Deep Space Controlled Permeability Structural Fluid Migration Simulation and Fine Monitoring Experimental Platform

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of deep earth science and engineering technology, and provides an experimental platform for simulating and finely monitoring the migration of controlled infiltration structure fluids in deep earth space, including a fixed base. A simulation box is installed at the top of the fixed base, and a constant pressure overflow valve is installed on the outer side wall of the simulation box. A connecting slide rod is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base, and two connecting chutes are opened on both side walls at the bottom of the simulation box; a simulation mechanism is arranged on the inner side wall of the simulation box, and the simulation mechanism includes detection electrode plates, and the detection electrode plates are installed on the inner side wall of the simulation box; By optimizing the model design, the mechanical device is used to simulate the stratum evolution law and fluid migration process of the controlled infiltration structure in deep earth space, realizing the leap from semi-quantitative to quantitative analysis. Combining high-precision geophysical exploration technologies such as high-density electrical method, the real-time monitoring and quantitative characterization of the fluid migration process are realized, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep earth science and engineering, and more specifically to an experimental platform for simulating the fluid migration in a controlled seepage structure in deep earth space and for fine monitoring. Background Art

[0002] In the exploration, development, and storage of deep earth energy substances, the fine detection of the controlled seepage structure and the mechanism of fluid migration within it is a crucial and extremely challenging scientific issue. As an important geological structure in the underground space, the law of fluid migration within the controlled seepage structure not only directly affects the storage and migration of energy substances, but also relates to the stability and safety of underground engineering. However, due to the complexity and non-direct observability of the deep earth space environment, it is difficult to directly measure and accurately describe the fluid migration process within the controlled seepage structure, which has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of deep earth energy substance storage technology.

[0003] Traditional research methods mainly rely on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. However, due to the diversity and complexity of geological conditions in the underground space, the accuracy and reliability of these methods are often limited. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to develop an experimental platform that can simulate the fluid migration process in a controlled seepage structure in deep earth space and achieve high-precision monitoring.

[0004] In recent years, with the development of similar physical simulation technology and the progress of geophysical exploration technology, using similar physical models to conduct simulation experiments on the law of stratum evolution and fluid migration process has become a new research method. This method constructs a physical model similar to the actual geological conditions, applies conditions such as surrounding rock pressure and fluid injection, and simulates the deformation and fluid migration process of the controlled seepage structure during the geological history process. At the same time, combined with geophysical exploration technologies such as high-density electrical method, it realizes the real-time monitoring and quantitative analysis of the fluid migration process, providing strong support for the research on the fluid migration mechanism of the controlled seepage structure in deep earth space.

[0005] However, there are still many deficiencies in the existing simulation experimental platforms in aspects such as model design, fluid injection and control system, and fluid migration monitoring system. For example, model design often has difficulty accurately restoring the characteristics of the controlled seepage structure under actual geological conditions; the fluid injection and control system lacks flexibility in controlling the water supply volume and water supply rate; the fluid migration monitoring system has limitations in monitoring accuracy and coverage. These problems limit the application effect of the simulation experimental platform in the research on the fluid migration mechanism of the controlled seepage structure in deep earth space.

[0006] Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed an experimental platform for simulating the fluid migration in a controlled seepage structure in deep earth space and for fine monitoring to solve the problems raised in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an experimental platform for simulating and finely monitoring the fluid migration in the deep-earth space controlled seepage structure. By optimizing the model design, improving the fluid injection and control system, and enhancing the accuracy and coverage of the fluid migration monitoring system, etc., high-precision simulation and real-time monitoring of the fluid migration process in the deep-earth space controlled seepage structure are realized.

