Waste heat boiler equipment for yellow phosphorus tail gas treatment

Abstract

The invention provides waste heat boiler equipment for yellow phosphorus tail gas treatment, and relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, the waste heat boiler equipment comprises a combustion chamber, an evaporator assembly and a heat exchange device; the combustion chamber is of a membrane type fireplace wall structure, and a yellow phosphorus tail gas combustor is arranged in the combustion chamber. The evaporator assembly is arranged on the rear side of the combustion chamber, a flue is arranged at an outlet of the combustion chamber, and a chimney is installed at the tail end of the flue. And the heat exchange device is arranged on a flue of the combustion chamber. According to the invention, the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by direct emission of yellow phosphorus tail gas as industrial waste gas are solved. Most traditional boilers take coal, natural gas and the like as fuel, the utilization efficiency of yellow phosphorus tail gas which is special fuel is low, and defects exist in the tail gas treatment aspect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of boiler equipment, and more specifically, particularly relates to a waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas. Background Art

[0002] In the industrial production process, yellow phosphorus tail gas is an industrial waste gas. If it is directly discharged, it will pollute the environment and waste resources. Traditional boilers mostly use coal, natural gas, etc. as fuel. The utilization efficiency of yellow phosphorus tail gas is low, and there are deficiencies in tail gas treatment. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements and the demand for comprehensive resource utilization, it is of great significance to develop a boiler that can efficiently utilize yellow phosphorus tail gas.

[0003] Yellow phosphorus tail gas is the tail gas produced during the production of yellow phosphorus. Its main components include carbon monoxide (volume fraction is generally 85%-95%), as well as a small amount of carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, etc. This tail gas has a high temperature and contains a large amount of combustible components. Waste heat boiler is one of the effective equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas. It can recover the heat in the tail gas and also perform preliminary purification of the tail gas.

[0004] By treating yellow phosphorus tail gas with waste heat boiler equipment, the heat in the tail gas can be effectively recovered, and the steam generated can be used for power generation, driving steam turbines, or for heating, evaporation and other processes in chemical production. For example, a medium-sized yellow phosphorus production enterprise can generate a large amount of steam (such as tens to hundreds of tons) every day using waste heat boilers. This steam can be used for power generation to meet part of the enterprise's electricity needs and reduce production costs.

[0005] While recycling heat, the temperature of yellow phosphorus tail gas decreases, and some harmful substances (such as some phosphides, etc.) in it will condense or adsorb on pipes and other components due to the temperature drop, reducing the emission of harmful substances in the tail gas. Moreover, since the heat is recycled, the company's dependence on other energy sources is reduced, indirectly reducing the pollutant emissions generated by obtaining other energy sources. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas to solve the problems raised by the background technology.

[0007] The waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas of the present invention is achieved by the following specific technical means:

[0008] The present invention provides a waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas, comprising a combustion chamber (1), an evaporator assembly, and a heat exchange device; the combustion chamber (1) adopts a membrane fireplace wall structure, and a yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is arranged inside the combustion chamber (1); the evaporator assembly is arranged at the rear side of the combustion chamber (1), a flue is arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber (1), and a chimney is installed at the end of the flue; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue of the combustion chamber (1);

[0009] The yellow phosphorus tail gas burner comprises a premixing chamber, a fuel injection device and an air conditioning device; the yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is connected to a blower through an air duct;

[0010] The evaporator assembly comprises: a steam drum (11), a boiler shell assembly (12) and left and right headers (13); the steam drum (11) and the boiler shell assembly (12) together constitute the upper and lower structures of the evaporator assembly; the steam drum (11) has a water level setting inside, including a normal water level, a maximum safety water level and a minimum safety water level; and a steam-water separator for efficient steam-water separation is arranged inside, the steam-water separator is a cyclone separator, including a spiral guide blade and a steam-water separation cylinder located in the center; the steam drum (11) is also provided with a surface sewage pipe, the A liquid level sensor is installed on the steam drum (11), a safety valve is installed on the steam drum (11), the steam drum (11) is connected to a water pump via a water inlet pipe, a check valve and a filter are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the steam drum (11) is connected to a sub-cylinder via a water inlet pipe, a plurality of steam outlets are arranged on the sub-cylinder, and a steam regulating valve is installed on each steam outlet; smoke pipes are evenly arranged in the boiler shell assembly (12); the left and right headers (13) are connected to the steam drum (11) and the boiler shell assembly (12) via an ascending pipe (14) and a descending pipe (15).

