Construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data acquisition, and discloses a construction machinery data acquisition system based on a Beidou short message technology, which comprises a data acquisition terminal, a data transmission terminal and a data storage terminal, according to the invention, related characteristic data of the construction machinery are comprehensively collected through various sensors, and the data accuracy is improved by means of mean filtering preprocessing; data are coded according to a Beidou short message protocol and then transmitted, decoded and stored, the standard is unified, subsequent query and analysis are facilitated, meanwhile, signal feedback, data volume, response time and the like can be monitored, and by analyzing signal strength and a transmission congestion state, codes are adjusted according to data importance levels when signals are strong and congestion is not caused, and transmission resources are reasonably utilized; according to the construction machinery intelligent management system, a complete process from data acquisition, preprocessing, transmission to storage is realized, a transmission state can be monitored in real time, codes can be adjusted, a comprehensive, efficient and accurate solution is provided for intelligent management of construction machinery, and the overall data processing and utilization level is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data acquisition, and in particular to a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology. Background Art

[0002] In today's construction field, efficient management and accurate monitoring of construction machinery are crucial. With the continuous expansion of project scale and the increasing complexity of construction technology, higher requirements are placed on the collection, transmission and storage of construction machinery data.

[0003] In terms of data collection, previous collection methods may not be accurate enough to fully obtain the key characteristic data of construction machinery, resulting in an incomplete and inaccurate understanding of the operating status of construction machinery. In the data transmission link, early transmission methods may face problems such as unstable signals and low transmission efficiency. There is no effective monitoring mechanism to evaluate the strength of the transmission signal and the congestion during the transmission process, which greatly reduces the reliability of data transmission. Once the signal is weak or the transmission is congested, the data is easily lost or delayed, which affects the grasp of the real-time status of the construction machinery and the subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0004] With the development of the Beidou satellite navigation system and the emergence of Beidou short message technology, new opportunities have been provided for the optimization of construction machinery data collection systems. Beidou short message technology has unique advantages. It can transmit data in areas without network signal coverage, which is particularly important for complex environments such as construction sites. The construction machinery data collection system based on Beidou short message technology provides strong data support for the management, maintenance and optimization of construction machinery. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology, which solves the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology includes: Data collection terminal, used for collection and preprocessing of construction machinery data; A data transmission terminal, used for encoding the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data and transmitting it to a data storage terminal; The data storage terminal is used to decode the received construction machinery data and then store the restored original construction machinery data.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the data collection terminal comprises: A data acquisition unit, used to collect relevant characteristic data at key parts of the construction machinery; The data preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the collected data, and it uses a mean filtering algorithm for preprocessing.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein the data acquisition unit comprises various types of sensors installed at key parts of the construction machinery, such as a pressure sensor, a position sensor, and a rotation speed sensor; The relevant characteristic data include the hydraulic system pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the spatial position of the construction machinery collected by the position sensor, and the rotation speed of the key components measured by the speed sensor.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the pretreatment method is as follows: Among various related feature data, a related feature data sequence is collected and defined as X 1 , X 2 ,……X n , n represents the total number of original data points in the data sequence; In the relevant characteristic data sequence, a group of data is determined with the i-th data point as the center and according to the preset filter window parameters, and then the mean value is calculated to obtain the filtered characteristic data value; Specifically: pass , perform mean filtering on the relevant feature data sequence, and obtain the filtered feature data Ti; Wherein, m is a preset filter window parameter. In this embodiment, the value of m is 5, i=1, 2, ... n, and the value range of j is [ , ], X j represents the jth data point in the original data sequence; As a further solution of the present invention: the data transmission terminal comprises: The communication monitoring unit is used to obtain the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, the amount of data in the waiting queue for sending Beidou short messages, the transmission response time of Beidou short messages, and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time; Signal feedback information refers to the BeiDou signal power received by continuous measurement within a specified period of time; A transmission analysis unit is used to perform signal strength analysis based on the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, and to perform transmission congestion analysis based on the amount of data in the Beidou short message sending waiting queue, the Beidou short message transmission response time and the transmission response time; A data encoding unit is used to encode the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data according to the Beidou short message protocol, and obtain Beidou short message data of corresponding characteristic data; The transmission execution unit is used to transmit the Beidou short message data after encoding to the data storage terminal.