Manufacturing and processing technology of aluminum profile hot extrusion die for new energy automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy automobile aluminum profile hot extrusion die manufacturing and machining process, the die comprises an upper die and a lower die which are matched with each other, an annular hole is formed in the side, away from the lower die, of the upper die, a plurality of flow dividing bridges are arranged in the annular hole, and the annular hole is divided into a plurality of flow dividing holes by the flow dividing bridges; a back hole is formed in the center of the annular hole. The machining process of the upper die comprises the following steps that firstly, a numerical control lathe is used for turning the boundary dimension; step 2, milling the sizes of the shunting hole, the work head, the back hole and the drainage channel in place by using five-axis CNC (computer numerical control); thirdly, according to the datum line, the water hole is machined through linear cutting; fourthly, the ribs are machined through linear cutting, and drainage is conducted at a small number of corners through electric spark machining after cutting is completed; 5, heat treatment is conducted after inspection is qualified; and 6, finally, finish machining is conducted through CNC, linear cutting and electric spark. The method has the beneficial effect that the working efficiency and the machining precision can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to the manufacturing and processing of aluminum profile hot extrusion dies, and in particular to a manufacturing and processing technology of aluminum profile hot extrusion dies for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] As a key link in the manufacturing process of new energy vehicles, the definition and classification of the hot extrusion die manufacturing process for new energy vehicle profiles is of great significance for the exploration and practice of the entire process. Simply put, the hot extrusion die manufacturing process refers to a process method that shapes metal materials into the desired shape and size by extrusion under high temperature conditions. In the field of new energy vehicles, this process is widely used in the production of key components such as battery shells and frames.

[0003] Die design is a key link in the hot extrusion process of new energy vehicle profiles. Its basic principles directly determine the performance, life of the die and the quality of the final product.

[0004] In the traditional processing and manufacturing of molds, due to the complex structure of the mold, the back hole and the drainage of the upper mold are all processed by electric sparks, and there are many manual processing methods. In addition, there is no more intuitive proofreading standard when processing water holes. Various reasons lead to deviations in processing dimensions, which is not conducive to improving work efficiency and processing accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art that mold processing is not conducive to improving work efficiency and processing accuracy, and provides a manufacturing process for hot extrusion molds for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles that is conducive to improving work efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles, the die comprising an upper die and a lower die that cooperate with each other, an annular hole is provided on one side of the upper die away from the lower die, a plurality of shunt bridges are arranged inside the annular hole, the two ends of the shunt bridges are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the annular hole, the plurality of shunt bridges divide the annular hole into a plurality of shunt holes, a back hole is provided at the center of the annular hole, a foreman is protrudingly provided at the center of one side of the upper die close to the lower die, a plurality of shunt holes are distributed in the circumference of the foreman, a plurality of water holes connected to the back hole are provided in the foreman, a plurality of drainage channels and reference lines corresponding to the edges of the water holes are provided on the foreman, ribs are protruding on the left and right side walls of the drainage channel, one side of the lower die matches the upper die and is provided with a welding chamber, the other side corresponding to the lower die is provided with a rear hollow knife corresponding to the foreman, a die hole connected to the welding chamber and matching the foreman is provided in the rear hollow knife, the manufacturing process of the die comprises an upper die processing process and a lower die processing process, and the upper die processing process comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use CNC lathe to machine the outer dimensions; Step 2: Use five-axis CNC to mill the size of the diversion hole, foreman, back hole and drainage channel respectively; Step 3, according to the reference line, process the water hole by wire cutting; Step 4: Process the ribs by wire cutting, and then use electric spark machining to drain a small amount of corners after cutting; Step 5: After all processes are completed as required and passed the inspection, heat treatment is carried out; Step six, final finishing by CNC, wire cutting and EDM; The lower die processing process comprises the following steps: Step A, use CNC lathe to turn the outer dimensions; Step B, the welding chamber is first milled by a five-axis CNC, and then the back milling is performed by an empty cutter; Step C, heat treatment; Step D, finishing by five-axis CNC, wire cutting and wire-cutting equipment; Step E, performing assembly inspection on the upper die and the lower die.

