Large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-evaporation-rate large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank, and relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and new energy, the low-evaporation-rate large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank comprises a vertical storage tank and a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank arranged in the vertical storage tank, and the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank comprises a spherical tank heat insulation material filled in a vacuum cavity formed by an inner tank body and an outer tank body; and a combined space gap is formed between the outer wall of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank, and is filled with a combined space heat insulation material. A form of combining a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and a vertical storage tank is adopted, the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is arranged in the vertical storage tank, and a certain distance is formed between an outer tank of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank to form a combined space. On the basis of a spherical tank heat insulation material, the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen can be greatly reduced through double heat insulation by adding a combined space heat insulation material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry and new energy, and more specifically to the technical field of a large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with a low evaporation rate. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrogen storage tank is a low-temperature container for storing liquid hydrogen. It is generally composed of an inner tank, an outer shell, an insulation structure and mechanical components for connection, measuring instruments, safety facilities, liquid and gas injection and discharge pipes, accessories, etc. Existing patents disclose the following technologies:

[0003] CN109296932A, the patent name of "A liquid hydrogen storage tank", discloses the following content: including an inner tank, the outer peripheral wall of the inner tank is provided with a composite material layer, the outer peripheral wall of the composite material layer is provided with an insulating inner layer, the outer peripheral wall of the insulating inner layer is provided with an insulating inner layer, the outer peripheral wall of the insulating inner layer is provided with an outer tank, the bottom of the outer tank is fixedly connected with a placement plate, the two sides of the placement plate are fixedly connected with reinforcing ribs, the bottom two ends of the placement plate are fixedly connected with shock-absorbing plates, and the placement plate is fixedly connected with a base through the shock-absorbing plate. By arranging reinforcing ribs, shock-absorbing plates, sleeves, shock-absorbing springs, pistons and piston rods, the advantages of enhanced fixation, shockproof and high safety are achieved. The reinforcing ribs can strengthen the fixation of the outer tank. The shock-absorbing plates are spring steel plates with good elasticity and buffer vibration. The arrangement of the sleeves, shock-absorbing springs, pistons and piston rods provides a double shock-absorbing effect, greatly slows down vibration, avoids damage to the liquid hydrogen storage tank due to vibration, and improves its safety.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN115076592B and patent name "A liquid hydrogen storage tank BOG control system and control method, liquid hydrogen storage tank" discloses the following contents: including: liquid hydrogen storage system, refrigeration subsystem II, data monitoring and control subsystem, safety management system. Among them, the liquid hydrogen storage system is used to store liquid hydrogen, the refrigeration subsystem is used to generate and transmit cold to the liquid hydrogen storage system, and take away the waste heat inside the liquid hydrogen storage system to realize the refrigeration process inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the data monitoring and control subsystem is used to monitor the pressure, temperature, liquid level and other data in the liquid hydrogen storage system, and actively control the refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen in the tank; the safety management system IV is used to handle the hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage system under accident conditions. The refrigeration subsystem in the present invention is an integrated helium refrigeration subsystem. The present invention solves the problem of large-scale, long-term, lossless storage of liquid hydrogen on the ground.

[0005] The patent with the publication number CN115046128A and the patent name "A Spherical Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank" discloses the following contents: including: an inner tank, in which liquid hydrogen is stored; an outer tank, which is arranged on the periphery of the inner tank and is a prestressed concrete structure; a cold insulation layer, which is filled in the spherical annular space between the inner tank and the outer tank and is formed by a stacked cold insulation material; an airtight layer; the airtight layer is arranged between the cold insulation layer and the outer tank. The structure of the prestressed concrete spherical liquid hydrogen storage tank can not only meet the safety and reliability requirements, but also break through the volume limit of large-volume liquid hydrogen storage tanks.

[0006] Although the above patents disclose some types of liquid hydrogen storage tanks, they still have the following defects:

[0007] 1. Since hydrogen has a very low boiling point, the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen is very high when stored at low temperatures, resulting in excessive cooling loss and hydrogen loss. Rapidly vaporized hydrogen will cause the internal pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to rise rapidly, which may easily cause safety hazards. At present, liquid hydrogen storage tanks are double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tanks or double-layer vertical containers. The inner and outer tanks are filled with insulation materials and evacuated, but the space between the inner and outer layers is limited, and the evaporation rate is still high.

[0008] 2. Since the pillars of the double-layer hydrogen storage tank usually need to pass through the spherical outer tank to support the spherical inner tank, when the medium is low temperature, the connection between the pillars and the spherical outer tank is likely to cause cold loss, and the direct connection between the pillars and the spherical inner and outer tanks is likely to cause a large temperature difference stress, resulting in damage to the connection.

[0009] 3. In a large-scale liquid hydrogen combination storage tank with a low evaporation rate and a leakage protection layer, the leakage protection layer cannot play the role of fixing the spherical tank pillars, and special anchors are required to anchor the pillars.

