Solar condensation cover plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar condensation cover plate which is a plate made of transparent plastic and provided with a plurality of concave-convex units arranged in parallel, the upper surface of the cross section of each concave-convex unit is a central convex cambered surface, the lower surface of the cross section of each concave-convex unit is a central concave cambered surface, and the radian of the central convex cambered surface is smaller than that of the central concave cambered surface. Each unit becomes a long-strip-shaped convex lens with a light condensation effect; and each long-strip-shaped convex lens refracts a focus line formed by sunlight above the long-strip-shaped convex lens, and the focus line is located on the lower side of the surface of the solar panel by a certain distance, so that a formed concentrating light band basically covers the surface of a photovoltaic sheet and does not cover the surface of a soldering lug basically. According to the invention, solar rays can be refracted on the photovoltaic sheets, so that solar energy is fully absorbed; the temperature rise and the resistance rise of the soldering lug are avoided; the cover plate is light in weight, small in thickness and convenient and fast to install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an auxiliary facility of a solar panel, in particular to a cover plate of a solar panel. Background Art

[0002] Solar panels have the following structural components: 1. Tempered glass, which is used to protect the power generation body; 2. EVA glue, which is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the power generation body, and to bond and encapsulate the power generation body and the backplane solar panel; 3. Cell photovoltaic cells, which are used to generate light and electricity, mainly crystalline silicon solar cells and thin-film solar cells. There are welding strips (welding sheets; aluminum sheets or copper sheets) between the cell photovoltaic cells, which serve as electrodes to conduct the electricity; 4. Backboard, which is sealed, insulated and waterproof, and is made of TPT, TPE and other materials to resist aging; 5. Aluminum alloy protective laminate, which plays a certain sealing and supporting role; there is also a junction box that connects the circuit with the welding strip.

[0003] Solar concentration refers to the technology of concentrating sunlight from a certain area into a smaller area through a concentrating system, and using solar panels to receive and utilize the energy.

[0004] The invention of ZL87106958 provides a solar collector, including: a primary concentrator, one or more solar cells and an improved solar cell cover device. Each solar cell has a tough cell cover, which significantly reduces the light loss caused by the shading of the bars on the effective area and the reflection of the cover itself. The cover is made of a transparent and tough material, such as silicone polymer, and is placed on the light-receiving surface of the cell. Since a prism is formed on the outer surface of the cover, the incident sunlight is refracted by the prism to the effective area of ​​the cell instead of falling on the ineffective bars or conductive elements. The thickness of the prism is large, the light travels a long distance in the medium, and the light at the joint is weak; it is also heavy and the material cost is high; the installation method is not introduced.

[0005] The utility model of ZL2017202193915 relates to a solar concentrator, including a cover made of infrared reflective material, a first bracket and a second bracket, a solar collector is arranged on the first bracket, the solar collector includes a shell made of heat-resistant metal material, a cavity is provided inside the shell, an opening for circulating liquid medium to enter and exit the shell is provided on the shell, the opening is connected to the cavity, and a condenser is also provided above the concentrator, the condenser is formed by a plurality of convex lens arrays. The light focusing of this product is point-shaped and non-continuous, and the light receiving area is small. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: To overcome the problems that traditional solar covers cannot concentrate light, welding strips are easily exposed to light, and the installation cost is high; to provide a solar concentrating cover with a short optical path and light weight, photovoltaic panels that receive light but welding strips that do not receive light, and easy connection.

[0007] Technical solution: The effective lighting and electric heat conversion surface of a general solar panel is composed of small blocks or strips of photovoltaic cells and strips of welding sheets. A large area of ​​solar energy collection equipment can be formed by alternating photovoltaic cells and welding strips arranged in a matrix.

[0008] The solar concentrating cover plate of the present invention is a plate made of transparent material (glass; PP, PMMA, PET, PC or PS plastic) and has multiple parallel arranged concave-convex units, which is used to cover the solar panel, and the concave-convex units are parallel to the direction of the welding pieces of the covered solar panel.

