Testing device and method for testing shear force of rock structural surface occlusion layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for testing the shear force of a rock structural surface occlusion layer, the test device comprises a rack, two slide rails I and a driving mechanism, the two slide rails I are parallel to each other and are horizontally mounted on the rack, the slide rails I are slidably connected with slide blocks I, the upper parts of the slide blocks I are used for mounting and supporting an upper test piece, and the lower parts of the slide blocks I are used for mounting and supporting a lower test piece; the upper test piece stretches across the upper parts of the two slide rails I; the driving mechanism comprises a driving table, the driving table can horizontally move in the direction of the first sliding rail, a linkage seat is fixedly installed on the driving table, and the linkage seat is in linkage with the upper test piece and used for horizontally applying force to the upper test piece in the direction of the first sliding rail. The shear force of the occlusion part of the lower test piece and the upper test piece can be more accurately obtained, the influence caused by gravity is overcome, and the accuracy of the rock structural surface occlusion layer shear force test is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rock testing technology, and more specifically, to a testing device for testing the shear force of a rock structure surface bite layer, and also to a testing method for testing the shear force of a rock structure surface bite layer. Background Art

[0002] The rock mass structural surface shear test is an experimental method used to evaluate the mechanical properties of rock mass structural surfaces (such as faults, joints or other discontinuities) under shear loads. This type of test is mainly used to understand the stability and deformation of rock mass under different stress conditions, which is of great significance to engineering construction and geological disaster prediction.

[0003] In the current shear test, two rock specimens are usually stacked up and down to form a mutually interlocking structural surface between the two rock specimens, and the structural surface is generally roughly horizontal; the lower rock specimen is fixed, and a load is applied to the upper rock specimen in the horizontal direction. The interlocking part of the structural surface between the two rock specimens will be subjected to the shear force, and the shear force test of the structural surface interlocking layer can be realized. However, the upper rock is directly stacked on the lower rock. The upper rock has its own weight. Under the influence of gravity, it will exert pressure on the lower rock. The mutual pressure between the structural surfaces will have a greater impact on the shear force parameters of the mutually interlocking parts of the rock mass structural surfaces. Even in the shear test process, the selection of rocks of different sizes and weights will have a greater impact on the shear force test, which also affects the accuracy of the current shear test of the interlocking layer of the rock structural surface, and it is impossible to obtain more realistic shear parameters.

[0004] Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a test device and method for testing the shear force of the interlocking layer of a rock structure surface, which can overcome the influence of the deadweight of the rock on the shear force of the rock structure surface.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A test device for testing the shear force of the occlusal layer of a rock structure surface, comprising a frame, two slide rails 1 and a driving mechanism, wherein the two slide rails 1 are parallel to each other and horizontally mounted on the frame, wherein the slide rails 1 are slidably connected with sliders 1, wherein the upper part of the sliders 1 is used to mount and support an upper test piece, wherein the upper test piece spans the upper part of the two slide rails 1; wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving platform, wherein the driving platform can move horizontally along the direction of the slide rails 1, wherein a linkage seat is fixedly mounted on the driving platform, wherein the linkage seat is linked with the upper test piece and is used to apply force to the upper test piece horizontally along the direction of the slide rails 1;

[0008] It also includes a lifting support plate, a second slide rail and a hydraulic lifter. The lifting support plate is located between the two first slide rails and at the lower side of the linkage seat. The upper side of the lifting support plate is used to fix and install the lower test piece. The second slide rail is vertically installed on the frame. The second slide rail is slidably connected with a second slide block. The lifting support plate is fixedly installed on the second slide block. The hydraulic lifter is located at the lower side of the lifting support plate and is used to press and push the lifting support plate up and down for adjustment.