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchange device comprises: a smoke tube heat exchanger and an economizer; the smoke tube of the smoke tube heat exchanger and the water in the boiler shell assembly (12) are arranged in countercurrent heat exchange, and a smoke guide plate is provided in the shell side of the smoke tube heat exchanger.

[0012] Furthermore, the economizer tube of the economizer is a light tube structure, an anti-scaling and descaling device is arranged inside the economizer, the anti-scaling and descaling device includes an ultrasonic generator and a magnetic processing unit, and a water quality monitoring sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the economizer.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange device is coated with a heat insulating layer on the outside, and a silicate composite material insulation layer, a heat insulating concrete layer, and a refractory concrete layer are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside.

[0014] Furthermore, the combustion chamber (1) is connected to the induced draft fan via a flexible connecting pipe, a chimney is installed at the end of the flue, and an anti-corrosion lining is provided inside the chimney.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Efficient heat transfer and stable combustion: The combustion chamber is located in front of the evaporator assembly and adopts a membrane fireplace wall structure. The rear wall is equipped with a yellow phosphorus tail gas burner. This layout can ensure that the yellow phosphorus tail gas is fully burned. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion directly enters the boiler shell assembly of the evaporator assembly, reducing heat loss, improving heat exchange efficiency, and thus improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler. The sealing of the membrane fireplace wall structure ensures a stable pressure and airflow environment in the combustion chamber, which helps to fully burn the fuel, reduce incomplete combustion products, reduce energy waste and pollutant emissions, and make the combustion process more stable and efficient.

[0017] Adapt to fuel characteristics: The unique premixed combustion structure of the yellow phosphorus tail gas burner, including the premixing chamber, fuel injection device and air conditioning device, ensures full combustion of the tail gas, improves combustion efficiency, reduces harmful gas emissions, realizes effective utilization of special fuels, and reduces pollution to the environment.

[0018] Efficient water circulation and steam separation: The steam drum is located above the boiler shell assembly to form an evaporator assembly with an upper and lower structure, which is convenient for forming a natural circulation heat exchange system. The heated water and steam-water mixture in the boiler shell assembly rises to the steam drum through the riser for steam-water separation. The separated water returns to the boiler shell assembly through the downcomer to continue to be heated. The circulation process is natural and smooth, ensuring the continuous and efficient heat exchange of water in the evaporator assembly and improving the steam generation efficiency. The cyclone separator steam-water separator with a special structure inside the steam drum uses spiral guide blades to rotate the steam-water mixture to generate centrifugal force to achieve efficient steam-water separation, ensuring that the saturated steam drawn from the top of the steam drum is of high quality and meets the steam needs of industrial production or life.

[0019] Safety assurance and stable operation: The liquid level sensor and safety valve installed on the drum can accurately monitor the water level and pressure in the drum in real time. When the water level or pressure is abnormal, a signal is sent out in time or pressure relief measures are taken to effectively prevent accidents such as steam-water co-boiling and dry burning due to water shortage caused by too high or too low water level, as well as serious safety problems such as explosion caused by excessive pressure, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the evaporator components and even the entire boiler system, reducing operating risks, equipment damage and maintenance costs, and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a main structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, the corresponding relationship between the component names and the figure numbers is as follows:

[0023] 1. Combustion chamber;

[0024] 11. Steam drum;

[0025] 12. Pot shell assembly;

[0026] 13. Left and right headers;

[0027] 14. Riser;

[0028] 15. Downcomer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0030] Example:

[0031] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 2 As shown:

[0032] The present invention provides a waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas, comprising a combustion chamber 1, an evaporator assembly, and a heat exchange device; the combustion chamber 1 adopts a membrane fireplace wall structure, and a yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is arranged inside the combustion chamber 1; the evaporator assembly is arranged at the rear side of the combustion chamber 1, a flue is provided at the outlet of the combustion chamber 1, and a chimney is installed at the end of the flue; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue of the combustion chamber 1.

[0033] The yellow phosphorus tail gas burner comprises a premixing chamber, a fuel injection device and an air conditioning device; the yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is connected to a blower through an air duct.

