Water-saving arrangement structure of distributed ship lock and water delivery method

Abstract

The water-saving arrangement structure comprises an upstream ship lock and a downstream ship lock, a middle navigation channel is arranged between the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock, and one side of the upstream ship lock is provided with an upstream water-saving pool, a high pool and a water delivery gallery communicated with the upstream water-saving pool and the high pool. One side of the downstream ship lock is provided with a downstream water-saving pool, a low pool and water delivery galleries which are respectively communicated with the downstream water-saving pool, the low pool and the downstream ship lock, and communicated water delivery galleries are also arranged between the upstream ship lock and the low pool and between the high pool and the downstream ship lock; the water storage volume of the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool, the downstream water-saving pool and the low pool is one third of the water storage volume of the lock chamber of the upstream ship lock or the downstream ship lock. The invention further discloses a method for conveying water by using the water-saving arrangement structure of the distributed ship lock, through water transportation between the upstream ship lock and each pool and between the downstream ship lock and each pool, the working water head of a water conveying valve between the pools is lowered, the working condition of the valves is improved, and the key technical problem of valve hydraulics of the high-water-head distributed ship lock of a mountain river is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water-saving ship lock water delivery system, and in particular to a water-saving arrangement structure and a water delivery method of a decentralized ship lock. Background Art

[0002] Most of the rivers in mountainous areas are mountainous canyon terrains with complex environments, and the reconstruction and expansion of navigation buildings face huge challenges. The dispersed layout of ship lock-intermediate channel-ship lock is an effective way to solve the problem of ships passing through dams under mountainous canyon conditions, and it is also an important development direction for high dam navigation in the future. However, this type of dispersed navigation building project faces problems such as excessively high design head of ship locks, prominent contradictions between ship lock water consumption and power generation of power stations. In terms of research, foreign research institutions' research in this field was mainly concentrated in the 1950s. For example, they conducted tests and prototype observations on the flow conditions of the intermediate channel between double-line ship locks, and studied the characteristics of surge waves around the intermediate channel. In recent years, research institutions such as Nanjing Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Tianjin Water Transport Engineering Science Research Institute, and Chongqing Jiaotong University have also carried out a series of studies on the wave and flow characteristics of the intermediate channel and the navigation characteristics of ships in a calm water environment. However, the above research did not solve the problems of large working head of valves in the ship lock water supply system and serious water consumption of the ship lock.

[0003] Water-saving ship locks can improve the efficiency of water resource utilization and reduce the water consumption of ship lock operation. For high-head ship locks, it can also reduce the working head of the ship lock, reduce the technical difficulty of solving the working conditions of the valve, and simplify the layout of the ship lock water delivery system. For the field of high dam navigation, due to the limited layout space and large fluctuations in the upstream and downstream water levels, how to apply the advantages of water-saving ship locks to this type of navigation engineering is the focus of future research. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a water-saving layout structure of a decentralized ship lock that solves the problems of high operating head, large upstream and downstream water level fluctuations, and water conveyance hydraulics.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A water-saving arrangement structure of a decentralized ship lock comprises an upstream ship lock and a downstream ship lock of the same size, wherein the upstream ship lock is provided with a water filling valve for replenishing water thereto, and the downstream ship lock is provided with a water discharge valve for discharging water outward, and intermediate navigation channels respectively connected to the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock are provided between the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock, and an upstream water-saving pool and a downstream water-saving pool are provided on one side of the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock, respectively, and a high pool and a low pool are provided on one side of the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock, respectively, and the water storage capacity of the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool, the downstream water-saving pool and the low pool are all one-third of the water storage capacity of the lock chamber of the upstream ship lock or the downstream ship lock, the maximum water level of the upstream water-saving pool is two-thirds of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock, and the maximum water level of the high pool is one-third of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock, and water transfer corridors connected to the upstream ship lock, the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool and the low pool are provided between the upstream ship lock and the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool and the low pool, respectively. The maximum water level of the downstream provincial water tank is two-thirds of the highest navigable water level of the downstream ship lock. The maximum water level of the low tank is the same as the highest navigable water level of the downstream ship lock. Water transfer corridors connected to the downstream provincial water tank, low tank and high tank are arranged between the downstream ship lock and each water transfer corridor is provided with a water transfer valve.

[0006] As an optimization, the length and width of the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool, the downstream water-saving pool and the low pool are respectively consistent with the length and width of the upstream lock or the downstream lock.

