Machining method for n-shaped frame and circular ring composite structure
By employing specific clamping methods and machining sequences, the problems of cutting vibration marks and deformation that occur during the machining of the geometric frame and ring composite structure were solved, achieving high-precision and stable machining results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411637430.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies, when machining composite structures of geometric frames and circular rings, are prone to causing cutting marks on the outer support lugs and deformation of the stepped holes in the circular rings, leading to machining instability.
By employing specific clamping methods and machining sequences, including the use of various tooling fixtures and different types of milling cutters, and through progressive finish milling and rough milling, stable workpiece positioning and machining accuracy are ensured.
The process achieved zero cutting vibration marks on the external support lugs of the geometric frame, good roundness of the circular stepped holes, and controlled surface roughness and deformation within a reasonable range, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the machining.
Smart Images
Figure CN119347318A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing, and particularly relates to a processing method for a composite structure of a several-shaped frame and a ring. Background Art
[0002] As Figure 1 、 2 、shown in Fig. 3, the composite structure of a several-shaped frame and a ring includes a several-shaped frame 1, a ring 2, and an outer support ear 3. The several-shaped frame 1 is a several-shaped plate-like structure, including a first horizontal plate 4, a second horizontal plate 5, a third horizontal plate 6, a first vertical plate 7, and a second vertical plate 8. The first horizontal plate 4, the second horizontal plate 5, and the third horizontal plate 6 are all horizontally arranged square plate-like structures. The first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 are both inverted trapezoidal plate-like structures located in the vertical plane in the front-rear direction. At the front and rear sides of the lower ends of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8, a slope 13 is respectively provided. The upper ends of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the first horizontal plate 4. The ends of the second horizontal plate 5 and the third horizontal plate 6 that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8. The first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the second horizontal plate 5 and the third horizontal plate 6 are symmetrically arranged left and right. A light hole 9 is respectively provided on the second horizontal plate 5 and the third horizontal plate 6. The second horizontal plate 5 and the second horizontal plate 5 are the lower flanges outside the light hole 9, and the first horizontal plate 4 is the upper flange of the several-shaped frame 1.
[0003] The ring 2 is a horizontally arranged ring 2-shaped structure, and the ring 2 is fixedly arranged at the upper end surface of the first horizontal plate 4 of the several-shaped frame 1. The left and right ends of the outer cylindrical surface of the ring 2 are respectively tangent to the end surfaces of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 that are far away from each other. At the center of the upper end surface of the ring 2, a first stepped hole 10 is provided, and the inner bottom surface of the first stepped hole 10 is located at the middle height of the ring 2. At the inner bottom surface of the first stepped hole 10, a second stepped hole 11 is provided, and the second stepped hole 11 communicates with the lower end surface of the first horizontal plate 4. The axes of the first stepped hole 10 and the second stepped hole 11 coincide, and the inner diameter of the second stepped hole 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the first stepped hole 10. The inner cylindrical surface of the second stepped hole 11 is tangent to the end surfaces of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 that are close to each other.
[0004] An outer lug 3 is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the end surface of the first vertical plate 7 and the second vertical plate 8 which are away from each other, and the two outer lugs 3 are symmetrically disposed. The outer lug 3 is a horizontally disposed square plate-shaped structure, and a threaded hole 12 is disposed on each outer lug 3 which passes through from top to bottom, wherein the axis of the threaded hole 12 on the left outer lug 3 is kept coincident with the axis of the light hole 9 on the second horizontal plate 5, and the axis of the threaded hole 12 on the right outer lug 3 is kept coincident with the axis of the light hole 9 on the third horizontal plate 6.
[0005] If general machining technology is used to process the above-mentioned composite structures of frames and rings, the following deficiencies may occur: 1) Cutting vibration marks appear on the workpiece during the processing of the external lugs of the frame When machining the outer lugs of the shaped frame, the lower part of the side wall of the shaped frame where the outer lugs are located is supported by the tooling, one side is connected to the workpiece base, but the other side has no fastening measures, forming a cantilever beam structure. During the machining process, under the action of the cutting force, the side wall of the shaped frame will vibrate, resulting in cutting vibration marks.
[0006] 2) Deformation of the second step hole of the circular ring during the opening process in the geometric frame When processing the opening inside the geometric frame, it is necessary to clamp the connection between the circular ring and the geometric structure, which may easily cause the second step hole of the circular ring to deform; during the processing of the opening inside the geometric frame, as the machine stress is released and redistributed, the second step hole of the circular ring will also deform.
[0007] After the above problems are coupled and superimposed, the processing of geometric frames and circular ring composite structures is prone to instability. Summary of the invention
[0008] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a method for processing a composite structure of a geometric frame and a circular ring, thereby solving the problem that the composite structure of a geometric frame and a circular ring is prone to instability during processing.
[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.
