High-frequency breathing machine working method based on flow control and high-frequency breathing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-frequency breathing machines, and discloses a working method of a high-frequency breathing machine based on flow control, the high-frequency breathing machine sequentially outputs a plurality of average airway flows with the same or different sizes and the same or different action time periods according to a set period rule, and the airway flows output in an expiration phase and an inspiration phase are stable. The same or different average airway flows can be output in different inspiration phases and expiration phases; in different action time periods of the high-frequency breathing machine, the output gas flow can be periodically and independently adjusted among different ventilation flow levels; in high-frequency ventilation, the high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control can accurately control the flow and time of gas, the flow control ventilation can better control the change of airway pressure, and the air supply volume of equipment can be accurately estimated by setting proper flow and time, so that the airway pressure and risk are reduced, and the possibility of air pressure damage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-frequency ventilators, in particular to a high-frequency ventilator working method based on flow control and a high-frequency ventilator. Background Art

[0002] High Frequency Ventilation (HFV) refers to a mechanical ventilation method in which the ventilation frequency is more than 4 times higher than the normal respiratory rate, while the tidal volume is close to or lower than the anatomical dead space volume. Common high-frequency ventilation is mainly based on pressure control and volume control. High-frequency pressure control ventilation is divided into three modes: high-frequency positive pressure ventilation, high-frequency oscillation ventilation and high-frequency jet ventilation; high-frequency volume control ventilation is divided into three modes: high-frequency volume control ventilation, oscillation volume control ventilation and high-frequency limited volume ventilation. Diffusion and convection play a major role in the gas exchange process, but under normal circumstances, diffusion alone cannot maintain normal blood gas. When the high-frequency airflow flows forward at the distal end of the airway, the flow velocity profile is parabolic, and the gas in the center of the airway flows faster than the surrounding airway. As the parabola extends forward, the exchange interface between the inhaled fresh gas and the gas originally stored in the airway expands, thereby increasing lateral gas diffusion. When diffusion is combined with convection, the propagation and exchange of gas will be greatly increased. At the same time, high-frequency oscillation has a stirring effect on gas molecules, which is also conducive to gas exchange. At present, high-frequency ventilation has been widely used in clinical practice. It is suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with some severe respiratory diseases, such as upper airway surgery, bronchoscopy, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, severe pneumonia, ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), etc. It can improve ventilation and oxygenation functions, reduce respiratory burden, provide better gas exchange, and help patients recover.

[0003] However, high-frequency ventilation also has some disadvantages:

[0004] (1) Current high-frequency ventilation makes it difficult to ensure the coordination between the high-frequency ventilator and the patient, and cannot ensure synchronization with the patient's breathing, which can easily cause discomfort to the patient.

[0005] (2) It is not easy to control airway pressure, which increases the possibility of barotrauma and easily causes respiratory muscle fatigue, resulting in poor ventilation treatment effect;

[0006] (3) The high-frequency ventilation mode is single and has limited adaptability to different patients or conditions, and cannot quickly meet the patient's specific respiratory needs. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency ventilator working method based on flow control. The high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control can accurately control the flow and time of the gas. Flow-controlled ventilation can better control the changes in airway pressure. By setting appropriate flow and time, the pressure and risk of the airway can be reduced, and the possibility of pressure injury can be reduced.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] In the first aspect, a working method of a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control, the high-frequency ventilator sequentially outputs multiple average airway flow rates of the same or different sizes and the same or different action time periods according to a set periodic rule, the airway flow output in the expiratory phase and the inspiratory phase is stable, and the average airway flow rates of the same or different sizes are output in different inspiratory phases and expiratory phases; the output gas flow rate of the high-frequency ventilator can be independently adjusted between different ventilation flow levels during different action time periods; the output gas flow rate can be periodically switched between different average airway flow levels during different action time periods, the average airway flow rate is performed at the basic average airway flow level, and each average airway flow rate can be independently adjusted.

[0010] As a further implementation method, each action time period may include one or more breathing cycles, and the switching of different flow rates is controlled by time, but the breathing switching can be switched by autonomous control or time control.

