Outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geographical surveying and mapping, and discloses an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof.The outdoor measuring device comprises two rotating cylinders, the same winding belt is arranged between the two rotating cylinders in a pulling mode, and soil inserting positioning rods inserted into soil are arranged at the bottoms of the rotating cylinders; a swing cylinder used for winding the winding belt is arranged in the rotating cylinder, the swing cylinder is sleeved with a trigger ring, a balancing weight is arranged on the trigger ring through a plumb line, and a measuring part used for measuring the swing angle of the plumb line is further arranged on the trigger ring. The trigger ring and the base station rotate coaxially, and meanwhile, the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, so that when deflection occurs, the plumb line with the balancing weight is still in a perpendicular state, the rotating wheel is driven to rotate, the pointer on the rotating rod is also driven to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle scale; and the angle of the gamma surface corresponding to the a surface and the b surface can be quickly read.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geographic surveying and mapping technology, and in particular to an outdoor measuring device and a measuring method thereof for geographic surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing outdoor geographic environment surveying and mapping devices are inconvenient to measure. They often need to be placed on a specific terrain for measurement. Traditional geographic surveying and mapping devices often cause inaccurate measurement and mapping due to the uneven ground when working in the field, especially for the detection of different slope surfaces on the same piece of land, that is, the horizontal distance between the measurement points and the relative inclination angle between the two measurement surfaces. Figure 8 The β and γ corresponding angles in the measurement are measured, but the measuring device in the prior art has only one measuring device, which can only detect the ground data where the measuring device is located. If it is necessary to detect the data dimensions of two grounds, a secondary measurement is required, and then the data is analyzed and processed, which often increases the processing volume and cannot record the data of the two required ground slopes at one time.

[0003] Therefore, we designed an outdoor measuring device and a measuring method for geographic surveying and mapping. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the measuring device has only one measuring device and can only detect the ground data where the measuring device is located. If it is necessary to detect two ground data dimensions, a secondary measurement is required, and then the data is analyzed and processed, which often increases the processing volume. An outdoor measuring device and a measuring method for geographic surveying and mapping are proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping comprises two rotating cylinders, a same winding belt is arranged between the two rotating cylinders, a soil-inserting positioning rod inserted into the soil is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder, a swinging cylinder for winding the winding belt is arranged inside the rotating cylinder, a trigger ring is sleeved on the swinging cylinder, a counterweight block is arranged on the trigger ring through a plumb line, a measuring part for measuring the swing angle of the plumb line is also arranged on the trigger ring, a measuring rod is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder, and a measuring slider for measuring the swing angle of the swinging cylinder slides on the measuring rod.

[0007] Preferably, an annular rail is provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and both ends of the swinging cylinder slide on the annular rail through sliding blocks. A rotating shaft is vertically fixed on the swinging cylinder, and a trigger ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. An opening is opened on the rotating cylinder, and the winding belt passes through the opening.

[0008] Preferably, a base is fixed to the inner wall of the swing cylinder, a telescopic rod penetrating the rotating cylinder is inserted on the base, the telescopic rod telescopically slides in the rotating cylinder through side blocks, the rotating shaft rotates in the base through a ball assembly, the ball assembly includes a plurality of balls and ball grooves, the trigger ring rotates coaxially with the base, and the trigger ring is connected to the swing cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder is connected to a support ring via a connecting pipe, the support ring is coaxially sleeved with a fixing ring, and the measuring rod is radially arranged between the support ring and the fixing ring.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed block is fixed to the outer side wall of the telescopic rod, the measuring rod is engraved with scales, and a measuring slider is slidably disposed on the measuring rod, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected between the measuring slider and the fixed block.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating shaft is coaxially provided with a rotating cavity, the telescopic rod is coaxially inserted in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft, an extension rod is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft, an inner cavity is provided on the telescopic rod, and the extension rod extends into the inner cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a thread groove is formed on the inner wall of the inner cavity, and a stop rod extending into the thread groove is fixedly provided at the end of the extension rod.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring unit comprises:

[0014] The rotating groove is arranged at the bottom of the trigger ring, and a rotating wheel rotates in the rotating groove, one end of the plumb line is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel, and the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating rod coaxially fixed with the rotating wheel is inserted through the trigger ring, a pointer is fixed at the end of the rotating rod, and an angle disk is fixed on the outer side wall of the trigger ring.

