Machining method for special-shaped threads

Abstract

The invention provides a special-shaped thread machining method, and relates to the technical field of thread machining. The machining method comprises the steps that the types of a plunge milling cutter and a turning tool are determined according to a thread form, the thread is a special-shaped thread with an irregular thread form section, and the size and the feature of the plunge milling cutter correspond to those of the turning tool; establishing a thread profile section contour groove by adopting CAM software according to the thread profile parameters; a plunge milling cutter and a plunge milling coordinate system are established in CAM software, and the plunge milling coordinate system is established on the end face of the tooth-shaped section contour groove according to a turning machine tool coordinate system; creating a plunge milling program in the CAM software; generating an NC code; and controlling the turning tool to execute a turning program. According to the machining method for the special-shaped threads, plunge milling is applied to turning, the coordinate values of the tangency points of the threads and the cutter are obtained, operation is easy, and the machining difficulty of the special-shaped threads is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thread processing, and in particular to a method for processing special-shaped threads. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped thread is a kind of thread with special tooth structure, high strength and high load capacity. It is widely used in automobile manufacturing, machine tools, electronics and aviation manufacturing.

[0003] Traditionally, special-shaped threads can be processed by CNC turning technology. However, the thread turning module built into the current CNC system has a single function and is only suitable for the processing of conventional threads. For special-shaped threads, it is often difficult to write turning programs manually, and it is also difficult to write turning programs for special-shaped threads with CAM software, making special-shaped thread processing more difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method for processing special-shaped threads, so as to solve the problem that the turning program of the traditional CNC system is difficult to process special-shaped threads.

[0005] The present application provides a method for processing a special-shaped thread, comprising:

[0006] Determine the type of plunge milling cutter and turning tool according to the thread profile, wherein the thread is a special-shaped thread with an irregular thread profile section, and the size and characteristics of the plunge milling cutter and the turning tool correspond;

[0007] Use CAM software to establish the profile groove of the thread profile according to the thread profile parameters;

[0008] Create a plunge milling cutter and a plunge milling coordinate system in the CAM software, wherein the plunge milling coordinate system is established on the end face of the tooth profile section groove according to the turning machine coordinate system;

[0009] Create plunge milling programs in CAM software;

[0010] Generate NC code;

[0011] Control the turning tool to execute the turning program.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a thread profile section groove is established using CAM software according to thread profile parameters, including:

[0013] According to the thread profile parameters, a single thread profile cross-section profile is drawn in the CAM software.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the tooth profile cross-section profile groove is established according to the tooth profile cross-section profile, and the groove width of the tooth profile cross-section profile groove is 1-1.05 times the diameter of the plunge milling cutter.

[0015] In a possible implementation, before establishing the profile groove of the thread profile using CAM software according to the thread profile parameters, the following steps are performed:

[0016] Divide the profile groove of the tooth profile into n segments distributed along the axial direction, where n is greater than or equal to P / B, where P is the pitch and B is the tool width;

[0017] The tooth profile cross-section groove is established in each of the n segments.

[0018] In a possible implementation, creating a plunge milling program in CAM software includes:

[0019] Generate tool paths based on the distance between any two segments in n segments.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the plunge milling procedure includes:

[0021] The tool axis direction of the plunge milling cutter is consistent with the X-axis direction of the plunge milling coordinate system, and the tool retraction distance, tool retraction angle, and tool retraction allowance of the plunge milling cutter are all set to 0.

[0022] In a possible implementation, generating NC codes includes:

[0023] The NC code is generated according to the path trajectory of the plunge milling cutter, and the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the plunge milling cutter is tangent to the tooth profile cross-section contour are obtained.

[0024] In a possible implementation, G1 in the NC code is deleted, and the X and Z values ​​between two segments of G0 in the NC code are the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip.

[0025] In a possible implementation, generating the NC code includes:

[0026] Each of the n segments is divided into m layers according to the radial maximum cutting depth a of the plunge milling cutter, which are in1, in2, ... inm from top to bottom;

[0027] Wherein, the j layer is any layer of the m layers, the distance from the j layer to the axis is X=D / 2-aj, and D is the major diameter of the special-shaped thread;

[0028] The X value of each layer is added between the X value and Z value of each segment, and G92 is added to replace G1 to obtain the NC code for cycle turning of special-shaped threads.