[0008] The experimental platform for simulating and finely monitoring the fluid migration in the deep-earth space controlled seepage structure includes a fixed base. A simulation box is installed at the top of the fixed base. A constant pressure overflow valve is installed on the outer side wall of the simulation box. A connecting slide bar is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base. Two connecting chutes are opened on both side walls at the bottom of the simulation box;

[0009] A simulation mechanism is arranged on the inner side wall of the simulation box. The simulation mechanism includes detection electrode plates. The detection electrode plates are installed on the inner side wall of the simulation box. A controlled seepage structure template one is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the simulation box. Detection electrode plates are also installed on the outer side wall of the controlled seepage structure template one;

[0010] A pushing mechanism is arranged on both side walls of the fixed base;

[0011] A spraying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the inner side wall of the fixed base.

[0012] Preferably, a controlled seepage structure template two is installed on the inner side wall of the controlled seepage structure template one. A controlled seepage structure template three is arranged on the inner side wall of the controlled seepage structure template two. Detection electrode plates are arranged inside the controlled seepage structure template two, the controlled seepage structure template three and the controlled seepage structure template one.

[0013] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a servo motor. The servo motor is installed on one side wall at the top of the fixed base. Two groups of connecting lines are arranged at both ends of the servo motor. Two groups of telescopic cylinders are installed on both side walls at the top of the fixed base. The two groups of telescopic cylinders are installed together with the two groups of connecting lines.

[0014] Preferably, the output end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod. The telescopic rods are in two groups and are installed on both side walls of the simulation box. The telescopic cylinder plays a role in pushing the simulation box through the telescopic rod.

[0015] Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes a pressure pump. The pressure pump is installed at the top of the fixed base. A flow tube is installed on the outer side wall of the pressure pump. A fluid infiltration controller is installed in the middle of the flow tube. The end of the flow tube far away from the pressure pump is also installed on the outer side wall of the simulation box.

[0016] Preferably, a water diversion tank is provided on the inner side wall of the simulation box. The inlet of the water diversion tank is connected to the output end of the flow pipe. Multiple upper water tanks are also provided on the inner side wall of the simulation box, and the multiple upper water tanks are interconnected with the water diversion tank.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of sprinkler heads are further installed at the bottom end of the inner side wall of the simulation box. The sprinkler heads are arranged in a matrix at the bottom end of the inner side wall of the simulation box, and multiple groups of one-way valve flaps are installed on the inner side wall of the sprinkler heads.

[0018] Preferably, the tops of the multiple groups of one-way valve flaps are made of soft silicone, and the bottoms of the multiple groups of one-way valve flaps are made of hard plastic, enabling the one-way valve flaps to open unidirectionally.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. High-precision model design: Through the design of a multi-layer nested seepage control structure template (seepage control structure template one, seepage control structure template two, seepage control structure template three), the present invention can more accurately restore the seepage control structure characteristics under actual geological conditions. Combined with the filling of materials such as sand, gypsum, and lime with different ratios, and the addition of conductive particles, the accuracy and conductivity of the model are further improved, providing a solid foundation for subsequent fluid migration monitoring.

[0021] 2. Flexible fluid injection and control system: By integrating components such as a pressure pump, a flow pipe, and a fluid infiltration controller, the present invention realizes precise control of the water supply volume and water supply rate of the fluid. This system not only meets the different requirements of the experiment for fluid injection conditions, but also improves the repeatability of the experiment and the reliability of the data.

[0022] 3. Efficient fluid migration monitoring system: The built-in high-density electrical method monitoring system, combined with the detection electrode sheets installed in the multi-layer seepage control structure template, can real-time monitor the migration path and distribution of the fluid in the seepage control structure. This system has the advantages of high precision and high coverage range, significantly improving the accuracy and credibility of the monitoring data.