[0011] As a further implementation manner, the expiratory phase average airway flow is at least the basic average airway flow, and the inspiratory phase average airway flow is the sum of the basic average airway flow and the inspiratory phase average support airway flow.

[0012] As a further implementation method, an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator are connected in parallel to the breathing tube of the high-frequency ventilator, thereby forming three ventilation modes, including high-frequency constant flow ventilation, variable flow high-frequency oscillation ventilation and variable flow high-frequency jet ventilation. The corresponding ventilation mode can be selected according to different needs.

[0013] As a further implementation method, in different ventilation modes, based on multiple basic average airway flows of equal or different sizes, the respective inspiratory phase average supporting airway flows are superimposed in the inspiratory phase, and ventilation work is performed according to the respective action time periods.

[0014] As a further implementation method, the high-frequency constant flow ventilation mode controls and adjusts the output airflow through a controller, and the output flow waveform is a square wave; the variable flow high-frequency oscillation ventilation mode generates a high-frequency airflow through an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator and delivers it to the breathing circuit, and the output pressure is a sine wave; the variable flow high-frequency jet ventilation uses an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector to drive the jet needle to eject a high-frequency airflow into the breathing circuit using electromagnetic force, and the output flow waveform is a triangular wave.

[0015] As a further implementation, for different ventilation modes, the trigger is to start control, assistance, support or autonomous ventilation when the high-frequency ventilator is timing or the inhalation reaches a set flow threshold.

[0016] As a further implementation method, gas flow information is obtained through a flow sensor to generate a flow-time image; pressure information is obtained through a pressure sensor to generate a pressure-time image, and the airway flow is monitored and adjusted through a gas flow monitoring and adjustment device; and the working parameters of the high-frequency ventilator are adjusted according to the flow-time image curve, the pressure-time image curve and the blood gas analysis.

[0017] In a second aspect, a high-frequency ventilator is provided, which works by any of the above-described high-frequency ventilator working methods based on flow control, including a breathing circuit, on which an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and an electromagnetic oscillator are installed in parallel, the breathing circuit is connected to an air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer through a heating and humidification device, a pressure sensor and a flow sensor are provided on the pipeline between the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer and the heating and humidification device, and the sensor and the flow regulation and monitoring device are arranged in parallel; the electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector, the electromagnetic oscillator, the sensor and the flow regulation and monitoring device are connected to a display through a controller.

[0018] As a further implementation, the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer is connected to the axial flow fan via an air filter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, the high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control can accurately control the gas volume output by the device. Flow-controlled ventilation can better control the change of airway pressure. By setting appropriate flow and time, the pressure and risk of the airway can be reduced, and the possibility of pressure injury can be reduced.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, the high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control can improve the coordination between the ventilator and the patient: flow control ventilation requires better coordination between the patient and the ventilator. By accurately controlling the gas flow rate and time, it can better synchronize with the patient's breathing and reduce discomfort and incoordination.

[0022] 3. In high-frequency ventilation, the high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control reduces respiratory power consumption, reduces respiratory muscle fatigue, shortens ventilator offline time, and thus reduces the risk of hospital-acquired infection and reduces the degree of lung damage caused by the ventilator.

[0023] 4. The present invention can realize multi-mode switching of high-frequency ventilation, increase the convenience of high-frequency ventilation, shorten the switching time, reduce the occurrence of accidents, and provide great convenience for medical staff; in the process of high-frequency ventilation, the output concentration, flow rate and ratio of the oxygen source and nitric oxide source can be accurately controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-frequency ventilator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the ventilation state of the high-frequency ventilator in the VFHFOV mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the ventilation state of the high-frequency ventilator in the VFHFJV mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the ventilation state of the high-frequency ventilator in the HFCFV mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0030] Among them: 1. Pressure reducing valve, 2. Proportional valve, 3. Axial flow fan, 4. Air filter, 5. Air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer, 6. Pressure sensor, 7. Flow sensor, 8. Heating and humidifying device, 9. Flow monitoring and regulating device, 10. Breathing circuit, 11. Electromagnetic high-frequency injection connector, 12. Electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator, 13. Patient, 14. Controller, 15. Display, 16. Safety valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] Terminology explanation:

