Composite structural material and method for its production and use

Abstract

The application discloses a composite structural material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) taking superfine soft stainless steel wire rope as a base material, and weaving the superfine soft stainless steel wire rope into a crochet piece by taking a crochet needle as a tool; (2) folding the crochet piece for multiple times to form a stainless steel base body with multiple layers of crochet pieces; and (3) adopting polyether ether ketone fibers to stitch the stainless steel base body along the thickness direction of the stainless steel base body, so that the multiple layers of crochet pieces are connected, and the composite structural material is obtained. The composite structural material prepared by the preparation method has high heat resistance, high wear resistance, high heat dissipation, high lubricity and high toughness, and the preparation method has simple preparation process and few material composition types.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of composite materials and lubrication materials, specifically to a composite structural material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Approximately one-third to one-half of the world's energy is consumed in various forms due to friction. Wear accounts for about 80% of the scrapping of mechanical parts. Therefore, effectively improving the performance of friction pairs in mechanical transmissions plays a crucial role in achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, lowering production costs, extending machine lifespan, improving equipment reliability, and reducing downtime maintenance costs.

[0003] Among existing friction materials, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semi-crystalline aromatic thermoplastic engineering plastic. Compared with other polymers, it possesses the highest comprehensive properties, including heat resistance, high mechanical strength, excellent wear resistance, and chemical resistance. However, as a thermoplastic engineering plastic, PEEK also has some drawbacks, such as high brittleness, significant heat accumulation, poor heat dissipation, and poor shear properties. To ensure the reliability of friction pairs, increasingly higher requirements are placed on the comprehensive performance of friction materials, requiring good heat resistance, excellent wear resistance, good heat dissipation, good lubrication, and high toughness. Although existing technologies use PEEK-based composite coatings to improve tribological properties, these coatings involve diverse material compositions, high costs, and complex preparation processes, and they do not meet all the aforementioned requirements, lacking good lubrication and heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a method for preparing composite structural materials. The composite structural materials prepared by this method have high heat resistance, high wear resistance, high heat dissipation, high lubricity, and high toughness. Moreover, the preparation method is simple and involves a small number of material components.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a composite structural material prepared by the above-described preparation method.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of a composite structural material in friction pairs.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for preparing a composite structural material includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Using ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope as the base material, and using a crochet hook as a tool, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope is woven into a crochet sheet;

[0010] (2) The woven sheet is folded multiple times to form a stainless steel substrate with multiple layers of woven sheets;

[0011] (3) Along the thickness direction of the stainless steel substrate, polyether ether ketone fiber is used to sew the stainless steel substrate together, thereby connecting the multi-layer woven sheets to obtain a composite structural material.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for preparing composite structural materials involves weaving ultrafine soft stainless steel wire ropes into hook-woven sheets, giving the hook-woven sheets a porous structure. These porous structures can store lubricant, enabling the composite structural material to achieve high lubricity. In the absence of oil lubrication, it provides its own lubrication, resulting in excellent friction reduction and wear resistance. By stitching the stainless steel matrix with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers, the rigidity and strength of the composite structural material can be enhanced. This allows the composite structural material to possess the advantages of both stainless steel and PEEK. Stainless steel has good toughness and fast heat dissipation, resulting in the composite structural material having high heat resistance, high wear resistance, high heat dissipation, high lubricity, and high toughness.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), a continuous ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope is used to weave a hook-and-loop sheet, resulting in a regular porous structure with interlocking and interwoven fibers. The purpose is to ensure that the hook-and-loop sheet is highly uniform, with consistent performance at all locations, thus guaranteeing structural stability. Simultaneously, the regular porous structure can store lubricant, giving the composite material a self-lubricating effect and improving lubricity.

[0014] Preferably, in step (3), after the stainless steel substrate is stitched together with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers, a PEEK fiber layer is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel substrate. This aims to improve the wear resistance of the composite material surface and also to give the composite material a self-lubricating surface layer.

[0015] Preferably, the polyetheretherketone fiber is a continuous fiber, which is a polyetheretherketone monofilament or a polyetheretherketone multifilament.

[0016] Preferably, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope has a diameter of 0.5 mm and is made of multiple stainless steel fibers twisted together.

[0017] A composite structural material is prepared by the above-described preparation method. The composite structural material includes a stainless steel matrix with a regular porous structure, and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers sewn onto the stainless steel matrix. The composite structural material prepared using PEEK fibers and ultrafine soft stainless steel wire rope as raw materials forms a self-lubricating oil-containing fiber composite structural material.