[0009] One side of each concave-convex unit has a central convex arc surface (the upper surface convexes upward, so that the sunlight from almost all directions can be received), and the other side has a central concave arc surface (the lower surface is concave upward, so that the average thickness of the cover is smaller, the weight is lighter, and the material manufacturing cost is lower); moreover, the curvature of the central convex arc surface is smaller than the curvature of the central concave arc surface, so that each unit becomes a long strip of convex lens (its cross-section is a long strip of convex lens formed by convex arcs and concave arcs, rather than the traditional double-sided convex arc structure, nor is it a structure with a convex arc on one side and a flat surface on the other side; it does not convex downward or is a flat surface, so as to leave a reasonable gap with the solar panel without contact).

[0010] Moreover, each strip convex lens gathers the focus formed by the refraction of vertically incident sunlight (the focus of oblique incidence is slightly offset, which will not be analyzed in detail here because the intensity of vertically incident light is the greatest and the impact is the greatest), and is located a certain distance below the surface of the solar panel, so that the light band formed by the vertically incident sunlight basically covers the entire surface of the photovoltaic cell (the focusing degree is lower than that of a convex lens with a double-sided convex arc or a convex arc on one side and a flat side, and the area of ​​the light spot is larger). The vertically incident sunlight will not be focused on the welding strips between the solar photovoltaic cells, reducing the waste of sunlight and improving the power generation efficiency by 5-10%.

[0011] The light is not focused on one point or one line of the photovoltaic panel, so there will be no situation where a local point or line overheats and burns; no focused high-temperature point is formed in any area around the solar photovoltaic panel, and high temperature will not cause accidental combustion. This application is safe and has no hidden dangers.

[0012] Moreover, because the welding strip cannot generate electricity by sunlight, the welding strip is made of aluminum or copper sheets. When the traditional solar photovoltaic sheet is directly exposed to sunlight, the welding strip will also heat up due to the light, causing the resistivity to increase by 5-10%, increasing power consumption and reducing the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet. Therefore, the welding strip of the traditional solar panel exposed to light is not only unhelpful but also harmful.

[0013] Preferably, the two or four side edges of the present invention have folded edges (side folded edges or end folded edges) bent downward by 90°, so as to facilitate covering and connecting with the aluminum alloy frame of the solar panel below or the heat collecting tube support of the solar water heater (the connection point can be equipped with a sealing strip or connecting screws to protect the solar panel or the heat collecting tube.

[0014] Alternatively, the two sides of the cover plate of the present invention respectively have concave and convex interfaces (or male and female buckles, composed of stepped female and male openings), which can overlap and connect adjacent cover plates (can be connected with the assistance of screws) to form a cover plate array with a larger area.

[0015] The present application can also be used as a cover plate for a solar water heater. Each concave-convex unit corresponds to a solar collector tube. The length directions of the two are arranged in the same direction, and the concave and convex shapes match each other. The focusing point can be set to the axis centerline of the collector tube by calculating the sizes of the convex arc surface and the concave arc surface.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention can refract sunlight to most of the area of ​​each solar photovoltaic sheet without over-focusing, thereby improving the lighting efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet by 5-10%, allowing the solar energy to be fully absorbed; in particular, the area of ​​the welding strip will not be irradiated, excessive heat will not be generated, and the resistivity will not increase, thereby improving current conduction and electric power by about 5-10%; the combination of the two effects increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the present invention by 10-20%, while traditional solar panel photothermal or photoelectric conversion efficiency improvement technologies are difficult to achieve such a significant improvement effect.

[0017] The cover can prevent the solar panels from being damaged by external forces (such as hail, dust, and human damage), thus extending the service life of the solar panels.

[0018] The invention has a light weight, a small cover plate thickness, and a low manufacturing cost; it is easy and quick to install; when the surrounding frames are sealed, dust and water vapor are not easily accumulated in the space between the cover plate and the solar panel, and the transmission of light is not affected.