[0033] VFHFOV: variable flow high frequency oscillatory ventilation;

[0034] VFHFJV: variable flow high frequency jet ventilation;

[0035] HFCFV: high frequency constant flow ventilation;

[0036] Duration1: the first action period;

[0037] Duration2: the second action period;

[0038] Duration3: The third action period;

[0039] BMAF: basal mean airway flow;

[0040] ISMAF: Inspiratory supported mean airway flow.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, a working method of a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control, the high-frequency ventilator sequentially outputs multiple average airway flows of the same or different sizes and the same or different action time periods (Duration 1, Duration 2 and Duration 3...) according to a set periodic rule, the airway flow output in the expiratory phase and the inspiratory phase is stable, and the same or different average airway flow can be output in different inspiratory phases and expiratory phases; the high-frequency ventilator can independently adjust the output gas flow between different ventilation flow levels periodically in different action time periods; the output gas flow can switch between different average airway flow levels periodically in different action time periods, the average airway flow is performed at the basic average airway flow level, and each average airway flow can be independently adjusted.

[0043] Each action time period may include one or more breathing cycles, that is, one or more inhalation-exhalation switches, and the switching of different flow rates is controlled by time, but the inhalation-exhalation switch in each action time period is controlled autonomously by the patient or by time.

[0044] Under the above-mentioned working method of the high-frequency ventilator, according to the controller instructions of the high-frequency ventilator, the high-frequency ventilator can output three high-frequency ventilation modes, namely variable flow high-frequency oscillation ventilation (VFHFOV), variable flow high-frequency jet ventilation (VFHFJV) and high-frequency constant flow ventilation (HFCFV). The three modes are referred to as VFHFOV, VFHFJV and HFCFV below.

[0045] The high-frequency ventilator ventilation implemented in this embodiment is based on flow control and can output an average airway flow, which includes an average airway flow in the expiratory phase and an average airway flow in the inspiratory phase.

[0046] The expiratory phase average airway flow is the average airway flow input to the patient during the expiratory phase according to the set action time period, and the expiratory phase average airway flow is at least the basic average airway flow. The basic average airway flow refers to the initial average airway flow output by the high-frequency ventilator after receiving the high-frequency ventilation command from the control system.

[0047] The inspiratory mean airway flow is the average airway flow input to the patient during the inspiratory phase according to the set action time period. The inspiratory mean airway flow is the inspiratory mean support airway flow (ISMAF) superimposed on the basic mean airway flow. The inspiratory mean airway flow and the expiratory mean airway flow are output alternately.

[0048] It can be understood that the basic average airway flow refers to the initial average airway flow output by the high-frequency ventilator after receiving the high-frequency ventilation command from the controller. The inspiratory mean supported airway flow (ISMAF) is the average airway flow superimposed on the basic average airway flow output by the high-frequency ventilator in the inspiratory phase after receiving the high-frequency ventilation command. The basic average airway flow and the inspiratory average supported airway flow can be set and adjusted based on EIT monitoring data, arterial blood gas results (such as PaO2, PaCO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure, transcutaneous tissue oxygen partial pressure and transcutaneous tissue carbon dioxide partial pressure and the patient's condition.

[0049] An electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator can be connected in parallel at the interface between the high-frequency ventilator and the patient, and the VFHFJV mode can be realized through the electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector, and the VFHFOV mode can be realized through the electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator. The HFCFV mode can be realized by closing the electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and the electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator, and adjusting the respiratory frequency and the inhalation-exhalation ratio. According to different needs, medical staff can choose the corresponding ventilation mode to meet the adaptability of different patients or conditions and meet the patient's specific breathing needs.

[0050] The high-frequency ventilator can work independently in each ventilation mode and can be switched between each other. Each ventilation mode is equipped with a corresponding breathing circuit and has multiple interfaces with the patient end.