[0009] Two blocks are fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage seat, and the two blocks are distributed along one direction of the slide rail; the upper part of the upper test piece is embedded between the two blocks.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a force sensor 1 is installed on the side of the stopper facing the upper test piece, and the stopper and the force sensor 1 are against the upper test piece to detect the horizontal force exerted on the upper test piece.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that two connecting members are fixedly installed on the upper portion of the lifting support plate, the two connecting members are distributed along one direction of the slide rail, and a lower test piece is installed between the two connecting members, which can press and limit the lower test piece in a horizontal direction.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that there are two groups of slide rails 2, which are respectively located at the two ends of the lifting support plate toward the slide rail 1, and the two groups of slide rails 1 are used to jointly guide the lifting support plate to slide up and down; the slide rail 2 is slidably installed on one side of the lifting support plate.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the frame includes a support frame, the support frame is a horizontal ring structure, and the two sets of slide rails, the lifting support plate and the hydraulic lifter are all located on the inner periphery of the support frame.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the support frame has two support parts at both ends facing the second slide rail, and the two sets of first slide rails are respectively fixedly mounted on the two support parts of the support frame.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the hydraulic lifter includes a lifting end, and the lifting end is used to press and support a lifting support plate; a force sensor 2 is provided between the lifting end and the lifting support plate, and the force sensor 2 is used to detect the up and down forces exerted on the lifting end.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving mechanism includes guide rod one, guide rod two and a driving module, the guide rod one and guide rod two are installed on the frame and are arranged parallel to the slide rail one; the driving platform is slidably connected to guide rod one, the guide rod two is a screw rod, the guide rod two is rotatably connected to the frame, and the driving platform is threadedly connected to guide rod two; the driving module is used to drive guide rod two to rotate.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving mechanism includes guide rod one, guide rod two and a driving module, the guide rod one and guide rod two are installed on the frame and are arranged parallel to the slide rail one; the driving platform is slidably connected to guide rod one and guide rod two, and the driving end of the driving module is connected to the driving platform for driving the driving platform to slide horizontally.

[0018] The present invention also provides a test method for testing the shear force of the bite layer of the rock structure surface, using the test device as described above, selecting a lower test piece and an upper test piece, wherein the lower test piece and the upper test piece have mutually adapted structural surfaces;

[0019] The lower test piece is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the lifting support plate, and the upper test piece is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the slide block 1, and the upper part of the upper test piece is embedded between the two stoppers; the driving platform is slidably adjusted along the direction of the slide rail 1 to adjust the upper test piece to be directly above the lower test piece; the lifting support plate is pushed upward by the hydraulic lifter until the structural surface on the upper side of the lower test piece contacts the structural surface on the lower side of the upper test piece;

[0020] The driving platform is driven by the driving mechanism to move horizontally along one direction of the slide rail, a horizontal load is applied to the upper specimen, and a shear test is performed on the lower specimen and the upper specimen.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In this scheme, the upper specimen is lifted by slide rail 1 and supported by horizontal sliding, and can only move in the horizontal direction, while the lower specimen is supported by a lifting support plate. The gravity of the upper specimen will not directly act on the lower specimen, the gravity of the upper and lower specimens can be overcome, and gravity will not produce pressure on the structural bite surfaces of the two. During the detection process, the actual structural bite surface bite force of the two specimens can be tested.

[0023] During the test, the lower specimen can be close to the upper specimen, and the lower specimen and the upper specimen are in contact with each other. There is no upward and downward pressure between the structural surfaces of the two, and only the structural surfaces of the two are interlocked with each other. During the horizontal loading test, the shear force of the interlocking part of the lower specimen and the upper specimen can be obtained more accurately, overcoming the influence of gravity and improving the accuracy of the shear force test of the rock structure surface interlocking layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lifting support plate in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the lower specimen and the upper specimen during the shear test in this embodiment Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the lower specimen and the upper specimen during the shear test in this embodiment Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure numerals: lower specimen 100; upper specimen 200; structural surface 300; bottom plate 1; support seat 2; support frame 3; support frame 4; support portion 41; support beam 5; slide rail 1 6; slider 1 61; drive platform 7; linkage seat 8; screw 81; nut 82; block 83; guide rod 1 9; guide rod 2 10; drive module 11; slide rail 2 12; slider 2 13; lifting support plate 14; connecting piece 15; hydraulic lifter 16; lifting end 161; force sensor 1 17; force sensor 2 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] This embodiment discloses a test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a frame, two slide rails 6 and a driving mechanism, and the frame supports the entire test device.

[0033] The frame includes a base plate 1 and two support seats 2, the two support seats 2 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the base plate 1, two groups of support beams 5 are fixedly installed between the two support seats 2, and the lower part of the support beam 5 is supported by a support frame 3 and a support frame 4, thereby maintaining the strength and structural stability of the support beam 5.

[0034] Two slide rails 6 are fixedly installed on the upper parts of the two support beams 5. The two slide rails 6 are parallel to each other and installed horizontally side by side. Slide blocks 61 are slidably connected to the slide rails 6. Two slide blocks 61 are installed on each slide rail 6. The upper part of the slide block 61 is used to install and support the upper test piece 200. The upper test piece 200 is supported and fixed by four slide blocks 61. The upper test piece 200 can slide horizontally along the slide rail 6.