[0007] The present invention also discloses a method for conveying water using the water-saving arrangement structure of the above-mentioned decentralized ship lock. When a ship is going downstream, an upstream ship enters the upstream ship lock, opens the water conveyance valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream water-saving tank, and causes the upstream ship lock to convey water to the upstream water-saving tank until the upstream water-saving tank reaches the highest water level, then closes the water conveyance valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream water-saving tank; opens the water conveyance valve between the upstream ship lock and the high tank, causes the upstream ship lock to convey water to the high tank, and closes the water conveyance valve between the upstream ship lock and the high tank after the high tank reaches the highest water level; opens the water conveyance valve between the upstream ship lock and the low tank, causes the upstream ship lock to convey water to the low tank. Until the upstream ship lock reaches the minimum navigable water level and the low pool reaches the maximum water level, the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the low pool is closed, the lower gate of the upstream ship lock is opened, and the upstream ships enter the downstream ship lock through the middle navigable channel; the upper gate of the downstream ship lock is closed, and the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving pool is opened, so that the downstream ship lock transfers water to the downstream water-saving pool, until the downstream water-saving pool reaches the maximum water level, and then the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving pool is closed; the discharge valve is opened, and the downstream ship lock discharges water to the downstream until the downstream ship lock reaches the minimum navigable water level, then the discharge valve is closed, the lower gate of the downstream ship lock is opened, and the upstream ships sail downstream; When the ship is moving upstream, the downstream ship enters the downstream ship lock, closes the lower gate of the downstream ship lock, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving tank, and allows the downstream water-saving tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock until the downstream water-saving tank reaches the lowest water level, then closes the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving tank; opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the low tank, allows the low tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock until the low tank reaches the lowest water level, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the high tank, allows the high tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock, until the high tank reaches the lowest water level and the downstream ship lock reaches the highest navigation level When the water level reaches the lowest, close the water transfer valve between the high pool and the downstream ship lock, open the upper gate of the downstream ship lock, and allow downstream ships to enter the upstream ship lock through the intermediate navigation channel; close the lower gate of the upstream ship lock, open the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream provincial water tank, and allow the upstream provincial water tank to transfer water to the upstream ship lock until the upstream provincial water tank reaches the lowest water level; then close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream provincial water tank, open the water filling valve, and allow upstream water to fill the upstream ship lock until the upstream lock reaches the highest navigation water level; then close the water filling valve, open the upper gate of the upstream ship lock, and allow downstream ships to sail upstream.

[0008] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes water transportation between upstream and downstream locks by setting upstream and downstream water-saving pools, high pools and low pools. It can not only adapt to the changes in water levels upstream and downstream of the locks and reduce the working water head between the pools, but also avoid the water hammer pressure caused by the opening and closing of valves during long-distance water transfer between the upstream and downstream locks directly through the water transfer corridor, improve the valve working conditions, and solve the key technical problems of valve hydraulics of high-head decentralized locks in mountainous rivers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the upstream and downstream ship locks in the present invention respectively transferring water to the upstream and downstream water saving pools, the high pool and the low pool; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the upstream and downstream water saving pools, the high pool and the low pool in the present invention respectively conveying water to the upstream and downstream ship locks; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the change of water level over time during the discharge process of the upstream lock chamber in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the change of water level over time during the discharge process of the downstream lock chamber of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the change of water level over time during the water filling process of the downstream lock chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the water level changing over time during the water filling process of the upstream lock chamber in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the arrow direction in the figure represents the water delivery direction. The water-saving arrangement structure of the decentralized ship lock in this specific implementation method includes an upstream ship lock 1 and a downstream ship lock 2 of the same size. The upstream ship lock 1 is provided with a water filling valve for replenishing water thereto, and the downstream ship lock 2 is provided with a water discharge valve for discharging water outward. An intermediate navigation channel connected to the upstream ship lock 1 and the downstream ship lock 2 is provided between the upstream ship lock 1 and the downstream ship lock 2, respectively. An upstream water-saving tank 3 and a downstream water-saving tank 4 are provided on one side of the upstream ship lock 1 and the downstream ship lock 2, respectively. A high pool 5 and a low pool 6 are also provided on one side of the upstream ship lock 2. The water storage capacity of the upstream provincial water pool 3, the high pool 5, the downstream provincial water pool 4 and the low pool 6 is one-third of the water storage capacity of the lock chamber of the upstream ship lock 1 or the downstream ship lock 2. The maximum water level of the upstream provincial water pool 3 is two-thirds of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock 1, and the maximum water level of the high pool 5 is one-third of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock 1. Water transfer corridors connected to the upstream provincial water pool 3, the high pool 5 and the low pool 6 are provided between the upstream ship lock 2 and the upstream provincial water pool 3, the high pool 5 and the low pool 6, respectively. The maximum water level of the downstream provincial water tank 4 is two-thirds of the maximum navigable water level of the downstream ship lock 2, the maximum water level of the low tank 6 is the same as the maximum navigable water level of the downstream ship lock 2, and water transfer corridors connected to the downstream provincial water tank 4, the low tank 6 and the high tank 5 are respectively arranged between the downstream ship lock 2, and each water transfer corridor is respectively provided with a water transfer valve.