[0029] In a possible implementation, before controlling the turning tool to execute the turning program, the method further includes: performing numerical control simulation on the NC code.

[0030] The present application provides a method for processing special-shaped threads. When facing special-shaped threads with irregular tooth profile cross-sections, the method applies plunge milling to turning and obtains the coordinate value of the tangent point between the thread and the tool. The operation is simple and applicable to special-shaped threads of any shape. It solves the programming problem of manual turning of special-shaped threads in traditional technology and reduces the difficulty of processing special-shaped threads. In addition, compared with traditional technology, the special-shaped thread processing method of the present application also has a small cutting amount, reduces the types and number of forming tools, and reduces the design cost of the tool structure, ensuring the processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of the method for processing special-shaped threads of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped thread of the special-shaped thread processing method of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tooth profile cross-section profile divided into n segments along the axial direction in the processing method of the special-shaped thread of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tooth profile cross-section profile groove in the processing method of the special-shaped thread of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the path of tool plunge milling in the method for processing special-shaped threads of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a case where the plunge milling path is divided into m segments in the processing method of the special-shaped thread of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another step of the method for processing special-shaped threads of the present application.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 10- plunge milling cutter;

[0041] 100-tooth profile groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Special-shaped thread is a kind of thread with special tooth structure, high strength and high load capacity. It is widely used in automobile manufacturing, machine tools, electronics, and aviation manufacturing industries, such as engine cylinder blocks, machine tool guide rails and other core components.

[0044] A survey of existing technologies found that CNC turning can be used to process special-shaped threads. However, the thread turning module built into the current CNC system has a single function and is only suitable for the processing of ordinary conventional threads. For special-shaped threads, such as those with irregular tooth profiles and special-shaped threads whose outer contour curves cannot be calculated, it is often difficult to manually write turning programs, and CAM software is also difficult to write turning programs for complex special-shaped threads, making special-shaped thread processing more difficult.

[0045] In addition, in traditional technology, in order to realize the processing of special-shaped threads in CNC turning process, profile processing can also be used by forming cutters. However, the processing method of using forming cutters to process special-shaped threads has the disadvantages of small cutting volume, and the number of tools and tool costs are greatly increased. In addition, some traditional technologies have improved programming skills, but the program needs to be replaced in the process, which is very easy to make mistakes, and the operation is complicated and difficult to reproduce.

[0046] In view of this, the present application provides a method for processing special-shaped threads. In the face of special-shaped threads with irregular tooth profile cross-sections, by applying plunge milling to turning and obtaining the coordinate value of the tangent point between the thread and the tool, the operation is simple and applicable to special-shaped threads of any shape, solving the programming problem of manual turning of special-shaped threads in traditional technology and reducing the difficulty of special-shaped thread processing. In addition, compared with traditional technology, the special-shaped thread processing method of the present application also has a small cutting amount, reduces the types and number of forming tools, and reduces the design cost of the tool structure, ensuring the processing quality.

[0047] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 7 The invention describes a method for processing special-shaped threads according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] In the figure, X may be the axial direction and Z may be the radial direction.

[0049] The special-shaped thread processing method of this embodiment can be used to process special-shaped threads, which can be special-shaped threads with irregular tooth profiles and uncalculated thread outer contour curves. It can also be applicable to special-shaped threads with arbitrary tooth profiles on surfaces such as cylinders and cones.

[0050] Specific, combined Figure 1 and Figure 7 The processing method of the special-shaped thread may include:

[0051] S1. Determine the tool type according to the thread profile. The thread is a special-shaped thread with an irregular thread profile. For example, see Figure 1 It can be seen that the tooth profile of the special-shaped thread is irregular, and the thread surface includes convex or concave contours with radii of R1, R2, R3...Rn, etc. The angle between the contour and the axial direction can be a, b...z, etc.

[0052] In addition, the tool includes a plunge milling cutter 10 and a turning tool. The plunge milling cutter 10 is suitable for creation in CAM software, while the turning tool is used for actual operation. It should be noted that the plunge milling cutter 10 and the turning tool need to be selected according to the tooth profile section of the special-shaped thread, and the size and characteristics of the plunge milling cutter 10 and the turning tool must correspond.