[0010] 4. To ensure the safety of discharge, the discharge port in the liquid hydrogen combination storage tank needs to pass through the outer layer of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the top plate of the vertical storage tank at the same time. While considering the mutual expansion, it should be conducive to the filling of the spherical tank insulation material and cannot destroy the vacuum state of the spherical tank. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with a low evaporation rate.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0013] The present invention provides a large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with a low evaporation rate, comprising a vertical storage tank and a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank arranged inside the vertical storage tank, wherein the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank comprises a spherical tank thermal insulation material filled in a vacuum cavity formed by inner and outer tank bodies; a combined space gap exists between the outer wall of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank, and the combined space gap is filled with the combined space thermal insulation material.

[0014] Specifically, this solution adopts the form of a combination of a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and a vertical storage tank. The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is built into the vertical storage tank, and the outer tank of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is separated from the inner wall of the vertical storage tank by a certain distance to form a combined space. The cavity between the inner and outer tank bodies of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is first evacuated and then filled with spherical tank insulation material, and the combined space is also filled with combined space insulation material. On the basis of spherical tank insulation material, by adding combined space insulation material, double insulation can greatly reduce the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen.

[0015] In one embodiment, a tank base is provided at the bottom of the vertical tank;

[0016] The vertical storage tank comprises a vertical storage tank bottom plate fixed on the storage tank base, a vertical storage tank body arranged on the vertical storage tank bottom plate, and a vertical storage tank top plate arranged on the top of the vertical storage tank body;

[0017] The inner wall and the inner bottom of the vertical storage tank body are provided with a heat insulation protection layer, and the inner side of the heat insulation protection layer is adhered with a leakage protection layer in contact with the combined space insulation material.

[0018] Specifically, when a leakage protection layer is set between the outer tank body of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the vertical storage tank, after the inner tank body of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank leaks, even if the outer tank body of the spherical tank leaks again, the liquid hydrogen can still be isolated by the leakage protection layer to ensure that the vertical storage tank and the entire tank base are not damaged.

[0019] In one embodiment, the materials of the spherical tank insulation material and the combined space insulation material are one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0020] Specifically, perlite or other heat insulating materials are filled between the inner tank body and the outer tank body, and vacuum is drawn. Perlite or other heat insulating materials are filled in the combined space gap between the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the vertical storage tank.

[0021] In one embodiment, the leakage protection layer is made of a low-temperature metal material, a low-temperature resistant insulating material or a high-density polyethylene sheet.

[0022] Specifically, low-temperature metal materials include austenitic stainless steel, nickel steel, low-alloy ferritic steel, aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy, titanium and titanium alloy, iron-based superalloy, duplex steel, etc. Low-temperature resistant insulation materials include liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyparaxylene, and epoxy-bonded glass fiber tapes. High-density polyethylene sheet: This material performs well in extreme low-temperature environments, with a minimum operating temperature of -70°C, and can even withstand harsh conditions of -100°C in some cases. It has good mechanical strength and chemical stability and is widely used in cold chain logistics, low-temperature storage, and medicine.

[0023] In one embodiment, the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank also includes an outer tank body, an inner tank body arranged inside the outer tank body, and a spherical tank support assembly fixed to the bottom of the vertical storage tank body for supporting the outer tank body and the inner tank body, and a vacuum chamber for filling the spherical tank insulation material is formed between the outer tank body and the inner tank body.

[0024] In one embodiment, the center of the outer tank body coincides with the center of the inner tank body.

[0025] In one embodiment, the spherical tank support assembly includes a plurality of support members of the same structure uniformly distributed on the bottom of the outer tank body according to the circumference;

[0026] Each supporting member includes a support base plate, a support column and an outer sleeve; the support base plate is fixed to the inner bottom of the vertical storage tank body, the bottom of the support column is fixed to the support base plate, the outer tank body is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes with a diameter larger than the diameter of the support column, and the top of the support column passes through the corresponding avoidance holes on the outer tank body and is fixed to the outer wall of the inner tank body;

[0027] The outer sleeve fitting is sleeved on the support column below the outer tank body, the top of the outer sleeve fitting is seal-welded to the corresponding avoidance hole of the outer tank body; the bottom of the outer sleeve fitting is seal-welded to the support column.

[0028] Specifically, the support column is connected to the outer tank body through an outer sleeve fitting, thereby avoiding large support stress caused by direct connection between the outer tank body and the support column.

[0029] In one embodiment, there is a support gap between the outer sleeve and the support column, and the support gap is filled with support insulation material.

[0030] Specifically, the space between the outer sleeve and the support column is filled with insulating material, so that the sleeve support plate can avoid damage to the connection between the outer tank body and the outer sleeve due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0031] In one embodiment, a support plate is provided in the vacuum chamber formed between the outer tank body and the inner tank body, and the support plate is connected between the outer wall of the inner tank body and the support column.

[0032] Specifically, a support plate is arranged on the inner side of the connection between the support column and the inner tank body, and the support plate prevents the connection between the inner tank body and the support column from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0033] In one embodiment, it also includes a casing support plate, which is connected between the outer wall of the outer tank and the outer casing.

[0034] Specifically, a casing support plate is arranged inside the connection between the outer casing fitting and the outer tank body, and the casing support plate prevents the connection between the outer tank body and the outer casing fitting from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0035] In one embodiment, the outer sleeve comprises an upper conical sealing sleeve and a lower conical sealing head, and the conical sealing sleeve and the conical sealing head are integrally formed.

