A composite cutter head for energetic material cutting and recycling

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of mechanical processing of energetic materials, and particularly relates to a composite cutter head for cutting and recycling of energetic materials, which comprises a cutter assembly and a cutter handle assembly, the cutter assembly is installed on the cutter handle assembly, the cutter handle assembly is installed at the end of a feeding transmission shaft, and cooling pipelines are arranged inside the cutter assembly and the cutter handle assembly for heat dissipation of various cutters in the cutter assembly during cutting. Compared with the prior art, the present application can increase the single cutting amount by increasing the number of cutters while ensuring the single-edge back engagement amount of the blade, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Meanwhile, the cutting parameters of the processing cutter remain unchanged, no large change in the surface quality of the product is caused, the cutting force is relatively dispersed, and no excessive temperature change is caused. Meanwhile, the positions of different cutters can be adjusted, the cutter head is internally cooled, the temperature of the cutting position can be monitored in real time during cutting, and thus the control system can make response adjustment on the cutting parameters according to the temperature characteristic value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energetic material machining, in particular to a composite cutter head for cutting and recycling energetic materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] Unlike ordinary metal and non-metal materials, energetic materials have both brittleness and viscoelasticity, which makes their machining characteristics very different from conventional metal machining. Metal cutters are commonly used in energetic material machining, but the machining speed is limited by safety, machining quality, and tool parameters, which limits the machining efficiency, and the cooling method is external cooling, which affects the performance of the energetic material. The existing machining cutter heads for energetic materials generally have low machining efficiency, the tool position cannot be adjusted, the tool is not easy to replace after damage, and the cutter head cannot be internally cooled.

[0003] During the cutting process of energetic materials, due to the characteristics of the energetic materials themselves and the deformation and vibration during machining, a large amount of cutting heat will suddenly generate a transient high-temperature pulse. When this transient high temperature exceeds a certain range, it will catch fire and cause a major accident. Therefore, quickly and accurately measuring the dynamic temperature of the energetic material during machining is of great significance to the safety and efficient production of the national defense and military departments.

[0004] In view of the above problems, in view of the machining requirements of energetic materials, the present application develops a composite cutter head that can quickly and accurately measure the temperature of the cutting area and effectively improve the machining efficiency of the product and has an internal circulation cooling function. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, in order to improve the efficiency and safety of energetic material machining, a composite cutter head for cutting and recycling energetic materials is provided, which can increase the single cutting amount by increasing the number of tools while ensuring the single edge tool engagement amount, thereby improving the machining efficiency. At the same time, the machining tool cutting parameters remain unchanged, which does not cause significant changes in the surface quality of the product, and the cutting force is relatively dispersed, which does not produce excessive temperature changes. At the same time, the positions of different tools can be adjusted, the cutter head is internally cooled, and the temperature of the cutting position can be monitored in real time during the cutting process, so that the control system can respond to the adjustment of the cutting parameters according to the temperature characteristic value.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present application is a composite cutter head for cutting and recycling energetic materials, which comprises a tool assembly and a tool holder assembly, the tool assembly is installed on the tool holder assembly, the tool holder assembly is installed at the end of the feed transmission shaft, and cooling pipes are arranged inside the tool assembly and the tool holder assembly for heat dissipation of various tools in the tool assembly during cutting.

[0007] The tool holder assembly comprises a tool holder base; one end of the tool holder base is fixedly connected with the tool assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected with an external transmission rod.

[0008] The tool assembly comprises a blade, a cutter head and a blade fixing base; the blade comprises a milling cutter, an inclined scraper and a vertical scraper; the blade fixing base 7 is fixedly installed on the cutter head; the milling cutter is fixed on the blade fixing base; the cutting edge of the milling cutter is parallel to the plane of the cutter head; the inclined scraper and the vertical scraper are fixedly installed in the cutter head clamping groove; the cutting edge of the inclined scraper is parallel to the plane of the cutter head; the cutting edge of the vertical scraper is perpendicular to the plane of the cutter head; and the cutter head is fixedly connected with the tool holder base.

