Composite fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new material preparation, and the composite fiber comprises the following components by mass: 90-95 parts of polyethylene; 0.5 to 5 parts of a cross-linking agent; and 1-10 parts of a density regulator. According to the composite fiber and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the composite fiber is prepared by a solvent-free preparation process. The composite fiber has the property that the breaking strength is greater than 10cN / dtex. As a solvent-free green preparation process is adopted, the method has the advantages of short production flow, small equipment investment, no pollution, no solvent residue problem in the product and low production cost. Through reasonable selection of raw materials, auxiliary materials, processes and equipment, a product with high breaking strength, adjustable density, excellent wear resistance and good light resistance and corrosion resistance can be prepared, and the application field of the polyethylene monofilament is greatly expanded. And the requirements of some application fields which are sensitive to price and have low requirements on product strength can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of new material preparation, and more specifically, relates to a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fibers spun by melt spinning on the market are mainly ordinary polyethylene fibers, polyester fibers and nylon fibers, but the disadvantages of these products are low breaking strength, which does not exceed 5cN / dtex at most, poor corrosion resistance and light resistance, and cannot meet the needs of many application fields (such as high strength requirements, strong corrosion, long-term outdoor use, etc.).

[0003] There is also an ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber on the market that uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as raw material and is made by dry-jet wet spinning. The product's breaking strength is generally ≥30cN / dtex, and it is mainly used in the production of bulletproof and explosion-proof products, cut-resistant gloves, and high-end fishing lines. The disadvantage is that the preparation process requires the use of solvents such as white oil, decahydronaphthalene, and dichloromethane. The production process is complicated, the equipment investment is large, the VOCs emission is high, the workshop environment is poor, and there will be trace amounts of solvent residues in the product. Due to the complex process and high production cost, its application field is limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that the prior art lacks a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, which has the characteristics of high breaking strength of the prepared product, green and environmentally friendly preparation process and low production cost.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a composite fiber, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] Polyethylene 90-95 parts;

[0007] 0.5-5 parts of cross-linking agent;

[0008] Density regulator 1-10 parts.

[0009] Preferably, the melt index of the polyethylene is 2.5-12 g / 10 min.

[0010] Preferably, the density regulator includes one or more of mineral salts, metals, and metal oxides.

[0011] Preferably, the density regulator includes one or more of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, and silver powder.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-linking agent includes one or more of a thermal cross-linking agent and a hydrolysis cross-linking agent.

[0013] Preferably, the crosslinking agent includes one or more of dicumyl peroxide, vinyl trimethoxy silane, and benzophenone.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Mixing the components uniformly to prepare a mixture;

[0016] The mixed material is melted in the range of 270-390 degrees, and the melt is extruded through the spinneret hole and then slowly cooled to form the primary yarn;

[0017] The spun silk is stretched 5-50 times in the range of 80-150 degrees to obtain a composite fiber product.

[0018] Preferably, the fibers are cross-linked during or after the spun yarn is stretched.

[0019] The beneficial effects of a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the composite fiber and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are prepared by a solvent-free preparation process to obtain the composite fiber. The composite fiber has a property of a breaking strength greater than 10 cN / dtex. Due to the adoption of a solvent-free green preparation process, it has the advantages of a short production process, small equipment investment, no pollution, no solvent residue problem in the product, and low production cost. The present invention can prepare a product with high breaking strength, adjustable density, excellent wear resistance, good light resistance and corrosion resistance through reasonable selection of raw materials, processes and equipment, greatly expanding the application field of polyethylene monofilament. It can meet the needs of certain application fields that are sensitive to price but do not have too high requirements on product strength, such as civil cables, offshore aquaculture cages, fishing nets, fishing lines, barrier nets, etc. Due to the high strength, the product is stronger and more durable under the same size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a composite fiber preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1 Now, a composite fiber provided by the present invention is described. The composite fiber comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-95 parts of polyethylene; 0.5-5 parts of a cross-linking agent; and 1-10 parts of a density regulator.

[0024] In this embodiment, the melt index of polyethylene is 2.5-12 g / 10 min. The polyethylene can be selected from one or more of polyethylene chips and polyethylene powders.

[0025] In this embodiment, the density regulator includes one or more of mineral salts, metals, and metal oxides. Specifically, the density regulator includes one or more of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, and silver powder. The use of the density regulator can adjust the density of the composite monofilament, thereby ensuring the suspension effect in water.

