.001-0.002:0.2-0.

4.

5. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: In the step three, the exogenous microbial mixed agent is an EM agent.

6. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 3, the compost is turned manually every 1-2 days during the fermentation process.

7. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 4, the mass ratio of the fermented fertilizer, gum arabic and modified starch is 10:0.3-0.5:0.3-0.

5.

8. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 4, the pressure during the homogenization process is set to 20-30 MPa.

9. The method for preparing a slow-release fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 4, during spray drying, the air inlet temperature is set to 160-180°C, the air outlet temperature is set to 70-80°C, and the feed rate is set to 10-15L / h.

10. A slow-release fermented organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The method is prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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