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the signal intensity analysis method is as follows: Obtain the Beidou signal power continuously monitored during the specified period, then calculate the average value of all Beidou signal powers and record it as the signal strength of the Beidou satellite; Then the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is compared with the preset signal strength threshold to determine the strength of the signal; When the signal strength is less than the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is weak; When the signal strength is greater than or equal to the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong; As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission congestion analysis method is as follows: Obtain the transmission response time of multiple Beidou short messages, then calculate the average value of the transmission response time of all Beidou short messages, and record it as the average response time; At the same time, the amount of data in the waiting queue for sending Beidou short messages and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time are extracted and recorded as S1 and S2 respectively; Then subtract S2 from S1 and divide the difference by S1 to get the data backlog rate of the Beidou satellite. Then, the data backlog rate of the BeiDou satellite is compared with the preset data backlog threshold, and the congestion status of data transmission is determined; When the data backlog rate is less than the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is not in a congested state; When the data backlog rate is greater than or equal to the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is in a congested state.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the encoding processing method is as follows: Extract pre-processed construction machinery data; The corresponding characteristic data is divided into fields corresponding to the device identification, data type, data value, and timestamp, and each field is converted into a binary number, and then the binary numbers of each field are arranged in order to obtain the Beidou short message data of the corresponding characteristic data; Among them, when the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the byte length of each characteristic data after encoding is consistent, and it is encoded according to the preset encoding rules corresponding to the initially set byte length base.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the initially set byte length cardinality corresponds to the preset encoding rule as follows: The equipment identification is represented by an 8-bit binary number, which represents different construction machinery numbers; The data type is represented by a 4-bit binary number; Data values ​​are encoded according to the precision and range of the actual collected data; The timestamp is accurate to the second and uses the UNIX time format, represented by a 32-bit binary number.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: when the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the coding is adjusted according to the preset importance levels corresponding to various characteristic data in the construction machinery data; The encoding adjustment method is as follows: Obtain the preset importance levels corresponding to various feature data in the construction machinery data, and mark them as L; Then, the byte length of various characteristic data is adjusted according to a predetermined coding adjustment formula; The coding adjustment formula is Z=KL×β; Where Z is the adjusted byte length of the corresponding feature data, K is the initial set byte length base, and β is the preset adjustment coefficient; Then, according to the adjusted byte length, encoding is performed from the encoding rules of the same byte length base in the preset encoding rules of different byte lengths, and then new Beidou short message data with corresponding characteristic data is obtained.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the data storage terminal comprises: Data decoding unit: decodes the received Beidou short message data and obtains the original construction machinery data. The decoding method is to perform reverse decoding according to the encoding rules of the data transmission terminal to restore the original data format; The data storage unit is used to store the received original construction machinery data into a database.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein, the data collection terminal is communicated with the data transmission terminal via a wired connection, and then the preprocessed data is transmitted to the data transmission terminal; the data transmission terminal is connected to the data storage terminal via Beidou short message communication and transmits data.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention can comprehensively obtain rich relevant characteristic data such as hydraulic system pressure, spatial position, and rotation speed of key components by installing various types of sensors such as pressure sensors, position sensors, and rotation speed sensors at key parts of construction machinery. This provides multi-dimensional information support for accurately grasping the operating status of construction machinery, which plays an indispensable role in equipment performance evaluation, fault diagnosis, and construction process monitoring.

[0017] The present invention adopts the mean filter algorithm for data preprocessing, which can effectively smooth the data and reduce the noise influence caused by sensor error, environmental interference and other factors. The mean value is calculated with specific filter window parameters, so that the processed data can better reflect the real operation characteristics of the construction machinery, improve the accuracy and reliability of the data, and provide a high-quality data basis for subsequent analysis and application.