[0009] The cooling pipeline comprises an inlet pipeline, a shunt pipeline, a main pipeline and an outlet pipeline; the tool holder base is provided with the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline; the cutter head is provided with the shunt pipeline and the main pipeline, and the main pipeline is located directly below the blade; one end of the inlet pipeline in the tool holder base is connected with the inlet pipeline in the transmission rod, and the other end is connected with the shunt pipeline; the shunt pipeline is in communication with the main pipeline; one end of the outlet pipeline in the tool holder base is connected with the shunt pipeline, and the other end is connected with the outlet pipeline in the transmission rod.

[0010] An O-shaped sealing ring is arranged at the connection between the cutter head and the internal cooling pipeline of the tool holder base.

[0011] The inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the tool holder base and the inlet cooling pipeline and the outlet cooling pipeline of the transmission rod are in communication through a transition joint, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the transition joint to ensure the communication and sealing of the pipelines.

[0012] A cover is arranged on the cutter head, and the cover covers the connecting part between the cutter head and the tool holder base to form a sealing protection.

[0013] A temperature sensor mounting hole is arranged in the cutter head to mount a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor feeds back the detected temperature in real time in the actual machining process.

[0014] The pipelines are blocked by a plug and curing glue at the position where the pipelines contact with the external air, and the end of the transition hole is blocked by a plug and curing glue; the main pipelines are connected through the transition holes, and the end of the transition hole is blocked by a plug and curing glue to form a complete cooling loop.

[0015] The milling cutter and the inclined scraper are arranged and combined to fully cover the radius direction of the cutter head, the spacing between the adjacent two blades of each cutting edge is adjusted, and the effective cutting amount when different cutting edges cut at the same time is controlled.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) the cutter assembly of the present application, through the combination of a plurality of inserts, ensures that the single edge of the insert is back to the amount of cutting, and increases the single cutting amount by increasing the number of knives, improves the processing efficiency, at the same time, ensures that the cutting parameters of the processing cutter do not change, does not cause the surface quality of the product to change greatly, and the cutting force is relatively dispersed, and does not produce excessive temperature change. The installation distance of each insert can be adjusted according to the diameter of the energy-containing material to be processed and recovered.

[0018] (2) the cutter assembly and the shank assembly of the composite cutter head of the present application are provided with cooling pipelines inside, which are used for cutter cooling during cutting process; and O-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the cooling pipelines of the present application, thereby ensuring the sealing property of the pipelines.

[0019] (3) the temperature sensor is arranged on the cutter head of the composite cutter head of the present application, which is used for feeding back the temperature to the control system of the energy-containing material cutting and recycling system, adjusting and controlling the cutting speed, the amount of cutting, the feeding speed, the cooling medium flow, and when the temperature reaches the early warning value, stopping the rest of the equipment and issuing an alarm in addition to cooling, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the cutting process.

[0020] (4) the inserts in the cutter assembly of the present application adopt a quick dismounting and mounting form, and if a certain insert is worn, it can be dismounted and replaced alone, without affecting other cutters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a composite cutter head for processing energy-containing materials according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line A-A in Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a cooling pipeline of a composite cutter head for processing energy-containing materials according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line C-C in Figure 3 .

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a clamping groove of a composite cutter head for processing energy-containing materials according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Fig. 1 is a cutter head, 2 is a cutter holder, 3 is a milling cutter, 4 is a temperature sensor, 5 is a bevel scraper, 6 is a vertical cutter, 7 is a cutter fixing seat, 8 is a cover, 9 is a locking screw, 10 is a plug, 11 is a key-shaped screw, 12 is a transmission rod, 13 is an O-shaped sealing ring, 14 is a transition joint, and 15 is a positioning locking screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a reference to the presence of a feature, step, operation, device, component, and / or other combination.

