Tunnel weak surrounding rock supporting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel weak surrounding rock supporting device and method.The supporting device comprises a supporting frame, an arc-shaped support, a fixed circular plate, a fixed rod, a connecting plate, a movable plate and a limiting plate, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the limiting plate, one end of the electric push rod is connected with the connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with a supporting piece; a second locking plate is fixedly connected with the inner walls of the two sides of a tunnel through bolts, an arc-shaped support can adapt to the outer surface of the top end of the tunnel, and then an electric push rod is driven, so that the length of a connecting rod can be adjusted at one end of the electric push rod; therefore, the supporting piece can conduct fixed-point supporting, the supporting structure can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, different engineering requirements are met, local supporting of the tunnel structure is achieved through fixed-point supporting of the supporting piece, accurate supporting of surrounding rock can be improved, and the concentration ratio of structural stress points is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel soft surrounding rock support, and in particular to a tunnel soft surrounding rock support device and a support method. Background Art

[0002] Water transfer tunnels in municipal and water conservancy projects and transportation engineering tunnels usually face the challenge of weak surrounding rock. Weak surrounding rock has many characteristics, including weak rock quality, low bearing capacity, developed joints and fissures, and broken structure, which leads to loose and broken surrounding rock, poor bonding, low strength, easy softening when exposed to water, and easy landslide. When tunnel excavation is carried out in areas with weak surrounding rock, if the weak surrounding rock is not effectively reinforced, deformation and collapse of the surrounding rock may occur during the construction process, which will have a serious impact on construction safety.

[0003] Tunnel soft surrounding rock support is a vital part of underground engineering. In order to deal with the stability and safety problems that may be caused by soft surrounding rock, a variety of support devices are often used. Among them, shotcrete support, anchor support and steel arch support are common choices. Among these options, steel arch support aims to strengthen and support the top and side walls of the tunnel by installing a sturdy steel arch frame or arch structure. Traditional steel arch support can provide relatively balanced support for the entire tunnel, but there are some challenges in the top area of ​​the tunnel inner wall. Additional independent support points are required to ensure stable support, which cannot be achieved with existing steel arch support. The lack of additional independent support points may cause instability in tunnel construction in soft surrounding rock areas, thereby increasing the possibility of accidents and safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Purpose of the invention In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel soft surrounding rock support device and support method to solve the problems raised in the above background.

[0005] (II) Technical solution A tunnel soft surrounding rock support device comprises a support frame, a plurality of groups of arc-shaped supports are fixedly installed on the top of the support frame, and a plurality of groups of fixed circular plates are fixedly installed on the middle end of the top surface of the support frame, fixing rods are fixedly installed between the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates, a plurality of groups of connecting plates are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates, and movable plates are movably installed in the inner walls of the plurality of groups of connecting plates, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate, and an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the limiting plate, one end of the electric push rod is connected to the connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to a support member, first locking plates are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of both sides of the support member, and screw holes are provided on the outer surfaces of the first locking plates.

[0006] Preferably, the outer surface of the support member is provided with a plurality of grooves, and a first spring is installed in each of the plurality of grooves, one end of the first spring is connected to a telescopic pin, and the outer surface of the telescopic pin is wrapped with rubber.

[0007] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the plurality of groups of connecting plates are all provided with screws, and a nut is movably mounted on the outer surface of one end of the screw.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing rods are fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame, and a plurality of second locking plates are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support frame, and screw holes are formed on the outer surfaces of the plurality of second locking plates.

[0009] Preferably, a support base is provided at the bottom end of the support frame, and a cavity is opened in the inner wall of the support base, a second spring is installed in the inner wall cavity of the support base, and one end of the second spring is connected to a damping rod, and the top end of the damping rod is connected to the support frame.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the support base is wrapped with rubber.

[0011] A tunnel soft surrounding rock support method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1): Before installing the steel arch, a detailed geological survey and tunnel design assessment is conducted to understand the geological conditions, tunnel dimensions and other relevant parameters; (2): Select appropriate types and specifications of support frames and arch supports according to geological and design requirements to ensure that the strength and size of the arch frame meet the needs of the tunnel; (3): Before starting installation, clean the inside of the tunnel, ensure the surface is dry and clean, and check the specific conditions of the tunnel walls and top: (4): Determine the installation position of the arch, mark the fixing points, and ensure the accuracy of the arch position according to the design requirements; (5): Select bolts according to design requirements and specific conditions to fix the second locking plate, the first locking plate and the wall, ensuring that the connection points are firm and reliable and can withstand the load on the arch frame; (6): Adjust the specific positions of the arc brackets and supports in the arch frame according to geological conditions and tunnel design; (7): When installing the arch frame, ensure that the support system (such as anchor rods, soil nails, etc.) is also installed according to the design requirements. The selection of the support system should be coordinated with the design of the arch frame; (8): After the arch frame is installed, set up a real-time monitoring system to monitor the deformation, stress and other relevant parameters of the arch frame.