[0019] When the present invention is used as a cover plate of a solar water heater, it not only has the function of focusing sunlight on the heat collecting tube, but also can better protect the fragile heat collecting tube and prevent broken glass from falling onto the roof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path imaging of several types of convex lenses; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the present invention; Figure 4 It is an installation schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is another schematic diagram of the installation and connection structure of the present invention; In the figure: 1- strip convex lens; 2- incident light; 3- focus (line); 4- refracted light; 5- central convex arc surface; 6- central concave arc; 9- screw hole; 10- side folded edge; 12- solar panel; 13- photovoltaic sheet; 16- female mouth; 17- male mouth; 20- welding strip; 21- plane convex lens; 22- double-sided convex lens; 23- ordinary convex lens.

[0021] Figure 1 Among them, the first focus is on the photovoltaic cell, the second to fourth focuses are below the photovoltaic cell, and the spot area of ​​the first to fourth ones gradually increases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiment 1: like Figure 2 The solar concentrating cover shown in the figure is a plate made of transparent plastic with a plurality of parallel arranged concave-convex units. One side of each concave-convex unit has a central convex arc surface 5 and the other side has a central concave arc surface 6. The curvature of the central convex arc surface 5 is smaller than that of the central concave arc surface 6, so that each unit becomes a strip convex lens 1, which has a similar Figure 3 The focusing effect shown. Moreover, each strip convex lens 1 refracts the vertically incident sunlight (or even the moonlight at night) to form a focus 3, which is located at a certain distance below the surface of the solar panel 12, so that the formed light band basically covers the entire surface of each solar photovoltaic sheet 13, compared with Figure 1 The first three types have a larger spot area and can basically evenly illuminate most or all of the photovoltaic panels; but the light will not be scattered to the welding belt 20, and the welding belt 20 will not be heated by the light.

[0023] Embodiment 2: like Figure 4 As shown, the solar concentrating cover in the first embodiment may have edges on both sides with folded edges 10 that are bent downward by 90 degrees, so as to facilitate connection with the aluminum alloy frame of the solar panel 12 below, thereby forming a sealing structure to prevent dust and water vapor from entering the gap between the cover and the solar panel 12, and to prevent dust from blocking the photovoltaic panels, thereby making the light absorption efficiency higher.

[0024] Embodiment three: like Figure 5The two sides of the solar concentrating cover shown in the figure have male and female openings respectively. The above two or more solar concentrating cover plates can be connected by forming male and female buckles through the female openings 16 and male openings 17 on their respective sides to form a large-area solar cover plate.

Claims

1. A solar concentrating cover plate, which is a plate made of transparent plastic and has a plurality of parallel concave and convex units, and is used to cover a solar panel (12); the solar panel (12) is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic sheets (13) and welding sheets alternately arranged; the characteristics are: The concave-convex units are parallel to the direction of the welding sheet; the upper surface of the cross section of each concave-convex unit is a central convex arc surface (5), and the lower surface is a central concave arc surface (6), and the curvature of the central convex arc surface (5) is smaller than the curvature of the central concave arc surface (6), so that each unit becomes a long strip convex lens (1) with a focusing effect; and the focal line (3) formed by refracting vertically incident sunlight by each long strip convex lens (1) is located at a certain distance below the surface of the solar panel (12), so that the light band formed on the solar panel (12) basically covers the surface of the photovoltaic sheet (13) below it, and basically does not cover the surface of the welding band (20).

2. The solar concentrating cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side edges or four side edges of the solar energy concentrating cover plate have folded edges (10) that are bent downwards by 90 degrees, so as to facilitate connection with the frame of the solar energy panel (12) below.

3. The solar concentrating cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of both sides of the solar energy concentrating cover plate are respectively provided with a female (16) and a male (17) opening, so that adjacent cover plates can be connected to each other by means of male and female buckles.

4. The solar concentrating cover plate according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The focusing cover is made of transparent plastic PP, PMMA, PET, PC or PS.

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