Production method and drying equipment of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of fertilizer production, and provides a production method and drying equipment of a fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, and the production method comprises the following steps: preparing cow dung and auxiliary materials; uniformly mixing cow dung and auxiliary materials to obtain a fermented material, adding a fermentation inoculant into the fermented material, and uniformly stirring; performing innocent treatment through a high-temperature aerobic composting technology, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 50 DEG C for more than 7 days, turning over once a day, and composting for 20-30 days; detecting the decomposed compost to meet the harmless standard to obtain an organic raw material, granulating the organic raw material, and drying the fertilizer granules through drying equipment; according to the production method of the fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, auxiliary materials are added, so that the stacking density of a stack body can be reduced, the air permeability is improved, sufficient oxygen is provided for aerobic bacteria, the activity of microorganisms is kept and improved in the fermentation process, organic matter is promoted to be degraded more quickly, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production, and in particular relates to a production method and drying equipment for fermented cow dung organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of large-scale livestock and poultry farming, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure is produced, such as cow dung. If it is not treated reasonably, effectively and quickly, it will cause damage to the agricultural ecological environment such as surface water, groundwater, soil, and atmosphere near the farms. Therefore, fermenting cow dung into organic fertilizer is a good solution.

[0003] However, cow dung and the like have the characteristics of high water content, low C / N, and relatively high content of heavy metals and antibiotics. The composting method in the prior art easily forms anaerobic fermentation during the stacking process, which produces odor and greenhouse gas emissions such as CH4 and N2O. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, aiming to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 8-12:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of modified tourmaline, 15-25 parts of mannitol, and 10-15 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.001-0.002 times the weight of the fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material, and stirred evenly; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 20-30 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 70-80°C for 1-5h by drying equipment; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0006] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 15-25 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, and after drying, it is calcined at 600-700°C for 1-2h, and then 70-80 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 10-15% are added, and it is heated in a water bath at 40-50°C and stirred for 40-50min, and then filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, and dried at 100-120°C, and mixed with 80-100 parts of magnesium chloride, and air plasma ball milling is performed for 20-30min, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is added to 6-10 times the weight of distilled water, and then 10-15 parts of ethylene glycol are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 50-60°C for 1-2h, and then filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain modified tourmaline; The tourmaline is first roasted to remove water in different states in the tourmaline crystal structure, making the internal structure loose and porous and increasing the specific surface area. Then hypochlorous acid is added, heated and stirred, and the hypochlorous acid decomposes to produce oxygen and hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid immersion corrodes and modifies the tourmaline, further presenting a porous feature. The generated oxygen forms small bubbles and enters the tourmaline, generating pressure to create a larger space inside the tourmaline, thereby improving adsorption, absorbing moisture and liquid nutrients in cow dung, and slowly releasing them during the fermentation process to achieve effective water control and complete fermentation. Magnesium chloride is inserted into the layer, and then microwave heating and drying are performed to increase the specific surface area and dispersibility.

[0007] Preferably, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 15-18 kV, the discharge power is 2-3 kW, and the rotation speed is 1500-2000 rpm.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is injected, and the mixture is cultured at 28-32° C. for 2-4 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture liquid, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain the auxiliary material; By producing bacterial cellulose, it grows into the straw and modified tourmaline to form an interlaced interpenetrating network with good adsorption performance. Then hydrogen peroxide is added, and the straw, modified tourmaline and bacterial cellulose fully absorb hydrogen peroxide. The bacterial cellulose can react with cellulose degrading enzymes to promote the decomposition and fermentation of cow dung and improve the fermentation effect. The modified tourmaline promotes the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Mannitol increases the yield of bacterial cellulose. The temperature exceeds 40°C during the fermentation process. In the early stage of fermentation, the microbial activity produces acidic substances and the pH value decreases, so that the hydrogen peroxide in the straw and modified tourmaline decomposes to produce water and oxygen, which can provide oxygen for aerobic bacteria and reduce the generation of odor and the emission of greenhouse gases such as CH4 and N2O. Mannitol has good moisturizing, permeability enhancing and effects, and can improve the activity of fermentation bacteria and improve the fermentation efficiency. The auxiliary materials can reduce the bulk density of the pile, increase the aeration, provide sufficient oxygen for aerobic bacteria, maintain and improve the activity of microorganisms during the fermentation process, promote faster degradation of organic matter, and improve production efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is 15-20:1.