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] As shown in the drawings, a composite cutter head for cutting and recycling energetic materials includes a cutter assembly and a cutter holder assembly. Figures 1-2

[0032] The cutter holder assembly includes a cutter holder 2, a transition joint 14, a locking positioning screw 15, and an O-shaped sealing ring 13.

[0033] The cutter holder 2 is a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical shape at the end, and two positioning holes perpendicular to the axial direction of the cutter holder 2 are provided in the cutter holder 2 for installing the locking positioning screw 15; the cutter holder 2 is locked and positioned by the locking positioning screw 15 and the external transmission rod 12 (the external transmission rod 12 is a transmission shaft of the feed transmission assembly, used for displacement feeding and transmission of cutting power); there is a cylindrical hole at the bottom of the end of the cutter holder 2 for installing the transition joint 14, and the transition joint is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring 13.

[0034] The cutter assembly includes a cutter, a cutter fixing seat 7, a cutter head 1, and a locking screw 9; the cutter head 1 is fixedly connected to the cutter holder 2 by the locking screw 9. The cutter head 1 is symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction and is provided with a clamping groove. The cutter includes a plurality of milling cutters 3, bevel scrapers 5, and vertical cutters 6; the cutter fixing seat 7 is installed in the inclined clamping groove of the cutter head 1 by a pressing screw; the milling cutter 3 is fixed on the cutter fixing seat 7 by a key-shaped numerical control screw 11, the bevel scraper 5 is fixedly installed in the vertical clamping groove of the cutter head 1 by a pressing screw, and the vertical cutter 6 is installed in the inclined clamping groove of the cutter head 1 by a pressing screw. ​

[0035] Specifically, the number of milling blades 3 can be set according to actual needs and specific circumstances, and the setting principle is that the cutting force of the set number of milling blades cannot cause abnormal conditions such as overall fracture and surface crack of the processed product, nor can it cause clamping failure. At the same time, the milling blades 3 can completely cut the entire circular surface without interference between adjacent two blades during installation, that is, the milling blades 3 can be arranged at different positions in the diameter direction of the circular surface to cut the entire circular surface, so as to meet different processing needs. The setting principle of the bevel scraper 5 is the same as that of the milling blade 3. The setting principle of the vertical cutter 6 is that the position of the tip of the vertical cutter 6 needs to be in the cutting range of the milling blades 3 and the bevel scrapers 5. The main function of the vertical cutter 6 is to pretreat the material surface in advance, release the internal stress of the material, and reduce the temperature rise caused by the sudden release of stress due to the hard and brittle nature of the energetic material.

[0036] The three blades are arranged in a straight line along the diameter direction. The milling blades 3 and the bevel scrapers 5 can be fully covered in the radial direction of the cutter head through arrangement and combination. According to the processing needs, the spacing between the adjacent two blades of each blade can be set, that is, the effective cutting amount when different blades cut at the same time can be controlled. When there is no overlap between the blades, the maximum single-blade cutting amount allowed by the energetic material can be realized. By controlling the spacing between the blades, the effective cutting amount can be controlled by the amount of overlap to meet different cutting needs.

[0037] The milling blades 3, the vertical cutter 6, and the bevel scrapers 5 can be quickly installed and fixed in the clamping slots of the cutter head 1. If a certain blade is worn out, it can be replaced alone without affecting other tools.

[0038] The composite cutter head for processing energetic materials is used for processing the end face structure of energetic materials. The milling blades 3, the vertical cutter 6, and the bevel scrapers 5 are used in combination and participate in cutting processing at the same time. The number and spacing of the blades installed in the diameter direction can be adjusted according to the diameter size of the energetic material to be processed, so as to achieve the effect of combined cutting. During combined cutting, the tip of the vertical cutter 6 is the first to contact the material surface, followed by the milling blades 3 and the bevel scrapers 5. Because they are arranged in a straight line in the diameter direction, there is partial overlap between the blades, but the function of overall processing of the circular surface can still be completed. The blades located in the middle of the cutter head 1 process the end face at the same time, and the middle blades are used to ensure smooth transition during end face processing.