[0007] The mold comprises an upper mold and a lower mold which cooperate with each other, an annular hole is provided on a side of the upper mold away from the lower mold, a plurality of diversion bridges are arranged inside the annular hole, two ends of the diversion bridges are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the annular hole, and the plurality of diversion bridges divide the annular hole into a plurality of diversion holes, a back hole is provided in the center of the annular hole, a foreman is protrudingly provided at the center of one side of the upper mold close to the lower mold, and a plurality of diversion holes are distributed in the circumference of the foreman, a plurality of water holes connected with the back hole are provided in the foreman, a plurality of drainage channels and reference lines corresponding to the edges of the water holes are provided on the foreman, ribs are protruding on the left and right side walls of the drainage channel, one side of the lower mold matches the upper mold and is provided with a welding chamber, the other side corresponding to the lower mold is provided with a rear hollow knife corresponding to the foreman, a mold hole connected with the welding chamber and matching with the foreman is provided in the rear hollow knife, and the manufacturing process of the mold comprises an upper mold processing process and a lower mold processing process, and the upper mold processing process comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use CNC lathe to machine the outer dimensions; Step 2: Use five-axis CNC to mill the sizes of the diversion hole, foreman, back hole and drainage channel respectively; the back hole is directly milled by the five-axis machining center, avoiding the disadvantages of traditional EDM, which takes a long time and has different sizes; the drainage of the upper mold is milled by the five-axis machining center, and EDM is no longer used, which improves the processing speed and accuracy; Step 3: Process the water hole by wire cutting according to the reference line. By setting the reference line, the water hole can be calibrated more intuitively and the processed size is more accurate. Step 4: Process the ribs by wire cutting, and then use electric spark machining to drain a small amount of corners after cutting; Step 5: After all processes are completed as required and passed the inspection, heat treatment is carried out; Step six, finally, fine machining is carried out through CNC, wire cutting and EDM; after the current process change, most of the work is completed before heat treatment, which has changed the previous method of mainly processing after heat treatment. Now there is less margin left for fine machining, the processing is faster, the size is more accurate, and less manual processing is required, which reduces manpower and ultimately achieves the goal of improving work efficiency and machining accuracy. The lower die processing process comprises the following steps: Step A, use CNC lathe to turn the outer dimensions; Step B, the welding chamber is first milled by a five-axis CNC, and then the back milling is performed by an empty cutter; Step C, heat treatment; Step D, finishing by five-axis CNC, wire cutting and wire-cutting equipment; Step E, performing assembly inspection on the upper die and the lower die.

[0008] Through the above-mentioned processing steps of the mold, the manual processing method is reduced, and more mechanical processing is used to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the size, ultimately achieving the purpose of improving work efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0009] When the mold is in use, the aluminum flows through the annular hole of the upper mold to the lower mold. During this process, the aluminum flow is first blocked by the diversion bridge, and then dispersed through several diversion holes into the welding chamber to ensure a smooth flow rate of the aluminum flow.

[0010] Preferably, in the heat treatment of the upper die processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 51-52, tempering is performed 5 times, and each time is kept at 480°C for 8 hours to ensure that the foreman will not deform or swing.

[0011] Preferably, in the upper mold processing technology, when processing the ribs by wire cutting, a deformation amount of 0.5 mm needs to be reserved to account for the deformation amount of the preheating treatment.

[0012] Preferably, in the heat treatment of the lower mold processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 48.5-49.5, tempering is performed 5 times, and each time the temperature is kept at 480°C for 8 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the shunt bridge is arranged obliquely, and the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular hole and the foreman is greater than the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular hole and the foreman. The design of the shunt bridge and the back hole is conducive to reducing the impact force of the aluminum flow on the upper mold, and effectively ensuring the tensile strength of the upper mold.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the diverter bridge is far from the lower die, the bottom of the diverter bridge is close to the lower die, and the width of the diverter bridge gradually decreases from the top far from the lower die to the bottom. This design allows the pressure to be evenly shared when multiple aluminum flows formed by a number of diverter holes flow to the welding chamber together, so that the aluminum flow in the welding chamber is adequately supplied and can flow to the die hole evenly and stably, thereby improving product quality.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of reference lines are distributed along the direction of the drainage channel, and are distributed in pairs on the left and right sides of the corresponding drainage channel, so that the calibration can be better and more intuitive when processing the water hole, and the processing size is more accurate.