[0010] Preferably, the fermentation bacteria include one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria.

[0011] The present invention also provides a drying device applied to the production method of the fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, comprising: frame; A drying cylinder is rotatably mounted on the frame, and a feed hopper is provided on the upper part of the drying cylinder; A heating component, used for supplying heat to the drying cylinder to dry the fertilizer particles; A driving mechanism for driving the drying cylinder to rotate forward and reverse; A flexible mesh cloth radially penetrating the drying cylinder and a mesh plate fixed in the drying cylinder and located below the flexible mesh cloth, the mesh holes of the flexible mesh cloth are smaller than the fertilizer particles, the width of the flexible mesh cloth is equal to the inner length of the drying cylinder, one end of the flexible mesh cloth is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, the connecting seat is horizontally slidably connected to the frame, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the connecting seat and the frame, the tension spring exerts a force on the connecting seat toward the side away from the drying cylinder, and an electric push rod is fixed on the side of the connecting seat on the frame near the drying cylinder, which is used to press against the connecting seat; The other end of the flexible mesh is fixed on a winding roller and wound clockwise for multiple turns. The winding roller is rotatably mounted on a frame. A first gear is coaxially fixed on the winding roller. A spur rack is horizontally slidably mounted below the first gear on the frame. The spur rack meshes with the first gear. A driving member is mounted on the frame at a side of the spur rack away from the connecting seat, for driving the spur rack to move back and forth; The heating assembly includes a lower hot air structure disposed below the mesh plate, and the lower hot air structure includes: A lower air pipe is inserted from the bottom of the drying cylinder into the drying cylinder, the lower air pipe is hinged to the bottom of the drying cylinder, a soft air pipe is connected to the lower air pipe, and the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A lower air outlet pipe fixed to the top of the lower air pipe and connected thereto, wherein the lower air outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; A second connecting rod is fixed to the bottom end of the lower air pipe, and the length direction of the second connecting rod is the same as the length direction of the lower air pipe. A second turntable is provided on the front side of the second connecting rod, and a second pin is eccentrically fixed on the second turntable. A second movable groove for inserting and sliding the second pin is opened on the second connecting rod along its length direction. The second turntable is rotatably installed on the frame, and a second gear is coaxially fixed on the second turntable, and the spur rack is meshed with the second gear.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises: A servo motor fixed on the frame; A driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and an arc-shaped rack meshing with the driving gear is fixed on the outer wall of the drying cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the heating assembly further comprises an upper hot air structure disposed above the flexible mesh, and the upper hot air structure comprises: An upper air pipe arranged vertically and rotatably connected to the top of the drying cylinder; A plurality of upper air outlet pipes are fixed at intervals to the upper air pipe and located on the inner shaft section of the drying cylinder, wherein the upper air outlet pipes are connected to the upper air pipe and are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; A soft air pipe rotatably connected to the top of the upper air pipe, wherein the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A power part used to drive the upper air pipe to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the driving member comprises: a second stepper motor fixed on the frame; A first rotating disk fixed on the output shaft of the second stepping motor; An elastic telescopic rod is arranged at the front side of the first rotating disk, the elastic telescopic rod comprises a rod sleeve and a movable rod inserted into the rod sleeve along the length direction thereof, a compression spring is arranged in the rod sleeve, two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rod sleeve and the end of the movable rod, one end of the rod sleeve is hinged to a position on the frame just above the first rotating disk, and one end of the movable rod located outside the rod sleeve is hinged to a spur rack; A first connecting rod is arranged along the length direction of the rod sleeve and fixed on the rod sleeve, a first pin is eccentrically fixed on the end surface of the first turntable, and a first movable groove for the first pin to be inserted and slide is opened on the first connecting rod along its length direction.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can adjust the moisture of fresh cow dung by adding straw, effectively adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material, effectively increase the particle size of the compost material, improve the porosity of the pile body, and increase the contact area between the material and the air. By adding modified tourmaline, the growth and reproduction of microorganisms are promoted, and the moisture and liquid nutrients in the cow dung can be absorbed and slowly released during the fermentation process, so as to achieve effective water control and complete fermentation. By adding mannitol, good moisturizing and permeability-enhancing effects can be achieved, and the activity of fermented bacteria can be improved, and the fermentation efficiency can be improved. By adding hydrogen peroxide, the temperature in the fermentation process exceeds 40°C, the microbial activity in the initial stage of fermentation produces acidic substances, the pH value decreases, and the hydrogen peroxide in the straw and the modified tourmaline is decomposed to produce water and oxygen, which can provide oxygen for aerobic bacteria, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drying device used in a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a driving component in a drying device used in a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer provided by the present invention; Figure 4 The invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a lower air pipe, a second connecting rod, a second rotating disk and a second pin shaft in a drying device used in a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer provided by the invention.