[0012] Preferably, the monitoring system may be arranged on the outer surface of the support frame and the outer surface of one end of the support member (811).

[0013] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The invention fixes the second locking plate to the inner walls on both sides of the tunnel by bolts, and the arc-shaped bracket can adapt to the outer surface of the tunnel top. By driving the electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod can adjust the length of the connecting rod, and then the support member can perform fixed-point support, which helps to flexibly adjust the support structure according to actual needs and adapt to different engineering requirements. Through the fixed-point support of the support member, local support for the tunnel structure is achieved, which helps to improve the precise support for the surrounding rock and reduce the concentration of the stress points of the structure.

[0014] 2. The invention helps absorb the vibration caused by underground pressure changes and tunnel deformation through the second spring and damping rod, improves the resistance of the support system to external disturbances, and reduces the adverse effects on the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at C in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at D in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point E in the middle.

[0016] In the figure: 1. support frame; 2. arc-shaped bracket; 3. fixed circular plate; 4. fixed rod; 5. connecting plate; 6. movable plate; 7. limit plate; 8. electric push rod; 9. screw rod; 911. nut; 811. support member; 812. first locking plate; 813. telescopic pin; 814. connecting rod; 111. support base; 112. second locking plate; 113. reinforcement rod; 114. damping rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, and use. It should be understood that in all of these figures, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar parts and features. The various drawings only schematically represent the concepts and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not necessarily show the specific dimensions and proportions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specific parts in specific drawings may be exaggerated to illustrate the relevant details or structures of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] See also Figure 1-7 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: A tunnel soft surrounding rock support device comprises a support frame 1, wherein a plurality of groups of arc-shaped supports 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 1, and a plurality of groups of fixed circular plates 3 are fixedly installed on the middle end of the top surface of the support frame 1, a fixing rod 4 is fixedly installed between the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates 3, a plurality of groups of connecting plates 5 are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates 3, and a movable plate 6 is movably installed in the inner wall of the plurality of groups of connecting plates 5, a limiting plate 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate 6, and an electric push rod 8 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the limiting plate 7, one end of the electric push rod 8 is connected to a connecting rod 814, and one end of the connecting rod 814 is connected to a support member 811, first locking plates 812 are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of both sides of the support member 811, and screw holes are provided on the outer surfaces of the first locking plates 812.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer surface of the support member 811 is provided with a plurality of grooves, and a first spring is installed in each of the plurality of grooves. One end of the first spring is connected to a telescopic pin 813, and the outer surface of the telescopic pin 813 is wrapped with rubber. Through the action of the first spring, the telescopic pin 813 can be adjusted, so that the support member 811 can adapt to different tunnel wall surfaces when it is in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel top, thereby improving the adaptability of the support system.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the multiple sets of connecting plates 5 are all provided with screws 9, and the outer surfaces of one end of the screws 9 are movably installed with nuts 911. The multiple sets of connecting plates 5 are movably connected with the movable plates 6, so that the electric push rods 8 can be adjusted in angle, and by rotating the nuts 911, they can remain firm and stable after their positions are adjusted.

[0021] Furthermore, multiple groups of reinforcement rods 113 are fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 1, and multiple groups of second locking plates 112 are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame 1. The outer surfaces of the multiple groups of second locking plates 112 are provided with screw holes. The support frame can be installed on the inner walls of both sides of the tunnel through the connection between bolts and the second locking plates 112. The tops of the multiple groups of reinforcement rods 113 are fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 1, which increases the overall stability of the support system. These reinforcement rods 113 help to disperse and transmit underground pressure and improve the bearing capacity of the support structure.

[0022] Furthermore, a support base 111 is provided at the bottom end of the support frame 1, and a cavity is opened on the inner wall of the support base 111, a second spring is installed in the inner wall cavity of the support base 111, and one end of the second spring is connected to a damping rod 114, and the top of the damping rod 114 is connected to the support frame 1, the second spring and the damping rod 114 help to absorb the vibration caused by underground pressure changes and tunnel deformation, improve the support system's resistance to external disturbances, and reduce adverse effects on the structure.

[0023] Furthermore, the bottom end of the support base 111 is wrapped with rubber. The introduction of rubber helps to improve the anti-slip property of the support base in contact with the ground surface, thereby preventing the base from moving due to uneven or changing ground surface during underground engineering construction.