[0023] 4. Dynamic simulation and real-time monitoring capabilities: The driving mechanism realizes dynamic simulation of the geological conditions in the simulation box through a telescopic cylinder driven by a servo motor, and can simulate the formation evolution process under different geological stress conditions. At the same time, the monitoring system can continuously work to dynamically monitor the fluid migration process, capture transient changes and complex behaviors, providing valuable real-time data support for scientific research personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the simulation box;

[0026] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic top view structure diagram;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first central seepage control structure template;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic bottom cross-sectional structure diagram of the simulation box;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the simulation box;

[0030] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic structure diagram of the sprinkler head;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic connection diagram of the layout of the central seepage control structure template and the connection using wires in the model monitoring system of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Fixed base; 11. Constant pressure overflow valve; 2. Simulation box; 21. Connection chute; 22. Connection slide bar; 23. Detection electrode plate; 24. First central seepage control structure template; 25. Second central seepage control structure template; 26. Third central seepage control structure template; 3. Pressure pump; 31. Fluid infiltration controller; 32. Flow tube; 33. Sub-water tank; 34. Upper water tank; 35. Sprinkler head; 36. Check valve flap; 4. Servo motor; 41. Connection line; 42. Telescopic cylinder; 43. Telescopic rod. Specific implementation mode

[0033] The following further describes the implementation mode of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 8 shown:

[0035] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides an experimental platform for simulating fluid migration and fine monitoring of deep space seepage control structures, including a fixed base 1, on the top of which a simulation box 2 is installed, a constant pressure overflow valve 11 is installed on the outer side wall of the simulation box 2, a connection slide bar 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base 1, and two connection chutes 21 are opened on both side walls at the bottom of the simulation box 2;

[0036] The simulation mechanism is arranged on the inner side wall of the simulation box 2. The simulation mechanism includes a detection electrode plate 23, and the detection electrode plate 23 is installed on the inner side wall of the simulation box 2. A first controlled seepage structure template 24 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the simulation box 2, and a detection electrode plate 23 is also installed on the outer side wall of the first controlled seepage structure template 24;

[0037] The pushing mechanism is arranged on both side walls of the fixed base 1;

[0038] The spraying mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the inner side wall of the fixed base 1. A second controlled seepage structure template 25 is installed on the inner side wall of the first controlled seepage structure template 24, and a third controlled seepage structure template 26 is arranged on the inner side wall of the second controlled seepage structure template 25. Detection electrode plates 23 are arranged inside the second controlled seepage structure template 25, the third controlled seepage structure template 26 and the first controlled seepage structure template 24.

[0039] Specifically, the inside of the first controlled seepage structure template 24 is filled and cast with materials such as sand, gypsum, and lime with different ratios to form a control structure system with different permeability coefficients. The periphery of the template is filled with rubber and plastic waterproof materials (such as mastic), and conductive particles (such as graphite) are added during the production process to improve the conductivity of the material and facilitate subsequent resistivity tomography monitoring.

[0040] Layout and Principle of the First Impermeable Structure Template 24: First, implant the first impermeable structure template 24 into the similar materials of the experimental model box. The diameters and lengths of these first impermeable structure templates 24 are specific and are arranged at a certain spacing and layout. Usually, 64-channel or 96-channel first impermeable structure templates 24 are used to improve the monitoring accuracy and coverage. When the fluid is injected into the model box, the fluid will migrate along the impermeable structure. Due to the resistivity difference between the fluid and the surrounding medium, the fluid migration will cause changes in the resistivity inside the model box. Connect each of the first impermeable structure templates 24 through a high-density electrical method instrument to form an array of the first impermeable structure templates 24. The instrument will apply current or voltage to the array of the first impermeable structure templates 24 and measure the resulting electric field or potential difference. These measurement data reflect the resistivity distribution inside the model box. The collected resistivity data will be transmitted to a computer for processing and analysis. Through specific algorithms and software, the resistivity data can be converted into images or three-dimensional models to visually display the migration path and distribution of the fluid in the impermeable structure. Based on the processed data, researchers can monitor the fluid migration process in real time and evaluate the permeability of the impermeable structure and the fluid migration mechanism. These data can also be used to verify and improve the theoretical model of fluid migration in the impermeable structure, providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the storage of deep-earth energy substances. During the experiment, the monitoring system of the first impermeable structure template 24 can work continuously to dynamically monitor the fluid migration process. This helps to capture the transient changes and complex behaviors during the fluid migration process and improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring.