[0017] Notes on the accompanying drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Tension spring; 3. Connecting seat; 4. Flexible mesh; 5. Driving gear; 6. Arc rack; 7. Mesh plate; 8. Drying cylinder; 9. Upper air outlet pipe; 10. Feed hopper; 11. Power part; 12. Upper air pipe; 13. Winding roller; 14. Elastic telescopic rod; 15. First turntable; 16. First gear; 17. Straight rack; 18. Lower air outlet pipe; 19. Lower air pipe; 20. Second turntable; 21. Second gear; 22. Electric push rod; 23. Moving wheel; 24. Second stepper motor; 25. First connecting rod; 26. Second connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0019] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of straw, 10 parts of modified tourmaline, 15 parts of mannitol, and 10 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.001 times the weight of a fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material, and the fermentation agent is uniformly stirred, wherein the fermentation agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 20 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 70°C for 1 hour by a drying device; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0021] The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 15 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, dried and calcined at 600°C for 1h, then 70 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 10% are added, heated in a water bath at 40°C and stirred for 40min, filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, dried at 100°C, mixed evenly with 80 parts of magnesium chloride, subjected to air plasma ball milling for 20min, passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, the mixture is added to 6 times the weight of distilled water, 10 parts of ethylene glycol are added, stirred and reacted at 50°C for 1h, filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline; Specifically, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 15 kV, the discharge power is 2 kW, and the rotation speed is 1500 rpm.

[0022] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline, and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is injected, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is 15:1, and the culture is statically cultured at 28°C for 2 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture liquid, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain an auxiliary material.

[0023] Example 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 8:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of straw, 12 parts of modified tourmaline, 18 parts of mannitol, and 11 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.001 times the weight of a fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material, and the fermentation agent is uniformly stirred, wherein the fermentation agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 20 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 70°C for 1 hour by a drying device; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0024] The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 15 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, dried and calcined at 600°C for 1h, then 70 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 10% are added, heated in a water bath at 40°C and stirred for 40min, filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, dried at 100°C, mixed evenly with 80 parts of magnesium chloride, subjected to air plasma ball milling for 20min, passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, the mixture is added to 6 times the weight of distilled water, 10 parts of ethylene glycol are added, stirred and reacted at 50°C for 1h, filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline; Specifically, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 15 kV, the discharge power is 2 kW, and the rotation speed is 1500 rpm.

[0025] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline, and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is injected, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is 15:1, and the culture is statically cultured at 28°C for 2 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture liquid, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain an auxiliary material.