[0035] Specifically, the upper test piece 200 is fixedly connected by bolts during installation. A through hole is provided at the position of the upper test piece 200 corresponding to the four sliders 61, and the bolts penetrate the upper test piece 200 from top to bottom and are threadedly connected to the sliders 61, thereby fixing the sliders 61 to the upper test piece 200.

[0036] The upper test piece 200 spans the upper part of the two slide rails 6, forming a gap between the two slide rails 6. The lower side of the upper test piece 200 is a test structural surface 300, which can be used to perform a shear force test with the structural surface 300 on the upper side of the upper test piece 200.

[0037] The driving mechanism includes a driving platform 7, which can move horizontally along the slide rail 6 and can drive the upper test piece 200. A linkage seat 8 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the driving platform 7, and a screw rod 81 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the driving platform 7. The screw rod 81 passes through the driving platform 7 upward and is connected and fixed by a nut 82.

[0038] The linkage seat 8 is linked with the upper test piece 200, and can apply force to the upper test piece 200 horizontally along the direction of the slide rail 6 to provide power for the shear test.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 As shown, two blocks 83 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage seat 8, and the two blocks 83 are distributed along the direction of the slide rail 6 and are respectively located at the two ends of the slide rail 6. The upper part of the upper test piece 200 is embedded between the two blocks 83, and the blocks 83 can be against the upper test piece 200 to transfer the load in the horizontal direction.

[0040] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the test device in this embodiment also includes a lifting support plate 14, a second slide rail 12 and a hydraulic lifter 16. The lifting support plate 14 is located between the two slide rails 6 and at the lower side of the linkage seat 8.

[0041] The upper side of the lifting support plate 14 is used to fix and install the lower test piece 100 . The lower test piece 100 can be supported by the lifting support plate 14 and can be installed and fixed by two connecting members 15 .

[0042] The slide rail 12 is vertically mounted on the frame, and the slide rail 12 is slidably connected to the slider 13, and the slider 13 can slide up and down along the slide rail 12, thereby guiding the lifting and lowering of the lifting support plate 14. There are two sets of slide rails 12, and the two sets of slide rails 12 are respectively located at the two ends of the lifting support plate 14 facing the slide rail 1 6, and the two sets of slide rails 1 6 can jointly guide the lifting and lowering of the lifting support plate 14.

[0043] The two sides of the lifting support plate 14 are fixedly mounted on the two sliders 13, and the lifting support plate 14 and the sliders 13 are fixed to each other, so as to keep the lifting support plate 14 stably lifted and lowered. The hydraulic lifter 16 is located at the lower side of the lifting support plate 14, and the hydraulic lifter 16 includes a lifting end 161, which can press and support the lifting support plate 14, and then can lift and lower the lifting support plate 14, so that the structural surface 300 on the upper side of the lower test piece 100 and the structural surface 300 on the lower side of the upper test piece 200 can contact each other.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, two connecting members 15 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the lifting support plate 14, and the two connecting members 15 are distributed along the direction of the slide rail 16. The lower test piece 100 is installed between the two connecting members 15, and the lower test piece 100 can be pressed and limited in the horizontal direction. The lower test piece 100 can be fixed by the two connecting members 15, and the connecting members 15 can also be pressed and limited with the lower test piece 100, and can transmit the horizontal load to maintain the installation stability of the lower test piece 100.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 As shown, a slider 2 13 is slidably installed on the side of the slide rail 2 12 facing the lifting support plate 14, and the two slide rails 12 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the figure, and the two sliders 13 are located in the middle. The load of the lifting support plate 14 is transmitted to the slide rail 2 12 through the slider 2 13, and the two slide rails 12 can provide stable support.

[0046] In order to further improve the stability between the lifting support plate 14, the slider 13 and the slide rail 12, a support frame 4 can be set in the frame to support it through a ring structure. The support frame 4 is a horizontal ring structure, fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 1, and the two sets of slide rails 16, the lifting support plate 14 and the hydraulic lifter 16 are all located on the inner periphery of the support frame 4.

[0047] The support frame 4 has two support parts 41 at both ends facing the slide rail 12. The two sets of slide rails 1 6 are fixedly installed on the inner sides of the two support parts 41 of the support frame 4, and are connected and supported by the integrally connected side wall parts of the support frame 4, so as to stably bear bidirectional horizontal loads.