[0041] The pushing mechanism includes a servo motor 4. The servo motor 4 is installed on one side wall at the top of the fixed base 1. Two groups of connecting lines 41 are arranged at both ends of the servo motor 4. Two groups of telescopic cylinders 42 are installed on both side walls at the top of the fixed base 1. The two groups of telescopic cylinders 42 are installed together with the two groups of connecting lines 41. The output end of the telescopic cylinder 42 is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod 43. The telescopic rods 43 are in two groups and are installed on both side walls of the simulation box 2. The telescopic cylinder 42 plays a role in pushing the simulation box 2 through the telescopic rod 43.

[0042] Specifically, the model driving system consists of two telescopic cylinders 42 and telescopic rods 43 on the left and right sides. Each telescopic rod 43 can provide a maximum loading force of 10,000 N and has a fine adjustment ability with a minimum strain rate of 0.0001 mm / s. These telescopic rods 43 are installed on both sides of the experimental simulation box 2, and the precise application of the model boundary conditions is realized through a computer-controlled servo system.

[0043] The spraying mechanism includes a pressure pump 3, which is installed at the top of the fixed base 1. A flow tube 32 is installed on the outer wall of the pressure pump 3. A fluid infiltration controller 31 is installed in the middle of the flow tube 32. One end of the flow tube 32 away from the pressure pump 3 is also installed on the outer wall of the simulation box 2. A water distribution tank 33 is provided on the inner wall of the simulation box 2. The inlet of the water distribution tank 33 is connected to the output end of the flow tube 32. Multiple upper water tanks 34 are also provided on the inner wall of the simulation box 2. Multiple groups of the upper water tanks 34 communicate with the water distribution tank 33. A plurality of spray heads 35 are installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the simulation box 2. The spray heads 35 are arranged in a matrix at the bottom of the inner wall of the simulation box 2. A plurality of one-way valve flaps 36 are installed on the inner wall of the spray heads 35. The tops of multiple groups of the one-way valve flaps 36 are made of soft silicone, and the bottoms of multiple groups of the one-way valve flaps 36 are made of hard plastic, enabling the one-way valve flaps 36 to open unidirectionally.

[0044] Specifically, the fluid infiltration system realizes the injection of fluid through a specific design at the bottom of the simulation box 2. Multiple water distribution tanks 33 are reserved at the bottom of the simulation box 2 for installing water pipes and a water pump control system. These water pipes are connected to the water outlet heads and are distributed at different positions at the bottom of the simulation box 2 to achieve precise control of the fluid injection position. By adjusting the working state of the pressure pump 3, the water supply volume and water supply rate can be controlled to meet different requirements for fluid injection conditions in the experiment. After the structural surface prefabrication is completed, the mold can be removed, and then the entire model box can be filled with graphite-containing clay.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, when this device needs to be used, first set the seepage control structure template one 24 according to the experimental requirements. Simulations can be carried out by pouring three types of seepage control structure templates, namely, the seepage control structure template one 24, the seepage control structure template two 25, and the seepage control structure template three 26, according to different pouring requirements. Then, the pushing mechanism and the spraying mechanism can be started respectively. Let the pushing mechanism drive the telescopic cylinder 42 to work through the servo motor 4, and let the telescopic cylinder 42 drive the telescopic rod 43 to simulate the geology in the simulation box 2. The spraying mechanism is controlled by the pressure pump 3 and the fluid infiltration controller 31. Water is injected into the water distribution tank 33 through the flow tube 32 and sprayed upward through the upper water tank 34 and the spray heads 35. The height of the spray heads 35 is slightly higher than the bottom inside the simulation box 2 to avoid blockage. The setting of the one-way valve flaps 36 can further prevent blockage outside the spray heads 35.