[0036] In one embodiment, the diameter of the conical sealing sleeve is the same as the large diameter of the conical head, the top shape of the conical sealing sleeve is adapted to the shape of the corresponding avoidance hole, and is sealed and connected thereto by welding, the bottom of the conical sealing sleeve is welded to the large diameter end of the conical head as a whole, the small diameter end of the conical head is provided with a through hole whose aperture is adapted to the outer diameter of the support column, and the small diameter end of the conical head is welded to the support column.

[0037] Specifically, the conical head on the conical sealing sleeve increases the flexibility of the connection between the outer sleeve and the support column, avoiding damage to the support connection caused by excessive temperature difference stress between the inner and outer tank bodies.

[0038] In one embodiment, the material of the supporting insulation material is one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0039] In one embodiment, an auxiliary support member is disposed between two adjacent support columns, and two ends of the auxiliary support member are respectively connected to the two adjacent support columns.

[0040] In one embodiment, the auxiliary support member is an X-shaped tie rod assembly.

[0041] In one embodiment, each support column is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the pull rod assembly.

[0042] In one embodiment, a support anchoring structure is provided at the bottom of each supporting member for fixing each supporting member to the base of the storage tank.

[0043] In one embodiment, each pillar anchoring structure includes an upper anchoring plate, a middle connecting member, a lower anchoring plate and an anchor assembly connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0044] The leakage protection layer is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the upper anchor plate, the edge of the first through hole of the leakage protection layer is overlapped on the upper anchor plate, and is sealed with the edge of the upper anchor plate by welding or bonding;

[0045] The upper anchor plate is detachably connected to the support base plate;

[0046] A second through hole for accommodating the middle connecting piece is provided in the heat-insulating protective layer;

[0047] A third through hole is provided below the bottom plate of the vertical storage tank to allow the corresponding middle connecting piece to pass through, and the lower anchor plate is provided at the corresponding third through hole below the bottom plate of the vertical storage tank in a sealed manner;

[0048] The anchors are embedded in the tank base.

[0049] Specifically, the pillar anchoring structure is a combined structure, and the upper and lower anchor plates are connected, fixed and reinforced by the middle connector. The lower anchor plate is buried in the tank base through the anchor assembly, and the upper anchor plate is connected to the pillar bottom plate through fasteners.

[0050] The upper anchor plate is welded or bonded to the leakage protection layer to ensure sealing, and the lower anchor plate is welded to the bottom plate of the vertical storage tank to ensure connection strength and sealing.

[0051] In one embodiment, the upper anchor plate is detachably connected to the support base plate by at least two sets of bolt fasteners.

[0052] In one embodiment, the middle connecting member includes a vertically arranged inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have the same axial length and are aligned up and down;

[0053] The upper end of the inner cylinder and the upper end of the outer cylinder are both sealed with the upper anchor plate by welding; the lower end of the inner cylinder and the lower end of the outer cylinder are both sealed with the lower anchor plate by welding.

[0054] In one embodiment, the axis of the inner cylinder coincides with the axis of the outer cylinder.

[0055] In one embodiment, the interior of the inner cylinder and the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are filled with anchoring insulation material.

[0056] Specifically, the anchoring structure is a combined structure. The upper and lower anchoring plates are connected, fixed and reinforced by inner and outer cylinders. All gaps between the inner and outer cylinders are filled with anchoring insulation materials, which effectively prevents the leaked medium from causing low-temperature damage to the tank base. The lower anchoring plate is pre-buried in the tank base through bolts, and the upper anchoring plate is connected to the support base through fasteners.

[0057] In one embodiment, the anchoring insulation material is made of one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0058] In one embodiment, the anchor plate is a square plate, and the anchor assembly includes a plurality of anchors arranged in a rectangular array at the bottom of the anchor plate, and each anchor is embedded in the tank base.

[0059] In one embodiment, the anchor plate is a circular plate, and the anchor assembly includes a plurality of anchors arranged in a circular array at the bottom of the anchor plate, and each anchor is embedded in the tank base.

[0060] In one embodiment, it also includes a feed port assembly and a discharge port assembly with the same structure, and the discharge port assembly includes a discharge pipe, an inner jacket and an outer jacket;

[0061] The top of the inner tank body and the outer tank body are both provided with discharge ports for allowing the discharge pipe to pass through, the lower end of the discharge pipe extends to the inner bottom of the inner tank body through the discharge port, and the upper end of the discharge pipe extends to the outside of the top plate of the vertical storage tank;

[0062] The inner jacket is arranged on the discharge pipe outside the outer tank body, the inner jacket part extends out of the vertical storage tank top plate, the bottom of the inner jacket is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the outer tank body, the top of the inner jacket is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe, and an inner jacket expansion joint is arranged on the inner jacket.

[0063] In one embodiment, there is a gap between the bottom of the discharge pipe and the inner bottom of the inner tank body, and there is a gap between the bottom of the discharge pipe and the inner bottom of the inner tank body.

[0064] In one embodiment, a plurality of inclined support rods are evenly distributed along the circumference at the bottom of the discharge pipe, the lowest position of each inclined support rod is lower than the lowest position of the discharge pipe, and the bottom of each inclined support rod is welded to the inner wall of the inner tank body.

[0065] In one embodiment, a heat preservation gap is provided between the discharge pipe and the inner jacket, and the heat preservation gap is filled with an outlet heat insulation material.

