Marine carbon capture absorption tower and ship

Abstract

The carbon capture absorption tower comprises a first tower body and a second tower body, the first tower body and the second tower body are of the same structure, a tail gas inlet and an absorbent outlet are formed in the bottom of the first tower body, an absorbent inlet is formed in the upper portion of the second tower body, and a tail gas outlet is formed in the top of the second tower body. A tail gas outlet in the top of the first tower body is communicated with a tail gas inlet in the bottom of the second tower body. The absorbent outlet of the first tower body is communicated with the absorbent inlet of the second tower body through a pipeline. And an inter-tower pump is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the absorbent outlet of the first tower body with the absorbent inlet of the second tower body. The two absorption towers are connected in series, tail gas passing through the first tower body is discharged from the top and then enters the bottom end of the second tower body for secondary absorption, the contact area of the tail gas, filler and an absorbent is guaranteed, the overall height of the carbon capture system is reduced, the filler height of a single tower is greatly reduced, and the absorption towers are simple in internal structure and convenient to manufacture; the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a ship-based carbon capture absorption tower and a ship. Background Art

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for reducing carbon emissions from ship exhaust are divided into: using low-carbon fuels and new energy fuels to replace fossil fuels, saving energy consumption, and reducing carbon emissions from ship exhaust. Among them, ship exhaust carbon emissions reduction usually adopts a ship carbon capture system, which uses organic amine solution to absorb CO2 in engine exhaust, and then decomposes pure CO2 for storage and utilization. In the process of absorbing CO2, a special structure of absorption tower is required. The tower height that directly affects the absorption efficiency and the tower diameter related to the allowable absorption exhaust flow are both important parameters for its design. In order to meet sufficient carbon capture efficiency, the existing ship carbon capture system design adopts a high tower design for the overall structure; the internal structure is mostly a double-layer packing design, and each layer is composed of packing support, packing, packing compression grid, and liquid distributor. Shanghai China Resources Dadong Shipping Engineering Co., Ltd. has tested and installed a ship carbon capture system on a 14,000TEU large container ship, which has the characteristics of high carbon capture absorption efficiency and high CO2 purity. However, the above carbon capture system is still only suitable for high-power ships. For low-power ships, the above equipment has high power and serious energy consumption problems.

[0004] The invention patent with application number "CN202322313186.3" discloses a vertical multi-layer carbon dioxide capture device, which can switch between mobile and fixed states through switching components, meeting the emission reduction goals of small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve great results with little money. However, the absorption tower of the vertical multi-layer carbon dioxide capture device is too high, and it is not easy to install a high tower on a small-power ship, so the tower height needs to be reduced.

[0005] The carbon capture systems currently available on the market for ships usually use the carbon capture technology from tail gas emissions from land-based thermal power plants, which have the disadvantages of taking up a lot of space, being difficult to get on board, and having low absorption efficiency. The towering carbon capture absorption tower has a high center of gravity and is difficult to fix, making it difficult for ships to pass through bridges. These existing solutions are suitable for ships with large displacement and high engine power, but are not suitable for ships with small displacement and low engine power, such as those operating on inland rivers. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an absorption tower device which is suitable for small-power ships, easy to install and occupies a small area, thereby solving the problem of lack of small-power carbon capture system absorption tower in the current shipping industry.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a marine carbon capture absorption tower, comprising:

[0008] The first tower body and the second tower body adopt the same structure, with a tail gas inlet and an absorbent outlet provided at the bottom, an absorbent inlet provided at the top, and a tail gas outlet provided at the top.

[0009] The tail gas outlet at the top of the first tower body is communicated with the tail gas inlet at the bottom of the second tower body through a pipeline.

[0010] The absorbent outlet of the first tower body is communicated with the absorbent inlet of the second tower body through a pipeline.

[0011] An inter-tower pump is provided on a pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet of the first tower body and the absorbent inlet of the second tower body.

[0012] Preferably, a nozzle is used to spray the absorbent into the first tower body and the second tower body.

[0013] Preferably, the packing sections in the first tower body and the second tower body include a liquid level switch, a packing grid, a packing and a packing support.

[0014] Preferably, the height of the filler inside the first tower body and the second tower body is at least 70% of the absorption rate index of the carbon capture system.

[0015] Preferably, an inter-tower heat exchanger is further provided on the pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet of the first tower body and the absorbent inlet of the second tower body.

[0016] Preferably, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged inside the first tower body and the second tower body.

[0017] Preferably, the exhaust gas inlet of the first tower body is inclined downward.

[0018] Preferably, a wire mesh demister is provided between the absorbent inlet and the tail gas outlet of the first tower body and the second tower body.

[0019] In addition to providing a ship-based carbon capture absorption tower, the present invention further provides a ship provided with the ship-based carbon capture absorption tower.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The present invention provides a marine carbon capture absorption tower and a ship, which adopts a series design of two absorption towers, and the tail gas passing through the first tower body is discharged from the top and then enters the bottom of the second tower body for secondary absorption, thereby ensuring the contact area between the tail gas and the filler and the absorbent, and reducing the overall height of the carbon capture system. By reducing the tower height, the height of the single tower filler is greatly reduced, and the sprayed absorbent can be evenly distributed on the filler without the design of segmented filler, thereby eliminating the liquid distributor, making the internal structure of the absorption tower simple and convenient to manufacture, and reducing costs.