[0053] It can be understood that, for example, if the plunge milling cutter 10 uses a tool with a flat blade, then the turning tool also needs to use a tool with a flat blade, such as a right-angle grooving cutter; if the plunge milling cutter 10 uses a tool with a circular arc blade, then the turning tool also needs to use a tool with a circular arc blade, such as a circular arc grooving cutter; if the plunge milling cutter 10 uses a tool with an angular blade, then the turning tool also needs to use a tool with an angular blade, such as a pointed knife.

[0054] Optionally, according to the drawing accuracy and finish requirements and the requirements of large cutting depth for rough turning, arc tip cutter, arc angle R, cutter width B can be selected. R determines that the tool for plunge milling in CAM is a ball cutter with a diameter of 2R, and the cutter width B determines that the maximum axial segment spacing of the tooth profile is B.

[0055] Optionally, the selected turning tool type may also be a grooving right-angle tool, and the plunge milling tool in CAM is a right-angle tool with a diameter of B. The maximum axial segment spacing of the grooving arc tool tooth type is 2R, where B≤2R.

[0056] S2. Using CAM software to establish the profile groove 100 according to the thread profile parameters. Specifically, the thread profile parameters may include pitch, tooth height, tooth angle, etc. This provides an accurate model basis for subsequent plunge milling.

[0057] S3. Create a plunge milling cutter 10 and a plunge milling coordinate system in the CAM software. The plunge milling coordinate system is established on the end face of the tooth profile section groove 100 according to the lathe coordinate system. In this way, the X and Z values ​​of the coordinate points generated in this way are consistent with the direction of the lathe coordinate system, avoiding the subsequent possible X and Z replacement or other program replacement, reducing the error rate that may occur during the replacement, and ensuring the tool path and positioning accuracy during the plunge milling process.

[0058] Specifically, the established plunge milling coordinate system should be consistent with the coordinate system of the turning machine tool to ensure the accuracy of coordinate conversion during the processing. The plunge milling coordinate system can be established on the end face of the tooth profile groove 100 to facilitate subsequent processing operations.

[0059] S4. Create a plunge milling program in the CAM software. Specifically, the program may include tool path planning, cutting parameter setting, and tool entry and exit strategy formulation.

[0060] S5. Generate NC code. NC code is a set of instructions that can be recognized and executed by a numerical control machine tool, and is used to control the machine tool to perform actual processing operations. It can be understood that the milling program generated in the CAM software is converted into NC code.

[0061] S6. Control the turning tool to execute the turning program. Specifically, the generated NC code is input into the CNC turning machine, and the various parameters of the machine (such as spindle speed, feed speed, etc.) are adjusted to meet the processing requirements. The machine is started and the turning tool is controlled to perform processing according to the turning program. In the specific implementation, the operator can pay attention to the operating status and processing effect of the machine tool in a timely manner, and adjust the parameters in time to ensure the processing quality.

[0062] The special-shaped thread processing method of the present application, in the face of special-shaped threads with irregular tooth cross-sections, applies plunge milling to turning and obtains the coordinate value of the intersection point between the thread and the tool. The operation is simple and applicable to special-shaped threads of any shape. It solves the programming problem of manual turning of special-shaped threads in traditional technologies and reduces the difficulty of special-shaped thread processing.

[0063] In addition, compared with traditional technologies, the special-shaped thread processing method of the present application has the advantages of small cutting depth, reduced types and quantity of forming tools, reduced design costs of tool structures, and guaranteed processing quality.

[0064] In some embodiments, according to the thread profile parameters, CAM software is used to establish the thread profile cross-sectional profile groove 100, including drawing a single thread profile cross-sectional profile in the CAM software according to the thread profile parameters.

[0065] Specifically, CAM software is used to draw the cross-sectional profile of a single tooth profile according to the tooth profile parameters of the special-shaped thread, such as pitch, tooth height, tooth bottom width, tooth profile angle, etc. This step is the basis for subsequent processing.