[0046] All the standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market. The special-shaped parts can be customized according to the descriptions in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection manners of each part all adopt the conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding, etc. that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection manner in the prior art, which will not be elaborated herein. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms such as "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not have to be directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] In the accompanying drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved. For other structures, reference may be made to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Deep space controlled seepage structure fluid migration simulation and fine monitoring experimental platform, characterized by: It comprises a fixed base (1), a simulation box (2) is installed on the top of the fixed base (1), a constant pressure relief valve (11) is installed on the outer wall of the simulation box (2), a connecting slide rod (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base (1), and two connecting slide grooves (21) are provided on the two side walls of the bottom end of the simulation box (2); A simulation mechanism, wherein the simulation mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the simulation box (2), the simulation mechanism comprises a detection electrode sheet (23), the detection electrode sheet (23) is installed on the inner wall of the simulation box (2), the inner wall of the simulation box (2) is fixedly connected with a seepage control structure template (24), the outer wall of the seepage control structure template (24) is also installed with a detection electrode sheet (23), the inside of the seepage control structure template (24) is filled and poured with sand, gypsum and lime materials in different proportions to form a control structure system with different permeability coefficients; and also comprises a high-density electrical instrument to connect each of the seepage control structure templates (24) to form an array of seepage control structure templates (24); A pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism being arranged on two side walls of the fixed base (1), the pushing mechanism comprising a servo (4), the servo (4) being installed on one side wall at the top of the fixed base (1), and two groups of connecting lines (41) being arranged at both ends of the servo (4); Two groups of telescopic cylinders (42) are installed on both side walls of the top of the fixed base (1). The two groups of telescopic cylinders (42) are installed together with two groups of connecting lines (41). The output ends of the telescopic cylinders (42) are fixedly connected with telescopic rods (43). The telescopic rods (43) are in two groups and installed on both side walls of the simulation box (2). The telescopic cylinders (42) play a role of pushing the simulation box (2) through the telescopic rods (43). A spraying mechanism, the spraying mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the fixed base (1), the spraying mechanism comprises a pressure pump (3), the pressure pump (3) is installed at the top of the fixed base (1), a flow tube (32) is installed on the outer wall of the pressure pump (3), a fluid infiltration controller (31) is installed in the middle of the flow tube (32), and the end of the flow tube (32) away from the pressure pump (3) is also installed on the outer wall of the simulation box (2); The inner wall of the simulation box (2) is provided with a water distribution trough (33), the inlet of which is connected to the output end of the flow tube (32). The inner wall of the simulation box (2) is also provided with a plurality of groups of upper water troughs (34), which are interconnected with the water distribution troughs (33). The bottom end of the inner wall of the simulation box (2) is also provided with a plurality of spray heads (35).

2. The deep earth space controlled seepage structure fluid migration simulation and fine monitoring experimental platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the seepage control structure template 1 (24) is installed with a seepage control structure template 2 (25), and the inner side wall of the seepage control structure template 2 (25) is provided with a seepage control structure template 3 (26). The insides of the seepage control structure template 2 (25), the seepage control structure template 3 (26) and the seepage control structure template 1 (24) are all provided with detection electrode sheets (23).

3. The deep earth space controlled seepage structure fluid migration simulation and fine monitoring experimental platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spray heads (35) are arranged in a matrix and installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the simulation box (2), and the inner wall of the spray heads (35) is installed with multiple sets of one-way valve flaps (36).

4. The deep earth space controlled seepage structure fluid migration simulation and fine monitoring experimental platform as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The tops of the multiple groups of one-way valve flaps (36) are made of soft silicone, and the bottoms of the multiple groups of one-way valve flaps (36) are made of hard plastic, which allows the one-way valve flaps (36) to open in one direction.

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