[0039] The tool assembly further includes a cover 8. The cutter head 1 is fixed with the tool holder 2 by a round hole positioning screw locking method, and the cover 8 is installed on the countersunk hole of the fixing screw to form a sealed protection to prevent material cutting from entering the countersunk hole.

[0040] As Figure 3As shown, the tool assembly and the tool holder assembly of the composite cutter head are internally provided with cooling pipelines, the cooling pipelines include inlet pipeline ①, shunt pipeline ②, main pipeline ③, outlet pipeline ④, the inlet pipeline ① and the outlet pipeline ④ are arranged in the tool holder seat 2, the shunt pipeline ② and the main pipeline ③ are arranged on the cutter head 1, and the main pipeline ③ is located directly below the blade; one end of the inlet pipeline ① in the tool holder seat 2 is connected with the inlet pipeline in the transmission rod 12, and the other end is connected with the shunt pipeline ②, the shunt pipeline ② is communicated with the main pipeline ③, one end of the outlet pipeline ④ in the tool holder seat 2 is connected with the shunt pipeline ②, and the other end is connected with the outlet pipeline in the transmission rod 12 outside.

[0041] Among them, the shunt pipeline contacts the cutter head 1 as much as possible to ensure that each blade can be cooled by the cutter head 1 through the cooling medium, so as to directly cool the tool installed on the cutter head 1 and take away the temperature of the material chips in contact with the cutter head 1. Among them, the main pipeline ③ and the shunt pipeline ② are distributed in an up-down manner on the cutter head 1 (see Figure 3 ), the transition hole is blocked at the end by the plug 10 cooperated with the curing glue, the main pipeline ③ is arranged horizontally inside the cutter head 1 and connected by the transition hole, the transition hole is blocked at the end by the plug 10 cooperated with the curing glue, and a complete cooling loop is formed.

[0042] The cutter head 1 is fixed with the tool holder seat 2 by the positioning screw locking mode, at this time, the cooling pipelines in the tool holder seat 2 are communicated with the cooling pipelines in the cutter head 1, and the O-shaped sealing ring 13 is arranged to ensure the communication and sealing of the pipelines. The inlet pipeline ①, the outlet pipeline ④ of the tool holder seat 2 and the inlet cooling pipeline and the outlet cooling pipeline of the transmission rod 12 are communicated through the transition joint 14, and the O-shaped sealing ring 13 is arranged on the transition joint 14 to ensure the communication and sealing of the pipelines.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cooling medium in the cooling pipeline can be selected according to the characteristics of the processed energetic materials, such as low-temperature gas or liquid medium. The low-temperature gas is usually selected as gaseous medium after the gasification device of liquid nitrogen or dry ice (-190℃ or about -50℃), and the liquid medium is usually selected as low-temperature pure water (4-10℃) after treatment, so as not to affect the characteristics of the energetic materials and subsequent processing.

[0044] As another embodiment of the present application, the three blades are used in the following ways: the milling cutter 3 is used alone, the bevel scraper 5 is used alone, the vertical cutter 6 and the milling cutter 3 are combined, and the vertical cutter 6 and the bevel scraper 5 are combined. When combined, the tip height of the vertical cutter 6 is slightly higher than the milling cutter 3 and the bevel scraper 5, that is, when processing the material surface of the energetic material, the vertical cutter 6 first contacts and pre-splits the material surface to release the internal stress of the material surface. Then the milling cutter 3 performs cutting or the bevel scraper 5 performs secondary cutting. The milling cutter 3 blade, the vertical cutter 6 tip, and the bevel scraper 5 blade are respectively on the same horizontal line; the combined processing mode can realize the current energetic material allowing two to three times the maximum single blade cutting amount, can ensure that the machining tool back cutting amount is the maximum allowable back cutting amount, thereby improving the end face machining efficiency on the basis of ensuring the machining quality.