[0051] In VFHFOV mode, the electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator uses electromagnetic force to drive the piston to vibrate back and forth, generating high-frequency airflow, which is delivered to the respiratory circuit to reach the patient's respiratory system, and its output pressure waveform is a sine wave. The average airway flow in the inspiratory phase is generated by the sinusoidal waveform airflow output by the ventilator, while the average airway flow in the expiratory phase is caused by the ventilator actively sucking out the gas.

[0052] The electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator is equipped with an electromagnetic drive device, which consists of an electromagnetic coil and a piston. When the electromagnetic coil receives current, it generates a magnetic field, which acts on the piston, thereby driving the movement of the piston with high precision and adjustability.

[0053] The electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator also includes an oscillating airflow generating device, which is usually composed of an air source, a pressure regulating device, a filtering device, and an airflow transmission pipeline. The controller issues a command, and the electromagnetic drive device drives the piston to move back and forth by electromagnetism, thereby generating an oscillating force in the oscillating airflow generating device, so that the high-frequency ventilator works at a certain frequency and a tidal volume lower than the anatomical dead space.

[0054] In VFHFJV mode, the electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector uses electromagnetic force to drive the jet needle to eject high-frequency airflow into the respiratory circuit to reach the patient's airway, and the output flow waveform is a triangular wave. The average airway flow in the inspiratory phase is generated by the triangular waveform airflow output by the ventilator, while the average airway flow in the expiratory phase is caused by the combined effect of the patient's exhalation and the ventilator's output airflow. The electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector consists of an electromagnetic jet needle, a needle seat, and a connecting tube. The controller sends a command, the electromagnetic drives the jet needle to work, and the ventilator outputs a high-frequency airflow that is sprayed into the airway through the jet needle to complete ventilation.

[0055] In HFCFV mode, the output airflow is controlled and adjusted by the controller, and the output flow waveform is a square wave. The average airway flow in the inspiratory phase is generated by the airflow output by the ventilator, while the average airway flow in the expiratory phase is caused by the combined effect of the patient's exhalation and the ventilator's output airflow; in addition, the HFCFV ventilation mode can perform constant-frequency ventilation (ventilation frequency is about 12-24 times / min).

[0056] In the three modes, the trigger-ventilation-switching of the ventilator is independent; the trigger is started by the ventilator timing or the patient's inhalation reaching the trigger threshold (flow trigger) to start control, assistance, support or autonomous ventilation. During ventilation, the inspiratory flow is managed by the flow, that is, the ventilation limit is set by the flow (variable pressure), and the ventilation based on flow control of the ventilator is achieved by setting the ventilation flow in each cycle. Ventilation is terminated by the patient autonomously or by setting the time, that is, the switching between inhalation and exhalation is determined by the patient autonomously or by setting the inhalation time, which reduces the patient's discomfort.

[0057] In different ventilation modes, multiple basic average airway flows of equal or different sizes are used as the basis, and their respective average inspiratory support airway flows are superimposed in the inspiratory phase, and ventilation work is performed according to their respective action time periods.

[0058] During high-frequency ventilation, the high-frequency ventilator can output one or more different sizes of inspiratory phase average airway flow and expiratory phase average airway flow within a time period. The inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase are output alternately and have multiple identical or different time periods; multiple identical or different time periods can be set according to the patient's vital signs, arterial blood gas analysis indicators and other disease monitoring indicators.

[0059] The basic mean airway flow and the average support airway flow in the inspiratory phase can be set and adjusted according to EIT, arterial blood gas results (such as PaO2, PaCO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure, transcutaneous tissue oxygen partial pressure and transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure and patient condition feedback.

[0060] The change in high-frequency ventilation time and size are set according to lung function parameters, which include the size of elastic resistance and inelastic resistance, and the size of lung compliance.

