Accelerating device with long time sequence and high acceleration

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-acceleration impact testing, and discloses a long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device which comprises a first-stage gas acceleration device, a second-stage rigid impact loading block, a third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device and an accelerated object. The second-stage rigid impact loading block is accelerated by the first-stage gas acceleration device to a preset speed and then collides with an accelerated object, the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a compression plastic deformation block, the mass of the accelerated object is m2, and in the deformation process of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device, the total mass of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is m1, the speed of the end, making contact with the second-level rigid impact loading block, of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is V1, the mass of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is m1a, the speed of the end, making contact with an accelerated object, of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is V2, the mass of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is m1b, the m1b is gradually increased in the deformation process, and the required crushing force Fpl is increased accordingly. Therefore, the target acceleration a2 of the accelerated object is ensured to be constant within the expected time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high acceleration impact testing, and in particular relates to an acceleration device with long-time sequence and high acceleration. Background Art

[0002] Traditional acceleration devices usually directly use power sources (such as electromagnetic force, high-pressure gas, etc.) to accelerate objects that need to be accelerated. When an object needs to be accelerated at ultra-high acceleration, the system is usually required to generate a huge thrust instantly, with a power of several thousand megawatts. The energy storage unit of the traditional device is almost impossible to meet the needs of long-term high acceleration. At present, with the use of more electric acceleration equipment, it is almost impossible to achieve the power and scale of several thousand megawatts. When compressed air is used, the pressure required to continuously promote acceleration is above hundreds of megapascals. On the one hand, it is difficult to form hundreds of megapascals of compressed air. On the other hand, the high-pressure air power source will decay rapidly after generating explosive driving force, and the high pressure cannot be sustained, resulting in the acceleration time not meeting the requirements, and the full opening time of the diaphragm or the full opening time of the valve to release the air pressure will significantly affect the acceleration effect. Even if some devices use spring buffers, the acceleration process is still unstable. For explosive impact acceleration, the high acceleration lasts only for a short time, and some are only at the microsecond level, and a large amount of heat will be released during the process, which not only cannot sustain high pressure, but also reduces the safety of the device. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide an acceleration device that can effectively achieve high acceleration with long time sequence stability.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a long-time high-acceleration acceleration device, including a first-stage gas acceleration device, a second-stage rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object, the first-stage gas acceleration device is used to provide initial acceleration power, the second-stage rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas acceleration device and then collides with the accelerated object, and a third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device that withstands the impact is arranged between the second-stage rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object, the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a compressive plastic deformation body, the mass of the accelerated object is m2, the total mass of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is m1, and during the deformation process of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device, the speed of the contact end with the second-stage rigid impact loading block is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increasing, the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device plAs it increases, the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are controlled to ensure the target acceleration a of the accelerated object. t Constant over the expected time.

[0005] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the two-stage rigid impact loading block are accelerated to a preset speed by a first-stage gas accelerator and then collide with the accelerated object. The first-stage gas accelerator is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P, and pushes the two-stage rigid impact loading block and the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator to perform acceleration motion with a constant thrust F0. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the two-stage rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0=P×A.

[0006] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device accelerates with acceleration a0, the real-time speed during the movement is V0, and after a distance L0, the initial impact speed V 1initial Colliding with the accelerated object, gas thrust F0, acceleration a0 of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, movement distance L0 of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, initial impact velocity V of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0007] a0=F0 / (m0+m1);

[0008]

[0009] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t and the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the target acceleration value a of the accelerated object t .

[0010] In one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block collides with the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device and the accelerated object connected thereto after being accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device. The primary gas acceleration device is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′, and pushes the secondary rigid impact loading block to accelerate with a constant gas thrust F0′. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the secondary rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the gas pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

[0011] In one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated with an acceleration of a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V′0. After a distance L0′, the initial impact speed V′ 1initial Colliding with the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the accelerated object, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the secondary rigid impact loading block, the movement distance L0′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0012] a′0=F′0 / m′0;

[0013]

[0014] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t and the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the acceleration target value a t .

[0015] In one embodiment, the initial design input value of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is determined based on experience, including: structural density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained, and the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required for the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is determined according to the platform stress curve.

[0016] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure or an origami structure, and the deviation between the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device and the design value during dynamic compression does not exceed a set threshold.

[0017] In one embodiment, the primary gas acceleration device and the secondary rigid impact loading block are sealed and connected via a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is disposed on the secondary rigid impact loading block.

[0018] In one embodiment, the primary gas acceleration device is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device.