[0066] In one embodiment, the outlet insulation material is made of one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum panel.

[0067] In one embodiment, a sealing plate is provided on the top of the inner jacket and is sealed and welded to the outer wall of the discharge pipe. A thermal insulation material filling port communicating with the thermal insulation gap is provided on the sealing plate.

[0068] In one embodiment, an inner jacket expansion joint is provided at the top of the inner jacket side wall.

[0069] In one embodiment, the outer jacket is mounted on the inner jacket located outside the top plate of the vertical storage tank, the bottom of the outer jacket is welded to the top plate of the vertical storage tank, and the top of the outer jacket is welded to the side wall of the inner jacket below the expansion joint of the inner jacket through a sealing plate.

[0070] In one embodiment, an outer jacket expansion joint is provided at the top of the outer jacket side wall.

[0071] A top plate hole is provided on the top of the top plate of the vertical storage tank and is sealed with the outer wall of the inner jacket by welding.

[0072] Specifically, the discharge port assembly adopts an inner and outer double-layer jacket structure, and expansion joints are respectively provided on the inner and outer jackets to avoid excessive temperature difference stress. An insulation material filling port is provided on the inner jacket to facilitate the filling of the insulation material of the entire spherical tank.

[0073] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0074] 1. This scheme adopts the combination of double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and vertical storage tank. The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is built into the vertical storage tank. The outer tank of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is separated from the inner wall of the vertical storage tank by a certain distance to form a combined space. The cavity between the inner and outer tanks of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is first evacuated and then filled with spherical tank insulation material, and the combined space is also filled with combined space insulation material. On the basis of spherical tank insulation material, by adding combined space insulation material, double insulation can greatly reduce the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen.

[0075] 2. When a leakage protection layer is set between the outer tank body of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the vertical storage tank, after the inner tank body of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank leaks, even if the outer tank body of the spherical tank leaks again, the liquid hydrogen can still be isolated by the leakage protection layer to ensure that the vertical storage tank and the entire tank base are not damaged.

[0076] 3. The support column is connected to the outer tank body through the outer sleeve fitting, which avoids the large support stress caused by the direct connection between the outer tank body and the support column. The outer sleeve fitting and the support column are filled with insulation material to avoid the casing support plate and avoid the connection between the outer tank body and the outer sleeve fitting from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0077] 4. A support plate is set inside the connection between the support column and the inner tank body to prevent the connection between the inner tank body and the support column from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress. A casing support plate is set inside the connection between the outer casing and the outer tank body to prevent the connection between the outer tank body and the outer casing from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0078] 5. The conical head on the conical sealing sleeve increases the flexibility of the connection between the outer sleeve and the support column, avoiding damage to the support connection caused by excessive temperature difference stress between the inner and outer tanks.

[0079] 6. The pillar anchoring structure is a combined structure, and the upper and lower anchor plates are connected, fixed and strengthened by the middle connector. The lower anchor plate is buried in the tank base through the anchor assembly, and the upper anchor plate is connected to the pillar bottom plate through fasteners.

[0080] 7. The upper anchor plate distribution is welded or bonded to the leakage protection layer to ensure sealing, and the lower anchor plate is welded to the bottom plate of the vertical storage tank to ensure connection strength and sealing.

[0081] 8. All gaps between the inner and outer cylinders are filled with anchored insulation materials, which effectively prevents the leaked medium from causing low-temperature damage to the tank base. The lower anchor plate is pre-buried in the tank base through bolts, and the upper anchor plate is connected to the support base through fasteners.

[0082] 9. The discharge port assembly adopts an inner and outer double-layer jacket structure, and expansion joints are set on the inner and outer jackets to avoid excessive temperature difference stress. The inner jacket is provided with an insulation material filling port to facilitate the filling of the insulation material of the entire spherical tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0084] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank;

[0086] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0087] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0088] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0089] Figure numerals: 1-tank base, 2-vertical tank bottom plate, 3-vertical tank body, 4-vertical tank top plate, 5-combined space insulation material, 6-external tank body, 7-spherical tank insulation material, 8-inner tank body, 9-spherical tank support assembly, 10-insulation protection layer, 11-leakage protection layer, 12-pillar anchoring structure, 13-discharge port assembly;

[0090] 9.1-pillar support plate, 9.2-casing support plate, 9.3-conical head, 9.4-auxiliary support member, 9.5-support column, 9.6-conical casing, 9.7-pillar bottom plate;

[0091] 12.1 - upper anchor plate, 12.2 - bolt fasteners, 12.3 - inner cylinder, 12.4 - outer cylinder, 12.5 - lower anchor plate, 12.6 - anchor assembly;

[0092] 13.1 - Outer jacket, 13.2 - Inner jacket, 13.3 - Discharge pipe, 13.4 - Insulation material filling port, 13.5 - Inner jacket expansion joint, 13.6 - Inner jacket expansion joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0094] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0095] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0096] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0097] Example 1

[0098] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-scale liquid hydrogen combination storage tank with a low evaporation rate, including a vertical storage tank and a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank arranged inside the vertical storage tank, the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank including a spherical tank insulation material 7 filled in a vacuum cavity formed by an inner and outer tank body 6; there is a combined space gap between the outer wall of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank, and the combined space gap is filled with a combined space insulation material 5.