[0066] After drawing a single tooth profile cross-section profile, the CAM software is used to expand several single tooth profile cross-section profiles into a tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 to accommodate the movement of the plunge milling cutter 10. Specifically, the width of the groove can be determined according to the size of the plunge milling cutter 10 and the processing requirements.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 6 According to the tooth profile cross-section profile, a tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 is established, and the groove width of the tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 is slightly larger than the diameter of the plunge milling cutter 10. Specifically, the groove width of the tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 is 1-1.05 times the diameter of the plunge milling cutter 10. Exemplary multiples may be 1, 1.01, 1.03, 1.05, etc.

[0068] It is understandable that if the groove width of the tooth-profile profile groove is smaller than the diameter of the plunge milling cutter 10, the plunge milling cutter 10 will not be able to be inserted into the contour groove, and accordingly, the path trajectory will not be formed; if the groove width of the contour groove is too large, too many tool path marks will easily be generated during actual operation, affecting the operation efficiency.

[0069] The design of a slot width slightly larger than the tool diameter provides sufficient space for the tool to move, helping to ensure that the tool can move smoothly during the machining process without reducing machining accuracy or damaging the tool due to limited space. In addition, it can also reduce the contact area between the tool and the slot wall, thereby reducing the risk of interference between the tool and the slot wall during machining, helping to improve machining stability and reliability.

[0070] Specifically, the width of the contour groove can be designed to be larger than the diameter of the plunge milling cutter 10 by a preset margin. The size of this margin can be determined according to specific processing requirements, tool type, material properties and other factors, and is not limited here.

[0071] It can be seen that in the processing of special-shaped threads, the groove width of the tooth-profile cross-section groove 100 is designed to be larger than the diameter of the plunge milling cutter 10 , which can ensure that the plunge milling cutter 10 can smoothly process in the tooth-profile cross-section groove 100 .

[0072] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Before establishing the tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 according to the thread profile parameters using CAM software, the tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 is divided into n segments distributed along the axial direction, n is greater than or equal to P / B, where P is the pitch and B is the tool width, and the tooth profile cross-section profile groove 100 is established in each of the n segments.

[0073] Specifically, the number of segments n is calculated based on the drawing accuracy, the pitch P of the thread and the tool width B of the plunge milling cutter 10. Here, n needs to be greater than or equal to P / B to ensure that each section of the tooth profile can be effectively covered and processed by the tool. A larger n value means that each section of the profile is shorter, which helps to improve the accuracy and stability of the processing.

[0074] Divide the tooth profile cross-section contour into n segments along the axial direction of the thread evenly or according to a specific rule. When dividing, ensure that each segment of the contour contains complete tooth profile features so that accurate contour grooves can be established in the CAM software later.

[0075] Further, according to each segment of the tooth profile cross-sectional profile, the corresponding cross-sectional profile is drawn in the CAM software. In this step, the shape, position and size of the lines and curves must be ensured to match the actual tooth profile features. After drawing each segment of the tooth profile cross-sectional profile, the profile is expanded into the tooth profile cross-sectional profile groove 100 using CAM.

[0076] In this way, it can be ensured that the plunge milling cutter 10 can perform accurate and continuous processing along the axial direction of the thread, thereby minimizing processing errors and tool wear.

[0077] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 When creating a plunge milling program in CAM software, it includes generating a tool path based on the spacing between any two segments in n segments.

[0078] Optionally, the length of each of the n segments may be evenly divided or unevenly divided.

[0079] Specifically, according to the division of n-segment tooth profile cross-section contour, the starting point and end point of each contour are determined. Each starting point and key point will be used as the key node of the tool path to guide the movement of the tool during the processing. The axial spacing between two adjacent tooth profile cross-section contours is measured, and in the CAM software, the tool path generation function provided by the software is used to automatically or manually generate the tool path according to the determined starting point, end point and segment spacing.

[0080] Optionally, before the tool path is used for actual machining, it can be verified using the verification tools provided by the CAM software. This verification process can simulate the actual machining process of the tool, check whether the tool path fully matches the tooth profile section profile, and whether there are any potential machining problems.