[0018] Application of a composite structural material in friction pairs.

[0019] Preferably, the friction pair is a bearing, including an inner ring of the bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing has two or more annular grooves. The multiple annular grooves are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the inner ring of the bearing, and the composite structural material is filled in the annular grooves.

[0020] Preferably, the friction pair is a ball-head bearing, including a ball-cup bushing, the inner surface of which has two or more annular grooves, and the composite structural material is filled in the annular grooves.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The method for preparing the composite structural material in this invention uses polyetheretherketone fiber and ultrafine soft stainless steel wire rope as raw materials. The composite structural material is obtained by weaving and sewing. The material composition is simple and the preparation process is easy. The materials do not repel each other.

[0023] 2. The method for preparing the composite structural material in this invention involves weaving ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope into a hook-woven sheet, which gives the hook-woven sheet a porous structure. These porous structures can store lubricant, enabling the composite structural material to achieve high lubricity. In the absence of oil lubrication, it provides lubrication on its own, thus playing a good role in reducing friction and wear resistance.

[0024] 3. The method for preparing the composite structural material in this invention involves stitching a stainless steel matrix with polyether ether ketone (PEEK) fibers, which enhances the rigidity and strength of the composite structural material. This allows the composite structural material to possess the advantages of both stainless steel and PEEK. Stainless steel has good toughness and fast heat dissipation, resulting in a composite structural material with high heat resistance, high wear resistance, high heat dissipation, high lubricity, and high toughness. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite structural material in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of step (1.1) in the medium-long needle crochet method of the present invention.

[0027] Figures 3-4 This is a schematic diagram of step (1.2) in the medium-long needle crochet method of the present invention.

[0028] Figures 5-6 This is a schematic diagram of step (1.3) in the medium-long needle crochet method of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the polyetheretherketone fiber stitching method in the composite structural material of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing inner ring in this invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing inner ring filled with composite structural material in this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ball-and-socket bushing in this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ball-and-socket bushing filled with a composite structural material in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] See Figures 1-7 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite structural material, including the following steps:

[0037] (1) Using ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 as the base material and using a crochet hook 3 as the tool, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is woven into a crochet sheet 4-1;

[0038] (2) The crocheted sheet 4-1 is folded multiple times or multiple crocheted sheets 4-1 are overlapped to form a stainless steel substrate 4 with multiple layers of crocheted sheets 4-1;

[0039] (3) Along the thickness direction of the stainless steel substrate 4, polyether ether ketone fiber 5 is used to sew the stainless steel substrate 4, thereby connecting the multi-layer woven sheet 4-1 to obtain the composite structure material 8.

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite structural material 8 involves using ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2, which has flexibility. The ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is woven into a hook-and-loop sheet 4-1, giving the hook-and-loop sheet 4-1 a porous structure. These porous structures can store lubricant, enabling the composite structural material 8 to achieve high lubricity. In the absence of oil lubrication, it provides its own lubrication, resulting in excellent friction reduction and wear resistance. By stitching the stainless steel matrix 4 with polyetheretherketone fiber 5, the rigidity and strength of the composite structural material 8 can be enhanced. This allows the composite structural material 8 to possess the advantages of both stainless steel and polyetheretherketone. Stainless steel has good toughness and fast heat dissipation, resulting in the composite structural material 8 having high heat resistance, high wear resistance, high heat dissipation, high lubricity, and high toughness.

[0041] See Figures 1-6In step (1), a continuous ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is used to weave a hook-and-loop sheet 4-1, so that the hook-and-loop sheet 4-1 has a regular porous structure with interlocking and interwoven parts. The purpose is to make the hook-and-loop sheet 4-1 very uniform and with consistent performance at all positions by using a continuous ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 to weave the hook-and-loop sheet 4-1, ensuring the stability of the structure. At the same time, the regular porous structure can store lubricant, so that the composite structural material 8 has a self-lubricating effect and improves lubricity.

[0042] See Figures 1-7 The specific steps in step (1) are as follows: using 0.5 mm 316L ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 as the base material, and using a 0.5 mm crochet hook 3 as the tool, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is crocheted into a crochet piece 4-1 using a chain stitch start and a half double crochet method. The specific steps of the half double crochet method are as follows:

[0043] (1.1) As Figure 2 As shown, the line is hung on the crochet hook 3 (that is, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is hung on it; specifically, the line is hung on the head of the crochet hook 3, and the head of the hook is the hook part), and the two ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire ropes 2 of the head needle of the previous row are inserted.