[0099] Specifically, this solution adopts the form of combining a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and a vertical storage tank. The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is built into the vertical storage tank, and the outer tank of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is spaced a certain distance from the inner wall of the vertical storage tank to form a combined space. The cavity between the inner and outer tank bodies of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank is first evacuated and then filled with the spherical tank insulation material 7, and the combined space is also filled with the combined space insulation material 5. On the basis of the spherical tank insulation material 7, by adding the combined space insulation material 5, the double insulation can greatly reduce the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-scale liquid hydrogen combination storage tank with a low evaporation rate, including a vertical storage tank and a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank arranged inside the vertical storage tank, the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank including a spherical tank insulation material 7 filled in a vacuum cavity formed by an inner and outer tank body 6; there is a combined space gap between the outer wall of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank, and the combined space gap is filled with a combined space insulation material 5.

[0102] A tank base 1 is provided at the bottom of the vertical tank; the vertical tank includes a vertical tank bottom plate 2 fixed on the tank base 1, a vertical tank body 3 provided on the vertical tank bottom plate 2, and a vertical tank top plate 4 provided on the top of the vertical tank body 3; an insulating protective layer 10 is provided on the inner wall and inner bottom of the vertical tank body 3, and a leakage protective layer 11 in contact with the combined space insulating material 5 is adhered to the inner side of the insulating protective layer 10.

[0103] Specifically, when a leakage protection layer 11 is set between the outer tank body 6 of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the vertical storage tank, after the inner tank body of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank leaks, even if the outer tank body 6 of the spherical tank leaks again, the liquid hydrogen can still be isolated by the leakage protection layer 11 to ensure that the vertical storage tank and the entire storage tank base 1 are not damaged.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, specifically:

[0106] The materials of the spherical tank insulation material 7 and the combined space insulation material 5 are one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0107] Specifically, perlite or other heat insulating materials are filled between the inner tank body and the outer tank body 6, and vacuum is drawn. Perlite or other heat insulating materials are filled in the combined space gap between the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the vertical storage tank.

[0108] The leakage protection layer 11 is made of a low-temperature metal material, a low-temperature resistant insulating material or a high-density polyethylene sheet.

[0109] Specifically, low-temperature metal materials include austenitic stainless steel, nickel steel, low-alloy ferritic steel, aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy, titanium and titanium alloy, iron-based superalloy, duplex steel, etc. Low-temperature resistant insulation materials include liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyparaxylene, and epoxy-bonded glass fiber tapes. High-density polyethylene sheet: This material performs well in extreme low-temperature environments, with a minimum operating temperature of -70°C, and can even withstand harsh conditions of -100°C in some cases. It has good mechanical strength and chemical stability and is widely used in cold chain logistics, low-temperature storage, and medicine.

[0110] Example 4

[0111] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, specifically:

[0112] The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank also includes an outer tank body 6, an inner tank body sleeved inside the outer tank body 6, and a spherical tank support assembly fixed to the bottom of the vertical storage tank body 3 for supporting the outer tank body 6 and the inner tank body, and a vacuum chamber for filling the spherical tank insulation material 7 is formed between the outer tank body 6 and the inner tank body. The center of the outer tank body 6 coincides with the center of the inner tank body.

[0113] Example 5

[0114] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 4, specifically:

[0115] The spherical tank support assembly includes a plurality of support components of the same structure uniformly distributed at the bottom of the outer tank body 6 according to the circumference; each support component includes a support bottom plate 9.7, a support column 9.5 and an outer sleeve; the support bottom plate 9.7 is fixed to the inner bottom of the vertical storage tank body 3, the bottom of the support column 9.5 is fixed to the support bottom plate 9.7, the outer tank body 6 is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes with a diameter larger than the diameter of the support column 9.5, and the top of the support column 9.5 passes through the corresponding avoidance holes on the outer tank body 6 and is fixed to the outer wall of the inner tank body;

[0116] The outer sleeve is sleeved on the support column 9.5 below the outer tank body 6, and the top of the outer sleeve is sealed and welded to the corresponding avoidance hole of the outer tank body 6; the bottom of the outer sleeve is sealed and welded to the support column 9.5.

[0117] Specifically, the support column 9.5 is connected to the outer tank body 6 through an outer sleeve, thereby avoiding the large support stress generated by the direct connection between the outer tank body 6 and the support column 9.5.

[0118] There is a support gap between the outer sleeve and the support column 9.5, and the support gap is filled with support insulation material.

[0119] Specifically, the space between the outer sleeve and the support column 9.5 is filled with insulating material, so that the sleeve support plate 9.2 can prevent the connection between the outer tank body 6 and the outer sleeve from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0120] A support plate 9.1 is arranged in the vacuum chamber formed between the outer tank body 6 and the inner tank body, and the support plate 9.1 is connected between the outer wall of the inner tank body and the support column 9.5.

[0121] Specifically, a support plate 9.1 is arranged inside the connection between the support column 9.5 and the inner tank body, and the support plate 9.1 prevents the connection between the inner tank body and the support column 9.5 from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0122] It also includes a casing support plate 9.2, which is connected between the outer wall of the outer tank body 6 and the outer casing member.