[0016] Preferably, the rear empty knife is provided with a primary empty knife line, a secondary empty knife line and a rear empty knife line from the inside to the outside, the front end of the die hole is connected to the welding chamber, and the primary empty knife line is located at the rear end of the die hole.

[0017] Preferably, the front of the welding chamber is close to the upper mold, the rear of the welding chamber is far away from the upper mold, a working belt is provided at the rear of the welding chamber, and the first-level empty knife line is located on the working belt.

[0018] As a preferred method, in the lower die processing technology, the milling back empty cut is performed according to the back empty cut line, the secondary empty cut line and the primary empty cut line, wherein the primary empty cut line is processed by five-axis CNC after the tool path is drawn by three-dimensional modeling according to the high and low points of the working belt. This avoids the re-processing of electric sparks, reduces the process and improves the precision.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it avoids the disadvantages of traditional electric spark drilling, which takes a long time and has different sizes; it improves the processing speed and accuracy; by setting a reference line, the calibration can be better and more intuitive when processing the water hole, and the processing size is more accurate; after the current process is changed, most of the work is completed before heat treatment, which changes the previous method of mainly processing after heat treatment. Now there is less margin for fine processing, the processing is faster, the size is more accurate, and less manual processing is required, which reduces manpower and ultimately achieves the purpose of improving work efficiency and processing accuracy; it ensures that the flow rate of the aluminum flow is smooth; it ensures that the foreman will not deform and swing; the design of the diverter bridge and the back hole is conducive to reducing the impact force of the aluminum flow on the upper die, and effectively ensures the tensile strength of the upper die; when multiple aluminum flows formed by a number of diverter holes flow to the welding chamber together, the pressure is evenly shared, so that the aluminum flow in the welding chamber is adequately supplied and can flow to the die hole evenly and stably, thereby improving product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mold in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the upper die; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Left view of Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the foreman; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the lower die; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Left view of Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the empty knife behind the lower die; Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the working belt.

[0021] In the figure: 1. upper die, 2. lower die, 3. annular hole, 4. diverter bridge, 5. diverter hole, 6. back hole, 7. foreman, 8. water hole, 9. drainage channel, 10. reference line, 11. rib, 12. welding chamber, 13. rear empty knife, 14. die hole, 15. primary empty knife line, 16. secondary empty knife line, 17. rear empty knife line, 18. working belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, a hot extrusion die manufacturing process for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles is provided. The die includes an upper die 1 and a lower die 2 that cooperate with each other. An annular hole 3 is provided on the side of the upper die 1 away from the lower die 2. A plurality of shunt bridges 4 are provided inside the annular hole 3. The two ends of the shunt bridge 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the annular hole 3. The plurality of shunt bridges 4 divide the annular hole 3 into a plurality of shunt holes 5. A back hole 6 is provided in the center of the annular hole 3. A foreman 7 is protruding from the center of one side of the upper die 1 close to the lower die 2. The plurality of shunt holes 5 are distributed around the foreman 7. There are several water holes 8 connected with the back hole 6, and the foreman 7 is provided with several drainage channels 9 and reference lines 10 corresponding to the edges of the water holes 8. The left and right side walls of the drainage channel 9 are both protruding with ribs 11. One side of the lower mold 2 matches the upper mold 1 and is provided with a welding chamber 12. The other side corresponding to the lower mold 2 is provided with a rear hollow knife 13 corresponding to the foreman 7. The rear hollow knife 13 is provided with a mold hole 14 connected with the welding chamber 12 and matched with the foreman 7. The manufacturing process of the mold includes the upper mold 1 processing process and the lower mold 2 processing process. The upper mold 1 processing process includes the following steps: Step 1: Use CNC lathe to machine the outer dimensions; Step 2: Use five-axis CNC to mill the sizes of the diverter hole 5, the foreman 7, the back hole 6 and the drainage channel 9 respectively; the back hole 6 is directly milled by the five-axis machining center, avoiding the disadvantages of the traditional electric spark, which takes a long time and has different sizes; the drainage of the upper mold 1 is milled by the five-axis machining center, and no longer uses electric spark machining, which improves the processing speed and accuracy; Step three, according to the reference line 10, the water hole 8 is processed by wire cutting; by setting the reference line 10, the calibration can be better and more intuitive when processing the water hole 8, and the processed size is more accurate; Step 4, the ribs 11 are processed by wire cutting, and then a small amount of drainage is conducted by electric spark machining at the edges and corners after cutting; Step 5: After all processes are completed as required and passed the inspection, heat treatment is carried out; Step six, finally, fine machining is carried out through CNC, wire cutting and EDM; after the current process change, most of the work is completed before heat treatment, which has changed the previous method of mainly processing after heat treatment. Now there is less margin left for fine machining, the processing is faster, the size is more accurate, and less manual processing is required, which reduces manpower and ultimately achieves the goal of improving work efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0024] The processing technology of the lower mold 2 includes the following steps: Step A, use CNC lathe to turn the outer dimensions; Step B, using a five-axis CNC to first mill the welding chamber 12, and then mill the back empty cutter 13; Step C, heat treatment; Step D, finishing by five-axis CNC, wire cutting and wire-cutting equipment; Step E: performing assembly inspection on the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2.