[0012] In this specific implementation, the length and width of the upstream water-saving pool 3 , the high pool 5 , the downstream water-saving pool 4 and the low pool 6 are respectively consistent with the length and width of the upstream ship lock 1 or the downstream ship lock 2 .

[0013] A method for conveying water using the water-saving arrangement structure of the above-mentioned decentralized ship lock. In the specific implementation process, the dimensions of the upstream and downstream lock chambers are: 190*23*5.5m (length*width*threshold water depth), the single-stage ship lock head is 40.8m, and the area of ​​the water-saving pool is 5222㎡; when the ship is going down, the upstream ship enters the upstream ship lock 1, closes the upper gate of the upstream ship lock 1, opens the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the upstream water-saving pool 3, and causes the upstream ship lock 1 to convey water to the upstream water-saving pool 3 until the upstream water-saving pool 3 reaches After reaching the highest water level, close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the upstream provincial water pool 3; open the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the high pool 5, so that the upstream ship lock 1 can transfer water to the high pool 5, and close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the high pool 5 until the high pool 5 reaches the highest water level; open the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the low pool 6, so that the upstream ship lock 1 can transfer water to the low pool 6, and close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the low pool 6 until the upstream ship lock 1 reaches the lowest navigable water level and the low pool 6 reaches the highest water level. Figure 3 As shown, the highest water level of the upstream lock chamber is 293m, which is reduced to the lowest water level of 252.2m. The lower gate of the upstream ship lock 1 is opened, and the upstream ships enter the downstream ship lock 2 through the middle navigation channel; the upper gate of the downstream ship lock 2 is closed, and the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the downstream water-saving tank 4 is opened, so that the downstream ship lock 2 transfers water to the downstream water-saving tank 4 until the downstream water-saving tank 4 reaches the highest water level, and then the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the downstream water-saving tank 4 is closed; the discharge valve is opened, and the downstream ship lock 2 discharges water downstream until the downstream ship lock 2 reaches the lowest navigation water level, and then the discharge valve is closed, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the highest water level of the downstream lock chamber dropped from 252.2m to the lowest water level of 211.4m, the lower gate of the downstream ship lock 2 was opened, and the upstream ships sailed downstream; When the ship is going upstream, the downstream ship enters the downstream ship lock 2, closes the lower gate of the downstream ship lock 2, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the downstream water-saving tank 4, and allows the downstream water-saving tank 4 to transfer water to the downstream ship lock 2 until the downstream water-saving tank 4 reaches the lowest water level, then closes the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the downstream water-saving tank 4; opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the low tank 6, and allows the low tank 6 to transfer water to the downstream ship lock 2 until the low tank 6 reaches the lowest water level, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock 2 and the high tank 5, and allows the high tank 5 to transfer water to the downstream ship lock 2 until the high tank 5 reaches the lowest water level and the downstream ship lock 2 reaches the highest navigable water level, then closes the water transfer valve between the high tank 5 and the downstream ship lock 2. Figure 5As shown, the lowest water level of the downstream lock chamber rises from 211.4m to the highest water level of 252.2m, the upper gate of the downstream ship lock 2 is opened, and the downstream ships enter the upstream ship lock 1 through the intermediate navigation channel; the lower gate of the upstream ship lock 1 is closed, and the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the upstream water-saving tank 3 is opened to allow the upstream water-saving tank 3 to transfer water to the upstream ship lock 1 until the upstream water-saving tank 3 reaches the lowest water level, then the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock 1 and the upstream water-saving tank 3 is closed, the filling valve is opened, and the upstream water fills the upstream ship lock 1 until the upstream ship lock 1 reaches the highest navigation water level, then the filling valve is closed, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the lowest water level of the upstream lock chamber rose from 252.2m to the highest water level of 293m, the upper gate of the upstream ship lock 1 was opened, and the downstream ships sailed upstream.