[0019] In one embodiment, a control system is also included for controlling the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device. After the pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device reaches a set value, it is released to push the accelerated object to perform accelerated motion.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the traditional acceleration device directly acts on the object that needs to obtain high acceleration to achieve high acceleration motion. The long-time high acceleration acceleration device in the present application includes a primary gas acceleration device, a secondary rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object, the primary gas acceleration device is used to provide initial acceleration power, the secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device and then hits the accelerated object, and a three-level impact force conversion acceleration device that withstands the impact is arranged between the secondary rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object, thereby achieving long-term stable high acceleration acceleration of the accelerated object. The magnitude, stability and duration of the acceleration are independent of the power size of the power source of the entire device and whether the power output is stable, and only depend on whether the secondary rigid impact loading block and the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device can be accelerated to a sufficient speed and kinetic energy and whether the impact force transmitted by the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device is set reasonably. The secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device, which can be achieved by adjusting the acceleration distance, and there is no requirement for the magnitude and stability of the acceleration. Since the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator undergoes compressive plastic deformation during the acceleration process, by reasonably designing the load required for the compressive deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, that is, adjusting the structural density or cross-sectional area of ​​the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, long-term high-overload stable acceleration of the accelerated object can be effectively achieved. The acceleration use range of this application can reach up to 20,000g or more. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an acceleration device with long time sequence and high acceleration according to one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the speed-mass change process of a three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of a long-time high-acceleration acceleration device in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a compression force-displacement curve of a square cone honeycomb three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device according to one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a compression force-displacement curve of a square cone honeycomb three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device with a higher crushing force according to another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 The real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 7 The real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 8 The real-time velocity curve of the secondary rigid impact loading block of Example 1;

[0030] Fig. 9 The acceleration curve of the accelerated object implemented in Example 1;

[0031] Fig.10 This is the acceleration curve of the accelerated object directly accelerated by gas drive;

[0032] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the speed-mass change process of a three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of a long-time high-acceleration acceleration device in another embodiment;

[0033] Fig.12 The real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 2;

[0034] Fig.13 The real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 2;

[0035] Fig.14 The crushing force and compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 2;

[0036] Fig.15 The real-time velocity curve of the secondary rigid impact loading block of Example 2;

[0037] Fig.16 The acceleration curve of the accelerated object implemented in Example 2;

[0038] Fig.17 This is the acceleration curve of the accelerated object that is directly accelerated by gas drive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0042] See also Figure 1-17 , an embodiment of a long-time sequence high-acceleration acceleration device, comprising: a primary gas acceleration device 1, a secondary rigid impact loading block 2, a tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and an accelerated object 4. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device 1 and then collides with the accelerated object 4. The primary gas acceleration device 1 is used to provide initial acceleration power. A tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 that withstands impact is provided between the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the accelerated object 4. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 transmits the power of the primary gas acceleration device 1 to the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3. The tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is a compressive plastic deformation body. The mass of the accelerated object 4 is m2. During the deformation process of the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3, the total mass of the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is m1, and the speed of the contact end with the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object 4 is V2, and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increase, the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 pl The target acceleration a of the accelerated object 4 is ensured by controlling the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3. t Constant within the expected time. In this application, the duration of stable high acceleration reaches milliseconds, which is much higher than the conventional micron level.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 may be a cylindrical high-strength metal block, one end of which is connected to the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 by welding, bonding or bolting, and one end of which is in contact with the high-pressure gas generated by the first-stage gas accelerator 1. Preferably, the first-stage gas accelerator 1 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 are sealed by a sealing ring. Specifically, an annular sealing ring is provided on the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 to prevent a large amount of high-pressure gas from flowing to the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the tail of the accelerated object 4.

[0044] In one embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P, and pushes the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 and the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 to perform acceleration motion with a constant gas thrust F0, and then hits the accelerated object 4 after accelerating to a preset speed. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is A, and the relationship between the gas pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0=P×.

[0045] Specifically, in one embodiment, the initial design input value of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is determined based on experience, including: the structural density ρ I , cross-sectional area A I , total compression distance L I , total length L total , total mass m1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained, and the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required by the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is determined according to the platform stress curve.

[0046] Specifically, in one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the two-stage rigid impact loading block 2 are accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 and then collide with the accelerated object 4. The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is accelerated with an acceleration a0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0. After passing a distance L0, the initial impact speed V 1initial When the gas thrust provided by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is constant, the gas thrust F0, the acceleration a0 of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3, the moving distance L0 of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3, and the initial impact velocity V of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 are 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0047] a0=F0 / (m0+m1);

[0048]

[0049] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object 4 t and acceleration duration target value tt , the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object 4 under constant acceleration can be calculated t , the accelerated object 4 moves away from the target value L t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual accelerated object has reached (or is close to) the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t .