[0010] S1 Milling the front and rear ends of the frame S1.1 Position and clamp the workpiece in the initial state through a pair of fixtures; S1.2 Process the workpiece in its initial state; S1.2.1 Use a dial indicator to level the upper surface of the tooling; S1.2.2 Rough milling of the front and rear end surfaces of the shaped frame; S1.2.3 Fine milling of the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame; S1.2.4 Check the symmetry between the front and rear end faces of the geometric frame and the outer circle of the ring; S2 rough milling height, U-shaped groove and second step hole on the ring S2.1 Position and clamp the workpiece; S2.2 Processing the workpiece; S2.2.1 Milling the upper plane; S2.2.2 Rough milling of U-shaped groove; S2.2.3 Rough milling of the second step hole on the ring; S3 Rough milling of the left and right sides of the frame S3.1 Positioning and clamping of workpieces by three pairs of fixtures S3.2 Processing the workpiece; S3.2.1 Rough milling side height; S3.2.2 Rough milling side depth; S4 U-shaped slot milling S4.1 Use four pairs of workpieces for positioning and clamping; S4.2 Processing the workpiece; S4.2.1 Rough milling of U-shaped groove and bottom surface; S4.2.2 Rough mill the second step hole of the annular ring; S4.2.3 Rough mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the hole; S4.2.4 Finish milling of the bottom surface of the slot; S4.2.5 Finish mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the bore; S4.2.6 Finish milling of slot sides; S4.2.7 Finish mill the second step hole of the ring; S4.2.8 The chamfer of the first step hole 10 of the ring near the second step hole 11; S5 finishing height S5.1 Position and clamp the workpiece; S5.2 Finishing height; S6 milling the left and right sides of the frame S6.1 Position and clamp the workpiece through the six-pair tooling; S6.2 Processing the workpiece S6.2.1 Semi-finishing of the sides and bottom; S6.2.2 Finish milling of bottom surface; S6.2.3 Finish milling of side surfaces; S7 threaded hole machining S7.1 Position and clamp the workpiece through tooling seven; S7.2 Processing workpieces; S7.2.1 Drilling center hole; S7.2.2 Drilling holes; S7.2.3 Rough milling of the threaded bottom hole and the outer lug profile outside the threaded hole; a) Rough milling of the threaded bottom hole; b) Rough milling of the outer lug contour outside the threaded hole; S7.2.4 Finish milling of the threaded bottom hole and the outer lug profile outside the threaded hole; a) Finish milling the thread bottom hole; b) Finish milling the outer ear contour outside the thread hole; S7.2.5 Finish milling of threaded holes; S8 precision milling bevel and chamfer S8.1 Position and clamp the workpiece by using tooling eight; S8.2 Processing the workpiece S8.2.1 Rough milling of bevel; S8.2.2 Fine milling of inclined surfaces; S8.2.3 Chamfer.
[0011] Furthermore, in step S1.1, the tooling 1 includes a first block, a first positioning column, a first threaded column, a first washer, and a first nut; the first block is a horizontally arranged rectangular parallelepiped structure; the first positioning column is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the first positioning column is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end face of the first block; the first threaded column is vertically arranged, and the outer side face of the first threaded column is provided with an external thread, and the lower end of the first threaded column is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the first positioning column; a first washer is sleeved on the outer side of the first threaded column; and a first screw is screwed on the upper end of the first threaded column. The first block is clamped by a flat-mouth vise, and then the workpiece in the initial state is sleeved on the outside of the first positioning column and the first threaded column, so that the extension direction of the U-shaped groove inside the workpiece in the initial state is perpendicular to the front and rear end surfaces of the first block, and the upper end of the first threaded column extends from the third through hole of the circular ring. A first washer is sleeved on the outside of the first threaded column, and the first washer contacts the upper end surface of the circular ring. A first nut is screwed on the upper end of the first threaded column, and the first nut is tightened so that the first nut is in close contact with the first washer, thereby clamping and fixing the workpiece in the initial state on the flat-mouth vise.
[0012] Furthermore, in step S2.1, the large cylindrical side of the workpiece is placed vertically upward, and the upper flange of the F-shaped frame is tightened with a flat-mouth vise, that is, the front and rear sides of the large cylinder close to one end of the small cylinder are clamped with a flat-mouth vise.
[0013] Further, in step S3.1, the tooling three includes a second block and a second positioning column. The second block is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the second positioning column is a cylindrical structure, one end of the second positioning column is fixedly set at the center of the end face of one side of the second block, and the second positioning column is kept perpendicular to the end face of the second block; the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, and a standard shim of 8mm thickness is padded under the workpiece, at which time the axis of the circular ring of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise; the end face of one side of the second block of the tooling three is away from the second block, and the bottom plane of the second step hole of the workpiece is in contact, and the square plane on one side of the second block of the tooling three is in contact with the inner side of the U-shaped groove of the workpiece; the workpiece and the combination of the tooling three are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by using a flat-mouth vise, and a damping block is set at the bottom of the geometric frame of the workpiece, and the damping block is located at the upper end of the second block of the tooling three, and the workpiece and the damping block are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by a flat-mouth vise.
[0014] Furthermore, in step S4.1, the tooling four is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; the tooling four is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, the circular ring of the workpiece is placed vertically downward on the upper end of the tooling four, and the flat-mouth vise is used to clamp the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame.
[0015] Furthermore, in step S5.1, the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, with the circular ring of the workpiece facing vertically downward and the extension direction of the U-shaped groove of the workpiece consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise, and the upper flanges on both sides of the flat-mouth frame of the workpiece are clamped with the flat-mouth vise.
[0016] Further, in step S6.1, the tool six includes a third block and a third positioning column; the third block is a rectangular structure, and the third positioning column is a cylindrical structure, one end of the third positioning column is fixedly arranged at the center of the end face of one side of the third block, and the third positioning column is kept perpendicular to the end face of the third block; the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, and an 8mm thick standard shim is padded at the bottom of the workpiece, at which time the axis of the circular ring of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise; the end face of the third positioning column of tool six away from the third block contacts the bottom plane of the second step hole of the workpiece, and the square plane on one side of the third block of tool six contacts the inner side surface of the U-shaped groove of the workpiece; a flat-mouth vise is used to clamp the combination of the workpiece and tool six along the axial direction of the workpiece, and a damping block is set at the bottom of the geometric frame of the workpiece, and the damping block is located at the upper end of the third block of tool six, and the workpiece and the damping block are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by a flat-mouth vise.