[0034] The combustion chamber is the place where yellow phosphorus tail gas is burned. By burning yellow phosphorus tail gas, a large amount of heat is released, providing a stable heat source for the boiler equipment. This enables the waste heat recovery process to continue, ensures the stable generation of steam, and provides reliable energy support for the company's production. If the yellow phosphorus tail gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it will not only cause energy waste, but also pollute the environment. Burning the yellow phosphorus tail gas in the combustion chamber can convert the chemical energy in the tail gas into thermal energy, and then recover the waste heat through the boiler equipment, which greatly improves the energy utilization rate of the yellow phosphorus tail gas and reduces energy waste and environmental pollution. The design of the combustion chamber usually takes into account the combustion characteristics of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, such as combustion temperature, combustion speed, etc. Through reasonable structural design and burner configuration, the combustion conditions are optimized so that the yellow phosphorus tail gas can be fully burned, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the pollutant emissions caused by incomplete combustion are reduced.

[0035] The combustion chamber has good sealing performance and safety protection measures, which can prevent the leakage of yellow phosphorus tail gas, avoid safety accidents such as fire and explosion, and ensure the life safety of operators and the property safety of the enterprise.

[0036] The evaporator assembly comprises: a steam drum 11, a boiler shell assembly 12 and left and right headers 13; the steam drum 11 and the boiler shell assembly 12 together constitute the upper and lower structures of the evaporator assembly, the steam drum 11 has a water level setting inside, including a normal water level, a maximum safety water level and a minimum safety water level, and a steam-water separator for efficient separation of steam and water is arranged inside, the steam-water separator is a cyclone separator, including a spiral guide blade and a steam-water separation cylinder located in the center, a surface drain pipe is also arranged in the steam drum 11, a liquid level sensor is installed on the steam drum 11, a safety valve is installed on the steam drum 11, the steam drum 11 is connected to a water pump through a water inlet pipe, a check valve and a filter are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the steam drum 11 is connected to a sub-cylinder through a water inlet pipe, a plurality of steam outlets are arranged on the sub-cylinder, and a steam regulating valve is installed on each steam outlet; smoke pipes are evenly arranged in the boiler shell assembly 12; the left and right headers 13 are connected to the steam drum 11 and the boiler shell assembly 12 through an ascending pipe 14 and a descending pipe 15.

[0037] During the waste heat recovery process of yellow phosphorus tail gas, the steam drum 11 can efficiently separate the steam-water mixture, making the output steam dryer and of better quality. This is very important for the subsequent use of steam for production activities (such as driving steam turbines to generate electricity, providing heat sources for other production processes, etc.). High-quality steam can improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce damage to equipment and energy loss caused by problems such as steam carrying water.

[0038] The steam drum 11 can store a certain amount of steam to play a buffering role. When the heat supply of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fluctuates, the steam drum can maintain the relative stability of the system pressure through the steam stored in itself, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire waste heat recovery system, and avoiding the normal operation and service life of the equipment affected by excessive pressure fluctuations.

[0039] The steam drum 11 is the connection hub and dividing point of the three processes of water heating, evaporation and superheating. It receives the steam-water mixture from the riser, separates the steam and water, and outputs the saturated steam to the required place. At the same time, it returns the separated water to the boiler shell assembly through the downcomer, forming a complete water circulation system, ensuring that heat can be continuously transferred from the yellow phosphorus tail gas to the water, and then converted into steam, realizing the efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0040] Furthermore, the riser pipe transports the steam-water mixture generated from the hot gas transported in the combustion chamber to the steam drum, ensuring that the steam-water mixture can smoothly enter the steam drum for steam-water separation. This process is an important link in realizing water circulation and waste heat recovery. Through the transport function of the riser pipe, the steam-water mixture can continuously circulate between the boiler shell assembly and the steam drum, thereby continuously absorbing the heat of the yellow phosphorus tail gas and improving the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0041] In the waste heat boiler, the riser and downcomer form a natural circulation loop. The steam-water mixture in the riser has a lower density and flows upward under the action of buoyancy, while the water in the downcomer has a higher density and flows downward, thus forming a natural circulation. This natural circulation does not require additional power equipment, saves energy consumption, and also improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0042] Among them, the heat exchange device includes: a smoke tube heat exchanger and an economizer; the smoke tube of the smoke tube heat exchanger and the water in the boiler shell assembly 12 are arranged in countercurrent heat exchange, and a smoke guide plate is arranged in the shell side of the smoke tube heat exchanger; the economizer tube of the economizer is a light tube structure, and an anti-scaling and descaling device is arranged inside the economizer, and the anti-scaling and descaling device includes an ultrasonic generator and a magnetic treatment unit, and a water quality monitoring sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the economizer; the outer side of the heat exchange device is coated with an insulating layer, and a silicate composite material insulation layer, an insulating concrete layer, and a refractory concrete layer are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The combustion chamber 1 is connected to the induced draft fan through a flexible connecting pipe, and a chimney is installed at the end of the flue, and an anti-corrosion lining is arranged inside the chimney.