[0026] Example 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 10:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of straw, 15 parts of modified tourmaline, 20 parts of mannitol, and 12.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.0015 times the weight of a fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material and stirred evenly, wherein the fermentation agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 25 days; After the compost is tested and found to meet the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 75°C for 3 hours by a drying device; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0027] The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 20 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, and the mixture is dried and calcined at 650° C. for 1.5 hours, and then 75 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 12.5% ​​are added, and the mixture is heated in a water bath at 45° C. and stirred for 45 minutes, filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, dried at 110° C., mixed evenly with 90 parts of magnesium chloride, and subjected to air plasma ball milling for 25 minutes, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is added to 8 times the weight of distilled water, and then 12.5 parts of ethylene glycol are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 55° C. for 1.5 hours, filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline; Specifically, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 16.5 kV, the discharge power is 2.5 kW, and the rotation speed is 1750 rpm.

[0028] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline, and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is injected, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is 12.5:1, and the culture is statically cultured at 30°C for 3 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture broth, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain an auxiliary material.

[0029] Example 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 12:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 57 parts of straw, 18 parts of modified tourmaline, 22 parts of mannitol, and 14 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.002 times the weight of a fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material and stirred evenly, wherein the fermentation agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 30 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 80°C for 5 hours by a drying device; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0030] The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 25 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, dried and calcined at 700°C for 2h, then 80 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 15% are added, heated in a water bath at 50°C and stirred for 50min, filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, dried at 120°C, mixed evenly with 100 parts of magnesium chloride, subjected to air plasma ball milling for 30min, passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, the mixture is added to 10 times the weight of distilled water, 15 parts of ethylene glycol are added, stirred and reacted at 60°C for 2h, filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline; Specifically, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 18 kV, the discharge power is 3 kW, and the rotation speed is 2000 rpm.

[0031] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline, and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is injected, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is 20:1, and the culture is statically cultured at 32°C for 4 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture broth, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain an auxiliary material.

[0032] Example 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 12:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of straw, 20 parts of modified tourmaline, 25 parts of mannitol, and 15 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.002 times the weight of a fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material and stirred evenly, wherein the fermentation agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 30 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 80°C for 5 hours by a drying device; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0033] The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: 25 parts of tourmaline are taken by weight, the surface is cleaned, dried and calcined at 700°C for 2h, then 80 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 15% are added, heated in a water bath at 50°C and stirred for 50min, filtered and washed with distilled water for 3 times, dried at 120°C, mixed evenly with 100 parts of magnesium chloride, subjected to air plasma ball milling for 30min, passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, the mixture is added to 10 times the weight of distilled water, 15 parts of ethylene glycol are added, stirred and reacted at 60°C for 2h, filtered and dried by microwave heating, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline; Specifically, the discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 18 kV, the discharge power is 3 kW, and the rotation speed is 2000 rpm.

[0034] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: the crushed straw, modified tourmaline, and half of the mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is injected, the mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation broth is 20:1, and the culture is statically cultured at 32°C for 4 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture broth, and the intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of the mannitol to obtain an auxiliary material.

[0035] Example 6 like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the drying equipment used in Examples 1-5 includes: The frame 1 includes a bottom plate and two support frames symmetrically fixed to the bottom plate. The bottom of the bottom plate is evenly and symmetrically mounted with moving wheels 23 for easy movement; A drying cylinder 8 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, that is, rotatably mounted between two support frames, and a feed hopper 10 is provided on the upper portion of the drying cylinder 8; A heating component, used for supplying heat to the drying cylinder 8 to dry the fertilizer particles; A driving mechanism for driving the drying cylinder 8 to rotate forward and reverse, preferably with a rotation angle of 20-30 degrees; A flexible mesh 4 radially passing through the drying cylinder 8, wherein the mesh openings of the flexible mesh 4 are smaller than the fertilizer particles, and the width of the flexible mesh 4 is equal to the inner length of the drying cylinder 8; The mesh plate 7 fixed in the drying cylinder 8 and located below the flexible mesh cloth 4 is used to receive the fertilizer particles that may leak from between the flexible mesh cloth 4 and the end wall of the drying cylinder 8. The drying cylinder 8 is provided with a discharge door, which can be installed by hinges and buckles. Preferably, the discharge doors are respectively provided on the upper side of the flexible mesh cloth 4 and the mesh plate 7. When discharging, the drying cylinder 8 can be rotated and tilted to discharge without too much restriction; One end of the flexible mesh 4 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 3, preferably in a detachable fixing manner. The connecting seat 3 is horizontally slidably connected to the frame 1, and a sliding groove for the connecting seat 3 to be slidably connected can be provided on the frame 1. A tension spring 2 is fixedly connected between the connecting seat 3 and the frame 1. The tension spring 2 exerts a force on the connecting seat 3 toward the side away from the drying cylinder 8 to tension the flexible mesh 4. In the initial state, the flexible mesh 4 in the drying cylinder 8 is horizontal, and an electric push rod 22 is fixed to the frame 1 on the side of the connecting seat 3 close to the drying cylinder 8 for pressing the connecting seat 3 tightly.