[0017] Furthermore, in step S7.1, the tooling seven is a rectangular structure, the tooling seven is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, and a square groove is provided on the upper end surface of the tooling seven; the workpiece is placed on the upper end of the tooling seven, with the circular ring of the workpiece facing vertically upward, and the extension direction of the annular groove of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise, and the lower flanges on both sides of the flat-mouth frame of the workpiece are clamped by the flat-mouth vise.
[0018] Furthermore, in step S8.1, the tooling eight is a cubic structure, and an inclined groove is respectively arranged on both sides of the upper end face of the tooling eight, and the two inclined grooves respectively correspond to the two inclined surfaces on the first vertical plate of the workpiece; the tooling eight is placed inside the U-shaped groove of the workpiece, so that the two inclined grooves of the tooling eight correspond to the two inclined surfaces on the first vertical plate of the workpiece; then the combination of the tooling eight and the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise, so that the axial direction of the circular ring of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise, and the flat-mouth vise clamps the end face of the circular ring and the end face of the tooling eight.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: The method for processing a composite structure of a geometric frame and annular ring provided by the present invention can achieve the following: 1) There are no cutting vibration marks near the outer ears of the frame, and the surface roughness value is not greater than Ra1.6μm.
[0020] 2) The roundness of the large hole of the ring step shall not exceed 0.03mm.
[0021] Since the method can realize steady-state processing of geometric frames and circular ring composite structures, the technology can be widely applied in the field of processing components of geometric frames and circular ring composite structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the composite structure of the geometric frame and the circular ring; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the composite structure of the polygonal frame and the circular ring after half-section. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the composite structure of the polygonal frame and the circular ring after half-section. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is the clamping diagram of S1; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of tooling 1; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the workpiece after S1 processing; Figure 7 This is the clamping diagram of S2; Figure 8 This is the clamping diagram of S3; Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of tooling 3; Fig.10 This is the clamping diagram of S4; Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of tooling 4; Fig.12 This is the clamping diagram of S5; Fig.13 This is the clamping diagram of S6; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of tooling six; Fig.15 This is the clamping diagram of S7; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of tooling seven; Fig.17 This is the clamping diagram of S8; Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of tooling eight; Among them, 1 is a polygonal frame, 2 is a circular ring, 3 is an outer ear, 4 is a first horizontal plate, 5 is a second horizontal plate, 6 is a third horizontal plate, 7 is a first vertical plate, 8 is a second vertical plate, 9 is a light hole, 10 is a first step hole, 11 is a second step hole, 12 is a threaded hole, 13 is a slope, 14 is a first processed hole, 15 is a U-shaped groove, 16 is a first square, 17 is a first positioning column, 18 is a first threaded column, 19 is a first washer, 20 is a first nut, 21 is a flat-mouth vise, 22 is a second square, 23 is a second positioning column, 24 is a damping block, 25 is a tooling four, 26 is a third block, 27 is a third positioning column, 28 is a tooling seven, 29 is a tooling eight, and 30 is an inclined groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
[0024] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 18, the present invention provides a method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and a circular ring, comprising the following steps: When the workpiece is in the initial state, a frame 1 and a ring 2 are machined through a large cylinder and a small cylinder connected coaxially, and a U-shaped groove 15 is machined in the middle of the end face of the large cylinder away from the small cylinder. The U-shaped groove 15 is the space between the first vertical plate 7, the second vertical plate 8, and the first horizontal plate 4; a first machined through hole 14 corresponding to the first step hole 10 is machined at the axis of the small cylinder, and the first machined through hole 14 is connected to the U-shaped groove 15. At this time, the first vertical plate 7, the second horizontal plate 5, and the outer ear 3 on the left are an integrated structure, and the second vertical plate 8, the third horizontal plate 6, and the outer ear 3 on the right are an integrated structure. A vertical surface located in the front-to-back direction is machined in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the integrated structure on the left, and a vertical surface located in the front-to-back direction is machined in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the integrated structure on the right.
[0025] S1 Milling the front and rear ends of the frame 1 S1.1 Use a pair of fixtures to position and clamp the workpiece in the initial state, such as Figure 4 , 5 Shown The tooling 1 includes a first block 16, a first positioning column 17, a first threaded column 18, a first washer 19, and a first nut 20. The first block 16 is a horizontally arranged rectangular parallelepiped structure; the first positioning column 17 is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the first positioning column 17 is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the first block 16; the first threaded column 18 is vertically arranged, and the outer side surface of the first threaded column 18 is provided with an external thread, and the lower end of the first threaded column 18 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the first positioning column 17; the first washer 19 is sleeved on the outer side of the first threaded column 18; and the first nut 20 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first threaded column 18.
[0026] The first block 16 is clamped by a flat jaw vise 21, and then the workpiece in the initial state is sleeved on the outside of the first positioning column 17 and the first threaded column 18, so that the extension direction of the U-shaped groove 15 inside the workpiece in the initial state is perpendicular to the front and rear end surfaces of the first block 16, and the upper end of the first threaded column 18 extends from the third through hole of the ring 2. A first washer 19 is sleeved on the outside of the first threaded column 18, and the first washer 19 is in contact with the upper end surface of the ring 2. A first nut 20 is threaded on the upper end of the first threaded column 18, and the first nut 20 is tightened so that the first nut 20 is in close contact with the first washer 19, thereby clamping and fixing the workpiece in the initial state on the flat jaw vise 21.