[0043] The following is the experimental data of this application:

[0044] Purpose:

[0045] Evaluate the performance of yellow phosphorus tail gas treatment waste heat boiler equipment under different operating conditions, including thermal efficiency, steam production, exhaust temperature, pollutant emissions and other indicators, verify the rationality and stability of its design, and provide data support for practical applications.

[0046] Experimental equipment and instruments:

[0047] The present invention;

[0048] Flue gas analyzer, used to measure the concentration of various components in flue gas, such as O2, CO, CO2, SO2, NOx, etc.;

[0049] Steam flow meters, measuring steam production;

[0050] Temperature sensors are used to measure the temperature at different locations, such as flue gas temperature, water temperature, steam temperature, etc.

[0051] Pressure sensor, measuring steam pressure, drum pressure, etc.;.

[0052] Fuel flow meter, measuring the flow of yellow phosphorus tail gas;

[0053] Water quality monitors monitor inlet and outlet water quality parameters such as hardness, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.

[0054] Experimental conditions setting:

[0055] Working condition 1: Rated working condition operation

[0056] The yellow phosphorus tail gas flow rate is set to 2198.1Nm 3 / h (based on the designed fuel consumption), the exhaust gas components are maintained at 0.3% by volume of O2, 16.33% by volume of H2, 1.08% by volume of N2, 1.02% by volume of CH4, 2.05% by volume of CO2, 77.61% by volume of CO, 0.98% by volume of H2S, 0.49% by volume of COS, ∑P is 1PPm, the exhaust gas flow pressure is 0.005MPa, and the temperature is 30°C.

[0057] The inlet water temperature was set at 20°C and the air temperature at 20°C.

[0058] The boiler load is set to 100% (i.e. operating at rated evaporation capacity of 8t / h).

[0059] Working condition 2: low load operation

[0060] The yellow phosphorus tail gas flow rate is adjusted to 1099.05Nm 3 / h (50% rated fuel quantity), the exhaust gas composition remains unchanged.

[0061] Inlet water temperature is 20℃, air temperature is 20℃.

[0062] The boiler load is set to 50% (evaporation capacity is about 4 t / h).

[0063] Working condition three: high load operation

[0064] The yellow phosphorus tail gas flow rate increased to 2637.72Nm 3 / h (120% rated fuel quantity), the exhaust gas composition remains unchanged.

[0065] Inlet water temperature is 20℃, air temperature is 20℃.

[0066] The boiler load is set to 120% (evaporation capacity is about 9.6 t / h).

[0067] Experimental data recording and analysis:

[0068]

[0069] Working condition 1: Rated working condition operation data

[0070] Thermal efficiency: By measuring the fuel input heat (calculated based on the yellow phosphorus tail gas flow, composition and calorific value) and the steam output heat (calculated based on the steam output, temperature and pressure), it was calculated that the thermal efficiency is 90.5% (the design efficiency is 90%, and the experimental result is slightly higher than the design value, indicating that the boiler operates well under rated conditions and has high energy conversion efficiency).

[0071] Steam production: The steam flow meter measured the steam production to be 8.05t / h (close to the rated evaporation capacity of 8t / h, meeting the design requirements and within a reasonable error range).

[0072] Exhaust temperature: The exhaust temperature measured at the chimney outlet is 167.5°C (close to the designed exhaust temperature of 168°C, indicating that the heat exchange device has a good heat exchange effect and can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature and reduce heat loss).

[0073] Pollutant emissions: The measurement results of the flue gas analyzer showed that the CO emission concentration was 10ppm (far below the national emission standard limit, indicating that the yellow phosphorus tail gas was fully burned and the burner performance was good), the SO2 emission concentration was 20ppm (due to the low sulfur content in the yellow phosphorus tail gas and part of the sulfur was oxidized to SO2 during the combustion process, but after subsequent treatment and control, the emission concentration met environmental protection requirements), and the NOx emission concentration was 80ppm.

[0074] Working condition 2: low load operation data

[0075] Thermal efficiency: The calculated thermal efficiency is 88.2% (the thermal efficiency decreases when running at low load, but still remains at a high level, indicating that the boiler can operate relatively efficiently even at low load).

[0076] Steam production: The steam production is 4.02t / h (consistent with the set steam production at 50% load, the boiler can stably generate steam at low load).