[0036] The other end of the flexible mesh cloth 4 is fixed on the winding roller 13 and wound clockwise for multiple turns. The winding roller 13 is rotatably installed on the frame 1. A first gear 16 is coaxially fixed on the winding roller 13. A spur rack 17 is horizontally slidably installed below the first gear 16 on the frame 1. A sliding installation method with a slider and a slide groove can be adopted. The spur rack 17 is meshed with the first gear 16. A driving member is installed on the side of the spur rack 17 on the frame 1 away from the connecting seat 3 to drive the spur rack 17 to move back and forth.

[0037] During operation, a proper amount of fertilizer particles are added into the drying cylinder 8 from the feed hopper 10, and then the driving mechanism is started. The driving mechanism drives the drying cylinder 8 to rotate forward and reversely, and the flexible mesh cloth 4 located in the drying cylinder 8 tilts left and right, so that the fertilizer particles thereon move repeatedly, are heated more fully and evenly, and the drying effect is good.

[0038] Wherein, the driving mechanism comprises: The servo motor (not shown in the figure) fixed on the frame 1 can be fixed by bolts; A driving gear 5 is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and an arc-shaped rack 6 meshing with the driving gear 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the drying cylinder 8; The servo motor drives the driving gear 5 to rotate forward and reversely, and the driving gear 5 drives the drying cylinder 8 to rotate forward and reversely through the arc-shaped rack 6.

[0039] Specifically, the heating assembly includes an upper hot air structure arranged above the flexible mesh 4 and a lower hot air structure arranged below the mesh plate 7 .

[0040] In a specific implementation, the upper hot air structure includes: The upper air pipe 12 is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the top of the drying cylinder 8, and can be rotatably connected via a bearing; Multiple upper air outlet pipes 9 are fixed at intervals to the upper air pipe 12 on the inner shaft section of the drying cylinder 8, which can be fixed by pipe joints. The upper air outlet pipes 9 are connected to the upper air pipe 12 and have multiple air outlet holes, and filters can be installed in the air outlet holes. The soft air pipe rotatably connected to the top of the upper air pipe 12 can be connected via a rotary joint, and the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A power member 11 for driving the upper air pipe 12 to rotate. In this embodiment, the power member 11 includes a first stepper motor and a gear pair. The first stepper motor is fixed to the top of the drying cylinder 8, and the first stepper motor is connected to the upper air pipe 12 through the gear pair. During operation, hot air enters the upper air pipe 12 from the soft air pipe, then enters the upper air outlet pipe 9 and is ejected from the air outlet, which can dry the fertilizer particles. At the same time, the power part 11 drives the upper air pipe 12 to rotate, and the upper air pipe 12 drives the upper air outlet pipe 9 to rotate, stirring the fertilizer particles while rotating and ejecting the air, thereby improving the drying efficiency.