[0027] S1.2 Processing the workpiece in the initial state The X and Y zero points are on the center line of tooling 1, and the Z zero point is on the upper plane of tooling 1.
[0028] S1.2.1 Use a dial indicator to level the upper surface of the fixture. The flatness should not exceed 0.02mm.
[0029] S1.2.2 Rough milling of the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame 1.
[0030] Use Φ50mm disc milling cutter, tool compensation R25.1mm, rotation speed (1200±100)r / min, cut 2.5mm each time, and feed to the bottom with a feed rate of (800±50)mm / min.
[0031] S1.2.3 Fine milling of the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame 1.
[0032] Use a Φ16mm carbide milling cutter with a tool compensation of R8mm and a rotation speed of (3000±100)r / min, directly go down to the starting point of the inclined surface 13, and the feed rate is (300±30)mm / min.
[0033] S1.2.4 Check that the symmetry between the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame 1 and the outer circle of the ring 2 is not greater than 0.02mm.
[0034] S2 rough milling height, U-shaped groove 15 and second step hole 11 on the ring 2 S2.1 Position and clamp the workpiece, such as Figure 7 Shown Place one side of the large cylinder of the workpiece vertically upward, and use a flat-mouthed vise 21 to tighten the upper flange of the geometric frame 1, that is, use the flat-mouthed vise 21 to clamp the front and rear sides of the large cylinder near one end of the small cylinder.
[0035] The end face of the large cylinder away from the small cylinder is roughly milled, thereby roughly milling the height of the frame 1. The two vertical faces and one horizontal face of the U-shaped groove 15 of the large cylinder are roughly milled. The opening of the first machined through hole 14 close to the U-shaped groove 15 is roughly milled, thereby roughly milling the second step hole 11 on the ring 2.
[0036] S2.2 Processing the workpiece The X and Y zero points are at the center of the workpiece, and the Z zero point is on the upper plane (with a 1mm margin).
[0037] S2.2.1 Mill the upper plane, leaving a 1mm margin.
[0038] Use a Φ80mm disc milling cutter, with a rotation speed of (600±100) r / min, cutting 2mm each time, and a feed rate of (400±50) mm / min.
[0039] S2.2.2 Rough milling of U-shaped groove 15.
[0040] Use Φ25×R4mm high-speed milling cutter, tool compensation R13.5mm. In the bottom direction of U-shaped groove 15, the depth is from 4mm above the bottom plane of U-shaped groove 15 to the bottom plane of U-shaped groove 15 (leaving 1mm margin), the speed is (2200±100)r / min, the cutting is 1mm each time, and the feed rate is (1200±100)mm / min. In the side direction, the depth is down to the bottom of U-shaped groove 15, and the cutting is 2mm each time. The speed and feed rate are the same as above.
[0041] S2.2.3 Rough milling of the second step hole 11 on the circular ring 2.
[0042] A Φ20×R2 mm high-speed milling cutter with a tool compensation of R11 mm is used. The depth is from the bottom of the U-shaped groove 15 to the lower plane of the second step hole 11 on the ring 2. The speed is (2200±100) r / min, the cutting depth is 1 mm each time, and the feed rate is (1000±50) mm / min.
[0043] S3 Rough milling of the left and right sides of the frame S3.1 Position and clamp the workpiece through the three pairs of fixtures, such as Figure 8 , 9 Shown The tooling 3 includes a second block 22 and a second positioning column 23. The second block 22 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the second positioning column 23 is a cylindrical structure, one end of the second positioning column 23 is fixedly arranged at the center of one side end face of the second block 22, and the second positioning column 23 is perpendicular to the end face of the second block 22.
[0044] Place the workpiece inside the flat-mouth vise 21, and pad the bottom of the workpiece with a standard shim of 8mm thickness. At this time, the axis of the workpiece's ring 2 is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise 21. The end face of the second positioning column 23 of the tooling three away from the second block 22 contacts the bottom plane of the second step hole 11 of the workpiece, and the square plane on one side of the second block 22 of the tooling three contacts the inner side of the U-shaped groove 15 of the workpiece. The flat-mouth vise 21 is used to clamp the combination of the workpiece and the tooling three along the axial direction of the workpiece (main clamping), and a damping block 24 is set at the bottom of the workpiece's geometric frame 1. The damping block 24 is located at the upper end of the second block 22 of the tooling three. The workpiece and the damping block 24 are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by the flat-mouth vise 21 (auxiliary clamping).
[0045] S3.2 Processing the workpiece The X zero point is at the center of the workpiece, the Y zero point is at the upper end surface of the ring 2, and the Z zero point is at the upper side surface of the upper outer ear 3 (with a 1mm margin in the height direction).
[0046] S3.2.1 Rough mill the side height, leaving a 1mm margin.
[0047] The original height margin is 3mm, 2mm is milled off, and 1mm margin is left. Use Φ80mm disc milling cutter, speed (700±30)r / min, feed (400±50)mm / min.
[0048] S3.2.2 Rough mill the side depth, leaving a 1mm margin on each side and depth.
