Hydrophone array device for positioning underwater sound source

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source localization, which comprises an array disc and a plurality of hydrophones fixed on the array disc and located on the same plane, and the arrangement positions of the plurality of hydrophones on the array disc accord with a sparse circular array design rule of a Fibonacci grid. The coordinate position expression of the hydrophones on the array disc is as follows: the origin of # imgabs0 # coordinates is the center of the array disc, in the formula, n is the number of the hydrophones, n is gradually increased from 1 in the direction away from the origin of the coordinates by taking 1 as the amplitude, N is the number of all the hydrophones on the array disc, phi is the helical angle growth coefficient, and # imgabs1 # R is the maximum radius of the sparse circular array. The hydrophone array device for positioning the underwater sound source can overcome the technical problem that existing hydrophones are not uniformly distributed and cannot realize positioning of sound sources in other directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater positioning, and in particular to a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source positioning. Background Art

[0002] Researching and exploring the marine environment and vigorously developing marine technology, especially hydroacoustic technology, can promote the sustainable development of the marine economy. The hydrophone array arranges multiple hydrophones in a specific way to achieve collaborative work. By measuring the time difference or signal strength difference of the sound wave signal reaching different hydrophones, the direction or position of the sound source can be determined; by further processing and analyzing the signals received by multiple hydrophones, the sound source can be located and tracked. The hydrophone array can significantly improve the resolution of the detection system and has been widely used in military fields such as marine environmental monitoring, oil and gas exploration, and sonar detection of aircraft carriers and warships. The existing hydrophone array is mostly linear and suitable for one-dimensional positioning scenarios. The single linear array focuses on achieving the best detection performance in a specific direction. The distribution of its hydrophones is uneven and cannot achieve the positioning of sound sources in other directions. In addition, the stability of the fixed structure of the hydrophone array has a very large impact on the accuracy of sound source positioning. In reality, the installation environment of the hydrophone is often subject to physical space restrictions, loading and unloading operations are difficult, and poor installation stability affects positioning accuracy. In addition, as the number of hydrophones increases, the structural form of the hydrophone array becomes increasingly important to the use effect of the hydrophone array device. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source positioning, which can overcome the technical problem that the existing hydrophones are unevenly distributed and cannot realize the positioning of sound sources in other directions.

[0004] The hydrophone array device for underwater sound source positioning of the present invention comprises an array plate and a plurality of hydrophones fixed to the array plate and located in the same plane. The arrangement positions of the plurality of hydrophones on the array plate conform to the sparse circular array design rule of the Fibonacci grid. The coordinate position expression of the hydrophone on the array plate is:

[0005]

[0006] The origin of the coordinate is the center of the array disk, where n is the number of the hydrophone, n starts from 1 and increases by 1 in the direction away from the origin of the coordinate, N is the number of all hydrophones on the array disk, φ is the helical angle growth coefficient, and R is the maximum radius of the sparse circular array.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the hydrophones is 91.

[0008] Preferably, the array disk is in the shape of a planar disk.

[0009] Preferably, the array plate has a plurality of mounting holes running through the upper and lower sides thereof, each mounting hole being used to mount a hydrophone, the aperture of the mounting holes decreasing from top to bottom, each hydrophone comprising a mounting handle and a probe fixed to the upper end of the mounting handle, the hydrophone ballast further comprising a plurality of mounting fixtures, the number of the mounting fixtures being the same as the number of the hydrophones, and being used to fix the plurality of hydrophones to the array plate in a one-to-one correspondence, each mounting fixture comprising two half-shaft sleeves which can be assembled into a sleeve and a nut, the two half-shaft sleeves can be engaged so that the inner wall of the half-shaft sleeves is tightly engaged with the outer wall of the mounting handle of the hydrophone, the probe of the hydrophone extends from the upper end of the half-shaft sleeve of the mounting fixture, the outer diameter of the half-shaft sleeve decreases from top to bottom, the sleeve can be inserted into the mounting hole of the array plate from top to bottom, and its outer wall is tightly engaged with the inner wall of the mounting hole, the lower end of the sleeve extends out of the mounting hole, and the lower end of the sleeve has an external thread which can cooperate with the thread of the nut.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the semi-axle sleeve is provided with a shoulder shaft protruding outward, and the probe of the hydrophone extends from the shoulder shaft to above the shoulder shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the outer diameter of the probe of the hydrophone is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting handle, and the lower end of the probe is retracted inward to form a rounded chamfer.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the nut is provided with a pair of rotation protrusions, and the pair of rotation protrusions are symmetrical about the axis of the nut.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The arrangement of the hydrophones for underwater sound source positioning of the present invention follows the sparse circular array of the Fibonacci grid. Compared with the "cross" or "one" arrangement in the prior art, the array of the present invention can make the hydrophones more evenly arranged on the array disk, and realize multi-directional and accurate detection of underwater sound sources, and can improve the accuracy of underwater sound source positioning.