[0041] In this embodiment, the driving member includes: The second stepping motor 24 fixed on the frame 1 can be fixed by bolts; The first rotating disk 15 fixed on the output shaft of the second stepping motor 24 can be fixed by screws; An elastic telescopic rod 14 is arranged at the front side of the first rotating disk 15, and the elastic telescopic rod 14 includes a rod sleeve and a movable rod inserted into the rod sleeve along the length direction thereof, a compression spring is arranged in the rod sleeve, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rod sleeve and the end of the movable rod, one end of the rod sleeve is hinged to the position on the frame 1 just above the first rotating disk 15, and the end of the movable rod located outside the rod sleeve is hinged to the spur rack 17; The first connecting rod 25 arranged along the length direction of the rod sleeve and fixed on the rod sleeve can be fixed by screws. A first pin is eccentrically fixed to the end face of the first turntable 15. The first connecting rod 25 is provided with a first movable groove for the first pin to be inserted and slide along its length direction.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, when another drying method is needed, the electric push rod 22 is extended, and its telescopic end approaches the connecting seat 3 and fixes the connecting seat 3 tightly, and then the second stepping motor 24 drives the first turntable 15 to rotate clockwise, and the first turntable 15 drives the first pin shaft to revolve, and the first pin shaft drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing back and forth through the first connecting rod 25, and the reciprocating swing process has a quick return characteristic. When the first turntable 15 drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing to the left through the first pin shaft, the elastic telescopic rod 14 drives the spur rack 17 to move to the left, and the spur rack 17 drives the roller 13 to rotate clockwise through the first gear 16. The winding roller 13 unwinds the flexible mesh cloth 4, and the fertilizer particles on the flexible mesh cloth 4 in the drying cylinder 8 move downward with the flexible mesh cloth 4, and then the first turntable 15 drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing to the right through the first pin shaft at a faster speed, thereby driving the spur rack 17 to move to the right, and the spur rack 17 drives the winding roller 13 to rotate counterclockwise through the first gear 16, and the winding roller 13 rewinds the flexible mesh cloth 4, so that the flexible mesh cloth 4 drives the fertilizer particles thereon to move upward quickly, and finally the fertilizer particles are thrown upward under inertia, so that the fertilizer particles are more dispersed, thereby improving the drying efficiency, and being able to realize two drying modes to meet different needs.

[0043] In this embodiment, the lower hot air structure includes: A lower air pipe 19 is inserted from the bottom of the drying cylinder 8 into the drying cylinder 8, the lower air pipe 19 is hinged to the bottom of the drying cylinder 8, a soft air pipe is connected to the lower air pipe 19, and the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A lower air outlet pipe 18 fixed to the top of the lower air pipe 19 and connected thereto, wherein the lower air outlet pipe 18 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; A second connecting rod 26 is fixed to the bottom end of the lower air pipe 19, and the length direction of the second connecting rod 26 is the same as the length direction of the lower air pipe 19. A second turntable 20 is provided on the front side of the second connecting rod 26, and a second pin is eccentrically fixed on the second turntable 20. A second movable groove for inserting and sliding the second pin is opened on the second connecting rod 26 along its length direction. The second turntable 20 is rotatably installed on the frame 1, and a second gear 21 is coaxially fixed on the second turntable 20, and the spur rack 17 is meshed with the second gear 21.

[0044] In the drying mode of the forward and reverse rotation of the drying cylinder 8, the second turntable 20 and the second pin shaft thereon remain stationary, and the forward and reverse rotation of the drying cylinder 8 drives the lower air pipe 19 to move. Under the restriction of the second pin shaft, the lower air pipe 19 swings, and the lower air pipe 19 drives the lower air outlet pipe 18 to swing, thereby expanding the blowing range and angle and improving the drying efficiency.

[0045] In the drying mode rotating around the roller 13, the drying cylinder 8 remains stationary, the spur rack 17 drives the second gear 21 to rotate, the second gear 21 drives the second turntable 20 to rotate, the second turntable 20 drives the second pin shaft to revolve, and the second pin shaft drives the lower air pipe 19 to swing through the second connecting rod 26, so that the lower air pipe 19 drives the lower air outlet pipe 18 to swing, which also expands the blowing range and angle and improves the drying efficiency.