[0049] Use Φ25×R4mm high-speed milling cutter, tool compensation R13.5mm, rotation speed (2500±100)r / min, cut 1mm each time, feed rate (1200±100)mm / min, down to the bottom surface of the side.
[0050] S4 Fine milling U-shaped groove 15 S4.1 Use tooling 4-25 to position and clamp the workpiece, such as Fig.10 , 11 Shown The tooling 4 25 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The tooling 4 25 is placed inside the flat-mouthed vise 21, and the circular ring 2 of the workpiece is placed vertically downward on the upper end of the tooling 4 25, and the flat-mouthed vise 21 is used to clamp the front and rear sides of the shaped frame 1. The dial indicator is used to align the inner hole of the circular ring 2, and the deformation shall not be greater than 0.01mm, otherwise it is re-tightened.
[0051] S4.2 Processing the workpiece The X and Y zero points are at the center of the workpiece, and the Z zero point is on the upper plane (with a 1mm margin in the height direction).
[0052] S4.2.1 Rough milling of U-shaped groove 15 and bottom surface.
[0053] Use Φ25×R4mm high-speed milling cutter, tool compensation R12.6mm. In the groove bottom direction, the depth is down to the groove bottom, leaving a margin of 0.2mm, the speed is (2200±100)r / min, each time the cut is 1mm, and the feed rate is (1200±100)mm / min. In the side direction, the depth is down to the groove bottom, leaving a margin of 0.2mm, each time the cut is 1mm, the speed and feed are the same as above.
[0054] S4.2.2 Rough milling of the second step hole 11 of the ring 2 Use Φ20×R2mm high-speed milling cutter, tool compensation R10.1mm, depth from the bottom of the groove to the lower plane of the second step hole 11 of the ring 2, speed (2200±100)r / min, each cut 1mm, feed rate (1000±50)mm / min. Cut to the lower plane of the second step hole 11 of the ring 2 alone, keep the speed unchanged, feed rate (200±20)mm / min, and finish mill the lower plane of the second step hole 11 of the ring 2.
[0055] S4.2.3 Rough mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the hole 9.
[0056] Use a Φ16mm high-speed milling cutter with a tool compensation of R8.3mm, and cut to the bottom of the outer side of the lower flange outside the light hole 9. Rough mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the light hole 9 at a speed of (2500±100) r / min, with each cut being 1mm and a feed rate of (1000±100) mm / min.
[0057] S4.2.4 Finish milling the bottom surface of the slot.
[0058] Use Φ16mm carbide milling cutter, cutter compensation R8mm, go down to the bottom of the groove, and finish mill the bottom of the groove. First mill a cut in the middle of the groove, then make another cut with the cutter compensation R4mm, the speed is (1800±100)r / min, and the feed rate is (200±20)mm / min.
[0059] S4.2.5 Finish mill the outer edge of the lower flange outside the light hole 9.
[0060] Use a Φ16mm carbide milling cutter with a tool compensation of R8mm, and mill to the depth of the bottom of the outer side of the lower flange outside the light hole 9. Finish mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the light hole 9 with a rotation speed of (1800±100) r / min and a feed rate of (200±30) mm / min.
[0061] S4.2.6 Finish milling of slot sides.
[0062] A Φ20×R4mm carbide milling cutter with a tool compensation of R9.97mm is used for fine milling of the groove. The first cut is made to 3 / 5 of the groove depth, and the second cut is made to the bottom of the groove. The speed is (1000±50)r / min and the feed rate is (200±20)mm / min.
[0063] S4.2.7 Finish milling the second step hole 11 of the ring 2.
[0064] A Φ20×R2mm carbide milling cutter with a tool compensation of R9.98mm was used, the depth of which was down to the lower plane of the second step hole 11 of the ring 2, leaving a 0.01mm margin, a rotation speed of (1600±50)r / min, and a feed rate of (240±20)mm / min.
[0065] S4.2.8 The opening of the first step hole 10 of the ring 2 is chamfered on the side close to the second step hole 11.
[0066] Use a carbide chamfering milling cutter with a tool compensation of R4mm, a depth of 0.2mm, a bottom hole chamfer, a rotation speed of (1400±100)r / min, and a feed rate of (150±50)mm / min.
[0067] S5 finishing height S5.1 Position and clamp the workpiece, such as Fig.12 Shown Place the workpiece inside the flat jaw vise 21 with the workpiece's ring 2 pointing vertically downward and the extension direction of the workpiece's U-shaped groove 15 consistent with the clamping direction of the flat jaw vise 21 . Use the flat jaw vise 21 to clamp the upper flanges on both sides of the workpiece's geometric frame 1 .
[0068] S5.2 Processing the workpiece The X and Y zero points are at the center of the workpiece, and the Z zero point is on the upper plane.
[0069] S5.2.1 Finishing height.
[0070] Use a Φ80mm disc milling cutter, with a rotation speed of (700±30)r / min, a feed rate of (260±20)mm / min, and a milling height allowance of 1mm.
[0071] S6 Fine milling of the left and right sides of the geometric frame 1 S6.1 Position and clamp the workpiece through the six tools, such as Fig.13 , 14 Shown The tooling 6 includes a third block 26 and a third positioning column 27. The third block 26 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the third positioning column 27 is a cylindrical structure. One end of the third positioning column 27 is fixedly arranged at the center of one end surface of the third block 26, and the third positioning column 27 is perpendicular to the end surface of the third block 26.
