Ship vibration measurement method

Abstract

The invention belongs to a ship vibration measuring method in the technical field of ships. Selecting main engine vibration measuring points: selecting a base panel position (Z03) at a front cylinder of a larboard main engine, a base panel position (Z04) at the front cylinder of the larboard main engine and a base panel position (J10) of a larboard gearbox; propeller vibration measuring points are selected as follows: a first ship bottom plate position (J01) right above a port propeller, a second ship bottom plate position (J02) right above the port propeller, a third ship bottom plate position (J03) right above the port propeller, an intersection position (J04) of a port steering engine room ship bottom plate frame keel and a rib, and an intersection position (J05) of the port steering engine room ship bottom plate frame keel and a transverse bulkhead. The ship vibration measurement method provided by the invention is simple in steps, can effectively and accurately measure the vibration conditions of the main engine and the propeller of the ship, and provides reliable data for judging whether the ship vibration meets the requirements or not and improving the ship vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and more specifically, relates to a ship vibration measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Ship vibration measurement has always been a difficult problem in the industry. The industry is also unable to unify its measurement methods. It is either to measure the vibration stress of the tail bottom plate frame of the local response of the total vibration of the hull generated by the propeller, main engine, etc., or to measure the pulse pressure above the propeller. The defects of the existing technology: Ship vibration measurement is a complex project, and there is no accurate method.

[0003] There is a technology named "A Ship Vibration Measurement System" and the publication (announcement) number "CN117073821A" in the prior art, which discloses a ship vibration measurement system. The implementation of the ship vibration measurement system method involved includes: multiple wireless vibration sensors, installed in the ship's cabin to be tested as required; Wi-F and Bluetooth communication modules, used to transmit the data of the vibration sensors; Bluetooth data processing module on the mobile terminal; data processing module and data storage module on the server terminal. This wireless sensor used for ship vibration measurement includes a measuring terminal and a shell, and a circuit integrated controller and a power supply module are arranged in the shell. The present invention solves the problem of receiving multiple vibration data on the server side in real time and synchronously through wireless communication and processing and storing them, and can observe the vibration curve on the mobile terminal in real time through the Bluetooth module, so as to achieve the effect of fully automatic real-time observation of hull vibration, and has broad application prospects in the field of ship vibration measurement. This technology does not involve the technical problems and technical solutions of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a ship vibration measurement method is provided which has simple steps and can effectively and accurately measure the vibration of the ship's main engine and propeller, and provide data for judging whether the ship vibration meets the requirements and improving the ship vibration.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention is a ship vibration measurement method, and the measurement steps of the ship vibration measurement method are as follows:

[0007] S1. During the measurement, the ship is in full load displacement state, and the main engine vibration measurement point and propeller vibration measurement point are selected;

[0008] S2. Selection of main engine vibration measurement points: the base panel position at the port main engine front cylinder, the base panel position at the port main engine front cylinder, and the base panel position at the port gearbox; the vibration measurement direction at the base panel position at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, the vibration measurement direction at the base panel position at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction at the base panel position at the port gearbox is vertical;

[0009] Propeller vibration measurement points are selected: the first position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller, the second position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller, the third position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller J03, the intersection position of the keel and rib of the bottom plate frame of the port steering gear room, and the intersection position of the keel and transverse bulkhead of the bottom plate frame of the port steering gear room;

[0010] S3. Each vibration measurement point is provided with a vibration sensor, and each vibration sensor is connected to a control device;

[0011] S4. The control device forms a vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram of the vibration measurement point, and compares the formed vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram with the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram. If it meets the range of the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration meets the requirements; if it exceeds the range of the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration does not meet the requirements.

[0012] The vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position one directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position two directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, and the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position three directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal; the vibration measurement direction of the intersection of the bottom plate frame keel and the rib of the port steering gear room is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the intersection of the bottom plate frame keel and the transverse bulkhead of the port steering gear room is vertical.

[0013] The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position at the stern of the ship is horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position Z02 of the steering gear room bulkhead is vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the port bulkhead compartment sealing component position Z05 is longitudinal, and the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position Z06 at the bow of the ship is horizontal and vertical.