[0015] 2. The hydrophone array can be installed by matching the hydrophone with two half-axle sleeves and passing the half-axle sleeves through the mounting holes and then matching them with nuts. The hydrophone can be removed from the array plate by removing the nuts. The operation is simple and the efficiency of loading and unloading the hydrophone can be improved. At the same time, when the installation is completed, the outer wall of the half-axle sleeve and the inner wall of the mounting hole are tightly held, which can maximize the verticality and stability of the half-axle sleeve relative to the array plate, thereby ensuring the verticality and stability of the hydrophone relative to the array plate, improving the installation accuracy, and thus improving the positioning accuracy of the entire hydrophone array device. When replacing the hydrophone, if the outer diameter of the mounting handle of the new hydrophone becomes larger, the original half-axle sleeve can still hold the new mounting handle, and the half-axle sleeve can still be installed with the original mounting hole through threads with high verticality and high stability. Therefore, this installation method can be applied to hydrophones of various specifications and models. If the hydrophone needs to be replaced, it is not necessary to replace the array plate and the mounting fixture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of mounting holes on an array plate of a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source localization according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the distribution of hydrophones on an array disk of a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source localization according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single hydrophone of a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source localization according to an embodiment of the present invention being fixed to an array plate by a mounting fixture.

[0019] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a single hydrophone and a mounting fixture of a hydrophone array device for underwater sound source localization according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals

[0021] A1 array plate, A11 mounting hole;

[0022] A2 hydrophone, A21 mounting handle, A22 probe;

[0023] A3 mounting fixture, A31 half shaft sleeve, A311 shoulder shaft, A32 nut, A321 rotating boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a hydrophone A2 array device for underwater sound source positioning, comprising: an array plate A1 and a plurality of hydrophones A2, all of which are located in the same plane, which means that the center points of all of the hydrophones A2 are located in the same plane. Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the array disk A1 is in the shape of a flat disk, and the coordinate unit is millimeter. The array disk A1 is provided with 91 mounting holes A11, each of which passes through the upper and lower surfaces of the array disk, and each of which is used to mount a hydrophone A2. Of course, in other embodiments, the hydrophone A2 can also be fixed to the array disk by other structures. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the 91 hydrophones A2 on the array disk A1, that is, the arrangement of the 91 mounting holes A11 on the array disk A1 conforms to the sparse circular array design rule of the Fibonacci grid, and the coordinate position expression of the 91 mounting holes A11 on the array disk A1 is, Where n is the number of the mounting hole A11, which is also the number of the hydrophone A2. n starts from 1 and increases by 1 in the direction away from the origin of the coordinate system. N is the number of mounting holes A11 (N = 91), which is also the number of hydrophones A2. φ is the helical angle growth coefficient. R is the maximum radius of the sparse circular array, which refers to the straight-line distance from the coordinate origin to the hydrophone farthest from the edge of the sparse circular array. The array disk radius is usually slightly larger than the maximum radius of the hydrophone sparse circular array.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the arrangement of the hydrophones A2 for underwater sound source positioning of the present invention follows the sparse circular array of the Fibonacci grid. Compared with the "cross" or "one" arrangement in the prior art, the array of the present invention can make the hydrophones A2 more evenly arranged on the array plate A1, and realize multi-directional and accurate detection of underwater sound sources, and improve the accuracy of underwater sound source positioning.

[0026] When detecting underwater sound sources, the array plate A1 is placed horizontally in the water, and the aperture of the mounting hole A11 decreases from top to bottom. Figure 4 As shown, each of the hydrophones A2 includes a mounting handle A21 and a probe A22 fixed to the upper end of the mounting handle A21. The probe A22 can receive the sound source signal and convert the sound source signal into an electrical signal. The number of the mounting fixtures A3 is the same as the number of the hydrophones A2, and is used to mount multiple hydrophones A2 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the mounting fixtures A3 includes two half-axle sleeves A31 that can be assembled into a sleeve and a nut. The half-axle sleeve A31 is formed by separating the sleeve into two parts along the plane where the axis is located. Figure 3As shown, during installation, the two half-shaft sleeves A31 are sleeved on the outside of the mounting handle A21 of the hydrophone A2, and the hydrophone A2 is held tightly by aligning and embracing the two half-shaft sleeves A31. "Alignment" means aligning the upper ends and lower ends of the two half-shaft sleeves A31. When embracing, the inner wall of the half-shaft sleeve A31 is held tightly against the outer wall of the mounting handle A21. The probe A22 of the hydrophone A2 extends from the upper end of the half-shaft sleeve A31 of the mounting fixture A3. The outer diameter of the half-shaft sleeve A31 is reduced from top to bottom. The sleeve formed by the two half-shaft sleeves A31 can be inserted into the mounting hole A11 of the array plate A1 from top to bottom, and its outer wall is held tightly against the inner wall of the mounting hole A11. The lower end of the sleeve extends out of the mounting hole A11, and the lower end of the sleeve has an external thread that can cooperate with the thread of the nut.