[0072] Place the workpiece inside the flat-mouth vise 21, and pad the bottom of the workpiece with a standard shim of 8mm thickness. At this time, the axis of the workpiece's ring 2 is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise 21. The end face of the third positioning column 27 of the tool six away from the third block 26 contacts the bottom plane of the second step hole 11 of the workpiece, and the square plane on one side of the third block 26 of the tool six contacts the inner side of the U-shaped groove 15 of the workpiece. The flat-mouth vise 21 is used to clamp the combination of the workpiece and the tool six along the axial direction of the workpiece (main clamping), and a damping block 24 is set at the bottom of the workpiece's frame 1. The damping block 24 is located at the upper end of the third block 26 of the tool six. The workpiece and the damping block 24 are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by the flat-mouth vise 21 (auxiliary clamping).
[0073] S6.2 Processing the workpiece S6.2.1 Semi-finish milling of sides and bottom.
[0074] Use Φ25×R4mm high-speed milling cutter with tool compensation R12.6mm to mill the outer ears 3 and the edge, cut 1mm each time, and reach the bottom surface with a margin of 0.3mm. The speed is (2200±100)r / min and the feed rate is (1000±100)mm / min.
[0075] S6.2.2 Finish milling of bottom surface.
[0076] Use a Φ12mm high-speed milling cutter to fine-mill the bottom surface. Be careful not to damage the outer circle of ring 2 and avoid R4mm fillet. The speed is (3700±100) r / min and the feed rate is (130±15) mm / min.
[0077] S6.2.3 Finish milling of the side surfaces.
[0078] Use a Φ20×R4mm carbide milling cutter with a tool compensation of R10mm to fine-mill the lower flange on the outside of the light hole 9 and the outer ear 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12, with a depth down to the bottom surface, leaving a margin of 0.02mm, a rotation speed of (1100±100)r / min, and a feed rate of (240±30)mm / min.
[0079] S7 threaded hole machining 12 S7.1 Position and clamp the workpiece using tooling 728, such as Fig.15 , 16 Shown The tooling 7 28 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the tooling 7 28 is placed inside the flat jaw vise 21, and a square groove is provided on the upper end surface of the tooling 7 28. The workpiece is placed on the upper end of the tooling 7 28, with the circular ring 2 of the workpiece pointing vertically upward, and the extension direction of the annular groove of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat jaw vise 21, and the lower flanges on both sides of the geometric frame 1 of the workpiece are clamped by the flat jaw vise 21.
[0080] S7.2 Processing the workpiece The X and Y zero points are at the center of the workpiece, and the Z zero point is at the upper end surface of the threaded hole 12.
[0081] S7.2.1 Drill the center hole.
[0082] Use a Φ3mm carbide center drill to drill the center holes on both sides, with a rotation speed of (2000±100) r / min and a feed rate of (70±20) mm / min.
[0083] S7.2.2 Drill the holes 9.
[0084] Use a Φ13mm carbide drill bit, drill to a depth of 4mm to the lower plane of the 9 ears of the light hole, drill 1mm each time, rotate at (2200±100)r / min, and feed at (100±20)mm / min.
[0085] S7.2.3 Rough mill the outer contour of the threaded bottom hole and the outer side of the external lug 3 of the threaded hole 12.
[0086] a) Rough milling of the thread bottom hole.
[0087] Use Φ12mm carbide milling cutter to rough mill the bottom hole of the thread, with a tool compensation of R6.15mm, and a depth of 1mm below the plane of the 12 ears of the threaded hole. Cut 3mm each time, with a rotation speed of (3000±100) r / min and a feed rate of (300±50) mm / min.
[0088] b) Rough milling of the outer contour of the outer lug 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12.
[0089] Rough milling of the outer edge and fillet of the outer ear 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12, with a tool compensation of R6.15mm, feed the tool directly from the fillet in the y direction, with a depth of 1mm down to the lower plane of the ear of the threaded hole 12, and cut 3mm each time, with a rotation speed of (3000±100) r / min and a feed rate of (300±50) mm / min.
[0090] S7.2.4 Finish milling of the threaded bottom hole and the outer contour of the outer lug 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12 a) Finish milling of thread bottom hole Use Φ12mm carbide milling cutter to finish mill the threaded bottom hole, with a tool compensation of R6mm, and a depth of 1mm directly down to the lower plane of the outer ear 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12, with a rotation speed of (3800±100) r / min and a feed rate of (300±50) mm / min.
[0091] b) Fine milling the outer contour of the outer lug 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12.
[0092] Finish mill the outside of the outer ear 3 and the fillet on the outside of the threaded hole 12, with a tool compensation of R6mm, and feed in the y direction directly from the fillet to a depth of 1mm below the lower plane of the outer ear 3 on the outside of the threaded hole 12. The speed is (3800±100) r / min, and the feed rate is (300±50) mm / min.
[0093] S7.2.5 Finish milling of threaded holes 12 A carbide thread milling cutter is used, and the cutter compensation is divided into three cuts to pick the thread. The depth of the threaded hole 12 is 1.1mm, the lower plane of the outer ear 3 on the outside is 1.1mm, the rotation speed is (1600±50)r / min, and the feed rate is (100±20)mm / min.
[0094] S8 fine milling bevel 13 and chamfer S8.1 Position and clamp the workpiece using tooling 829, such as Fig.17 , 18 Shown The tooling 8 29 is a cubic structure, and an inclined groove 30 is provided on both sides of the upper end surface of the tooling 8 29 . The two inclined grooves 30 correspond to the two inclined surfaces 13 on the first vertical plate 7 of the workpiece respectively. When the inclined surface 13 is finely milled, the inclined grooves 30 are used to let the tool go.