[0018] In the present invention, the communication monitoring unit performs all-round monitoring of the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, the amount of data in the waiting queue, the transmission response time, and the amount of data successfully sent, etc. This helps to grasp the status of the transmission link in real time and provides rich data basis for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0019] In the present invention, the signal strength analysis can accurately determine the signal strength by calculating the average value of the Beidou signal power and comparing it with the threshold, so as to perform efficient transmission when the signal is strong and avoid data transmission interruption or error caused by weak signal. The transmission congestion analysis comprehensively considers the response time, the amount of data in the waiting queue and the amount of successfully sent data, calculates the data backlog rate and compares it with the threshold, so as to determine the transmission congestion state. Performing data transmission when the data transmission is not congested can effectively improve the transmission efficiency, reduce the data waiting time, and ensure that the data is delivered in time.

[0020] In the present invention, the data encoding unit performs encoding processing according to the Beidou short message protocol, standardizes the data format, and improves the compatibility and security of the data during transmission. When the signal and transmission conditions are good, the unified byte length cardinality and encoding rules ensure the consistency and orderliness of the data, which is convenient for data identification, parsing and storage. At the same time, encoding adjustment is performed according to the importance level, and more reasonable transmission resources can be allocated to key data, giving priority to ensuring the efficient transmission of important data, further improving the overall transmission efficiency and data value.

[0021] In the present invention, the data decoding unit performs reverse decoding according to the coding rules, and can accurately restore the original data format, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the data before storage. The data storage unit stores the construction machinery data in the database, realizing the centralized management and long-term preservation of the data. This not only facilitates subsequent data query, statistical analysis, and data mining operations, and provides strong data support for the operation management, maintenance plan formulation, and construction process optimization of construction machinery, but also helps to accumulate historical data, form data assets, and provide valuable reference for the long-term development and decision-making of enterprises or projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of the construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a module schematic diagram of a data collection terminal in a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a module schematic diagram of a data transmission terminal in a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a module schematic diagram of a data storage terminal in a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention is a construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology, comprising: Data collection terminal, used for collection and preprocessing of construction machinery data, including: A data acquisition unit, used to collect relevant characteristic data at key parts of the construction machinery; Among them, the data acquisition unit includes various types of sensors installed in key parts of the construction machinery, such as pressure sensors, position sensors, and speed sensors; The relevant characteristic data include the hydraulic system pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the spatial position of the construction machinery collected by the position sensor, and the rotation speed of the key components measured by the speed sensor; Among them, the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the hydraulic system, which can help determine the load condition of the construction machinery and prevent overload; the position sensor collects the spatial position, which helps determine the working position of the construction machinery and facilitates construction management and scheduling; the speed sensor measures the rotation speed of key components and can be used to monitor the operating status of the mechanical transmission system and discover potential faults in a timely manner; The data preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the collected data, which can effectively remove noise interference and make subsequent data processing and analysis more accurate and reliable. The preprocessed data can improve the accuracy of construction machinery status assessment and provide more valuable information for equipment maintenance and fault diagnosis; The preprocessing method is as follows: Among various related feature data, a related feature data sequence is collected