[0050] The initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator include: device structure density ρ I , device cross-sectional area A I , the total compression distance of the device is L I , total length of the device L total , the total mass of the device is m1.

[0051] Device structure density ρ I , device cross-sectional area A I and the total length of the device L total It can be used to determine the total mass m1 of the device. Similarly, when the total mass m1 of the device is determined first, the total length L of the device can also be determined based on it. total , thereby determining the total distance L that the device can be compressed I .

[0052] According to the total kinetic energy of the device (secondary rigid impact loading block 2, third-level impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and accelerated object 4) after the same speed And the compression work of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 (first approximate estimate) Get the initial velocity of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 before the impact (Design minimum value);

[0053] The real-time calculation value calculation process of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is as follows:

[0054] In order to ensure that the acceleration of the accelerated object 4 is constant, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is used to convert the real-time crushing force F pl =(m 1b +m2)a t , where m 1b Need to be calculated later;

[0055] Three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 real-time crushing speed V 1r (The relative speed difference between the accelerated object 4 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 provides a continuous crushing force to the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 through the existence of the speed difference)

[0056] V 1r =V1-V2=V1-at t;

[0057] The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the uncompressed tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 (mass m 1a The real-time speed of the part is

[0058] Three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 real-time compression length

[0059] Real-time speed of accelerated object 4

[0060] Real-time moving distance of accelerated object 4

[0061] Based on the above formula, the mass of the compressed part of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 can be calculated by substituting

[0062] Substitute the above formula into the real-time acceleration of the accelerated object 4 And let a2 = a t , we can calculate F pl The change curve of compression length of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator over time (such as Figure 4 and 5 The F obtained by finite element calculation after designing the platform stress according to the above formula in an embodiment is pl Curve of compression length (displacement) of the acceleration device with three-level impact force conversion).

[0063] Based on the above analysis, it can be obtained that the platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator If the obtained platform stress curve is not convenient for engineering structure design, then return to adjust the initial design parameters, perform iterative optimization design, and obtain a platform stress curve that is convenient for engineering implementation. Then, the specific structural density ρ of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is designed according to the platform stress curve. I , cross-sectional area A I , total compression distance L I , total length L total , total mass m1.

[0064] In another embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′, and pushes the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 to perform acceleration motion with a constant gas thrust F0′. After accelerating to a preset speed, it hits the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and the accelerated object 4 connected thereto. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is A, and the relationship between the gas pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

[0065] The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is connected to the accelerated object 4. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator 1 and impacts the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the accelerated object 4 connected thereto. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated with an acceleration of a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V′0. After a distance L0′, the initial impact speed V′ 1initial When the gas thrust provided by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is constant, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2, the moving distance L0′ of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 are collided with the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and the accelerated object 4. 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0066] a′0=F′0 / m0;

[0067]

[0068] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object 4 t and acceleration duration target value t t , the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object 4 under constant acceleration can be calculated t , the accelerated object 4 moves away from the target value L t , speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual accelerated object reaches (or approaches) the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t .

[0069] The initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator include: device structure density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1.

[0070] Device structure density ρ′ I , device cross-sectional area A′ I and the total length of the device L′ total It can be used to determine the total mass m'1 of the device. Similarly, when the total mass m'1 of the device is determined first, the total length L' of the device can also be determined based on it. total , thereby determining the total distance L' that the device can be compressed I .

[0071] According to the total kinetic energy of the device (secondary rigid impact loading block 2, third-level impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and accelerated object 4) after the same speed And the compression work of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 (first approximate estimate) Get the initial velocity of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 before impact (This is the minimum design value. In actual design, a design margin of more than 5% should be considered as needed).

[0072] The real-time calculation value calculation process of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is as follows:

[0073] In order to ensure that the acceleration of the accelerated object 4 is constant, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is used to convert the real-time crushing force F′ pl =(m′ 1b +m′2)a t , where m 1b Need to be calculated later;

[0074] Real-time crushing speed V′ of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 1r (The relative speed difference between the accelerated object 4 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 provides a continuous crushing force to the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 through the existence of the speed difference)

[0075] V′ 1r =V′1-V′2=V′1-a t t;

[0076] The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the uncompressed tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 (mass m 1a The real-time speed of the part is It should be pointed out that since m′1 is much smaller than m′0, the initial speed of the two after the same speed will not be significantly attenuated relative to the speed of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2;

[0077] Three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 real-time compression

[0078] Real-time speed of accelerated object 4

[0079] Real-time moving distance of accelerated object 4

[0080] Based on the above formula, the mass of the compression part of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 can be calculated by substituting

[0081] Substitute the above formula into the real-time acceleration of the accelerated object 4 And let a′2=a t , we can calculate F′ pl Change curve of compression length of accelerator with time or three-level impact force conversion.