[0081] In some embodiments, the plunge milling program includes: the tool axis direction of the plunge milling cutter 10 is consistent with the X-axis direction of the plunge milling coordinate system, and the retraction distance, retraction angle, and retraction allowance of the plunge milling cutter 10 are all set to 0 to optimize the processing process and improve processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0082] In this way, the tool axis direction of the plunge milling cutter 10 is kept consistent with the X-axis direction of the plunge milling coordinate system, so that the tool will perform linear plunge milling along the X-axis direction during the machining process, which simplifies the tool movement path, reduces the complex movement of the tool during the machining process, and thereby improves the machining accuracy and stability.

[0083] In addition, the retraction distance refers to the distance the tool retracts from the processing position to the safe position after completing a cut. Setting the retraction distance to 0 means that the tool will stop at the processing position immediately after completing the cut, and no additional retraction movement will be performed. This design can reduce the idle travel time of the tool and improve processing efficiency.

[0084] The tool retraction angle is the inclination angle of the tool relative to the machining surface during the tool retraction process. Setting the tool retraction angle to 0 means that the tool will retract in a straight line, avoiding additional friction and wear caused by angle changes, helping to extend the tool life and maintain machining stability.

[0085] The retract allowance refers to the extra space reserved by the tool during the retract process to avoid interference with the machining surface. Setting the retract allowance to 0 means that the tool will move closely to the machining surface when retracting, without leaving any extra space, thus ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the machining.

[0086] Optionally, the safety plane can be set to automatic in the transfer method.

[0087] Optionally, the machining process can be divided into rough turning and fine turning, and the allowance can be set in the plunge milling process, and the plunge milling can be divided into multiple sequences. Specifically, the allowance left in the rough turning stage is used to achieve the final machining requirements through fine turning.

[0088] By dividing the entire plunge milling process into multiple steps, each step only cuts a part of the material, the cutting load of the tool can be reduced and the stability and accuracy of the processing can be improved. Optionally, between each step, the tool, cutting parameters and processing allowance can be adjusted as needed to adapt to different processing stages and workpiece requirements.

[0089] In this way, adopting the machining strategy of roughing and finishing, setting allowances in the plunge milling process, and multi-sequence plunge milling can help improve machining efficiency, reduce tool wear and machining costs, while ensuring the machining quality and precision of the workpiece.

[0090] In some embodiments, generating the NC code specifically includes: generating the NC code according to the path trajectory of the plunge milling cutter 10, and obtaining the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the plunge milling cutter 10 is tangent to the tooth profile cross-section profile. It is understandable that, since the turning tool also uses the NC code to operate during actual operation, the coordinates of the lowest point are also the coordinates of the tangent point between the thread and the turning tool.

[0091] Specifically, in CAM software, the tool path trajectory is planned according to the preset tool path and processing parameters, such as cutting speed, feed rate, cutting depth, etc. Then, the NC code generation function of the CAM software is used to convert the planned path trajectory into NC code that can be recognized by the CNC machine tool. Among them, the NC code contains all the instructions that the machine tool needs to execute during the processing, including the movement of the tool, the adjustment of cutting parameters, etc.

[0092] Optionally, before or after generating the NC code, you can use the simulation function of the CAM software to simulate the cutting process of the tool to assist the operator to intuitively see the movement trajectory and cutting effect of the tool during the processing process. During the simulated cutting process, observe the contact between the tool and the tooth profile section contour.

[0093] Furthermore, when the plunge milling cutter 10 is tangent to the profile cross-section, the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip are recorded, that is, the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the plunge milling cutter 10 is tangent to the profile cross-section are obtained. This coordinate is the position of the tool closest to the workpiece surface during the cutting process. The final coordinates of the thread processing of this section are the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the tool of this section is tangent to the profile cross-section.

[0094] In this way, the machining accuracy can be ensured and tool collision can be avoided during the machining process. By accurately planning the path trajectory, generating NC code and verifying the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip, efficient and accurate machining of special-shaped threads can be achieved.

[0095] In some embodiments, the processing method of the special-shaped thread further includes: deleting G1 in the NC code, and the X and Z values ​​between the two segments of G0 in the NC code are the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip. The coordinates of the lowest point are also the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the tool of this segment is tangent to the profile of the tooth section, X=R1, Z=R2.