[0046] The working principle of the drying equipment is: Mode 1: Add an appropriate amount of fertilizer granules from the feed hopper 10 into the drying cylinder 8, and then drive the driving gear 5 to rotate forward and reverse through the servo motor. The driving gear 5 drives the drying cylinder 8 to rotate forward and reverse through the arc-shaped rack 6. The flexible mesh cloth 4 in the drying cylinder 8 tilts left and right, so that the fertilizer granules thereon move repeatedly, are heated more fully and evenly, and have a good drying effect.

[0047] Mode 2: Add an appropriate amount of fertilizer particles from the feed hopper 10 into the drying cylinder 8, the electric push rod 22 extends, and its telescopic end approaches the connecting seat 3 and fixes the connecting seat 3 tightly, then the second stepper motor 24 drives the first turntable 15 to rotate clockwise, the first turntable 15 drives the first pin shaft to revolve, and the first pin shaft drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing back and forth through the first connecting rod 25. When the first turntable 15 drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing to the left through the first pin shaft, the elastic telescopic rod 14 drives the spur rack 17 to move to the left, and the spur rack 17 drives the winding roller 13 through the first gear 16. The flexible mesh 4 is unwound by the winding roller 13 in the drying cylinder 8, and the fertilizer particles on the flexible mesh 4 move downward along with the flexible mesh 4. Then the first turntable 15 drives the elastic telescopic rod 14 to swing to the right through the first pin shaft at a faster speed, thereby driving the spur rack 17 to move to the right. The spur rack 17 drives the winding roller 13 to rotate counterclockwise through the first gear 16, and the winding roller 13 rewinds the flexible mesh 4, so that the flexible mesh 4 drives the fertilizer particles thereon to move upward rapidly, and finally the fertilizer particles are thrown upward under inertia, so that the fertilizer particles are more dispersed and the drying efficiency is improved.

[0048] It should be noted that, for the above embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing fermented cow dung organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The steps include: Prepare cow dung and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 8-12:1, wherein the auxiliary materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of modified tourmaline, 15-25 parts of mannitol, and 10-15 parts of hydrogen peroxide; The cow dung and the auxiliary materials are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation material, and 0.001-0.002 times the weight of the fermentation agent is added to the fermentation material, and stirred evenly; Use high-temperature aerobic composting technology to carry out harmless treatment, maintain the fermentation temperature at 50℃ for more than 7 days, turn the pile once a day, and the composting cycle is 20-30 days; After the mature compost meets the harmless standard, the organic raw material is obtained, the organic raw material is granulated, and the fertilizer granules are dried at 70-80°C for 1-5h by drying equipment; The dried fertilizer granules are cooled and packaged to obtain organic fertilizer.

2. The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified tourmaline is as follows: taking 15-25 parts of tourmaline by weight, cleaning the surface, drying and calcining at 600-700°C for 1-2h, then adding 70-80 parts of hypochlorous acid with a mass fraction of 10-15%, heating in a water bath at 40-50°C and stirring for 40-50min, filtering and washing with distilled water for 3 times, drying at 100-120°C, mixing evenly with 80-100 parts of magnesium chloride, performing air plasma ball milling for 20-30min, passing through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into 6-10 times the weight of distilled water, adding 10-15 parts of ethylene glycol, stirring and reacting at 50-60°C for 1-2h, filtering and drying by microwave heating, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified tourmaline.

3. The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge voltage during the air plasma ball milling treatment is 15-18 kV, the discharge power is 2-3 kW, and the rotation speed is 1500-2000 rpm.

4. The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the auxiliary material is as follows: crushed straw, modified tourmaline and half of mannitol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a culture shaker, and bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is injected, and the mixture is cultured at 28-32° C. for 2-4 days, the culture is filtered and washed twice with deionized water to remove the culture liquid, and an intermediate is obtained after vacuum drying, and the intermediate is mixed evenly with hydrogen peroxide and the other half of mannitol to obtain the auxiliary material.