[0024] A tunnel soft surrounding rock support method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1): Before installing the steel arch, a detailed geological survey and tunnel design assessment is conducted to understand the geological conditions, tunnel dimensions and other relevant parameters; (2): Select appropriate types and specifications of support frames 1 and arch supports 2 according to geological and design requirements to ensure that the strength and size of the arch frame meet the needs of the tunnel; (3): Before starting installation, clean the inside of the tunnel, ensure the surface is dry and clean, and check the specific conditions of the tunnel walls and top: (4): Determine the installation position of the arch, mark the fixing points, and ensure the accuracy of the arch position according to the design requirements; (5): Select bolts according to design requirements and specific conditions to fix the second locking plate 112 and the first locking plate 812 to the wall, ensuring that the connection points are firm and reliable and can withstand the load on the arch frame; (6): According to geological conditions and tunnel design, adjust the specific positions of the arc support 2 and the support member 811 in the arch frame; (7): When installing the arch frame, ensure that the support system such as anchor rods and soil nails are also installed according to the design requirements. The selection of the support system should be coordinated with the design of the arch frame; (8): After the arch frame is installed, set up a real-time monitoring system to monitor the deformation, stress and other relevant parameters of the arch frame.

[0025] Furthermore, the monitoring system can be set on the outer surface of the support frame 1 and the outer surface of one end of the support member 811. The setting of the monitoring system allows real-time monitoring of the status of the support frame and the support member. This real-time monitoring can timely detect changes and abnormal conditions in the support system, and improve the ability to perceive the status of the support structure.

[0026] Working principle: The second locking plate 112 is fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the tunnel by bolts, and the arc-shaped bracket 2 can adapt to the outer surface of the top of the tunnel, and then by driving the electric push rod 8, one end of the electric push rod 8 can adjust the length of the connecting rod 814, so that the support member 811 can perform fixed-point support, which helps to flexibly adjust the support structure according to actual needs and adapt to different engineering requirements. Through the fixed-point support of the support member 811, local support for the tunnel structure is achieved, and through the action of the first spring, the telescopic pin 813 can be adjusted, so that the support member 811 can adapt to different tunnel wall surfaces when it is in contact with the inner wall of the top of the tunnel, thereby improving the adaptability of the support system.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A tunnel soft surrounding rock support device, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The top of the support frame (1) is fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of arc-shaped brackets (2), and the middle end of the top surface of the support frame (1) is fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of fixed circular plates (3), fixed rods (4) are fixedly mounted between the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates (3), the outer surfaces of the plurality of groups of fixed circular plates (3) are fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of connecting plates (5), and movable plates (6) are movably mounted in the inner walls of the plurality of groups of connecting plates (5), the top of the movable plate (6) is fixedly mounted with a limiting plate (7), and the outer surface of the limiting plate (7) is fixedly mounted with an electric push rod (8), one end of the electric push rod (8) is connected to a connecting rod (814), and one end of the connecting rod (814) is connected to a support member (811), and the outer surfaces of both sides of the support member (811) are fixedly mounted with a first locking plate (812), and the outer surface of the first locking plate (812) is provided with a screw hole; The outer surface of the support member (811) is provided with a plurality of grooves, and a first spring is installed in each of the plurality of grooves. One end of the first spring is connected to a telescopic pin (813), and the outer surface of the telescopic pin (813) is wrapped with rubber. The outer surfaces of the plurality of connecting plates (5) are all provided with screw rods (9), and a nut (911) is movably mounted on the outer surface of one end of the screw rod (9).

2. The tunnel weak surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing rods (113) are fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame (1), and a plurality of second locking plates (112) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support frame (1), wherein screw holes are provided on the outer surfaces of the plurality of second locking plates (112).

3. The tunnel soft surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support base (111) is provided at the bottom end of the support frame (1), and a cavity is provided on the inner wall of the support base (111). A second spring is installed in the cavity on the inner wall of the support base (111), and one end of the second spring is connected to a damping rod (114), and the top end of the damping rod (114) is connected to the support frame (1).

4. The tunnel weak surrounding rock support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support base (111) is wrapped with rubber.

5. A tunnel weak surrounding rock support method, characterized by: The following steps are involved: (1): Before installing the steel arch, a detailed geological survey and tunnel design assessment should be carried out to understand the relevant parameters of geological conditions and tunnel dimensions; (2): Select the support frame (1) and the arch support (2) according to the geological and design requirements, and ensure that the strength and size of the arch frame meet the needs of the tunnel; (3): Before starting installation, clean the inside of the tunnel, ensure the surface is dry and clean, and check the specific conditions of the tunnel walls and top: (4): Determine the installation location of the arch, mark the fixing points, and ensure the accuracy of the arch position according to the design requirements; (5): Select bolts according to design requirements and specific conditions to fix the second locking plate (112) and the first locking plate (812) to the wall, ensuring that the connection points are strong and reliable and can withstand the load borne by the arch frame; (6): Adjust the specific positions of the arc support (2) and the support member (811) in the arch frame according to the geological conditions and tunnel design; (7): When installing the arch, ensure that the support system is installed in accordance with the design requirements. The selection of the support system should be coordinated with the design of the arch; (8): After the arch frame is installed, a real-time monitoring system is set up to monitor the deformation and stress parameters of the arch frame.

6. A tunnel weak surrounding rock support method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring system is arranged on the outer surface of the support frame (1) and the outer surface of one end of the support member (811).

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