[0044] (1.2) such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the hook 3 then hooks the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 and pulls it through the hole in the opposite direction of the insertion of the hook 3. Figure 3 (In the direction indicated by the arrow) Pull out the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2. The length of the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 pulled out is approximately the length of the 2 lock pins.

[0045] (1.3) such as Figures 5-6 As shown, hook 3 is re-attached with yarn (i.e., the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is attached), following the direction towards the tail of hook 3 ( Figure 5 (In the direction indicated by the arrow) Pull out the hook 3. The tip of the hook 3 passes through the loops of the three ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire ropes 2 in sequence to complete one half double crochet.

[0046] (1.4) such as Figures 2-6 As shown, repeat this crochet method (the steps above) until the desired size is obtained, thus completing the crochet sheet weaving.

[0047] See Figure 1 In step (3), after the stainless steel substrate 4 is stitched together with polyetheretherketone fiber 5, a layer of polyetheretherketone fiber 5 is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel substrate 4. The purpose is to improve the wear resistance of the surface of the composite structural material 8, and at the same time, to make the surface of the composite structural material 8 have a self-lubricating surface layer.

[0048] See Figure 1In step (2), the crocheted piece 4-1 is a flexible crocheted piece 4-1 that can be folded. The stainless steel substrate 4 formed by repeated folding is a volumetric structural material with a certain thickness. In step (3), the specific steps of stitching the stainless steel substrate 4 with polyetheretherketone fiber 5 along the thickness direction of the stainless steel substrate 4 are as follows: the polyetheretherketone fiber 5 passes through the upper (lower) surface of the stainless steel substrate 4 upwards (downwards), through the interior of the stainless steel substrate 4, and then out through the upper (lower) surface of the stainless steel substrate 4. Then, the polyetheretherketone fiber 5 passes through the upper (lower) surface of the stainless steel substrate 4, through the interior of the stainless steel substrate 4, and then out through the lower (upper) surface of the stainless steel substrate 4. The above steps are repeated so that the upper and lower surfaces and the interior of the stainless steel substrate 4 are covered with polyetheretherketone fiber 5, thereby forming a layer of polyetheretherketone fiber 5 on the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel substrate 4.

[0049] See Figure 1 and Figure 7 The crocheted piece 4-1 is a row unit with rows of rows ( Figure 7 The row in the diagram represents a row unit. Between each row unit is a row of half double crochet stitches, with multiple half double crochet stitches arranged along the direction the row unit extends. In the vertical direction, the row units of crochet piece 4-1 are aligned after folding.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 7 In step (3), during sewing, the polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers are sewn together along the direction of the medium-length needles between two rows of units (similar to sewing clothes, so that the PEEK fibers 5 are pulsed). The PEEK fibers 5 are inserted into the stainless steel substrate 4 between two adjacent medium-length needles, and each row of medium-length needles is sewn at least once. There are two sewing methods for sewing the stainless steel substrate 4. The first sewing method (sewing method one) is to sew sequentially according to the two adjacent intervals of the medium-length needles of the crochet piece 4-1, that is, the PEEK fibers are inserted into the stainless steel substrate 4 at intervals of two medium-length needles. The second sewing method (sewing method two) is to sew according to the single interval of the medium-length needles of the crochet piece 4-1, that is, the PEEK fibers are inserted into the stainless steel substrate 4 at intervals of one medium-length needle. In this way, a composite structural material 8 with metal fiber material (stainless steel fiber) as the matrix can be obtained. The sewing of the PEEK fibers 5 along the direction of the medium-length needles (longitudinal) not only serves to connect the crochet piece 4-1, but also serves to enhance the rigidity and strength of the composite structural material 8. Simultaneously, a layer of polyetheretherketone fiber 5 is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the composite structural material 8, which also forms a surface layer with self-lubricating properties. The upper and lower surfaces of the composite structural material 8 are composed of a metal fiber layer and a polyetheretherketone fiber 5 layer.

[0051] See Figure 1The polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fiber 5 is a continuous fiber, which can be a PEEK monofilament or a PEEK multifilament. The diameter of the PEEK monofilament is 0.2 to 0.5 mm; the PEEK multifilament types are: 115D / 30F, 125D / 30F, 250D / 60F, 500D / 120F, and 1107D / 120F. Wherein, D represents fineness, the weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn; the larger the number, the thicker the yarn. In knitted garments, D is generally 20D, 30D, 45D, 75D, etc., with a larger number indicating less elasticity in the fabric. F stands for the first letter of filament, indicating the number of fine fibers in a single chemical fiber, i.e., the number of filaments in this embodiment.