[0016] A measuring method of an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping, the specific measuring method is as follows:

[0017] S1: First, select two slopes to be tested, and then vertically insert two soil-inserting positioning rods with rotating cylinders into the slopes. During this process, the same winding belt originally wound in the two swinging cylinders is pulled out, and the pulled-out winding belt can detect whether the surface where the winding belt is located is horizontal;

[0018] S2: If the swing angle of the swing cylinder needs to be measured, the swing cylinder in the rotating cylinder will swing and drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the base through the ball assembly. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the stop rod at the end of the extension rod to rotate together, and pushes the threaded groove to drive the telescopic rod to slide telescopically, and then pushes the fixed block to drive the measuring slider to slide on the measuring rod through the connecting rod, thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding surface;

[0019] S3: If you need to measure the swing angle of the plumb line, since the trigger ring rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, when deflection occurs, the plumb line with the counterweight is still in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and also drive the pointer on the rotating rod to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle dial.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The swing cylinder in the rotating cylinder of the present invention swings and drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the base through the ball assembly. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the push rod at the end of the extension rod to rotate together, and pushes the threaded groove, drives the telescopic rod to slide telescopically, and then pushes the fixed block to drive the measuring slider to slide on the measuring rod through the connecting rod, thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding β surface.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, the trigger ring rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. Therefore, when deflection occurs, the plumb line with the counterweight is still in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and also drive the pointer on the rotating rod to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle dial, so that the angle of the a and b surfaces corresponding to the γ surface can be quickly read. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating cylinder in an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a left and right isometric view of a rotating cylinder in an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at the center A;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating shaft in an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at C in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of two slope angles β and γ.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Soil insertion positioning rod; 2. Rotating cylinder; 3. Winding belt; 4. Swinging cylinder; 5. Trigger ring; 6. Counterweight; 7. Plumb line; 8. Annular track; 9. Sliding block; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Ball assembly; 12. Fixed ring; 13. Opening; 14. Support ring; 15. Connecting pipe; 16. Measuring rod; 17. Measuring block; 18. Fixed block; 19. Telescopic rod; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Extension rod; 22. Side block; 23. Abutment rod; 24. Inner cavity; 25. Threaded groove; 26. Angle plate; 27. Rotating rod; 28. Pointer; 29. ​​Rotating wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping includes two rotating cylinders 2, a same winding belt 3 is pulled between the two rotating cylinders 2, and a soil insertion positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 2. It should be noted that such a design is convenient for simultaneously measuring two inclined surfaces with different slopes, such as Figure 1 The a-side and b-side in the figure have Figure 8 The combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and the combined inclination angles of β2 and γ2 are shown in the figure. The outdoor measuring device needs to measure the data of the combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and the combined inclination angles of β2 and γ2.

[0033] It should be noted that the a-plane and b-plane to be mapped have combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and β2 and γ2, respectively, where γ1, γ2, β1 and β2 are the angles with the horizontal plane, respectively, such as Figure 8 As shown, the surveying and mapping device is to survey and detect the combined tilt angle surface of β1 and γ1 possessed by the a surface, and the combined tilt angle surface of β2 and γ2 possessed by the b surface.

[0034] Two slope surfaces a and b to be detected are selected, and the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 is inserted into the corresponding surface a and surface b, wherein the bottom of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 is provided with spikes to facilitate insertion into the soil, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 are vertically inserted into the slope surface, and a swing cylinder 4 for winding the winding belt 3 is provided in the rotating cylinder 2. When the two rotating cylinders 2 are pulled apart, the same winding belt 3 originally wound in the two swinging cylinders 4 is pulled out in the process, and an opening 13 is provided on the rotating cylinder 2, and the winding belt 3 passes through the opening 13, so the pulled-out winding belt 3 can detect whether the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is horizontal;

[0035] Among them, the winding of the winding belt 3 is a prior art and will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0036] When the pulled out winding belt 3 is in an inclined state, that is, the insertion points of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 inserted into the corresponding surfaces a and b are not in the same horizontal plane, so the insertion point needs to be readjusted to ensure that the insertion points of surfaces a and b are in the same plane to facilitate subsequent measurements, that is, the depth of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil needs to be adjusted again to ensure that the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is a horizontal plane, which is convenient for measuring the combined inclination angle surfaces of β1 and γ1 on surface a, and the combined inclination angle surfaces of β2 and γ2 on surface b.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 State, the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 2 is provided with an annular rail 8, and the two ends of the swinging cylinder 4 slide on the annular rail 8 through the sliding slider 9. When the inclination angles β1 and β2 appear, the trigger ring 5 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 10, and a counterweight 6 is hung on the trigger ring 5. At this time, the swinging cylinder 4 on the annular rail 8 in the two rotating cylinders 2 is always in a vertical state under the action of the sliding slider 9 and the counterweight 6. As shown in the figure, the two rotating cylinders 2 are in an inclined state. Since the rotating cylinder 2 and the soil insertion positioning rod 1 are rotatably connected, it is ensured that the openings 13 of the two rotating cylinders 2 are in a relative state during use. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the counterweight 6 is always in a vertical state with the trigger ring 5, that is, the rotating groove at the bottom of the trigger ring 5 opens downward, which will also bring the swinging cylinder 4 to be the same as the plumb line 7. The axis of the swinging cylinder 4 and the plumb line 7 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so the rotating shaft 10 on the swinging cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the base.