[0022] The internal structure of the absorption tower provided by the present invention is simpler and has low manufacturing difficulty. A double absorption tower series design is adopted to achieve a lower system height, which is more suitable for small ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the carbon capture system absorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an external structural diagram of a single absorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of a single absorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the carbon capture absorption tower in the carbon capture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure, 1 is the first tower body; 2 is the second tower body; 3 is the exhaust gas inlet; 4 is the absorbent outlet; 5 is the absorbent inlet; 6 is the inter-tower pump; 7 is the exhaust gas outlet; 8 is the liquid level switch; 9 is the packing grid; 10 is the packing; 11 is the packing support; 12 is the inter-tower heat exchanger; 13 is the liquid level sensor; 14 is the wire mesh demister; 15 is the nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides a marine carbon capture absorption tower, comprising:

[0030] The first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2 have the same structure. The first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2 are both provided with an exhaust gas inlet 3 and an absorbent outlet 4 at the bottom, an absorbent inlet 5 at the top, and an exhaust gas outlet 6 at the top;

[0031] The tail gas outlet 6 at the top of the first tower body 1 is connected to the tail gas inlet 3 at the bottom of the second tower body 2 through a pipeline;

[0032] The absorbent outlet 4 of the first tower body 1 is connected to the absorbent inlet 5 of the second tower body 2 through a pipeline;

[0033] An inter-tower pump 7 is provided on a pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet 4 of the first tower body 1 and the absorbent inlet 5 of the second tower body 2 .

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a nozzle 15 is used to spray the absorbent into the first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the packing sections in the first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2 include a liquid level switch 8 , a packing grid 9 , a packing 10 and a packing support 11 .

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the filler height inside the first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2 is at least 70% of the absorption rate index of the carbon capture system.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, an inter-tower heat exchanger 12 is further provided on the pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet 4 of the first tower body 1 and the absorbent inlet 5 of the second tower body 2 .

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid level sensor 13, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are disposed inside the first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas inlet 3 of the first tower body 1 is inclined downward.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a wire mesh demister 14 is provided between the absorbent inlet 5 and the tail gas outlet 6 of the first tower body 1 and the second tower body 2 .

[0041] The following is a further description of a marine carbon capture absorption tower provided by the present invention through an example. In this embodiment, the absorption tower adopts Figures 1 to 3 The structure shown:

[0042] The absorbent is sprayed in from the absorbent inlet 5, reaches the absorbent outlet 4 below the first tower body 1, is pumped out through the inter-tower pump 7, passes through the heat exchanger 12, and enters the absorbent inlet 5 of the second tower body 2. The tail gas enters the first tower body from the tail gas inlet 3, flows out from the pipeline connected to the top tail gas outlet 6, flows into the tail gas inlet 3 of the second tower body 2 through the pipeline, and then flows out from the tail gas outlet 6 of the second tower body 2.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the absorption tower part of the carbon capture system is designed with two absorption towers connected in series. The tail gas passing through the first absorption tower is discharged from the top and then enters the bottom of the second absorption tower for secondary absorption. The total height of the fillers inside the two absorption towers meets the system's 70% absorption rate index. The absorbent sprayed in the first absorption tower is collected at the bottom of the tower, cooled and heat exchanged to maintain the optimal absorption temperature, and then sprayed in the second absorption tower for secondary absorption. Compared with existing carbon capture technologies, while ensuring the contact area between the tail gas and the filler and absorbent, it also reduces the overall height of the carbon capture system. At the same time, liquid level sensors 12, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc. are set in the two absorption towers to ensure that the absorption towers can operate stably. As shown Figure 3 As shown, the tail gas inlet 3 at the bottom of the absorption tower is designed to enter at an angle of 15° downward to increase the tail gas carbon capture absorption rate. After reducing the tower height, the height of the single tower packing is greatly reduced, and the sprayed absorbent can be evenly distributed on the packing without the design of segmented packing, thereby eliminating the liquid distributor, making the internal structure of the absorption tower simple and convenient to manufacture, and reducing costs. In this embodiment, a wire mesh demister 14 is set at the top of the tower to prevent the tail gas from taking away a large amount of absorbent, resulting in the loss of absorbent.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, in addition to providing a ship-mounted carbon capture absorption tower, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a ship equipped with the ship-mounted carbon capture absorption tower. Figure 4 In the figure, the framed part is where the carbon capture absorption tower is set up.

[0045] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine carbon capture absorption tower, characterized in that: The carbon capture absorption tower comprises: A first tower body (1) and a second tower body (2), wherein the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2) have the same structure, a tail gas inlet (3) and an absorbent outlet (4) are arranged at the bottom, an absorbent inlet (5) is arranged at the top, and a tail gas outlet (6) is arranged at the top; The tail gas outlet (6) at the top of the first tower body (1) is connected to the tail gas inlet (3) at the bottom of the second tower body (2) through a pipeline; The absorbent outlet (4) of the first tower body (1) is connected to the absorbent inlet (5) of the second tower body (2) through a pipeline; An inter-tower pump (7) is provided on a pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet (4) of the first tower body (1) and the absorbent inlet (5) of the second tower body (2).

2. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbent is sprayed into the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2) using a spray head (15).

3. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The packing sections in the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2) include a liquid level switch (8), a packing grid (9), a packing (10) and a packing support (11).

4. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the fillers inside the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2) is at least 70% of the absorption rate index of the carbon capture system.

5. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An inter-tower heat exchanger (12) is also provided on the pipeline connecting the absorbent outlet (4) of the first tower body (1) and the absorbent inlet (5) of the second tower body (2).

6. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor (13), a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged inside the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2).

7. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The tail gas inlet (3) of the first tower body (1) is inclined downward.

8. A marine carbon capture absorption tower as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A wire mesh demister (14) is provided between the absorbent inlet (5) and the tail gas outlet (6) of the first tower body (1) and the second tower body (2).

9. A ship equipped with a carbon capture system, characterized in that: The carbon capture system is provided with the carbon capture absorption tower according to any one of claims 1-8.

Images