[0052] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 has a diameter of 0.5 mm and is made of 316L stainless steel, consisting of multiple stainless steel fibers twisted together. Specifically, in this embodiment, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 is made of 49 stainless steel fibers twisted together.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] See Figures 1-2 This embodiment discloses a composite structural material, which is prepared by the preparation method described in Example 1. The composite structural material 8 includes a stainless steel matrix 4 with a regular porous structure, and polyetheretherketone fibers 5 are sewn onto the stainless steel matrix 4. The composite structural material 8 is prepared by using polyetheretherketone fibers 5 and ultrafine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 as raw materials, so that the composite structural material 8 forms a self-lubricating oil-containing fiber composite structural material.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] See Figures 8-9 This embodiment discloses the application of a composite structural material in a friction pair as described in Embodiment 2.

[0057] See Figures 8-9 The friction pair can be a bearing. By combining the composite structural material 8 obtained above with the bearing, a novel bearing with self-damping, self-lubricating, and oil-storing properties can be obtained. The bearing includes an inner ring 6, on which two or more annular grooves 7 are provided. The multiple annular grooves 7 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the inner ring 6, and the composite structural material 8 is filled in the annular grooves 7. The bearing is prepared by machining two or more annular grooves 7 on the inner ring 6, and then filling the annular grooves 7 with the composite structural material 8. The composite structural material 8 and the annular grooves 7 are connected by a polymer adhesive.

[0058] See Figures 10-11The friction pair can also be a ball-end bearing. By combining the composite structural material 8 obtained above with the ball-end bearing, a ball-end bearing with self-damping, self-lubricating, and oil-retaining properties can be obtained. The ball-end bearing includes a ball cup bushing 9 and a ball head rod. The ball cup bushing 9 is the movable joint of the ball head rod and is one of the important load-bearing parts for power transmission in machining equipment. In the prior art, the ball cup bushing 9 is made of steel, which has technical problems such as high manufacturing cost, easy wear, short service life, and the need for complete replacement after wear. In this embodiment, the inner surface of the ball cup bushing 9 is provided with two or more annular grooves 7, and the composite structural material 8 is filled in the annular grooves 7.

[0059] See Figures 10-11 In this embodiment, a porous ball cup bushing 9 is made of ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope 2 and polyetheretherketone fiber 5. The composite structural material 8 is connected to the bowl-shaped cavity of the ball cup bushing 9 to form a porous composite ball cup, which can realize the integrated functions of oil and dirt storage, oil lubrication, and vibration reduction. By machining two or more annular grooves 7 on the inner surface of the ball cup bushing 9, the composite structural material 8 is filled into the annular grooves 7 to form an inlaid structure. The composite structural material 8 and the annular grooves 7 are connected by a polymer adhesive. During operation, oil is stored in the holes. No matter what angle the ball head of the ball head rod moves with the ball cup bushing 9, there is always an oil film on the mating surface, which is in a good lubrication environment. The porous structure can also reduce the impact vibration of the ball head pin bearing during operation.

[0060] Before filling the annular groove 7 with the composite structural material 8, the composite structural material 8 can be cold-pressed.

[0061] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite structural material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Using ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope as the base material, and using a crochet hook as a tool, the ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope is woven into a crochet sheet; (2) The woven sheet is folded multiple times to form a stainless steel substrate with multiple layers of woven sheets; (3) Along the thickness direction of the stainless steel substrate, polyetheretherketone fiber is used to stitch the stainless steel substrate, thereby connecting the multi-layer woven sheets to obtain a composite structural material; In step (3), after the stainless steel substrate is stitched together with polyetheretherketone fiber, a polyetheretherketone fiber layer is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel substrate. The ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope is flexible, has a diameter of 0.5 mm, is made of 316L stainless steel, and is made of multiple stainless steel fibers twisted together.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), a continuous ultra-fine soft stainless steel wire rope is used to weave a hook-and-loop sheet, so that the hook-and-loop sheet has a regular pore structure that is interwoven and interlocked.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyetheretherketone fiber is selected as a continuous fiber, which is a polyetheretherketone fiber monofilament or a polyetheretherketone fiber multifilament.

4. A composite structural material, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The application of the composite structural material according to claim 4 in a friction pair.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The friction pair is a bearing, including an inner ring. The inner ring has two or more annular grooves, which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the inner ring. The composite structural material is filled in the annular grooves.

7. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The friction pair is a ball-head bearing, including a ball cup bushing. The inner surface of the ball cup bushing is provided with two or more annular grooves, and the composite structural material is filled in the annular grooves.

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