[0048] The driving mechanism serves to horizontally load the driving platform 7 , and is used to push the upper test piece 200 to move horizontally relative to the lower test piece 100 .

[0049] The drive mechanism can adopt various structural forms, for example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a guide rod 1 9, a guide rod 2 10 and a driving module 11. The guide rod 1 9 and the guide rod 2 10 are installed on the frame and are arranged parallel to the slide rail 1 6. The guide rod 1 9 is a sliding rod. The driving platform 7 is slidably connected to the guide rod 1 9 to play the role of horizontal sliding guide. The guide rod 1 9 can be provided in multiples according to the length and width of the driving platform 7, thereby maintaining the role of stable guidance for the driving platform 7. The guide rod 2 10 is a screw rod. The guide rod 2 10 is rotatably connected to the frame. The driving platform 7 is equipped with a screw nut, which can be threadedly connected to the guide rod 2 10. The driving module 11 is a rotary driver, which can drive the guide rod 2 10 to rotate.

[0050] During the test, in order to detect the horizontal load on the upper specimen 200, the load loading data inside the driving module 11 can be obtained. A servo rotary drive can be used as the driving module 11, and the relevant data of the horizontal load on the upper specimen 200 can be obtained through the torque conditions in the driving module 11.

[0051] For another example, the driving mechanism includes a guide rod 1 9, a guide rod 2 10 and a driving module 11. The guide rod 1 9 and the guide rod 2 10 are installed on the frame. The guide rod 1 9 and the guide rod 2 10 are both slide rods and are arranged in parallel with the slide rail 1 6. The driving platform 7 is slidably connected to the guide rod 1 9 and the guide rod 2 10, which together play a role in guiding the sliding movement of the driving platform 7. The driving module 11 can adopt a telescopic hydraulic driver, whose driving end can be telescopic in the horizontal direction, and the driving end is connected to the driving platform 7 to drive the driving platform 7 to slide horizontally. During the test, the relevant data of the horizontal load on the upper test piece 200 can be obtained through the hydraulic load recorded by the driving module 11.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to obtain the horizontal load on the upper specimen 200 more stably, a force sensor 17 can be separately provided for detection, thereby being able to obtain the load data more directly and conveniently.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 As shown, a force sensor 17 is installed on the side of the stopper 83 facing the upper specimen 200. The stopper 83 and the force sensor 17 are against the upper specimen 200 to detect the horizontal force on the upper specimen 200. The force sensor 17 can be set to two groups, which are respectively installed on the inner sides of the two stoppers 83 and located on both sides of the upper specimen 200, so as to obtain the loads in two directions respectively.

[0054] Furthermore, during the test, it is necessary to adjust the lifting end 161 of the hydraulic lifter 16 to rise, and the lifting support plate 14 slides upward through the pressure and push of the lifting end 161 until the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200 on the upper side of the lifting support plate 14 contact each other, and the structural surfaces 300 of the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200 contact and fit each other to carry out a shear force test.

[0055] During the test, it is necessary to overcome the pressure in the vertical direction between the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200 as much as possible, so as to avoid the interference of the pressure in the vertical direction on the shear force test. However, the hydraulic lifter 16 is a jack structure, and it is difficult to adjust to the right position during the lifting process. It is difficult to observe the distance between the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200, and there may be excessive pressure or a gap between the two.

[0056] Further, refer to Figure 6 As shown, a force sensor 2 18 is provided between the lifting support plates 14. The force sensor 2 18 has a structure similar to that of an electronic scale and can detect the forces in the up and down directions on the lifting end 161. The weight of the lifting support plates 14, the upper test piece 200, and other sliding parts and connecting and fixing parts all act downward on the force sensor 2 18. In a stable state, the value measured by the force sensor 2 18 remains basically stable, that is, the gravity of each component supported by the upper part of the lifting end 161.

[0057] In the process of the hydraulic lifter 16 pushing the lifting plate 14 and the lower specimen 100 upward, when the lower specimen 100 is not in contact with the upper specimen 200, the load data on the force sensor 18 remains basically stable, and the load data is F1; when the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200 are in contact with each other, the two are pressed against each other, and the load data on the force sensor 18 will increase, and the load data is F2.