[0038] A rotating shaft 10 is vertically fixed on the swing cylinder 4, the trigger ring 5 is connected to the swing cylinder 4, and a base is fixed on the inner wall of the swing cylinder 4. When the tilt angles β1 and β2 appear, the rotating shaft 10 will rotate in the base. The rotating shaft 10 rotates in the base through the ball assembly 11. The ball assembly 11 includes a plurality of balls and ball grooves. If the angles of the two β planes need to be measured, the swing cylinder 4 in the rotating cylinder 2 will swing and drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate in the base through the ball assembly 11.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6A telescopic rod 19 that passes through the rotating cylinder 2 is inserted on the base, and a rotating cavity is coaxially opened on the rotating shaft 10. The telescopic rod 19 is coaxially inserted in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft 10. An extension rod 21 is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft 10. An inner cavity 24 is opened on the telescopic rod 19, and the extension rod 21 extends into the inner cavity 24. A threaded groove 25 is opened on the inner wall of the inner cavity 24. A push rod 23 that extends into the threaded groove 25 is fixedly set at the end of the extension rod 21. Due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 10, the push rod 23 at the end of the extension rod 21 is driven to rotate together, and push the side wall of the threaded groove 25, driving the telescopic rod 19 to telescope and slide, wherein the telescopic rod 19 telescopes and slides on the rotating cylinder 2 through the side block 22, wherein a side groove for limiting the side block 22 is opened on the base, to ensure that the telescopic rod 19 with the side block 22 can slide along the axis without rotating, and push the subsequent fixed block 18 to move together.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a measuring rod 16 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 2, and a measuring slider 17 for measuring the swing angle β of the swing cylinder 4 slides on the measuring rod 16. The outer wall of the rotating cylinder 2 is connected to the support ring 14 through the connecting pipe 15. The support ring 14 is coaxially sleeved with a fixing ring 12, and the measuring rod 16 is arranged between the support ring 14 and the fixing ring 12 along the diameter. Then, the rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the extension rod 21 to turn differently in the inner cavity 24, such as Figure 6 As shown, different directions will cause the push rod 23 to push the threaded groove 25, leading the telescopic rod 19 to telescope, and finally leading the fixed block 18 to telescope together;

[0041] A fixed block 18 is fixed to the outer wall of the telescopic rod 19, a scale is engraved on the measuring rod 16, and a measuring slider 17 is slid on the measuring rod 16. A connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected between the measuring slider 17 and the fixed block 18. The fixed block 18 is pushed to drive the measuring slider 17 to slide on the measuring rod 16 through the connecting rod 20, and then the corresponding β surface is measured. The measuring rod 16 is engraved with a scale, and the initial position of the measuring slider 17 is 0 degrees. Positive and negative scales are engraved on the left and right sides respectively. This setting ensures that when measuring the inclination angle of the β surface, the inclination direction is opposite, so when the measuring slider 17 slides left and right on the measuring rod 16, the scale values ​​marked are also different.

[0042] If the angle of the γ plane needs to be measured, a trigger ring 5 is sleeved on the swing cylinder 4, a counterweight 6 is arranged on the trigger ring 5 through a plumb line 7, and a measuring part for measuring the swing angle γ of the plumb line 7 is also arranged on the trigger ring 5. Figure 5 and Figure 7State, the measuring part includes a rotating groove, the rotating groove is opened at the bottom of the trigger ring 5, and a rotating wheel 29 rotates in the rotating groove, one end of the plumb line 7 is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel 29, and the axis of the rotating wheel 29 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10. This arrangement can ensure that when the device produces a β angle deflection, the rotating wheel 29 at this time will not rotate. Since the trigger ring 5 rotates coaxially with the base, the trigger ring 5 is hung with a counterweight 6 on the plumb line 7, thereby ensuring that the trigger ring 5 is always coaxial with the base, and under the action of the counterweight 6, the rotating wheel 29 is always at the bottom of the trigger ring 5.