[0025] In the heat treatment of the upper mold 1 processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 51-52, tempering 5 times, each time at 480℃ for 8 hours.

[0026] In the processing technology of the upper mold 1, when the rib 11 is processed by wire cutting, a deformation amount of 0.5 mm needs to be reserved.

[0027] In the heat treatment of the lower mold 2 processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 48.5-49.5, tempering 5 times, each time at 480℃ for 8 hours.

[0028] Through the above-mentioned processing steps of the mold, the manual processing method is reduced, and more mechanical processing is used to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the size, ultimately achieving the purpose of improving work efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shunt bridge 4 is arranged obliquely, and the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge 4 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular hole 3 and the foreman 7 is greater than the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge 4 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular hole 3 and the foreman 7.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the shunt bridge 4 is far away from the lower mold 2, and the bottom of the shunt bridge 4 is close to the lower mold 2. The width of the shunt bridge 4 gradually decreases from the top far away from the lower mold 2 to the bottom.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of reference lines 10 are distributed along the direction of the drainage channel 9 , and are distributed in pairs on the left and right sides of the corresponding drainage channel 9 .

[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, the rear empty knife 13 is provided with a primary empty knife line 15, a secondary empty knife line 16 and a rear empty knife line 17 from the inside to the outside, the front end of the die hole 14 is connected to the welding chamber 12, and the primary empty knife line 15 is located at the rear end of the die hole 14.

[0033] like Figure 8As shown, the front of the welding chamber 12 is close to the upper mold 1, and the rear of the welding chamber 12 is far away from the upper mold 1. A working belt 18 is provided at the rear of the welding chamber 12, and the primary empty knife line 15 is located on the working belt 18. In the processing technology of the lower mold 2, the rear empty knife 13 is milled according to the rear empty knife line 17, the secondary empty knife line 16 and the primary empty knife line 15 respectively, wherein the primary empty knife line 15 is processed by five-axis CNC after the tool path is drawn according to the high and low points of the working belt 18 by three-dimensional modeling, thereby avoiding the re-processing of electric sparks, reducing the process and improving the precision.