and defined as X 1 , X 2 ,……X n , n represents the total number of original data points in the data sequence; In the relevant characteristic data sequence, a group of data is determined with the i-th data point as the center and according to the preset filter window parameters, and then the mean value is calculated to obtain the filtered characteristic data value; Specifically: pass , perform mean filtering on the relevant feature data sequence, and obtain the filtered feature data Ti; Wherein, m is a preset filter window parameter. In this embodiment, the value of m is 5, i=1, 2, ... n, and the value range of j is [ , , X j represents the jth data point in the original data sequence; For example: when m=5, for data point X5; Get the value range of j[ , ] is 3 to 7, that is, j = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; Therefore, for a data point X5 in the data sequence; The feature data after filtering is ; In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit in the data collection terminal can comprehensively collect relevant characteristic data of the construction machinery, including hydraulic system pressure, spatial position and rotation speed of key components, by installing various types of sensors, such as pressure sensors, position sensors, speed sensors, etc., at key parts of the construction machinery, providing a rich source of data for subsequent state monitoring and analysis of the construction machinery; the data preprocessing unit preprocesses the collected data by using mean filtering, which can effectively remove noise from the data and improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. By taking a specific data point as the center and determining a group of data for mean calculation according to preset filter window parameters to obtain the filtered characteristic data value, this processing method is simple and efficient, and helps to improve the quality of subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0029] Embodiment 2 See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, as the second embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is implemented, compared with the first embodiment, the technical solution of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment only in that the present embodiment also includes: A data transmission terminal, used for encoding the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data and transmitting it to a data storage terminal; The data transmission terminal includes: A data encoding unit, used to encode the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data according to the Beidou short message protocol; The specific method is as follows: Extract pre-processed construction machinery data; The corresponding characteristic data is divided into fields corresponding to the device identification, data type, data value, and timestamp, and each field is converted into a binary number, and then the binary numbers of each field are arranged in order to obtain the Beidou short message data of the corresponding characteristic data; This encoding method makes the data have a unified format during transmission, which is convenient for data exchange and sharing between different devices. At the same time, the Beidou short message protocol has the characteristics of wide coverage and high reliability, which is suitable for data transmission of construction machinery in complex environments such as the field; The transmission execution unit is used to transmit the encoded Beidou short message data to the data storage terminal to ensure that the construction machinery data can be delivered to the destination in a timely and accurate manner. During the construction process, the real-time transmitted data can provide support for remote monitoring and management, and improve construction efficiency and safety; A data storage terminal is used to decode the received construction machinery data and then store the restored original construction machinery data; Data decoding unit: decodes the received Beidou short message data and obtains the original construction machinery data. The decoding method is to perform reverse decoding according to the encoding rules of the data transmission terminal to restore the original data format, ensuring the accuracy of the data before storage. This is crucial for subsequent data query, analysis and utilization, ensuring the integrity and availability of the data; A data storage unit, used for storing the received original construction machinery data into a database; In this embodiment, the received construction machinery data is classified and stored according to the preset database table structure, and the database table structure includes fields such as equipment ID, collection time, data value, etc., which facilitates users to quickly retrieve required data according to fields such as equipment ID and collection time. At the same time, database storage can preserve the operation data of construction machinery for a long time, providing historical data support for equipment performance evaluation, maintenance plan formulation, etc.