[0095] The tool 8 29 is placed inside the U-shaped groove 15 of the workpiece so that the two inclined grooves 30 of the tool 8 29 correspond to the two inclined surfaces 13 on the first vertical plate 7 of the workpiece. Then the combination of the tool 8 29 and the workpiece is placed inside the flat jaw vise 21 so that the axial direction of the ring 2 of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat jaw vise 21, and the flat jaw vise 21 clamps the end face of the ring 2 and the end face of the tool 8 29.
[0096] S8.2 Processing the workpiece The machining zero points X and Y are at the center of the workpiece, and the Z zero is at the upper end surface of the threaded hole 12.
[0097] The X zero point is at the center of the workpiece, the Y zero point is at the upper end surface of the outer circle of the ring 2, and the Z zero point is at the upper side plane of the lower flange outside the light hole 9 (the height dimension has been processed).
[0098] S8.2.1 Rough milling of bevel 13.
[0099] Use Φ20mm high-speed milling, tool compensation R10.15mm, depth down to the upper side of the groove, 1mm each time, speed (2200±100)r / min, feed value is divided into 3 types: close to the tool (1500±100)mm / min, milling inclined surface 13 (700±100)mm / min, milling free space (3000±200)mm / min.
[0100] S8.2.2 Fine milling of bevel 13.
[0101] A Φ20mm carbide milling cutter is used with a tool compensation of R10mm. The depth is directly 0.5mm below the upper side of the groove. The speed is (2200±100) r / min. The feed value is divided into three types: close to the tool (800±100) mm / min, milling the inclined surface 13 (300±50) mm / min, and milling the empty space (3000±200) mm / min.
[0102] S8.2.3 Chamfer.
[0103] Use a carbide chamfering cutter, make one cut at a depth of -1.5mm, and another cut at a depth of -2mm, with a rotation speed of (2000±100) r / min and a feed rate of (300±30) mm / min.
[0104] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.
Claims
1. A method for processing a composite structure of a geometric frame and a circular ring, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1 Milling the front and rear ends of the shaped frame (1) S1.1 Position and clamp the workpiece in the initial state through a pair of fixtures; S1.2 Process the workpiece in its initial state; S1.2.1 Use a dial indicator to level the upper surface of the tooling; S1.2.2 Rough milling of the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame (1); S1.2.3 Fine mill the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame (1); S1.2.4 Check the symmetry between the front and rear end surfaces of the geometric frame (1) and the outer circle of the ring (2); S2 rough milling height, U-shaped groove (15) and second stepped hole (11) on the ring (2) S2.1 Position and clamp the workpiece; S2.2 Processing the workpiece; S2.2.1 Milling the upper plane; S2.2.2 Rough milling of U-shaped groove (15); S2.2.3 Rough milling of the second stepped hole (11) on the circular ring (2); S3 Rough milling of the left and right sides of the geometric frame (1) S3.1 Positioning and clamping of workpieces by three pairs of fixtures S3.2 Processing the workpiece; S3.2.1 Rough milling side height; S3.2.2 Rough milling side depth; S4 Fine milling U-shaped groove (15) S4.1 Use tool 4 (25) to position and clamp the workpiece; S4.2 Processing the workpiece; S4.2.1 Rough milling of the U-shaped groove (15) and bottom surface; S4.2.2 Rough mill the second step hole (11) of the ring (2); S4.2.3 Rough mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the hole (9); S4.2.4 Finish milling of the bottom surface of the slot; S4.2.5 Finish mill the outer side of the lower flange outside the smooth hole (9); S4.2.6 Finish milling of slot sides; S4.2.7 Finish milling the second step hole (11) of the ring (2); S4.2.8 The chamfer of the first stepped hole (10) of the ring (2) on the side close to the second stepped hole (11); S5 finishing height S5.1 Position and clamp the workpiece; S5.2 Finishing height; S6 Fine milling of the left and right sides of the geometric frame (1) S6.1 Position and clamp the workpiece through the six-pair tooling; S6.2 Processing the workpiece S6.2.1 Semi-finishing of the sides and bottom; S6.2.2 Finish milling of bottom surface; S6.2.3 Finish milling of side surfaces; S7 threaded holes (12) S7.1 Position and clamp the workpiece using tool seven (28); S7.2 Processing workpieces; S7.2.1 Drilling center hole; S7.2.2 Drilling holes (9); S7.2.3 Rough milling of the threaded bottom hole and the outer contour of the outer lug (3) on the outside of the threaded hole (12); a) Rough milling of the threaded bottom hole; b) Rough milling of the outer contour of the outer lug (3) outside the threaded hole (12); S7.2.4 Finish milling the threaded bottom hole and the outer contour of the external lug (3) outside the threaded hole (12); a) precision milling of the threaded bottom hole; b) precision milling of the outer contour of the outer lug (3) on the outside of the threaded hole (12); S7.2.5 Finish milling of threaded holes (12); S8 fine milling bevel (13) and chamfer S8.1 Position and clamp the workpiece using tooling eight (29); S8.2 Processing the workpiece S8.2.1 Rough milling of bevel (13); S8.2.2 Fine milling of bevel (13); S8.2.3 Chamfer.