[0123] Specifically, a casing support plate 9.2 is arranged inside the connection between the outer casing member and the outer tank body 6, and the casing support plate 9.2 prevents the connection between the outer tank body 6 and the outer casing member from being damaged due to excessive temperature difference stress.

[0124] The outer sleeve part comprises an upper conical sealing sleeve 9.6 and a lower conical sealing head 9.3, and the conical sealing sleeve 9.6 and the conical sealing head 9.3 are integrally formed.

[0125] The diameter of the conical sealing sleeve 9.6 is the same as the large diameter of the conical head 9.3. The top shape of the conical sealing sleeve 9.6 is adapted to the shape of the corresponding avoidance hole and is sealed and connected thereto by welding. The bottom of the conical sealing sleeve 9.6 is welded to the large diameter end of the conical head 9.3 as a whole. The small diameter end of the conical head 9.3 is provided with a through hole whose aperture is adapted to the outer diameter of the support column 9.5. The small diameter end of the conical head 9.3 is welded to the support column 9.5.

[0126] Specifically, the conical head 9.3 on the conical sealing sleeve 9.6 increases the flexibility of the connection between the outer sleeve and the support column 9.5, thereby avoiding damage to the support connection caused by excessive temperature difference stress between the inner and outer tank bodies 6.

[0127] The material of the supporting insulation material is one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0128] An auxiliary support member 9.4 is provided between two adjacent support columns 9.5, and both ends of the auxiliary support member 9.4 are respectively connected to the two adjacent support columns 9.5.

[0129] The auxiliary support member 9.4 is an X-shaped pull rod assembly.

[0130] Each support column 9.5 is provided with a mounting seat for mounting the pull rod assembly.

[0131] Example 6

[0132] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 4, specifically:

[0133] A support anchoring structure 12 is provided at the bottom of each supporting member for fixing each supporting member on the tank base 1 .

[0134] Each pillar anchoring structure 12 includes an upper anchoring plate 12.1, a middle connecting piece, a lower anchoring plate 12.5 and an anchor assembly 12.6 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; a first through hole corresponding to the upper anchoring plate 12.1 is provided on the leakage protection layer 11, and the edge of the first through hole of the leakage protection layer 11 overlaps the upper anchoring plate 12.1 and is sealed with the edge of the upper anchoring plate 12.1 by welding or bonding; the upper anchoring plate 12.1 is detachably connected to the pillar bottom plate 9.7; a second through hole for accommodating the middle connecting piece is provided in the insulation protection layer 10; a third through hole allowing the corresponding middle connecting piece to pass through is provided below the vertical tank bottom plate 2, and the lower anchoring plate 12.5 is provided at the corresponding third through hole below the vertical tank bottom plate 2 in a sealed manner; the anchor is embedded in the tank base 1.

[0135] Specifically, the pillar anchoring structure 12 is a combined structure, and the upper and lower anchoring plates 12.5 are connected, fixed and reinforced by a middle connector. The lower anchoring plate 12.5 is buried in the tank base 1 through an anchor assembly 12.6, and the upper anchoring plate 12.1 is connected to the pillar bottom plate 9.7 through a fastener.

[0136] The upper anchor plate 12.1 is welded or bonded to the leakage protection layer 11 to ensure sealing, and the lower anchor plate 12.5 is welded to the bottom plate 2 of the vertical storage tank to ensure connection strength and sealing.

[0137] The upper anchoring plate 12.1 is detachably connected to the support base plate 9.7 by at least two sets of bolt fasteners 12.2.

[0138] The middle connecting member comprises a vertically arranged inner cylinder 12.3 and an outer cylinder 12.4 sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder 12.3. The inner cylinder 12.3 and the outer cylinder 12.4 have the same axial length and are aligned up and down.

[0139] The upper end of the inner cylinder 12.3 and the upper end of the outer cylinder 12.4 are both sealed with the upper anchor plate 12.1 by welding; the lower end of the inner cylinder 12.3 and the lower end of the outer cylinder 12.4 are both sealed with the lower anchor plate 12.5 by welding.

[0140] The axis of the inner cylinder 12.3 coincides with the axis of the outer cylinder 12.4.

[0141] The interior of the inner cylinder 12.3 and the space between the inner cylinder 12.3 and the outer cylinder 12.4 are filled with anchoring insulation material.

[0142] Specifically, the anchoring structure is a combined structure, the upper and lower anchoring plates 12.5 are connected, fixed and reinforced by the inner and outer cylinders 12.4, and all gaps between the inner and outer cylinders 12.4 are filled with anchoring insulation materials, which effectively prevents the leaked medium from causing low-temperature damage to the tank base 1. The lower anchoring plate 12.5 is pre-buried in the tank base 1 by bolts, and the upper anchoring plate 12.1 is connected to the support base 9.7 by fasteners.

[0143] The anchoring insulation material is made of one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0144] Example 7

[0145] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 6, specifically:

[0146] The anchor plate is a square plate, and the anchor assembly 12.6 includes a plurality of anchors arranged in a rectangular array at the bottom of the anchor plate, and each anchor is embedded in the tank base 1.

[0147] Example 8

[0148] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 6, specifically:

[0149] The anchor plate is a circular plate, and the anchor assembly 12 . 6 includes a plurality of anchors arranged in a circular array at the bottom of the anchor plate, and each anchor is embedded in the tank base 1 .