[0061] Under this ventilation method, according to the controller instructions, the high-frequency ventilator can output three high-frequency ventilation modes, namely VFHFOV, VFHFJV, and HFCFV. Each ventilation mode works independently and can be switched with each other. Each ventilation mode is equipped with a corresponding breathing circuit.

[0062] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, for the convenience of description, only BMAF1, BMAF2 and BMAF3 are described below.

[0063] When the high-frequency ventilator works under BMAF1, in the expiratory phase, the output average airway flow is at least the basic average airway flow 1 (BMAF1), and in the inspiratory phase, the output average airway flow is the sum of the basic average airway flow 1 (BMAF1) and the inspiratory support average airway flow 1 (ISMAF1). With the respiratory cycle, the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase are output alternately, and the inspiratory phase average airway flow and the expiratory phase average airway flow can work in the action time periods of Duration 1, Duration 2, Duration 3, etc. The same applies to BMAF 2 and BMAF 3.

[0064] The high-frequency ventilator of the present invention has the above-mentioned ventilation working method. The relevant parameters of the high-frequency ventilator under the ventilation working method can be set: basic mean airway flow (BMAF1, BMAF 2, BMAF3, BMAF 4...) and inspiratory phase support mean airway flow (ISMAF1, ISMAF2, ISMAF3, ISMAF4...) and their respective durations (Duration 1, Duration 2, Duration 3,...), tidal volume (Vt), basic airflow (Bias flow), inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2), oscillation flow amplitude (ΔF), oscillation frequency (Hz), inspiratory time ratio (1%), inspiratory NO concentration, variable flow high-frequency ventilation mode switching module, trigger sensitivity and other basic parameters. It is also equipped with a monitoring feedback module, an alarm module, a display, etc. During ventilation, the gas flow information is obtained through a flow sensor to generate a flow-time image; the pressure information is obtained through a pressure sensor to generate a pressure-time image, and the airway flow is monitored and adjusted through a gas flow monitoring and adjustment device; the working parameters of the high-frequency ventilator are adjusted according to the flow-time image curve, the pressure-time image curve and the blood gas analysis; the monitoring data such as tidal volume, minute ventilation volume, end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure, transcutaneous tissue oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressure, carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient, inhaled NO concentration, etc. are fed back to the monitoring interface, and the relevant parameters are adjusted according to the values ​​of the monitoring interface to achieve the treatment goals under this ventilation mode.

[0065] The ventilation method provided by the present invention realizes ventilation work according to respective action time periods (Duration1, Duration2, Duration3...) based on multiple basic average flows (BMAF1, BMAF 2, BMAF 3...) of different or same sizes, superimposes respective inspiratory support average airway flows (ISMAF1, ISMAF2, ISMAF3...) in the inspiratory phase.

[0066] The basic mean airway flow (BMAF), inspiratory support mean airway flow (ISMAF) and the corresponding action time periods (Duration 1, Duration 2, Duration 3...), the expiratory phase and inspiratory phase action time periods are reasonably set according to the patient's condition. The basic mean flow (BMAF) setting range can be 0cmH2O to the maximum safe ventilation flow that the patient can bear, and the same is true for the inspiratory support mean airway flow (ISMAF).

[0067] like Figure 2As shown: The airway flow waveform output by the high-frequency ventilator in the VFHFOV mode is a sine wave. The horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the average airway flow, including the average airway flow in the inspiratory phase (basic average airway flow + inspiratory support average airway flow) and the average airway flow in the expiratory phase (basic average airway flow). The figure only takes Duration 1, Duration 2 and (Duration 3) as examples.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure: The airway flow waveform output by the high-frequency ventilator in the VFHFJV mode is a triangular wave. The horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the average airway flow, including the average airway flow in the inspiratory phase (basic average airway flow + inspiratory support average airway flow) and the average airway flow in the expiratory phase (basic average airway flow). The figure only takes Duration 1, Duration 2 and (Duration 3) as examples.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure: The airway flow waveform output by the high-frequency ventilator in HFCFV mode is a square wave. The horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the average airway flow, including the average airway flow in the inspiratory phase (basic average airway flow + inspiratory support average airway flow) and the average airway flow in the expiratory phase (basic average airway flow). The figure only takes Duration 1, Duration 2 and (Duration 3) as examples.