[0045] The temperature sensor 4 mounting hole is arranged in the cutter head 1, a cylindrical PT100 temperature sensor 4 is adopted, in the actual processing process, the temperature sensor 4 detects the temperature in the cutting process, which is used to feed back the temperature to the control system of the energetic material cutting and recycling system, to adjust and control the cutting speed, the cutting amount, the feeding speed, the cooling medium flow, and when the temperature reaches the early warning value, the equipment stops all other actions and sends an alarm in addition to cooling, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the cutting process.

Claims

1. A composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials, the composite cutterhead comprising a cutter assembly and a cutter holder assembly, characterized in that, The tool assembly is mounted on the tool holder assembly, which is mounted on the end of the feed drive shaft. Cooling pipes are provided inside the tool assembly and the tool holder assembly to dissipate heat from the various tools in the tool assembly during the cutting process. The tool holder assembly includes a tool holder seat; one end of the tool holder seat is fixedly connected to the tool assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected to an external transmission rod; The tool assembly includes inserts, a cutter head, and insert holders; the inserts include milling cutters, beveling cutters, and vertical scribers; the insert holders are fixedly mounted on the cutter head, the milling cutters are fixed on the insert holders, and the cutting edge of the milling cutters is parallel to the plane of the cutter head; the beveling cutters and vertical scribers are fixedly mounted in the cutter head slots, the cutting edge of the beveling cutters is parallel to the plane of the cutter head, and the cutting edge of the vertical scribers is perpendicular to the plane of the cutter head; the cutter head is fixedly connected to the tool holder. The vertical scriber and the milling cutter are used in combination, as are the vertical scriber and the bevel scraper. They participate in the cutting process at the same time. The tip of the vertical scriber is higher than that of the milling cutter and the bevel scraper. The vertical scriber contacts the material surface first and pre-cuts the material surface to release the internal stress of the material surface. Then the milling cutter and the bevel scraper contact the material surface. The cooling pipeline includes an inlet pipeline, a branch pipeline, a main pipeline, and an outlet pipeline. The tool holder is equipped with an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, and the tool disc is equipped with a branch pipeline and a main pipeline, with the main pipeline located directly below the blade. One end of the inlet pipeline in the tool holder is connected to the inlet pipeline in the transmission rod, and the other end is connected to the branch pipeline, which is connected to the main pipeline. One end of the outlet pipeline in the tool holder is connected to the branch pipeline, and the other end is connected to the outlet pipeline in the external transmission rod.

2. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, O-rings are installed at the connection points of the internal cooling pipes between the cutter head and the tool holder.

3. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet pipes of the tool holder and the inlet and outlet cooling pipes of the transmission rod are connected by a transition joint. The transition joint is equipped with an O-ring to ensure the connectivity and sealing of the pipes.

4. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head is equipped with a cover that covers the connection between the cutter head and the tool holder to form a sealed protection.

5. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head is equipped with a temperature sensor mounting hole for installing a temperature sensor. During actual processing, the temperature sensor will provide real-time feedback on the detected temperature.

6. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The points where the pipes come into contact with the outside air are sealed with plugs and hardening adhesive. The ends of the transition holes are also sealed with plugs and hardening adhesive. The main pipes are connected through transition holes, and the ends of the transition holes are sealed with plugs and hardening adhesive to form a complete cooling circuit.

7. The composite cutterhead for cutting and recovering energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, For both milling cutters and bevel cutters, the cutting edges are arranged in combinations to fully cover the radius of the cutter head. The spacing between adjacent blades of each type of cutting edge is adjusted to control the effective depth of cut when different cutting edges are cutting simultaneously.

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