[0082] Based on the above analysis, it can be obtained that the platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator If the obtained platform stress curve is not convenient for engineering structure design, then return to adjust the initial design parameters, perform iterative optimization design, and obtain a platform stress curve that is convenient for engineering implementation. Then, the specific device structure density ρ′ of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is designed according to the platform stress curve. I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1.

[0083] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure or other lightweight and high-strength lattice structure, and the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 during dynamic compression does not deviate from the design value by more than a set threshold value, for example, the threshold value may be within 20%.

[0084] Preferably, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device. In one embodiment, a control system is also included to control the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device 1. The pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is released after reaching a set value.

[0085] Traditional acceleration devices directly apply the power of the power source to the object that needs to obtain high acceleration to achieve high acceleration movement. The long-term high-acceleration acceleration device in this application includes a first-level gas acceleration device, a second-level rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object. The first-level gas acceleration device is used to provide initial acceleration power. The second-level rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas acceleration device and then hits the accelerated object. A three-level impact force conversion acceleration device that withstands the impact is arranged between the second-level rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object, thereby achieving long-term stable high acceleration acceleration of the accelerated object. The magnitude, stability and duration of the acceleration have nothing to do with the power size of the power source of the entire device and whether the power output is stable. It only depends on whether the second-level rigid impact loading block and the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device can be accelerated to a sufficient speed and kinetic energy and whether the impact force transmitted by the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device is set reasonably. The second-level rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas acceleration device, which can be achieved by adjusting the acceleration distance, and there is no requirement for the magnitude and stability of the acceleration. Since the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator undergoes compressive plastic deformation during the acceleration process, by reasonably designing the load required for the compressive deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, that is, adjusting the structural density or cross-sectional area of ​​the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, long-term high-overload stable acceleration of the accelerated object can be effectively achieved. The acceleration use range of this application can reach up to 20,000g or more.

[0086] Example 1: (Please refer to Figure 6-10 )

[0087] 1. The design and input parameters of the accelerated object, the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device are shown in the following table:

[0088] <![CDATA[Mass m2 (kg) of the object to be accelerated]]> 30 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963 <![CDATA[Three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device Mass m1 (kg)]]> 30 <![CDATA[Total length L of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device total (m)]]> 1 <![CDATA[The total compressible distance L of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device I (m)]]> 0.5 <![CDATA[Mass m0 (kg) of the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 300 <![CDATA[Acceleration a0 (m / s 2 )]]> 10000 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963

[0089] 2. The design output parameters of the secondary rigid impact loading block and the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device are shown in the following table:

[0090] <![CDATA[Crushing force F required at the initial acceleration moment of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_initial (kN)]]> 7500 <![CDATA[Crushing force F required at the end of acceleration of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_end (kN)]]> 15000 <![CDATA[Gas thrust force F0 (kN) required for the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 3300 <![CDATA[Minimum velocity V of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision 1initial (m / s)]]> 557 <![CDATA[Acceleration time t0 (s) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 0.0557 <![CDATA[Acceleration distance d0 (m) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 15.5

[0091] According to the above input and output, after iterative optimization, the real-time crushing force curve of the three-level impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time compression curve of the three-level impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time speed curve of the second-level buffer loading fast and the time curve of the acceleration stability of the accelerated object are obtained. For details, please refer to Figure 6-9 In this embodiment, according to Fig. 9 and 10 The comparison results show that, by using the device of the present application and the relevant parameter conditions, the accelerated object can finally achieve a stable acceleration of 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , the duration is 2ms. Considering the fluctuation of the crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator under the actual dynamic load, it can also achieve a duration of more than 80% of the peak acceleration of 2ms. If the pressure of the high-pressure chamber is directly applied to the accelerated object, its acceleration can only reach 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , while 1.5x10 5 m / s 2 The above duration is also no more than 1 ms. It can be seen that the acceleration device of the present application can achieve long-sequence high acceleration and stable acceleration of the accelerated object in the test bomb bay experiment.