[0043] Therefore, when deflection occurs, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 is still in a vertical state, which drives the rotating wheel 29 to rotate.

[0044] A rotating rod 27 coaxially fixed with the rotating wheel 29 is inserted through the trigger ring 5, a pointer 28 is fixed to the end of the rotating rod 27, and an angle disk 26 is fixed to the outer wall of the trigger ring 5. When the rotating wheel 29 rotates, the pointer 28 is driven to deflect on the angle disk 26, and then the corresponding data is read.

[0045] It should be noted that the initial position of the pointer 28 on the rotating wheel 29 and the initial position of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 are both marked as 0 degrees. When the pointer 28 swings left and right on the rotating wheel 29, it is marked as γ1 and γ2 at angles; and the left and right sliding of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 is marked as β1 and β2 at angles. Therefore, the measuring device can simultaneously measure Figure 1 The angles of the two orientations of the a-plane and the b-plane are measured and read simultaneously, thereby achieving a fast measurement effect.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0047] S1: First, two slopes to be tested are selected, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 are vertically inserted into the slopes, wherein the bottom of the soil-inserting positioning rods 1 is provided with spikes to facilitate insertion into the soil, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 are vertically inserted into the slopes, and a swing cylinder 4 for winding up the winding belt 3 is provided in the rotating cylinder 2. When the two rotating cylinders 2 are pulled apart, the same winding belt 3 originally wound up in the two swing cylinders 4 is pulled out in the process, and an opening 13 is provided on the rotating cylinder 2, and the winding belt 3 passes through the opening 13, so that the pulled-out winding belt 3 can detect whether the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is horizontal;

[0048] When the pulled out winding belt 3 is in an inclined state, that is, at this time, the insertion points of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 into the corresponding a-surface and b-surface are not in the same horizontal plane, so it is necessary to readjust the insertion points to ensure that the insertion points of the a-surface and the b-surface are in the same plane, which is convenient for subsequent measurements, that is, it is necessary to adjust the depth of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil again to ensure that the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is a horizontal plane, which is convenient for measuring the combined inclination angle surface of β1 and γ1 of the a-surface, and the combined inclination angle surface of β2 and γ2 of the b-surface;

[0049] S2: If the angle of the β surface needs to be measured, since the rotating cylinder 2 and the soil insertion positioning rod 1 are rotatably connected, it is ensured that the openings 13 of the two rotating cylinders 2 are in a relative state during use. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the counterweight block 6 is always in a vertical state with the trigger ring 5, that is, the rotating groove opening at the bottom of the trigger ring 5 faces downward, which will also drive the swing cylinder 4 and the plumb line 7. The axis of the swing cylinder 4 and the plumb line 7 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the rotating shaft 10 on the swing cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the base, and the swing cylinder 4 in the rotating cylinder 2 will swing, thereby driving the rotating shaft 10 to rotate in the base through the ball assembly 11. Due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 10, the support rod 23 at the end of the extension rod 21 is driven to rotate together, and the threaded groove 25 is pushed to drive the telescopic rod 19 to telescope and slide, and then the fixed block 18 is pushed to drive the measuring slider 17 to slide on the measuring rod 16 through the connecting rod 20. The rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the extension rod 21 to turn differently in the inner cavity 24, such as Figure 6 As shown, different directions will cause the push rod 23 to push the threaded groove 25, leading the telescopic rod 19 to telescope, and finally leading the fixed block 18 to telescope together, thereby measuring the corresponding β surface at an angle;

[0050] S3: If the angle of the γ plane needs to be measured, since the trigger ring 5 rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel 29 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10, when deflection occurs, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 is still in a vertical state. This arrangement can ensure that when the device produces a β angle deflection, the rotating wheel 29 does not rotate at this time. Since the trigger ring 5 rotates coaxially with the base, the counterweight 6 hung on the plumb line 7 on the trigger ring 5 ensures that the trigger ring 5 is always coaxial with the base, and under the action of the counterweight 6, the rotating wheel 29 is always at the bottom of the trigger ring 5. When deflection occurs, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 is still in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel 29 to rotate, and also drive the pointer 28 on the rotating rod 27 to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle disk 26;