[0096] Among them, in NC code, G1 instruction is usually used for linear interpolation motion, that is, the tool moves from the current point to the target point in a straight line. X+ specific value represents the moving distance of the tool in the X-axis direction. In the processing of special-shaped threads, in order to more accurately control the motion trajectory of the tool, G1X+ specific value can be deleted as needed, and other instructions and parameters can be relied on to define the tool's movement path, such as relying on G0 instruction.

[0097] The G0 command is a rapid positioning command used to move the tool to the specified position at the fastest speed. In the processing of special-shaped threads, the G0 command can be used to quickly position the tool to the cutting starting point or retracting point. When a cutting command is sandwiched between two G0 commands, the X and Z values ​​between the two G0 commands represent a key position of the tool in the cutting process, that is, the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip.

[0098] It can be seen that in the processing method of special-shaped threads, specific processing of the NC code, such as deleting G1X+specific value and identifying the X and Z values ​​between the two segments of G0 as the lowest point coordinates of the tool tip, can achieve precise processing of special-shaped threads and ensure processing quality and efficiency.

[0099] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 , generating NC code includes: dividing each of the n segments into m layers according to the maximum radial cutting depth a of the plunge milling cutter 10, which are in1, in2...inm from top to bottom; wherein, the j layer is any layer of the m layers, and the distance from the j layer to the axis is X=D / 2-aj, and D is the major diameter of the special-shaped thread; adding the X value of each layer between the X value and the Z value of each segment, and adding G92 to replace G1, thereby obtaining the NC code for cycle turning of special-shaped threads.

[0100] Optionally, the m layers may be evenly divided, or sparse at the top and dense at the bottom.

[0101] Specifically, first, the tooth profile cross-section of the special-shaped thread is divided into n segments along the axial direction, each segment represents a cutting cycle, and then each segment is further divided into m layers according to the radial maximum cutting depth a of the plunge milling cutter 10. They are named in1, in2, ... inm from top to bottom. Each layer represents a specific depth reached by the tool during the cutting process.

[0102] Wherein, j is any integer between 1 and m, representing any layer in the m layers. For the j layer, its distance X to the axis can be calculated by the formula X=D / 2-aj.

[0103] When generating NC code, the X value of each layer is added between the X value and Z value of each segment, that is, as the tool moves from one segment to the next, it will gradually penetrate into the material according to the preset layering order.

[0104] It can be seen that by dividing each segment into multiple layers according to the maximum radial cutting depth of the plunge milling cutter 10 and adding each layer's X value between the X value and the Z value of each segment, each segment can be divided into multiple layers according to the maximum radial cutting depth of the plunge milling cutter 10, thereby generating a more accurate and reliable NC code, thereby achieving efficient and accurate processing of special-shaped threads. In addition, it also ensures that the tool can smoothly and continuously cut the material during the processing, reducing tool wear and processing errors.

[0105] In this way, the method of machining special-shaped threads through radial layering combined with G92 cycle turning can be realized. According to the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the tool is tangent to the tooth profile cross-section contour, cutting is performed layer by layer until the desired thread shape is achieved.

[0106] Optionally, the number of layers and the cutting depth of each layer can be set according to the shape and size of the special-shaped thread, the material and performance of the tool, and the processing requirements. Avoid too few layers that may cause excessive cutting force and increase tool wear, or too many layers that may extend processing time and reduce efficiency.

[0107] Optionally, during the machining process, cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, etc. can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure a smooth cutting process.

[0108] Optionally, after processing, the thread can be measured and inspected, such as by measuring the thread profile height, pitch, thread bottom width and other parameters to evaluate whether the processing accuracy and workpiece quality meet the design requirements. If not, the parameters can be adjusted appropriately.

[0109] In some embodiments, before controlling the turning tool to execute the plunge milling program, it also includes: simulating the NC code. Optionally, if the processing is unreasonable, the values ​​of m and n can be adjusted to make the segmentation denser and the layers more numerous. Adjusting the parameters in the CAM plunge milling, that is, adjusting the forward step and the upward step.