[0150] Example 9

[0151] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 4, specifically:

[0152] It also includes a feed port assembly and a discharge port assembly 13 of the same structure, wherein the discharge port assembly 13 includes a discharge pipe 13.3, an inner jacket 13.2 and an outer jacket 13.1;

[0153] The top of the inner tank body and the outer tank body 6 are both provided with discharge ports for allowing the discharge pipe 13.3 to pass through, the lower end of the discharge pipe 13.3 extends to the inner bottom of the inner tank body through the discharge port, and the upper end of the discharge pipe 13.3 extends to the outside of the top plate 4 of the vertical storage tank;

[0154] The inner jacket 13.2 is sleeved on the discharge pipe 13.3 outside the outer tank body 6, and the inner jacket 13.2 partially extends out of the vertical storage tank top plate 4. The bottom of the inner jacket 13.2 is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the outer tank body 6, and the top of the inner jacket 13.2 is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe 13.3. An inner jacket 13.2 expansion joint is arranged on the inner jacket 13.2.

[0155] There is a gap between the bottom of the discharge pipe 13.3 and the inner bottom of the inner tank body, and there is a gap of 1-5 mm between the bottom of the discharge pipe 13.3 and the inner bottom of the inner tank body.

[0156] A plurality of inclined support rods are evenly distributed around the bottom of the discharge pipe 13.3, the lowest position of each inclined support rod is lower than the lowest position of the discharge pipe 13.3, and the bottom of each inclined support rod is welded to the inner wall of the inner tank body.

[0157] A heat-insulating gap is provided between the discharge pipe 13.3 and the inner jacket 13.2, and the heat-insulating gap is filled with an outlet heat-insulating material.

[0158] The material of the outlet insulation material is one or more of perlite, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt or vacuum board.

[0159] A sealing plate is provided at the top of the inner jacket 13.2 and is sealed and welded to the outer wall of the discharge pipe 13.3. A heat insulating material filling port 13.4 communicating with the heat preservation gap is provided on the sealing plate.

[0160] An inner jacket 13.2 expansion joint is arranged at the top of the side wall of the inner jacket 13.2.

[0161] The outer jacket 13.1 is sleeved on the inner jacket 13.2 located outside the vertical tank top plate 4, the bottom of the outer jacket 13.1 is welded to the vertical tank top plate 4, and the top of the outer jacket 13.1 is welded to the side wall of the inner jacket 13.2 below the expansion joint of the inner jacket 13.2 through a sealing plate.

[0162] An expansion joint of the outer jacket 13.1 is arranged on the top of the side wall of the outer jacket 13.1.

[0163] The outer tank body 6 is provided with an outer feed port with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the discharge pipe 13.3, and the inner tank body is provided with an inner feed port with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the discharge pipe 13.3. The bottom of the inner jacket 13.2 is sealed and welded at the outer feed port, and the outer wall of the discharge pipe 13.3 is sealed and welded to the inner feed port;

[0164] A top plate hole is provided on the top of the vertical storage tank top plate 4 and is sealed with the outer wall of the inner jacket 13.2 by welding.

[0165] Specifically, the discharge port assembly 13 adopts an inner and outer double-layer jacket structure, and expansion joints are respectively arranged on the inner and outer jackets to avoid excessive temperature difference stress. An insulation material filling port 13.4 is arranged on the inner jacket 13.2 to facilitate filling of the insulation material of the entire spherical tank.

Claims

1. A large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical storage tank and a double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank arranged inside the vertical storage tank. The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank comprises a spherical tank thermal insulation material (7) filled in a vacuum chamber formed by inner and outer tank bodies (6); a combined space gap exists between the outer wall of the double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank and the inner wall of the vertical storage tank, and the combined space gap is filled with a combined space thermal insulation material (5).

2. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage tank base (1) is provided at the bottom of the vertical storage tank; The vertical storage tank comprises a vertical storage tank bottom plate (2) fixed on the storage tank base (1), a vertical storage tank body (3) arranged on the vertical storage tank bottom plate (2), and a vertical storage tank top plate (4) arranged on the top of the vertical storage tank body (3); The inner wall and inner bottom of the vertical storage tank body (3) are provided with a heat insulating protective layer (10), and the inner side of the heat insulating protective layer (10) is adhered with a leakage protective layer (11) in contact with the combined space heat insulating material (5).

3. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-layer hydrogen storage spherical tank also includes an outer tank body (6), an inner tank body sleeved inside the outer tank body (6), and a spherical tank support assembly fixed to the bottom of the vertical storage tank body (3) for supporting the outer tank body (6) and the inner tank body, and a vacuum chamber for filling the spherical tank insulation material (7) is formed between the outer tank body (6) and the inner tank body.

4. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spherical tank support assembly comprises a plurality of support components with the same structure uniformly distributed on the bottom of the outer tank body (6) according to the circumference; Each of the supporting components comprises a support base plate (9.7), a support column (9.5) and an outer sleeve; the support base plate (9.7) is fixed to the inner bottom of the vertical storage tank body (3), the bottom of the support column (9.5) is fixed to the support base plate (9.7), the outer tank body (6) is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes with a diameter greater than the diameter of the support column (9.5), and the top of the support column (9.5) passes through the corresponding avoidance holes on the outer tank body (6) and is fixed to the outer wall of the inner tank body; The outer sleeve is sleeved on the support column (9.5) below the outer tank body (6); the top of the outer sleeve is seal-welded to the corresponding avoidance hole of the outer tank body (6); and the bottom of the outer sleeve is seal-welded to the support column (9.5).