[0051] The initial position of the pointer 28 on the rotating wheel 29 and the initial position of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 are both marked as 0 degrees. When the pointer 28 swings left and right on the rotating wheel 29, it is marked as γ1 and γ2 at angles; and the left and right sliding of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 is marked as β1 and β2 at angles. Therefore, the measuring device can simultaneously measure Figure 1 The angles of the two orientations of the a-plane and the b-plane are measured and read simultaneously, thereby achieving a fast measurement effect.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping, comprising two rotating drums (2), characterized in that: A same winding belt (3) is arranged between the two rotating cylinders (2), a soil-inserting positioning rod (1) inserted into the soil is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder (2), a swinging cylinder (4) for winding the winding belt (3) is arranged inside the rotating cylinder (2), a trigger ring (5) is sleeved on the swinging cylinder (4), a counterweight block (6) is arranged on the triggering ring (5) through a plumb line (7), a measuring part for measuring the swing angle of the plumb line (7) is also arranged on the triggering ring (5), a measuring rod (16) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (2), and a measuring slider (17) for measuring the swing angle of the swinging cylinder (4) is slid on the measuring rod (16).

2. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotating cylinder (2) is provided with an annular rail (8), and the two ends of the swing cylinder (4) slide on the annular rail (8) through sliding blocks (9). A rotating shaft (10) is vertically fixed on the swing cylinder (4), and a trigger ring (5) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10). An opening (13) is opened on the rotating cylinder (2), and the winding belt (3) passes through the opening (13).

3. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: A base is fixed to the inner wall of the swing cylinder (4), a telescopic rod (19) penetrating the rotating cylinder (2) is inserted on the base, the telescopic rod (19) telescopically slides on the rotating cylinder (2) through a side block (22), the rotating shaft (10) rotates in the base through a ball assembly (11), the ball assembly (11) includes a plurality of balls and ball grooves, the trigger ring (5) rotates coaxially with the base, and the trigger ring (5) is connected to the swing cylinder (4).

4. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating cylinder (2) is connected to a support ring (14) via a connecting pipe (15); the support ring (14) is coaxially sleeved with a fixing ring (12); and a measuring rod (16) is radially arranged between the support ring (14) and the fixing ring (12).

5. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed block (18) is fixed to the outer wall of the telescopic rod (19), a scale is engraved on the measuring rod (16), and a measuring slider (17) slides on the measuring rod (16), and a connecting rod (20) is rotatably connected between the measuring slider (17) and the fixed block (18).

6. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (10) is coaxially provided with a rotating cavity, the telescopic rod (19) is coaxially inserted into the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft (10), an extension rod (21) is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft (10), an inner cavity (24) is provided on the telescopic rod (19), and the extension rod (21) extends into the inner cavity (24).

7. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner cavity (24) is provided with a thread groove (25), and the end of the extension rod (21) is fixedly provided with a stop rod (23) extending into the thread groove (25).

8. The outdoor measuring device and measuring method for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The measuring unit comprises: A rotating groove is provided at the bottom of the trigger ring (5), and a rotating wheel (29) rotates in the rotating groove, one end of the plumb line (7) is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel (29), and the axis of the rotating wheel (29) and the axis of the rotating shaft (10) are perpendicular to each other.

9. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating rod (27) coaxially fixed with the rotating wheel (29) is inserted through the trigger ring (5), a pointer (28) is fixed to the end of the rotating rod (27), and an angle plate (26) is fixed to the outer wall of the trigger ring (5).

10. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof, using the outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping of claim 9, characterized in that: The specific measurement method is as follows: S1: First, two slopes to be tested are selected, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods (1) with rotating cylinders (2) are vertically inserted into the slopes. During this process, the same winding belt (3) originally wound in the two swinging cylinders (4) is pulled out, and the pulled out winding belt (3) can detect whether the surface where the winding belt (3) is located is horizontal; S2: If the swing angle of the swing cylinder (4) needs to be measured, the swing cylinder (4) in the rotating cylinder (2) swings and drives the rotating shaft (10) to rotate in the base through the ball assembly (11). The rotation of the rotating shaft (10) drives the stop rod (23) at the end of the extension rod (21) to rotate together, and pushes the threaded groove (25), drives the telescopic rod (19) to slide telescopically, and then pushes the fixed block (18) through the connecting rod (20) to drive the measuring slider (17) to slide on the measuring rod (16), thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding surface; S3: If it is necessary to measure the swing angle of the plumb line (7), since the trigger ring (5) rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel (29) is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (10), when deflection occurs, the plumb line (7) with the counterweight (6) is still in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel (29) to rotate, and also drive the pointer (28) on the rotating rod (27) to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle plate (26).

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