[0014] The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the equipment base position on the port side of the deck, the mast root position on the port side of the deck centerline, the equipment base position on the port side of the forecastle deck, the chimney root position on the deck centerline, the engine group base panel position, and the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin close to the deck.

[0015] The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the centerline position of the forecastle deck at the bow end of the ship, the centerline position of the front deck of the second deck, the centerline position of the front deck of the third deck, the first outer plate position, the longitudinal rib web position, the rib web position, and the outer plate position.

[0016] The vibration measurement directions of the equipment base on the port side of the deck are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the mast root on the port side of the deck centerline are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the equipment base on the port side of the forecastle deck of the ship are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the chimney root on the deck centerline are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the engine group base panel is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin close to the deck is horizontal.

[0017] The vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position of the forecastle deck at the bow end of the ship are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position of the front deck of the second deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, and the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position of the front deck of the third deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical.

[0018] The depth of the test waters for the ship vibration measurement is not less than 14m; during the test, the wave condition is no greater than level 2, and the wind force is no greater than level 3.

[0019] When the ship vibration measurement ship is in a fully loaded displacement state, the actual water load is within the error range of ±2% standard full load displacement, the ship's heel angle is not greater than 0.5°, bow trim is not allowed, and stern trim is not greater than 0.085m.

[0020] When measuring the ship vibration, the ship is sailing in a straight line, the steering angle is limited to ±2°, and the rotation speed of the left and right propeller shafts is consistent; when measuring the ship vibration, the ship's straight-line sailing condition is between 1000rpm-2100rpm.

[0021] The control equipment includes a signal analyzer, a dynamic strain gauge, a signal amplifier, a signal attenuator, and a signal recorder.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is adopted, and the working principle and beneficial effects are as follows:

[0023] The ship vibration measurement method of the present invention requires the ship to be in a full load displacement state at the beginning of the measurement test to ensure that the ship has a reliable load-bearing state, and then selects multiple vibration measurement points; multiple vibration measurement points are distributed in the main engine area and the propeller area, respectively, the main engine vibration measurement point and the propeller vibration measurement point; in this way, multiple measurement points can reliably reflect the ship vibration situation and ensure the accuracy of the test data; according to the data acquisition results of the vibration measurement, the vibration values ​​of the main harmonic components of the ship main engine, the ship propeller shaft frequency and other components can be obtained; according to the collected data, the vertical and horizontal amplitude-frequency curves of the stern end measurement point (including the shaft and blade multiple components) can be drawn; the amplitude-frequency curve diagram of a specific measurement point (such as the maximum displacement, speed or vibration response measurement point) can be drawn; the pulsating pressure amplitude above the propeller can be drawn; the vibration stress amplitude of the hull outer plate above the propeller can be drawn; if the beat vibration occurs, the maximum value and minimum value and frequency data can be drawn. The ship vibration measurement method of the present invention has simple steps, is easy to operate, can effectively and accurately measure and obtain the vibration of the ship main engine and propeller, and provides reliable data for judging whether the ship vibration meets the requirements and improving the ship vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The following is a brief description of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the host vibration measurement points of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of propeller vibration measurement points according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relationship between the various components involved, the function and working principle of each part, etc., through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] As attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 As shown, the present invention is a ship vibration measurement method, and the measurement steps of the ship vibration measurement method are:

[0029] S1. During the measurement, the ship is in a full-load displacement state, and the main engine vibration measurement points and propeller vibration measurement points are selected; at the beginning of the measurement test, the ship needs to be in a full-load displacement state to ensure that the ship has a reliable load-bearing state, and then multiple vibration measurement points are selected; S2. Main engine vibration measurement points are selected: base panel position Z03 at the port main engine front cylinder, base panel position Z04 at the port main engine front cylinder, and port gearbox base panel position J10; the vibration measurement direction of base panel position Z03 at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, the vibration measurement direction of base panel position Z04 at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of base panel position J10 at the port gearbox is vertical; propeller vibration measurement points are selected: bottom plate position J01 just above the port propeller, bottom plate position just above the port propeller 2. J02, the position of the bottom plate just above the port side propeller; 3. J03, the intersection position of the keel and rib of the bottom plate frame of the port side steering gear room J04, the intersection position of the keel and the transverse bulkhead of the bottom plate frame of the port side steering gear room J05; the above-mentioned multiple vibration measurement points are distributed in the main engine area and the propeller area, and are respectively the main engine vibration measurement point and the propeller vibration measurement point; in this way, multiple measurement points can reliably reflect the vibration conditions of the ship and ensure the accuracy of the test data; S3. A vibration sensor is respectively set at each vibration measurement point, and each vibration sensor is respectively connected to the control device; S4. The control device forms a vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram of the vibration measurement point, and compares the formed vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram with the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram. If it meets the range of the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration meets the requirements; if it exceeds the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration does not meet the requirements. According to the data acquisition results of vibration measurement, the vibration values ​​of the main harmonic components of the ship's main engine, ship's propeller shaft frequency and other components can be obtained; according to the collected data, the vertical and horizontal amplitude-frequency curves of the stern measuring point (including the shaft and blade multiple components) can be drawn; the amplitude-frequency curve diagram of a specific measuring point (such as the maximum displacement, speed or the measuring point with added vibration response) can be drawn; the pulsating pressure amplitude above the propeller can be drawn; the vibration stress amplitude of the hull outer plate above the propeller can be drawn; if beat vibration occurs, the maximum and minimum values ​​and frequency data can be drawn. The above steps propose improved technical solutions for the deficiencies in the prior art. The ship vibration measurement method described in the present invention has simple steps, can effectively and accurately measure the vibration of the ship's main engine and propeller, and provide reliable data for judging whether the ship vibration meets the requirements and improving the ship vibration.

[0030] The vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position J01 directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position J02 directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, and the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position J03 directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal; the vibration measurement direction of the intersection position J04 of the bottom plate frame keel and rib of the port steering gear room is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the intersection position J05 of the bottom plate frame keel and transverse bulkhead of the port steering gear room is vertical. The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline position Z01 at the stern of the ship is horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline position Z02 at the steering gear room bulkhead is vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the port bulkhead sealing component position Z05 at the transverse bulkhead is longitudinal, and the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline position Z06 at the bow of the ship is horizontal and vertical. The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the equipment base position on the port side of the deck, the mast root position on the port side of the deck centerline, the equipment base position on the port side of the forecastle deck, the chimney root position on the deck centerline, the engine group base panel position, and the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin close to the deck.

[0031] The propeller vibration measurement points also include: ship bow forecastle deck centerline position Z07, second deck front end deck centerline position Z08, third deck front end deck centerline position Z09, first outer plate position Y01, longitudinal quilting web position Y02, rib web position Y03, outer plate position Y04. The vibration measurement direction of the deck port side equipment base position is horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the deck port side mast root position is horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the ship forecastle deck port side equipment base position is longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the deck center line chimney root position is longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the engine unit base panel position is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin near the deck position is horizontal. The vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position Z07 of the forecastle deck at the bow end of the ship are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position Z08 of the front deck of the second deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, and the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position Z09 of the front deck of the third deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical.

[0032] The depth of the test waters for the ship vibration measurement is not less than 14m; the wave condition is not greater than level 2 and the wind force is not greater than level 3. The above steps are to control the test conditions. If the depth of the test waters is too shallow, the vibration of each position of the ship will be fully reflected when the ship is traveling, which will affect the measurement data.

[0033] When the ship is in the state of full load displacement, the actual water load is within the error range of ±2% standard full load displacement, the ship's heel angle is not greater than 0.5°, bow inclination is not allowed, and the stern inclination is not greater than 0.085m. When the ship vibration is measured, the ship is sailing in a straight line, the steering angle is limited to ±2°, and the left and right propeller shafts have the same speed; when the ship vibration is measured, the ship's straight-line sailing condition is between 1000rpm-2100rpm. The above steps are to control the test conditions. If the ship carries too little water, it will affect the ship's load and vibration data. The heeling and sideways of the ship will also affect and infect the vibration of different parts of the ship. Therefore, the above control improves the accuracy of the data. The control equipment includes a signal analyzer, a dynamic strain gauge, a signal amplifier, a signal attenuator, and a signal recorder. The above structure ensures that the control equipment can reliably obtain data and automatically record data, so as to achieve the acquisition and recording of a large number of data from different parts, and can draw different data graphs according to actual needs, so as to facilitate the judgment and use of technicians.