[0026] In this embodiment, the crosslinking agent includes one or more of a thermal crosslinking agent and a hydrolysis crosslinking agent. Specifically, the crosslinking agent includes one or more of dicumyl peroxide, vinyl trimethoxysilane, and benzophenone.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A composite fiber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 92 parts of polyethylene; 3 parts of a cross-linking agent; and 6 parts of a density regulator. The melt index of polyethylene is 2.5-12 g / 10 min. The polyethylene is selected from polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder; the mass fraction ratio of polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder is 1:1. The density regulator is selected from calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder is 1:2:1. The cross-linking agent is selected from diisopropylbenzene peroxide, vinyl trimethoxysilane and benzophenone, wherein the mass fraction ratio of diisopropylbenzene peroxide, vinyl trimethoxysilane and benzophenone is 1:3:2.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A composite fiber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 95 parts of polyethylene; 4 parts of a cross-linking agent; and 4 parts of a density regulator. The melt index of polyethylene is 2.5-12 g / 10 min. Polyethylene is selected from polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder; the mass fraction ratio of polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder is 1:1. The density regulator is selected from calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder is 1:2:1. The cross-linking agent is selected from diisopropylbenzene peroxide, vinyl trimethoxysilane and benzophenone, wherein the mass fraction ratio of diisopropylbenzene peroxide and vinyl trimethoxysilane is 1:2.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] A composite fiber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90 parts of polyethylene; 4 parts of a cross-linking agent; and 4 parts of a density regulator. The melt index of polyethylene is 2.5-12 g / 10 min. Polyethylene is selected from polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder; the mass fraction ratio of polyethylene slices and polyethylene powder is 1:1. The density regulator is selected from calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silver powder is 1:2:1. The cross-linking agent is selected from diisopropylbenzene peroxide, vinyl trimethoxysilane and benzophenone, wherein the mass fraction ratio of diisopropylbenzene peroxide and vinyl trimethoxysilane is 1:2:3.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1, mixing the components uniformly to prepare a mixture;

[0035] In this step, polyethylene, a cross-linking agent, a density regulator and a crystallization accelerator are weighed respectively according to a preset ratio, and a mixture is prepared by uniformly mixing.

[0036] S2, melting the mixed material in the range of 270-390 degrees, extruding the melt through the spinneret hole and slowly cooling and shaping it into primary yarn;

[0037] In this step, when the melt is extruded through the spinneret hole, the spinneret stretching ratio is 5-100 times, preferably 20-100 times, more preferably 50-100 times.

[0038] In this step, the diameter of the spinneret hole is ≥1 mm, preferably ≥1.5 mm; more preferably 2-5 mm.

[0039] S3. The spun silk is stretched 5-50 times in the range of 80-150 degrees to obtain a composite fiber product.

[0040] In this step, the slow cooling and setting temperature is 9-90 degrees, preferably 25-85 degrees, and more preferably 35-80 degrees.

[0041] The preparation method of a composite fiber provided by the present invention further comprises crosslinking the fiber during or after the primary fiber is stretched. In this step, the crosslinking method can be selected according to the type of crosslinking agent used, such as thermal crosslinking, hydrolysis crosslinking or ultraviolet irradiation crosslinking.

[0042] The present invention provides a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the present invention prepares the composite fiber through a solvent-free preparation process. The composite fiber has the property of a breaking strength greater than 10 cN / dtex. Due to the use of a solvent-free green preparation process, it has the advantages of a short production process, small equipment investment, no pollution, no solvent residue problem in the product, and low production cost. Through the reasonable selection of raw materials, auxiliary materials, processes and equipment, the present invention can prepare a product with high breaking strength, adjustable density, excellent wear resistance, good light resistance and corrosion resistance, greatly expanding the application field of polyethylene monofilament. It can meet the needs of certain application fields that are sensitive to price but do not have too high requirements on product strength, such as civil cables, offshore aquaculture cages, fishing nets, fishing lines, barrier nets, etc. Due to the high strength, the product is stronger and more durable under the same size.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fiber, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: Polyethylene 90-95 parts; 0.5-5 parts of cross-linking agent; Density regulator 1-10 parts.

2. A composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyethylene has a melt index of 2.5-12 g / 10 min.

3. A composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density regulator includes one or more of mineral salts, metals, and metal oxides.

4. A composite fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The density regulator includes one or more of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, and silver powder.

5. A composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent includes one or more of a thermal cross-linking agent and a hydrolysis cross-linking agent.

6. A composite fiber and a method for preparing the same as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent includes one or more of dicumyl peroxide, vinyl trimethoxy silane, and benzophenone.

7. A method for preparing a composite fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mixing the components uniformly to prepare a mixture; The mixed material is melted in the range of 270-390 degrees, and the melt is extruded through the spinneret hole and then slowly cooled to form the primary yarn; The spun silk is stretched 5-50 times in the range of 80-150 degrees to obtain a composite fiber product.

8. The method for preparing a composite fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: During or after the spun yarn is drawn, the fibers are cross-linked.

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