[0027] The hydrophone A2 array can be installed by matching the hydrophone A2 with the two half-shaft sleeves A31 and passing the half-shaft sleeves A31 through the mounting holes A11 and then matching them with nuts. The hydrophone A2 can be removed from the array plate A1 by removing the nuts. The operation is simple and the efficiency of loading and unloading the hydrophone A2 can be improved. At the same time, in the state of installation, the outer wall of the half-shaft sleeve A31 is tightly held with the inner wall of the mounting hole A11, which can maximize the verticality and stability of the half-shaft sleeve A31 relative to the array plate A1, thereby ensuring the verticality and stability of the hydrophone A2 relative to the array plate A1, improving the installation accuracy, and thus improving the positioning accuracy of the entire hydrophone A2 array device. When replacing the hydrophone, if the outer diameter of the mounting handle A21 of the new hydrophone A2 becomes larger, the original half-axis sleeve A31 can still hold the new mounting handle A21, and the half-axis sleeve A31 can still be installed with the original mounting hole A11 through threads to achieve high verticality and high stability. Therefore, this installation method can be applied to hydrophones A2 of various specifications and models. If the hydrophone A2 needs to be replaced, it is not necessary to replace the array plate A1 and the mounting fixture A3.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the half-axle sleeve A31 is provided with a shoulder shaft A311 protruding outward, and the probe A22 of the hydrophone A2 extends from the shoulder shaft A311 above the shoulder shaft A311. The outer diameter of the probe A22 of the hydrophone A2 is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting handle A21, and the lower end of the probe A22 is retracted inward to form a rounded chamfer. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, during installation, the lower end surface of the probe A22 can be abutted against the upper end surface of the shoulder shaft A311 of the two half-axle sleeves A31, so that the two half-axle sleeves A31 can be quickly aligned.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, the outer wall of the nut is provided with a pair of rotating protrusions A321, and the pair of rotating protrusions A321 are symmetrical about the axis of the nut. By rotating the protrusions A321, the nut A32 can be easily hand-operated, and the hydrophone A2 can be installed and removed without the aid of tools.

[0030] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrophone array device for underwater sound source positioning, comprising an array plate and a plurality of hydrophones fixed to the array plate and located in the same plane, characterized in that: The arrangement positions of the plurality of hydrophones on the array disk conform to the sparse circular array design rule of the Fibonacci grid, and the coordinate position expression of the hydrophone on the array disk is: The origin of the coordinate is the center of the array disk, where n is the number of the hydrophone, n starts from 1 and increases by 1 in the direction away from the origin of the coordinate, N is the number of all hydrophones on the array disk, φ is the helical angle growth coefficient, and R is the maximum radius of the sparse circular array.

2. The hydrophone array device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of hydrophones is 91.

3. The hydrophone array device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array disk is in the shape of a planar disk.

4. The hydrophone array device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The array plate has a plurality of mounting holes running through the upper and lower parts thereof, each mounting hole is used to mount a hydrophone, the aperture of the mounting hole decreases from top to bottom, each hydrophone includes a mounting handle and a probe fixed to the upper end of the mounting handle, the hydrophone ballast also includes a plurality of mounting fixtures, the number of the mounting fixtures is the same as the number of the hydrophones, and the plurality of hydrophones are fixedly mounted to the array plate in a one-to-one correspondence, each mounting fixture includes two half-shaft sleeves that can be assembled into a sleeve and a nut, the two half-shaft sleeves can be engaged so that the inner wall of the half-shaft sleeves is tightly engaged with the outer wall of the mounting handle of the hydrophone, the probe of the hydrophone extends out from the upper end of the half-shaft sleeve of the mounting fixture, the outer diameter of the half-shaft sleeve decreases from top to bottom, the sleeve can be inserted into the mounting hole of the array plate from top to bottom, and its outer wall is tightly engaged with the inner wall of the mounting hole, the lower end of the sleeve extends out of the mounting hole, and the lower end of the sleeve has an external thread that can cooperate with the thread of the nut.

5. The hydrophone array device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the semi-axle sleeve is provided with a shoulder shaft protruding outwards, and the probe of the hydrophone extends from the shoulder shaft to above the shoulder shaft.

6. The hydrophone array device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the probe of the hydrophone is greater than the outer diameter of the mounting handle, and the lower end of the probe is retracted inward to form a round chamfer.

7. The hydrophone array device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the nut is provided with a pair of rotation protrusions, and the pair of rotation protrusions are symmetrical about the axis of the nut.

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