[0070] Figure 2-Figure 4 In the three high-frequency ventilation modes, the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is airway flow. The size of the airway flow is set specifically according to the patient's condition before ventilation.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] A high frequency ventilator, including a breathing circuit, such as Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the high-frequency ventilator mainly includes a pressure reducing valve 1, a proportional valve 2, an axial flow fan 3, an air filter 4, an air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5, a pressure sensor 6, a flow sensor 7, a heating and humidifying device 8, a flow monitoring and regulating device 9, a breathing circuit 10, an electromagnetic high-frequency injection joint 11, an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator 12, a patient 13, a controller 14, a display 15, and a safety valve 16.

[0073] An electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector 11 and an electromagnetic oscillator 12 are installed in parallel on one end of the breathing tube 10 close to the patient 13. The breathing tube 10 is connected to the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5 through the heating and humidification device 8 and the corresponding pipeline. The pipeline from the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5 to the heating and humidification device 8 is provided with a solenoid valve 16, a pressure sensor 6 and a flow sensor 7 in sequence, and a safety valve 15 is also provided on the breathing tube. The flow monitoring and regulating device 9 is provided between the solenoid valve 16 and the heating and humidification device 8, and is connected in parallel with the pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7.

[0074] The air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5 is connected to the axial flow fan 3 through the air filter 4, the electromagnetic high-frequency jet joint 11, the electromagnetic oscillator 12, the sensor, the flow regulating monitoring device 9, the electromagnetic valve 16, the safety valve 15, and the axial flow fan 3 are connected to the display 15 through the controller 14. The air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5 is also connected to the gas source through the proportional valve 2 and the pressure reducing valve 1. The gas source is O2 and NO. It can be connected to the oxygen source and the nitric oxide source. The two gases can be output separately or mixed in a certain proportion. The setting of the corresponding monitoring components enables this high-frequency ventilator to have the functions of ventilation and parameter monitoring feedback (mean airway pressure and airway flow).

[0075] The controller 14 of this embodiment includes a control system, which has a control function and a monitoring feedback function. It adjusts the high-frequency ventilator parameters according to the patient feedback, the flow-time image curve, the pressure-time image curve, the tidal volume-time image and the blood gas analysis results fed back by the monitoring system, so as to achieve the treatment goal in this ventilation mode. The controller 14 is an electric control system that provides a ventilation mode according to the set parameters (set parameters) and feedback information (monitoring parameters). The display can set the ventilator parameters and display the monitoring parameters.

[0076] The control system of the high-frequency ventilator can operate three ventilation modes, including variable flow high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (VFHFOV) based on flow control, variable flow high-frequency jet ventilation (VFHFJV) based on flow control, and high-frequency constant flow ventilation (HFCFV) based on flow control. The three modes can be switched between each other according to the needs of the disease and work independently in the manner described in Example 1.

[0077] The air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5 controls the inhaled oxygen concentration, the inhaled NO concentration and the ventilation flow rate through the proportional valve 2 and the pressure reducing valve 1; the heating and humidification device 8 heats and humidifies the oscillating airflow, the jet airflow, etc.

[0078] The controller of the high-frequency ventilator is equipped with a monitoring module for monitoring the operating status of the high-frequency ventilator in different modes and the corresponding parameters, and feeding back to the display. The monitoring module includes an end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure monitoring module and a transcutaneous tissue oxygen / carbon dioxide partial pressure monitoring module, as well as corresponding parameter monitoring modules, etc.

[0079] The connection end of the breathing circuit and the patient can be connected to a variety of interfaces, such as endotracheal tube, tracheostomy tube, nasal interface, and mask. Endotracheal tube and tracheostomy tube are double-lumen tubes, one lumen for ventilation and one lumen for monitoring airway pressure and airway flow. The mask can be an oral and nasal mask or a full-face mask.