[0014] When the upstream ship lock transfers water to the upstream provincial water tank, high tank and low tank respectively, the working head is only one-third of the water level of the upstream ship lock. Moreover, when the downstream provincial water tank, low tank and high tank transfer water to the downstream ship lock, the same working head is only one-third of the water level of the downstream ship lock. This not only saves water consumption of the ship lock, but also reduces the mooring force on the ship in the lock chamber, and reduces the difficulty of hydraulic problems of high-head ship locks in mountainous areas.

[0015] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water-saving arrangement structure of a decentralized ship lock, comprising an upstream ship lock and a downstream ship lock of the same size, wherein the upstream ship lock is provided with a water filling valve for replenishing water thereto, and the downstream ship lock is provided with a water discharge valve for discharging water outward, and an intermediate navigation channel is provided between the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock and is connected to the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock respectively, and an upstream water-saving tank and a downstream water-saving tank are provided on one side of the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock respectively, characterized in that: A high pool and a low pool are respectively provided on one side of the upstream ship lock and the downstream ship lock. The water storage capacity of the upstream provincial water pool, the high pool, the downstream provincial water pool and the low pool is one-third of the water storage capacity of the lock chamber of the upstream ship lock or the downstream ship lock. The maximum water level of the upstream provincial water pool is two-thirds of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock, and the maximum water level of the high pool is one-third of the highest navigable water level of the upstream ship lock. Water transfer corridors connected to the upstream provincial water pool, the high pool and the low pool are respectively provided between the upstream ship lock and the upstream provincial water pool, the high pool and the low pool. The maximum water level of the downstream provincial water tank is two-thirds of the highest navigable water level of the downstream ship lock. The maximum water level of the low tank is the same as the highest navigable water level of the downstream ship lock. Water transfer corridors connected to the downstream provincial water tank, low tank and high tank are arranged between the downstream ship lock and each water transfer corridor is provided with a water transfer valve.

2. The water-saving arrangement structure of the decentralized ship lock according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length and width of the upstream water-saving pool, the high pool, the downstream water-saving pool and the low pool are respectively consistent with the length and width of the upstream or downstream ship lock.

3. A method for conveying water using the water-saving arrangement structure of the decentralized ship lock according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: When the ship is going downstream, the upstream ship enters the upstream ship lock, closes the upper gate of the upstream ship lock, opens the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream water-saving tank, and allows the upstream ship lock to transfer water to the upstream water-saving tank until the upstream water-saving tank reaches the highest water level, then closes the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream water-saving tank; opens the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the high tank, allows the upstream ship lock to transfer water to the high tank, and closes the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the high tank until the high tank reaches the highest water level; opens the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the low tank, allows the upstream ship lock to transfer water to the low tank, until the upstream ship lock reaches the minimum navigable water level At the same time, when the low pool reaches the highest water level, close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the low pool, open the lower gate of the upstream ship lock, and the upstream ships enter the downstream ship lock through the middle navigation channel; close the upper gate of the downstream ship lock, open the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving pool, so that the downstream ship lock can transfer water to the downstream water-saving pool, until the downstream water-saving pool reaches the highest water level, then close the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving pool; open the discharge valve, and the downstream ship lock discharges water to the downstream until the downstream ship lock reaches the lowest navigation water level, then close the discharge valve, open the lower gate of the downstream ship lock, and the upstream ships sail downstream; When the ship is moving upstream, the downstream ship enters the downstream ship lock, closes the lower gate of the downstream ship lock, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving tank, and allows the downstream water-saving tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock until the downstream water-saving tank reaches the lowest water level, then closes the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the downstream water-saving tank; opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the low tank, allows the low tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock until the low tank reaches the lowest water level, opens the water transfer valve between the downstream ship lock and the high tank, allows the high tank to transfer water to the downstream ship lock, until the high tank reaches the lowest water level and the downstream ship lock reaches the highest navigation level When the water level reaches the lowest, close the water transfer valve between the high pool and the downstream ship lock, open the upper gate of the downstream ship lock, and allow downstream ships to enter the upstream ship lock through the intermediate navigation channel; close the lower gate of the upstream ship lock, open the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream provincial water tank, and allow the upstream provincial water tank to transfer water to the upstream ship lock until the upstream provincial water tank reaches the lowest water level; then close the water transfer valve between the upstream ship lock and the upstream provincial water tank, open the water filling valve, and allow upstream water to fill the upstream ship lock until the upstream lock reaches the highest navigation water level; then close the water filling valve, open the upper gate of the upstream ship lock, and allow downstream ships to sail upstream.

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