5. A large liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a support gap between the outer sleeve and the support column (9.5), and the support gap is filled with supporting insulation material; a support plate (9.1) is arranged in the vacuum chamber formed between the outer tank body (6) and the inner tank body, and the support plate (9.1) is connected between the outer wall of the inner tank body and the support column (9.5); and a sleeve support plate (9.2) is also included, and the sleeve support plate (9.2) is connected between the outer wall of the outer tank body (6) and the outer sleeve.

6. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer sleeve member comprises an upper conical sealing sleeve (9.6) and a lower conical sealing head (9.3), wherein the conical sealing sleeve (9.6) and the conical sealing head (9.3) are integrally formed; the diameter of the conical sealing sleeve (9.6) is the same as the major diameter of the conical sealing head (9.3); the top shape of the conical sealing sleeve (9.6) is adapted to the shape of the corresponding avoidance hole and is sealed and connected thereto by welding; the bottom of the conical sealing sleeve (9.6) is welded to the major diameter end of the conical sealing head (9.3) as a whole; the minor diameter end of the conical sealing head (9.3) is provided with a through hole whose diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the support column (9.5); the minor diameter end of the conical sealing head (9.3) is welded to the support column (9.5); An auxiliary support member (9.4) is provided between two adjacent support columns (9.5), and two ends of the auxiliary support member (9.4) are respectively connected to the two adjacent support columns (9.5).

7. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pillar anchoring structure (12) is provided at the bottom of each supporting member for fixing each supporting member on the storage tank base (1); each pillar anchoring structure (12) comprises an upper anchoring plate (12.1), a middle connecting piece, a lower anchoring plate (12.5) and an anchor assembly (12.6) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; The leakage protection layer (11) is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the upper anchor plate (12.1); the edge of the first through hole of the leakage protection layer (11) is overlapped on the upper anchor plate (12.1) and is sealed with the edge of the upper anchor plate (12.1) by welding or bonding; The upper anchoring plate (12.1) is detachably connected to the support base plate (9.7); The heat-insulating protective layer (10) is provided with a second through hole for accommodating the middle connecting piece; A third through hole is provided below the bottom plate (2) of the vertical storage tank, allowing the corresponding middle connecting piece to pass through, and the lower anchor plate (12.5) is provided below the bottom plate (2) of the vertical storage tank in a sealing manner at a position corresponding to the third through hole; The anchor is embedded in the tank base (1).

8. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The middle connecting piece comprises an inner cylinder (12.3) arranged vertically and an outer cylinder (12.4) sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder (12.3); the inner cylinder (12.3) and the outer cylinder (12.4) have the same axial length and are aligned up and down; The upper end of the inner cylinder (12.3) and the upper end of the outer cylinder (12.4) are both sealed with the upper anchor plate (12.1) by welding; the lower end of the inner cylinder (12.3) and the lower end of the outer cylinder (12.4) are both sealed with the lower anchor plate (12.5) by welding; The interior of the inner cylinder (12.3) and between the inner cylinder (12.3) and the outer cylinder (12.4) are filled with anchoring insulation material.

9. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a feed port assembly and a discharge port assembly (13) of the same structure, wherein the discharge port assembly (13) comprises a discharge pipe (13.3), an inner jacket (13.2) and an outer jacket (13.1); The tops of the inner tank body and the outer tank body (6) are both provided with discharge ports that allow the discharge pipe (13.3) to pass through, the lower end of the discharge pipe (13.3) extends to the inner bottom of the inner tank body through the discharge port, and the upper end of the discharge pipe (13.3) extends to the outside of the top plate (4) of the vertical storage tank; The inner jacket (13.2) is sleeved on the discharge pipe (13.3) outside the outer tank body (6), and the inner jacket (13.2) partially extends out of the vertical storage tank top plate (4). The bottom of the inner jacket (13.2) is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the outer tank body (6), and the top of the inner jacket (13.2) is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe (13.3). The inner jacket (13.2) is provided with an inner jacket (13.2) expansion joint.

10. A large-scale liquid hydrogen combined storage tank with low evaporation rate according to claim 9, characterized in that: A heat preservation gap is provided between the discharge pipe (13.3) and the inner jacket (13.2), and the heat preservation gap is filled with an outlet heat insulation material; A sealing plate is provided at the top of the inner jacket (13.2) and is sealed and welded to the outer wall of the discharge pipe (13.3); a heat insulating material filling port (13.4) is provided on the sealing plate and is communicated with the heat insulation gap; the outer jacket (13.1) is sleeved on the inner jacket (13.2) located outside the top plate (4) of the vertical storage tank; the bottom of the outer jacket (13.1) is welded to the top plate (4) of the vertical storage tank; the top of the outer jacket (13.1) is welded to the side wall of the inner jacket (13.2) below the expansion joint of the inner jacket (13.2) through a sealing plate; and the top of the side wall of the outer jacket (13.1) is provided with an expansion joint of the outer jacket (13.1).

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