[0034] The present invention is described exemplarily above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship vibration measurement method, characterized in that: The measuring steps of the ship vibration measuring method are as follows: S1. During the measurement, the ship is in full load displacement state, and the main engine vibration measurement point and propeller vibration measurement point are selected; S2. Selection of main engine vibration measurement points: the base panel position (Z03) at the port main engine front cylinder, the base panel position (Z04) at the port main engine front cylinder, and the base panel position (J10) at the port gearbox; the vibration measurement direction of the base panel position (Z03) at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the base panel position (Z04) at the port main engine front cylinder is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the base panel position (J10) at the port gearbox is vertical; Propeller vibration measurement points are selected: the first position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller (J01), the second position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller (J02), the third position of the bottom plate just above the port propeller (J03), the intersection position of the keel and rib of the bottom plate frame of the port steering gear room (J04), and the intersection position of the keel and transverse bulkhead of the bottom plate frame of the port steering gear room (J05); S3. Each vibration measurement point is provided with a vibration sensor, and each vibration sensor is connected to a control device; S4. The control device forms a vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram of the vibration measurement point, and compares the formed vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram with the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram. If it meets the range of the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration meets the requirements; if it exceeds the range of the standard vibration amplitude-frequency curve diagram, it indicates that the ship vibration does not meet the requirements.

2. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position one (J01) directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position two (J02) directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal, and the vibration measurement direction of the bottom plate position three (J03) directly above the port propeller is longitudinal and horizontal; the vibration measurement direction of the intersection position (J04) of the bottom plate frame keel and ribs of the port steering gear cabin is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the intersection position (J05) of the bottom plate frame keel and the transverse bulkhead of the port steering gear cabin is vertical.

3. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position (Z01) at the stern of the ship is horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position (Z02) of the steering gear room bulkhead is vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the port bulkhead sealing component position (Z05) of the transverse bulkhead is longitudinal, and the vibration measurement direction of the first deck centerline plane position (Z06) at the bow of the ship is horizontal and vertical.

4. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the equipment base position on the port side of the deck, the mast root position on the port side of the deck centerline, the equipment base position on the port side of the forecastle deck, the chimney root position on the deck centerline, the engine group base panel position, and the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin close to the deck.

5. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The propeller vibration measurement points also include: the centerline plane position of the forecastle deck at the bow end of the ship (Z07), the centerline plane position of the front deck of the second deck (Z08), the centerline plane position of the front deck of the third deck (Z09), the first outer plate position (Y01), the longitudinal gusset web position (YO2), the rib web position (Y03), and the outer plate position (Y04).

6. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration measurement directions of the equipment base on the port side of the deck are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the mast root on the port side of the deck centerline are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the equipment base on the port side of the forecastle deck of the ship are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the chimney root on the deck centerline are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement direction of the engine group base panel is vertical, and the vibration measurement direction of the port side longitudinal wall of the large cabin close to the deck is horizontal.

7. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position (Z07) of the forecastle deck at the bow end of the ship are horizontal and vertical, the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position (Z08) of the front deck of the second deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, and the vibration measurement directions of the centerline plane position (Z09) of the front deck of the third deck are longitudinal, horizontal and vertical.

8. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The depth of the test waters for the ship vibration measurement is not less than 14m; during the test, the wave condition is no greater than level 2, and the wind force is no greater than level 3; when the ship is in a full load displacement state, the actual water carrying capacity is within the error range of ±2% of the standard full load displacement, the ship's heel angle is no greater than 0.5°, bow trim is not allowed, and stern trim is no greater than 0.085m.

9. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When measuring the ship vibration, the ship is sailing in a straight line, the steering angle is limited to ±2°, and the rotation speed of the left and right propeller shafts is consistent; when measuring the ship vibration, the ship's straight-line sailing condition is between 1000rpm-2100rpm.

10. The ship vibration measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control equipment includes a signal analyzer, a dynamic strain gauge, a signal amplifier, a signal attenuator, and a signal recorder.

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