[0034] When the mold is in use, the aluminum flows through the annular hole 3 of the upper mold 1 to the lower mold 2. During this process, the aluminum flow is first blocked by the diverter bridge 4, and then dispersed through a number of diverter holes 5 to enter the welding chamber 12 to ensure that the aluminum flow rate is smooth. The design of the diverter bridge 4 and the back hole 6 is conducive to reducing the impact of the aluminum flow on the upper mold 1, and effectively ensuring the tensile strength of the upper mold 1. The width of the diverter bridge 4 gradually decreases from the top away from the lower mold 2 to its bottom, so that when multiple aluminum flows formed by a number of diverter holes 5 flow to the welding chamber 12 together, the pressure is evenly shared, so that the aluminum flow in the welding chamber 12 is adequately supplied and can flow to the mold hole 14 evenly and stably, improving product quality.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for hot extrusion dies for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The mold comprises an upper mold (1) and a lower mold (2) which cooperate with each other. A circular hole (3) is provided on a side of the upper mold (1) away from the lower mold (2). A plurality of diversion bridges (4) are arranged inside the circular hole (3). The two ends of the diversion bridge (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the circular hole (3). The plurality of diversion bridges (4) divide the circular hole (3) into a plurality of diversion holes (5). A back hole (6) is provided at the center of the circular hole (3). A foreman (7) is protrudingly provided at the center of a side of the upper mold (1) close to the lower mold (2). The plurality of diversion holes (5) are distributed around the foreman (7). The foreman (7) is provided with a plurality of water holes connected to the back hole (6). (8), the foreman (7) is provided with a plurality of drainage channels (9) and a reference line (10) corresponding to the edge of the water hole (8), and ribs (11) are protruding from the left and right side walls of the drainage channel (9), one side of the lower mold (2) matches the upper mold (1) and is provided with a welding chamber (12), and the other side corresponding to the lower mold (2) is provided with a rear hollow knife (13) corresponding to the foreman (7), and a mold hole (14) connected to the welding chamber (12) and matching the foreman (7) is provided in the rear hollow knife (13), and the manufacturing process of the mold includes the upper mold (1) processing process and the lower mold (2) processing process, and the upper mold (1) processing process includes the following steps: Step 1: Use CNC lathe to machine the outer dimensions; Step 2: Use a five-axis CNC to mill the diverter hole (5), the foreman (7), the back hole (6) and the drainage channel (9) into the desired size; Step 3, machining the water hole (8) by wire cutting according to the reference line (10); Step 4, machining the ribs (11) by wire cutting, and then machining a small amount of drainage at the corners by electric spark machining after cutting; Step 5: After all processes are completed as required and passed the inspection, heat treatment is carried out; Step six, final finishing by CNC, wire cutting and EDM; The processing technology of the lower mold (2) comprises the following steps: Step A, use CNC lathe to turn the outer dimensions; Step B, using a five-axis CNC to first mill the welding chamber (12), and then mill the back-end empty cutter (13); Step C, heat treatment; Step D, finishing by five-axis CNC, wire cutting and wire-cutting equipment; Step E: performing assembly inspection on the upper mold (1) and the lower mold (2).

2. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the heat treatment of the upper mold (1) processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 51-52, and tempering is performed 5 times, each time at 480°C for 8 hours.

3. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the processing technology of the upper die (1), when the rib (11) is processed by wire cutting, a deformation amount of 0.5 mm needs to be reserved.

4. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the heat treatment of the lower die (2) processing technology, the hardness requirement is HRC: 48.5-49.5, and tempering is performed 5 times, each time at 480°C for 8 hours.

5. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shunt bridge (4) is arranged obliquely, and the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge (4) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular hole (3) and the foreman (7) is greater than the vertical distance between the end of the shunt bridge (4) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular hole (3) and the foreman (7).

6. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the diverter bridge (4) is far away from the lower mold (2), the bottom of the diverter bridge (4) is close to the lower mold (2), and the width of the diverter bridge (4) gradually decreases from the top far away from the lower mold (2) to the bottom.

7. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of reference lines (10) are distributed along the direction of the drainage channel (9), and are distributed in pairs on the left and right sides of the corresponding drainage channel (9).

8. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear empty knife (13) is provided with a primary empty knife line (15), a secondary empty knife line (16) and a rear empty knife line (17) in sequence from the inside to the outside; the front end of the die hole (14) is connected to the welding chamber (12); and the primary empty knife line (15) is located at the rear end of the die hole (14).

9. The manufacturing process of a hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The front of the welding chamber (12) is close to the upper mold (1), and the rear of the welding chamber (12) is far away from the upper mold (1). A working belt (18) is provided at the rear of the welding chamber (12), and the first-level empty knife line (15) is located on the working belt (18).

10. The manufacturing process of the hot extrusion die for aluminum profiles for new energy vehicles according to claim 9 is characterized in that: In the processing technology of the lower die (2), the milling of the rear empty cutter (13) is performed according to the rear empty cutter line (17), the secondary empty cutter line (16) and the primary empty cutter line (15), wherein the primary empty cutter line (15) is formed by three-dimensional modeling according to the high and low points of the working zone (18) and then processed by five-axis CNC.

Images