5. The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the mixture to the bacterial cellulose fermentation liquid is 15-20:

1.

6. The production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation bacteria agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria.

7. A drying device used in the production method of fermented cow dung organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: frame; A drying cylinder is rotatably mounted on the frame, and a feed hopper is provided on the upper part of the drying cylinder; A heating component, used for supplying heat to the drying cylinder to dry the fertilizer particles; A driving mechanism for driving the drying cylinder to rotate forward and reverse; A flexible mesh cloth radially penetrating the drying cylinder and a mesh plate fixed in the drying cylinder and located below the flexible mesh cloth, the mesh holes of the flexible mesh cloth are smaller than the fertilizer particles, the width of the flexible mesh cloth is equal to the inner length of the drying cylinder, one end of the flexible mesh cloth is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, the connecting seat is horizontally slidably connected to the frame, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the connecting seat and the frame, the tension spring exerts a force on the connecting seat toward the side away from the drying cylinder, and an electric push rod is fixed on the side of the connecting seat on the frame near the drying cylinder, which is used to press against the connecting seat; The other end of the flexible mesh is fixed on a winding roller and wound clockwise for multiple turns. The winding roller is rotatably mounted on a frame. A first gear is coaxially fixed on the winding roller. A spur rack is horizontally slidably mounted below the first gear on the frame. The spur rack meshes with the first gear. A driving member is mounted on the frame at a side of the spur rack away from the connecting seat, for driving the spur rack to move back and forth; The heating assembly includes a lower hot air structure disposed below the mesh plate, and the lower hot air structure includes: A lower air pipe is inserted from the bottom of the drying cylinder into the drying cylinder, the lower air pipe is hinged to the bottom of the drying cylinder, a soft air pipe is connected to the lower air pipe, and the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A lower air outlet pipe fixed to the top of the lower air pipe and connected thereto, wherein the lower air outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; A second connecting rod is fixed to the bottom end of the lower air pipe, and the length direction of the second connecting rod is the same as the length direction of the lower air pipe. A second turntable is provided on the front side of the second connecting rod, and a second pin is eccentrically fixed on the second turntable. A second movable groove for inserting and sliding the second pin is opened on the second connecting rod along its length direction. The second turntable is rotatably installed on the frame, and a second gear is coaxially fixed on the second turntable, and the spur rack is meshed with the second gear.

8. The drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: A servo motor fixed on the frame; A driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and an arc-shaped rack meshing with the driving gear is fixed on the outer wall of the drying cylinder.

9. The drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating assembly further includes an upper hot air structure disposed above the flexible mesh, and the upper hot air structure includes: An upper air pipe arranged vertically and rotatably connected to the top of the drying cylinder; A plurality of upper air outlet pipes are fixed at intervals to the upper air pipe and located on the inner shaft section of the drying cylinder, wherein the upper air outlet pipes are connected to the upper air pipe and are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; A soft air pipe rotatably connected to the top of the upper air pipe, wherein the soft air pipe is connected to an external hot air supply device; A power part used to drive the upper air pipe to rotate.

10. The drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving member comprises: a second stepper motor fixed on the frame; A first rotating disk fixed on the output shaft of the second stepping motor; An elastic telescopic rod is arranged at the front side of the first rotating disk, the elastic telescopic rod comprises a rod sleeve and a movable rod inserted into the rod sleeve along the length direction thereof, a compression spring is arranged in the rod sleeve, two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rod sleeve and the end of the movable rod, one end of the rod sleeve is hinged to a position on the frame just above the first rotating disk, and one end of the movable rod located outside the rod sleeve is hinged to a spur rack; A first connecting rod is arranged along the length direction of the rod sleeve and fixed on the rod sleeve, a first pin is eccentrically fixed on the end surface of the first turntable, and a first movable groove for the first pin to be inserted and slide is opened on the first connecting rod along its length direction.

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