[0077] Exhaust temperature: The exhaust temperature is 175℃ (slightly higher than the exhaust temperature under rated conditions, because the flue gas volume is relatively reduced at low load, and the heat exchange efficiency is slightly reduced, but still within an acceptable range).

[0078] Pollutant emissions: CO emission concentration is 15ppm, SO2 emission concentration is 18ppm, NOx emission concentration is 75ppm (pollutant emission concentrations can meet environmental protection requirements even under low loads, and do not change much compared to rated conditions, indicating that the burner has better control over pollutants under different loads).

[0079] Working condition three: high load operation data

[0080] Thermal efficiency: The thermal efficiency is 89.8% (the thermal efficiency is close to the rated condition when running at high load, indicating that the boiler can still maintain a high energy conversion efficiency and stable performance under high load).

[0081] Steam production: The steam production is 9.63t / h (reaching the steam production under the set 120% load, indicating that the boiler has a certain overload operation capacity and can meet the fluctuations in production demand).

[0082] Exhaust temperature: The exhaust temperature is 169°C (close to the exhaust temperature under rated conditions, indicating that the heat exchange device can still work effectively under high load, ensuring that the exhaust temperature is within a reasonable range).

[0083] Pollutant emissions: CO emission concentration is 8ppm, SO2 emission concentration is 22ppm, NOx emission concentration is 85ppm (the pollutant emission concentration under high load also meets environmental protection requirements, and the CO emission concentration is further reduced, indicating that the burner burns more fully at high load, but the NOx emission concentration increases slightly, and the combustion parameters can be further optimized or denitrification measures can be taken to control it).

[0084] Experimental conclusion:

[0085] Through experimental tests of this application under different operating conditions, the results show that this application can operate stably under rated conditions, low load conditions and high load conditions, and various performance indicators meet the design requirements; the thermal efficiency remains at a high level under different operating conditions, the steam production can be stably adjusted according to the load demand, and the exhaust temperature and pollutant emission concentration meet environmental protection standards.

[0086] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows:

[0087] In the present invention,

[0088] Fuel combustion process:

[0089] The yellow phosphorus tail gas is sprayed into the premixing chamber at a specific spraying speed and angle through the fuel injection device of the yellow phosphorus tail gas burner. At the same time, the air conditioning device accurately controls the amount of air sent by the blower to enter the premixing chamber, so that the yellow phosphorus tail gas and the air are fully mixed in the premixing chamber; the mixed gas enters the combustion chamber 1 and burns stably under the good sealing and heat insulation environment provided by the membrane fireplace wall structure; the high temperature environment in the combustion chamber 1 ensures that the combustible components in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, such as H2, CO, CH4, etc., are fully oxidized, releasing a large amount of heat energy and generating high-temperature flue gas;

[0090] Steam-water circulation and heat exchange process:

[0091] The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion first enters the smoke tube heat exchanger from the outlet of the combustion chamber 1 through the flue; in the smoke tube heat exchanger, the flue gas flows in the smoke tube, and the water in the boiler shell assembly 12 flows around the smoke tube in the shell side. Since the smoke tube and the water are arranged in countercurrent heat exchange, and the smoke tube adopts a finned tube structure to increase the heat exchange area, the smoke guide plate in the shell side guides the smoke to be evenly distributed and prolongs the residence time, so that the smoke and water can exchange heat efficiently; after the water absorbs the heat of the smoke, the temperature rises, and part of the water begins to vaporize to form a steam-water mixture;

[0092] The steam-water mixture rises through the riser 14 and enters the steam drum 11; in the steam drum 11, the steam-water mixture generates a rotational motion by means of the spiral guide vanes under the action of the cyclone separator, and the steam-water separation is achieved by means of centrifugal force; the separated saturated steam is discharged from the top of the steam-water separation cylinder, and can be distributed to various steam-using equipment through the steam cylinder according to demand. The steam regulating valve on the steam cylinder can adjust the flow and pressure of each steam outlet to meet the steam requirements of different equipment; the separated water returns to the boiler shell assembly 12 through the downcomer 15 to continue the heat cycle; the liquid level sensor on the steam drum 11 monitors the water level in real time, and sends a signal when the water level is lower than the lowest safe water level or higher than the highest safe water level, so as to adjust the water intake or drainage in time; the safety valve automatically opens and releases the pressure when the pressure in the steam drum 11 exceeds the set opening pressure to ensure safe operation; the water pump supplies water to the steam drum 11 through the water inlet pipe, the check valve on the water inlet pipe prevents water from flowing back, and the filter filters impurities in the water to ensure the quality of water entering the boiler;