[0080] The display can be used to set the switch between different modes and the setting of corresponding parameters through the setting module.

[0081] Parameter settings include basal mean airway flow (BMAF), inspiratory support mean airway flow (ISMAF), tidal volume (Vt), basic airflow (Bias flow), inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2), oscillation flow amplitude (ΔF), oscillation frequency (Hz), inspiratory time ratio (1%), respiratory rate (f), inhaled NO concentration, variable flow high frequency ventilation mode switching module, action time period (Duration), trigger sensitivity, alarm device, etc.

[0082] The controller can control the gas path, gas flow monitoring and regulating device, electromagnetic HFO oscillator, and electromagnetic high-frequency injection joint through a control algorithm to control the required output flow, inhaled oxygen concentration, inhaled NO concentration, and working timing.

[0083] Average airway flow monitoring is to transmit the airway flow signal in the ventilation circuit to the controller through the flow sensor, and then transmit it to the display through the controller to present the average airway flow data and flow-time image.

[0084] Average airway pressure monitoring is to transmit the airway pressure signal in the ventilation circuit to the controller through the pressure sensor, and then transmit it to the display through the controller to present the airway pressure data and pressure-time image.

[0085] The output form of the monitored ventilator operating parameters can be a respiratory waveform, a respiratory cycle, a specific value, etc.

[0086] The parameters monitored by the parameter monitoring module include basal mean airway flow (BMAF), inspiratory support mean airway flow (ISMAF), inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2), oscillation flow amplitude (ΔF), oscillation frequency (Hz), inspiratory time (s), respiratory rate (f), mean airway flow-time curve waveform and size, minute ventilation (MV), carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient (DCO2), tidal volume (Vt), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure, transcutaneous tissue oxygen / carbon dioxide partial pressure, inhaled NO monitoring concentration, etc.

[0087] The oscillation flow amplitude of high-frequency oscillation ventilation refers to the peak flow difference of the oscillating airflow, that is, the difference between the maximum flow and the minimum flow during airflow oscillation, indicating the magnitude of airflow swing during the respiratory cycle. The oscillation frequency (Hz) of high-frequency oscillation ventilation is the number of oscillations per minute.

[0088] The high-frequency ventilator of this embodiment is based on the working method of the embodiment to realize ventilation work based on flow control. The airway flow output to the patient by the high-frequency ventilator in the expiratory phase and the inspiratory phase is stable, and the output airway flow in different expiratory phases can be the same or different, and the same is true for the inspiratory phase. In addition, within different action time periods, the output gas flow can be periodically switched between different average airway flow levels. The average airway flow is based on the basic average airway flow level, and each average airway flow can be independently adjusted, that is, a high-frequency ventilation method based on flow control.

[0089] The order of the output gas of the ventilator is that the axial flow fan 3 generates a high-speed airflow, which is then concentrated with the oxygen source and the NO source in the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer 5, and the inhaled oxygen concentration and the inhaled NO concentration are adjusted according to the proportional valve 2. The axial flow fan 3 is controlled by the controller 14 to output a high-speed constant airflow of different sizes, which can then be operated normally in different modes through the electromagnetic oscillator 12 or the electromagnetic injection probe 11, and the airway flow is monitored and adjusted by the gas flow monitoring and adjustment device 9, and the impurities in the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas are filtered through the air filter 4, and output to the breathing circuit 10 through the heating and humidification device 8, and the breathing circuit 10 is connected to the patient's airway through the interface with the patient 13. The flow signal acquisition module in the controller feeds back the gas flow signal in the breathing circuit monitored by the flow sensor 7 to the control module to form an airflow closed-loop control system; the pipeline pressure signal acquisition module in the controller feeds back the air pressure signal in the breathing circuit monitored by the pressure sensor to the control module to form an air pressure closed-loop system.