[0030] This embodiment adds a data transmission terminal and a data storage terminal, and realizes the encoding transmission and decoding storage functions of the construction machinery data.

[0031] Embodiment 3 See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, as the third embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is specifically implemented, compared with the first and second embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine the solutions of the first and second embodiments, and the difference between the technical solution of this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that in this embodiment, the data transmission terminal also includes: The communication monitoring unit is used to obtain the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, the amount of data in the waiting queue for sending Beidou short messages, the transmission response time of Beidou short messages, and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time; Signal feedback information refers to the BeiDou signal power received by continuous measurement within a specified period of time; A transmission analysis unit is used to perform signal strength analysis based on the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, and to perform transmission congestion analysis based on the amount of data in the Beidou short message sending waiting queue, the Beidou short message transmission response time and the transmission response time; The signal strength analysis method is as follows: Obtain the Beidou signal power continuously monitored during the specified period, then calculate the average value of all Beidou signal powers and record it as the signal strength of the Beidou satellite; Then the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is compared with the preset signal strength threshold to determine the strength of the signal; When the signal strength is less than the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is weak; When the signal strength is greater than or equal to the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong; The transmission congestion analysis method is as follows: Obtain the transmission response time of multiple Beidou short messages, then calculate the average value of the transmission response time of all Beidou short messages, and record it as the average response time; At the same time, the amount of data in the waiting queue for sending Beidou short messages and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time are extracted and recorded as S1 and S2 respectively; Then subtract S2 from S1 and divide the difference by S1 to get the data backlog rate of the Beidou satellite. Then, the data backlog rate of the BeiDou satellite is compared with the preset data backlog threshold, and the congestion status of data transmission is determined; When the data backlog rate is less than the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is not in a congested state; When the data backlog rate is greater than or equal to the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is in a congested state; In the embodiment, when the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the byte length of each feature data after encoding is consistent, and it is encoded according to the preset encoding rule corresponding to the initially set byte length base; Specifically: The equipment identification is represented by an 8-bit binary number, which represents different construction machinery numbers; The data type is represented by a 4-bit binary number. In this embodiment, the pressure data can be represented by 0001, the spatial position can be represented by 0010, and the rotation speed can be represented by 0011; Data values ​​are encoded according to the precision and range of the actual collected data; The timestamp is accurate to the second and uses the UNIX time format, represented by a 32-bit binary number; When the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the coding is adjusted according to the preset importance levels corresponding to various characteristic data in the construction machinery data; The encoding adjustment method is as follows: Obtain the preset importance levels corresponding to various feature data in the construction machinery data, and mark them as L; In this embodiment, the value range of L is 1-5, wherein when the value of L is 1, it indicates that the importance level of the corresponding feature data is the highest, and when the value of L is 5, it indicates that the importance level of the corresponding feature data is the lowest; Then, the byte length of various characteristic data is adjusted according to a predetermined coding adjustment formula; The coding adjustment formula is Z=KL×β; Where Z is the adjusted byte length of the corresponding feature data, K is the initial byte length base, and β is the preset adjustment coefficient; For example, when K=16, β=2, and L=1 in the corresponding feature data, the encoded byte length Z=16-1×2=14; Then, according to the adjusted byte length, encoding is performed from the encoding rules of the same byte length base in the preset encoding rules of different byte lengths, and then new Beidou short message data with corresponding characteristic data is obtained.

[0032] In this embodiment, data with higher importance can be encoded and transmitted first. For key safety data of construction machinery, such as brake system pressure data, which is of higher importance, the bytes can be shortened to increase the transmission speed; while some environmental monitoring data, such as construction site temperature data, is relatively less important and does not need to be shortened; The data transmission terminal of this embodiment adds a communication monitoring unit and a transmission analysis unit, which can monitor the signal feedback information of the Beidou satellite, the amount of data in the waiting queue, the transmission response time, and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time in real time, providing a comprehensive basis for evaluating the data transmission status; through signal strength analysis and transmission congestion analysis, the signal strength of the Beidou satellite and the congestion status of data transmission can be accurately judged. When the signal strength is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the encoding adjustment is performed according to the importance level of various feature data in the construction machinery data, which can make more reasonable use of transmission resources and improve the efficiency and quality of data transmission.

[0033] Embodiment 4 As the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is specifically implemented, compared with the first, second and third embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine and implement the solutions of the above-mentioned first, second and third embodiments.

[0034] Among them, the data collection terminal communicates with the data transmission terminal through a wired connection, and then transmits the preprocessed data to the data transmission terminal; the data transmission terminal connects to the data storage terminal through the Beidou short message communication method and transmits data.

[0035] This embodiment combines the solutions of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3, and realizes the functions of comprehensive collection, preprocessing, encoding transmission, decoding storage, transmission status monitoring and encoding adjustment of construction machinery data, providing a more complete solution for the intelligent management of construction machinery.

[0036] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0037] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology is characterized by: include: Data transmission terminal, used for encoding and transmitting the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data; The data transmission terminal is composed of a communication monitoring unit, a transmission analysis unit, a data encoding unit and a transmission execution unit; The communication monitoring unit obtains the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, the amount of data in the Beidou short message sending waiting queue, the Beidou short message transmission response time and the amount of data successfully sent within the specified time; then the transmission analysis unit performs signal strength analysis based on the signal feedback information received from the Beidou satellite, and performs transmission congestion analysis based on the amount of data in the Beidou short message sending waiting queue, the Beidou short message transmission response time and the transmission response time; then the data encoding unit encodes the collected and pre-processed construction machinery data according to the Beidou short message protocol, and obtains the Beidou short message data of the corresponding characteristic data; finally, the transmission execution unit transmits the encoded Beidou short message data; Among them, the signal feedback information refers to the Beidou signal power received by continuous measurement within a specified time period.

2. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A data collection terminal is used for collecting and preprocessing construction machinery data, and the data collection terminal is composed of a data acquisition unit and a data preprocessing unit; After the data collection unit collects relevant characteristic data at key parts of the construction machinery; The data preprocessing unit preprocesses the collected data, and uses a mean filtering algorithm for preprocessing; A data storage terminal is used to decode the received construction machinery data and then store the restored original construction machinery data; The data collection terminal is connected to the data transmission terminal by wired connection, and then transmits the pre-processed data to the data transmission terminal; the data transmission terminal is connected to the data storage terminal by Beidou short message communication and transmits data; the data storage terminal is composed of a data decoding unit and a data storage unit; The data decoding unit decodes the received Beidou short message data to obtain the original construction machinery data, and the data storage unit stores the obtained construction machinery data in a database; The data decoding unit performs reverse decoding according to the encoding rules of the data transmission terminal to restore the original data format.

3. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The preprocessing method is as follows: Among various related feature data, a related feature data sequence is collected and defined as X1, X2, ...X n , n represents the total number of original data points in the data sequence; In the relevant characteristic data sequence, a group of data is determined with the ith data point as the center and according to the preset filter window parameters, and then the mean value is calculated to obtain the filtered characteristic data value.

4. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The signal strength analysis method is as follows: Obtain the Beidou signal power continuously monitored during the specified period, then calculate the average value of all Beidou signal powers and record it as the signal strength of the Beidou satellite; The signal strength of the Beidou satellite is then compared with the preset signal strength threshold to determine the strength of the signal.

5. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission congestion analysis method is as follows: Obtain the transmission response time of multiple Beidou short messages, then calculate the average value of the transmission response time of all Beidou short messages, and record it as the average response time; At the same time, the amount of data in the waiting queue for sending Beidou short messages and the amount of data successfully sent within a specified time are extracted and recorded as S1 and S2 respectively; Then subtract S2 from S1 and divide the difference by S1 to get the data backlog rate of the Beidou satellite. The data backlog rate of the Beidou satellite is then compared with the preset data backlog threshold to determine the congestion status of data transmission.

6. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The signal strength is determined as follows: When the signal strength is less than the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is weak; When the signal strength is greater than or equal to the signal strength threshold, it is determined that the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong; During data transmission, the congestion status is determined as follows: When the data backlog rate is less than the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is not in a congested state; When the data backlog rate is greater than or equal to the data backlog threshold, it is determined that the data transmission of the Beidou satellite is in a congested state.

7. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The encoding process is as follows: Extract pre-processed construction machinery data; The corresponding characteristic data is divided into fields corresponding to the device identification, data type, data value, and timestamp, and each field is converted into a binary number. The binary numbers of each field are then arranged in sequence to obtain the Beidou short message data of the corresponding characteristic data.

8. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in, When the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the byte length of each characteristic data after encoding is consistent, and it is encoded according to the preset encoding rule corresponding to the initially set byte length base.

9. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that: When the signal strength of the Beidou satellite is strong and the data transmission is not in a congested state, the coding is adjusted according to the preset importance levels of various characteristic data in the construction machinery data. The coding adjustment method is as follows: Obtain the preset importance levels corresponding to various feature data in the construction machinery data, and mark them as L; Then, the byte length Z of various characteristic data is adjusted according to the predetermined coding adjustment formula Z=KL×β; Where K is the initial byte length base, and β is the preset adjustment coefficient; Then, according to the adjusted byte length, encoding is performed from the encoding rules of the same byte length base in the preset encoding rules of different byte lengths, and then new Beidou short message data with corresponding characteristic data is obtained.

10. The construction machinery data acquisition system based on Beidou short message technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in, The data acquisition unit includes a pressure sensor, a position sensor, and a rotation speed sensor installed at key parts of the construction machinery; The relevant characteristic data include the hydraulic system pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the spatial position of the construction machinery collected by the position sensor, and the rotation speed of the key components measured by the speed sensor.

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