[0110] Optionally, when performing simulation: the generated NC code can be imported into the numerical control simulation software, and the parameters that match the actual processing environment can be set in the simulation software, such as machine tool type, tool type, workpiece material, etc. Then start the simulation software, run the NC code, and observe the tool's motion trajectory, cutting process, and processing results. According to the simulation results, analyze the possible problems in the processing process, such as excessive cutting force, severe tool wear, insufficient processing accuracy, etc., and optimize the NC code according to the analysis results, adjust the cutting parameters, tool path, etc., to improve processing efficiency and workpiece quality.

[0111] Specifically, through simulation, we can check the syntax errors, logic errors and possible cutting path errors in the NC code to ensure that the code can correctly guide the tool to cut. In addition, simulation can also simulate the tool's motion trajectory, cutting depth, cutting speed and other parameters during the processing, so as to evaluate whether the processing is feasible and whether there are interference, collision and other problems. In this way, we can ensure the accuracy, feasibility and safety of the NC code, thereby avoiding errors or accidents in the actual processing process.

[0112] Visible, see Figure 1 and Figure 7In this application, axial segmentation, CAM slotting to obtain coordinates, radial layering combined with G92 cycle turning to process special-shaped threads and optimize tool paths are used. Conventional tools can be used to process special-shaped threads with irregular tooth profiles and uncalculated thread outer contour curves. This solves the programming problem of manual turning of special-shaped threads, reduces the types and quantity of forming tools, reduces the cost of tool structure design, and ensures processing quality.

[0113] It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

[0114] In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

[0115] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0116] In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "below," "beneath," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for processing special-shaped threads, characterized in that: The following methods are included: Determining the types of the plunge milling cutter (10) and the turning tool according to the thread profile, wherein the thread is a special-shaped thread with an irregular thread profile cross section, and the plunge milling cutter (10) and the turning tool have corresponding sizes and features; According to the thread profile parameters, a thread profile cross-section profile groove (100) is established using CAM software; Creating a plunge milling cutter (10) and a plunge milling coordinate system in CAM software, wherein the plunge milling coordinate system is established on the end face of the tooth profile section groove (100) according to the turning machine tool coordinate system; Create plunge milling programs in CAM software; Generate NC code; Control the turning tool to execute the turning program.

2. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the thread profile parameters, the thread profile section profile groove (100) is established using CAM software, including: According to the thread profile parameters, a single thread profile cross-section profile is drawn in the CAM software.

3. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth profile cross-section profile groove (100) is established according to the tooth profile cross-section profile, and the groove width of the tooth profile cross-section profile groove (100) is 1-1.05 times the diameter of the plunge milling cutter (10).

4. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before establishing the profile groove (100) using CAM software according to the thread profile parameters, the following steps are included: The tooth profile cross-section groove (100) is divided into n segments distributed along the axial direction, n is greater than or equal to P / B, wherein P is the thread pitch and B is the tool width; The tooth profile cross-section groove (100) is established in each of the n segments.

5. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of creating a plunge milling program in the CAM software includes: Generate tool paths based on the distance between any two segments in n segments.

6. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plunge milling procedure includes: The tool axis direction of the plunge milling cutter (10) is consistent with the X-axis direction of the plunge milling coordinate system, and the tool retraction distance, tool retraction angle and tool retraction margin of the plunge milling cutter (10) are all set to 0.

7. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 4, characterized in that: Generating NC code includes: The NC code is generated according to the path trajectory of the plunge milling cutter (10), and the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip when the plunge milling cutter (10) is tangent to the tooth profile cross-section contour are obtained.

8. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Delete G1 in the NC code, and the X and Z values ​​between the two G0 segments in the NC code are the coordinates of the lowest point of the tool tip.

9. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 8, characterized in that: The generation of the NC code includes: Dividing each of the n segments into m layers according to the radial maximum cutting depth a of the plunge milling cutter (10), which are in1, in2, ... inm from top to bottom; Wherein, the j layer is any layer of the m layers, the distance from the j layer to the axis is X=D / 2-aj, and D is the major diameter of the special-shaped thread; The X value of each layer is added between the X value and Z value of each segment, and G92 is added to replace G1 to obtain the NC code for cycle turning of special-shaped threads.

10. The method for processing special-shaped threads according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before controlling the turning tool to execute the turning program, the method further includes: performing numerical control simulation on the NC code.

Images