2. A method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1.1, the tooling 1 comprises a first block (16), a first positioning column (17), a first threaded column (18), a first washer (19), and a first nut (20); the first block (16) is a horizontally arranged rectangular parallelepiped structure; the first positioning column (17) is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the first positioning column (17) is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the first block (16); the first threaded column (18) is vertically arranged, and the outer side surface of the first threaded column (18) is provided with an external thread, and the lower end of the first threaded column (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the first positioning column (17); the first washer (19) is sleeved on the outer side of the first threaded column (18); the first nut (20) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first threaded column (18); The flat-mouth vise (21) clamps the first block (16), and then the workpiece in the initial state is sleeved on the outer sides of the first positioning column (17) and the first threaded column (18), so that the extension direction of the U-shaped groove (15) inside the workpiece in the initial state is kept perpendicular to the front and rear end surfaces of the first block (16), and the upper end of the first threaded column (18) extends from the third through hole of the ring (2). A first washer (19) is sleeved on the outer side of the first threaded column (18), and the first washer (19) contacts the upper end surface of the ring (2). A first nut (20) is screwed on the upper end of the first threaded column (18), and the first nut (20) is tightened so that the first nut (20) is in close contact with the first washer (19), thereby clamping and fixing the workpiece in the initial state on the flat-mouth vise (21).
3. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2.1, the large cylindrical side of the workpiece is placed vertically upward, and the upper flange of the shaped frame (1) is fastened with a flat-mouthed vise (21), that is, the front and rear sides of the large cylinder close to one end of the small cylinder are clamped with a flat-mouthed vise (21).
4. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3.1, the tooling three comprises a second block (22) and a second positioning column (23); the second block (22) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the second positioning column (23) is a cylindrical structure, one end of the second positioning column (23) is fixedly arranged at the center of one end face of the second block (22), and the second positioning column (23) is perpendicular to the end face of the second block (22); the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise (21), and a standard shim of 8 mm thickness is placed under the workpiece, at which time the axis of the workpiece's ring (2) is kept consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise (21); tooling three The end face of the second positioning column (23) away from the second block (22) contacts the bottom plane of the second step hole (11) of the workpiece, and the square plane of the second block (22) of the tooling three contacts the inner side of the U-shaped groove (15) of the workpiece; a flat-mouthed vise (21) is used to clamp the workpiece and the assembly of the tooling three along the axial direction of the workpiece, a damping block (24) is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece's shaped frame (1), the damping block (24) is located at the upper end of the second block (22) of the tooling three, and the workpiece and the damping block (24) are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by the flat-mouthed vise (21).
5. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4.1, the tooling four (25) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; the tooling four (25) is placed inside a flat-mouthed vise (21), the circular ring (2) of the workpiece is placed vertically downward on the upper end of the tooling four (25), and the flat-mouthed vise (21) is used to clamp the front and rear sides of the shaped frame (1).
6. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5.1, the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouthed vise (21), with the circular ring (2) of the workpiece facing vertically downward and the extension direction of the U-shaped groove (15) of the workpiece being consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouthed vise (21), and the upper flanges on both sides of the geometric frame (1) of the workpiece are clamped by the flat-mouthed vise (21).
7. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6.1, the tool six comprises a third block (26) and a third positioning column (27); the third block (26) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the third positioning column (27) is a cylindrical structure, one end of the third positioning column (27) is fixedly arranged at the center of one end surface of the third block (26), and the third positioning column (27) is perpendicular to the end surface of the third block (26); the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouth vise (21), and a standard shim of 8 mm thickness is placed under the workpiece, at which time the axis of the workpiece's ring (2) is kept consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouth vise (21); tool six The end face of the third positioning column (27) away from the third block (26) contacts the bottom plane of the second step hole (11) of the workpiece, and the square plane on one side of the third block (26) of the tool six contacts the inner side of the U-shaped groove (15) of the workpiece; a flat-mouthed vise (21) is used to clamp the workpiece and the assembly of the tool six along the axial direction of the workpiece, and a damping block (24) is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece's shaped frame (1), the damping block (24) is located at the upper end of the third block (26) of the tool six, and the workpiece and the damping block (24) are clamped along the axial direction of the workpiece by the flat-mouthed vise (21).
8. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7.1, the tooling seven (28) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the tooling seven (28) is placed inside a flat-mouthed vise (21), and a square groove is provided on the upper end surface of the tooling seven (28); the workpiece is placed on the upper end of the tooling seven (28), the circular ring (2) of the workpiece is vertically upward, the extension direction of the annular groove of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouthed vise (21), and the lower flanges on both sides of the geometric frame (1) of the workpiece are clamped by the flat-mouthed vise (21).
9. The method for processing a composite structure of a polygonal frame and annular ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8.1, the tooling eight (29) is a cubic structure, and an inclined groove (30) is respectively provided on both sides of the upper end surface of the tooling eight (29), and the two inclined grooves (30) respectively correspond to the two inclined surfaces (13) on the first vertical plate (7) of the workpiece; the tooling eight (29) is placed inside the U-shaped groove (15) of the workpiece, so that the two inclined grooves (30) of the tooling eight (29) correspond to the two inclined surfaces (13) on the first vertical plate (7) of the workpiece; then the assembly of the tooling eight (29) and the workpiece is placed inside a flat-mouthed vise (21), so that the axial direction of the circular ring (2) of the workpiece is consistent with the clamping direction of the flat-mouthed vise (21), and the flat-mouthed vise (21) clamps the end surface of the circular ring (2) and the end surface of the tooling eight (29).