[0092] Example 2: (Please refer to Figure 12-16 )

[0093] 1. The design and input parameters of the accelerated object, the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device are shown in the following table:

[0094] <![CDATA[Mass m2 (kg) of the object to be accelerated]]> 30 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963 <![CDATA[Three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device mass m′1 (kg)]]> 15 <![CDATA[Total length L' of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device total (m)]]> 1 <![CDATA[The total compressible distance L′ of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device I (m)]]> 0.55 <![CDATA[Mass m′0 (kg) of the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 300 <![CDATA[Acceleration a′0 (m / s 2 ) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision 10000 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963

[0095] 2. The design output parameters of the secondary rigid impact loading block and the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device are shown in the following table:

[0096] <![CDATA[Crushing force F' required at the initial acceleration moment of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_initial (kN)]]> 7500 <![CDATA[Crushing force F' required at the end of acceleration of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_end (kN)]]> 11250 <![CDATA[Gas thrust force F′0 (kN) required for the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 3000 <![CDATA[Minimum velocity V' of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision 1initial (m / s)]]> 595 <![CDATA[Acceleration time t′0 (s) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 0.595 <![CDATA[Accelerating distance d′0 (m) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 17.7

[0097] According to the above input and output, after iterative optimization, the real-time crushing force curve of the three-level impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time compression curve of the three-level impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time speed curve of the second-level buffer loading fast and the time curve of the acceleration stability of the accelerated object are obtained. For details, please refer to Figure 12-16 In this embodiment, according to Fig.16 and 17 The comparison results show that, by using the device of the present application and the relevant parameter conditions, the accelerated object can finally achieve a stable acceleration of 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , the duration is 2ms. Considering the fluctuation of the crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator under the actual dynamic load, it can also achieve a duration of more than 80% of the peak acceleration of 2ms. If the pressure of the high-pressure chamber is directly applied to the accelerated object, its acceleration can only reach 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , while 1.5x10 5 m / s 2 The above duration is no more than 1ms. Compared with the method of Example 1, the total mass of Example 2 in the early gas-propelled acceleration process is lighter, and the front end contacting the air with the resistance structure is simpler, but both methods can achieve the same experimental goal. It can be seen that the acceleration device of the present application can achieve long-sequence high acceleration stable acceleration of the accelerated object in the test bomb cabin experiment.

Claims

1. A long-time high-acceleration acceleration device, characterized in that: include: A primary gas acceleration device, a secondary rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object, wherein the primary gas acceleration device is used to provide initial acceleration power, the secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device and then collides with the accelerated object, and a third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is provided between the second-level rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object to withstand the impact, the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is a compressive plastic deformation body, the mass of the accelerated object is m2, the total mass of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device is m1, and during the deformation process of the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device, the speed of the contact end with the secondary rigid impact loading block is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increasing, the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device pl As it increases, the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are controlled to ensure the target acceleration a of the accelerated object. t Constant over the expected time.

2. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third-level impact force conversion accelerator and the second-level rigid impact loading block are accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas accelerator and then collide with the accelerated object. The first-level gas accelerator is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P, and pushes the second-level rigid impact loading block and the third-level impact force conversion accelerator to perform accelerated motion with a constant thrust F0. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-level rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0=P×A.

3. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator accelerates with acceleration a0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0. After a distance L0, the initial impact speed V 1initial Colliding with the accelerated object, gas thrust F0, acceleration a0 of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, movement distance L0 of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, initial impact velocity V of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 1initial The relationship between them is as follows: a0=F0 / (m0+m1); According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t and the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the target acceleration value a of the accelerated object t .

4. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: After being accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas acceleration device, the second-level rigid impact loading block collides with the third-level impact force conversion acceleration device and the accelerated object connected thereto. The first-level gas acceleration device is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′, and pushes the second-level rigid impact loading block to accelerate with a constant gas thrust F0′. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-level rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the gas pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

5. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary rigid impact loading block accelerates with acceleration a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0′. After passing the distance L0′, it moves at the initial impact speed V′ 1initial Colliding with the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the accelerated object, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the secondary rigid impact loading block, the movement distance L0′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block 1initial The relationship between them is as follows: a′0=F′0 / m′0; According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t and the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the acceleration target value a t .

6. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator determined based on experience include: structural density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained, and the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required for the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is determined according to the platform stress curve.

7. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that: The three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure or an origami structure. The deviation between the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device and the design value during dynamic compression does not exceed a set threshold.

8. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage gas acceleration device and the second-stage rigid impact loading block are sealed and connected via a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the second-stage rigid impact loading block.

9. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage gas acceleration device is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device.

10. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system for controlling the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device. After the pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device reaches a set value, it is released to push the accelerated object to perform accelerated motion.

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