[0093] The flue gas temperature is lowered after heat exchange in the smoke tube heat exchanger and continues to enter the economizer; in the economizer, the waste heat of the flue gas is further recycled and utilized, the water in the economizer tube of the light tube structure is heated, the anti-scaling and descaling device ultrasonic generator and magnetic treatment unit inside the economizer prevent the impurities in the water from scaling and affecting the heat exchange efficiency, and the water quality monitoring sensor monitors the water quality parameters of the outlet water in real time to ensure that the water quality meets the requirements; after passing through the economizer, the flue gas temperature drops to the exhaust temperature and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney through the flue, and the anti-corrosion lining inside the chimney prevents the flue gas from corroding the chimney;

[0094] Auxiliary system operation principle:

[0095] The induced draft fan is connected to the combustion chamber 1 through a flexible connecting pipe, and its function is to overcome the resistance of the flue and the heat exchange area, and ensure that the flue gas can be smoothly discharged from the combustion chamber 1 to the chimney after passing through the heat exchange device; the air volume and air pressure of the induced draft fan can be adjusted within a certain range according to the operating conditions of the boiler. The air volume adjustment range is a specific range of the maximum flue gas volume of the boiler, and the air pressure adjustment range is a specific range of the total resistance of the flue, so as to maintain a suitable negative pressure environment and ensure the stable combustion and heat exchange process;

[0096] The thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the heat exchanger, and is composed of a silicate composite material insulation layer, a thermal insulation concrete layer, and a refractory concrete layer. These materials are fixed by nails and locking plates. The thermal insulation layer reduces the heat loss of the heat exchanger to the surrounding environment, improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler, and also reduces the ambient temperature of the boiler room, improving the working environment.

[0097] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combustion chamber (1), an evaporator assembly, and a heat exchange device; the combustion chamber (1) adopts a membrane-type fireplace wall structure, and a yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is arranged inside the combustion chamber (1); the evaporator assembly is arranged at the rear side of the combustion chamber (1), a flue is arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber (1), and a chimney is installed at the end of the flue; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue of the combustion chamber (1); The yellow phosphorus tail gas burner comprises a premixing chamber, a fuel injection device and an air conditioning device; the yellow phosphorus tail gas burner is connected to a blower through an air duct; The evaporator assembly comprises: a steam drum (11), a boiler shell assembly (12) and left and right headers (13); the steam drum (11) and the boiler shell assembly (12) together constitute the upper and lower structures of the evaporator assembly; the steam drum (11) has a water level setting inside, including a normal water level, a maximum safety water level and a minimum safety water level; and a steam-water separator for efficient steam-water separation is arranged inside, the steam-water separator is a cyclone separator, including a spiral guide blade and a steam-water separation cylinder located in the center; the steam drum (11) is also provided with a surface sewage pipe, the A liquid level sensor is installed on the steam drum (11), a safety valve is installed on the steam drum (11), the steam drum (11) is connected to a water pump via a water inlet pipe, a check valve and a filter are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the steam drum (11) is connected to a sub-cylinder via a water inlet pipe, a plurality of steam outlets are arranged on the sub-cylinder, and a steam regulating valve is installed on each steam outlet; smoke pipes are evenly arranged in the boiler shell assembly (12); the left and right headers (13) are connected to the steam drum (11) and the boiler shell assembly (12) via an ascending pipe (14) and a descending pipe (15).

2. A waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device comprises: a smoke tube heat exchanger and an economizer; the smoke tube of the smoke tube heat exchanger and the water in the boiler shell assembly (12) are arranged in countercurrent heat exchange, and a smoke guide plate is arranged in the shell side of the smoke tube heat exchanger.

3. A waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The economizer tube of the economizer is a light tube structure. An anti-scaling and descaling device is arranged inside the economizer. The anti-scaling and descaling device includes an ultrasonic generator and a magnetic processing unit. A water quality monitoring sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the economizer.

4. A waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange device is coated with a heat insulating layer on the outside, and a silicate composite material insulation layer, a heat insulating concrete layer, and a refractory concrete layer are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside.

5. The waste heat boiler equipment for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (1) is connected to the induced draft fan via a flexible connecting pipe, a chimney is installed at the end of the flue, and an anti-corrosion lining is arranged inside the chimney.

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