[0090] The basic mean airway flow (BMAF 1, BMAF 2, BMAF3…), the inspiratory phase supported mean airway flow (ISMAF1, ISMAF 2, ISMAF 3…), their respective durations (Duration 1, Duration 2, Duration 3,…), tidal volume (Vt), basic airflow (Bias flow), inspired oxygen concentration (FiO 2), oscillation flow amplitude (ΔF), oscillation frequency (Hz), inspiratory time ratio (1%), inhaled NO concentration, variable flow high-frequency ventilation mode switching module, trigger sensitivity, alarm device and other basic parameters; at the same time, the operating parameters of the high-frequency ventilator and monitoring parameters such as carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient (DCO2) and tidal volume (Vt) are fed back to the human-machine monitoring interface. According to the patient feedback, the flow-time image curve, pressure-time image curve and blood gas analysis results and algorithms fed back by the monitoring system, the high-frequency ventilator parameters are adjusted to achieve the treatment goals under this ventilation mode.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control, characterized in that: The high-frequency ventilator outputs multiple average airway flow rates of the same or different sizes and the same or different action time periods in sequence according to a set periodic rule. The airway flow rates output during the expiratory phase and the inspiratory phase are stable, and the same or different average airway flow rates can be output during different inspiratory phases and expiratory phases. The high-frequency ventilator can independently and periodically adjust the output gas flow rate between different ventilation flow levels during different action time periods. The output gas flow rate can periodically switch between different average airway flow levels during different action time periods. The average airway flow rate is based on the basic average airway flow rate level, and each average airway flow rate can be independently adjusted.

2. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each action time period may include one or more breathing cycles, and the switching of different flow rates is controlled by time, but the breathing switching can be switched by autonomous control or time control.

3. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average expiratory airway flow is at least the basal average airway flow, and the average inspiratory airway flow is the sum of the basal average airway flow and the average inspiratory support airway flow.

4. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The breathing tube of the high-frequency ventilator is connected in parallel with an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator, thus forming three ventilation modes, including high-frequency constant flow ventilation, variable flow high-frequency oscillation ventilation and variable flow high-frequency jet ventilation. The corresponding ventilation mode can be selected according to different needs.

5. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 4, characterized in that: In different ventilation modes, based on multiple basic average airway flows of equal or different sizes, their respective inspiratory phase average support airway flows are superimposed in the inspiratory phase, and ventilation work is performed according to their respective action time periods.

6. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-frequency constant-flow ventilation mode controls and adjusts the output airflow through a controller, and the output flow waveform is a square wave; the variable-flow high-frequency oscillation ventilation mode generates a high-frequency airflow through an electromagnetic high-frequency oscillator and delivers it to the breathing circuit, and the output pressure is a sine wave; the variable-flow high-frequency jet ventilation uses an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector to drive the jet needle to eject a high-frequency airflow into the breathing circuit using electromagnetic force, and the output flow waveform is a triangular wave.

7. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 4, characterized in that: For different ventilation modes, the trigger is the start of control, assistance, support or spontaneous ventilation by the high-frequency ventilator timing or when the inhalation reaches the set flow threshold.

8. A method for operating a high-frequency ventilator based on flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow information is obtained through the flow sensor to generate a flow-time image; the pressure information is obtained through the pressure sensor to generate a pressure-time image, and the airway flow is monitored and adjusted through the gas flow monitoring and adjustment device; Adjust the working parameters of the high-frequency ventilator according to the flow-time image curve, pressure-time image curve and blood gas analysis.

9. A high-frequency ventilator, characterized in that: The high-frequency ventilator works by the high-frequency ventilator working method based on flow control as described in any one of claims 1-8, including a breathing circuit, on which an electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector and an electromagnetic oscillator are installed in parallel, the breathing circuit is connected to the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer through a heating and humidification device, and a pressure sensor and a flow sensor are provided on the pipeline between the air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer and the heating and humidification device, and the sensor and the flow regulation and monitoring device are arranged in parallel; the electromagnetic high-frequency jet connector, the electromagnetic oscillator, the sensor and the flow regulation and monitoring device are connected to the display through a controller.

10. A high frequency ventilator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air-oxygen-nitrogen mixer is connected to the axial flow fan through an air filter.

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