[0058] During the test, the load data of the force sensor 2 18 can be adjusted to a range slightly larger than F1 by fine-tuning the hydraulic lifter 16. The appropriate range is , which can keep the structural surfaces 300 of the two in contact with each other and avoid the influence of excessive pressure.

[0059] This embodiment also discloses a test method for testing the shear force of the bite layer of a rock structure surface. The test is performed using the test device as described above. Before the experiment, an appropriate lower test piece 100 and an upper test piece 200 are selected. The lower test piece 100 and the upper test piece 200 have mutually adapted structural surfaces 300.

[0060] During the test, the lower test piece 100 is first fixedly mounted on the upper part of the lifting support plate 14, and the position of the lower test piece 100 can be fixed and limited by the connecting piece 15. The upper test piece 200 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the slider 61, and is supported by four groups of sliders 61. The upper part of the upper test piece 200 is embedded between two stoppers 83, and the stoppers 83 and the side surfaces of the upper test piece 200 are against each other to transmit the horizontal load.

[0061] Then, the driving platform 7 is slidably adjusted along the direction of the slide rail 6 to adjust the upper specimen 200 to be directly above the lower specimen 100, with the structural surface 300 of the upper specimen 200 facing downward and the structural surface 300 on the upper side of the lower specimen 100 facing upward, so that the two structural surfaces 300 can face each other vertically and are roughly in a horizontal direction.

[0062] The hydraulic lifter 16 is used to push the lifting support plate 14 upward until the structural surface 300 on the upper side of the lower test piece 100 contacts the structural surface 300 on the lower side of the upper test piece 200; and the hydraulic lifter 16 is adjusted to float up and down so that the load data F2 on the force sensor 2 18 can be within an appropriate range. , and control F2 to be as small as possible. After adjustment, the lower test piece 100 and the upper test piece 200 can keep their structural surfaces 300 in contact with each other, and can avoid the influence of excessive pressure.

[0063] The driving mechanism drives the driving platform 7 to move horizontally along the slide rail 6, applies a horizontal load to the upper specimen 200, and performs a shear test on the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200. The horizontal load applied to the upper specimen 200 is continuously increased until the structural surface 300 between the lower specimen 100 and the upper specimen 200 is sheared, and the shear force parameters of the two rock specimens can be obtained.

[0064] During the test, the shear strength, shear displacement and other data of the structural surface are recorded. By analyzing the data, the shear strength parameters of the structural surface, such as cohesion and internal friction angle, are obtained.

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, two slide rails (6) and a driving mechanism, wherein the two slide rails (6) are parallel to each other and are horizontally mounted on the frame, and each of the slide rails (6) is slidably connected with a slider (61), and the upper part of the slider (61) is used to mount and support an upper test piece (200), and the upper test piece (200) spans the upper parts of the two slide rails (6); the driving mechanism comprises a driving platform (7), and the driving platform (7) can move horizontally along the direction of the slide rail (6), and a linkage seat (8) is fixedly mounted on the driving platform (7), and the linkage seat (8) is linked with the upper test piece (200) and is used to apply force to the upper test piece (200) horizontally along the direction of the slide rail (6); It also includes a lifting support plate (14), a second slide rail (12) and a hydraulic lifter (16), wherein the lifting support plate (14) is located between the two first slide rails (6) and at the lower side of the linkage seat (8), and the upper side of the lifting support plate (14) is used for fixing and installing the lower test piece (100); the second slide rail (12) is vertically installed on the frame, the second slide rail (12) is slidably connected to the second slide block (13), and the lifting support plate (14) is fixedly installed on the second slide block (13); the hydraulic lifter (16) is located at the lower side of the lifting support plate (14) and is used for pressing and pushing the lifting support plate (14) to adjust up and down; Two blocks (83) are fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage seat (8), and the two blocks (83) are distributed along the direction of the slide rail (6); the upper part of the upper test piece (200) is embedded between the two blocks (83).

2. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A force sensor 1 (17) is installed on the side of the stopper (83) facing the upper test piece (200). The stopper (83) and the force sensor 1 (17) are against the upper test piece (200) and are used to detect the horizontal force applied to the upper test piece (200).

3. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two connecting members (15) are fixedly mounted on the upper part of the lifting support plate (14), and the two connecting members (15) are distributed along the direction of the slide rail (6). The lower test piece (100) is mounted between the two connecting members (15), and can be pressed and limited to the lower test piece (100) in the horizontal direction.

4. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the second slide rails (12) is two groups, and the two groups of the second slide rails (12) are respectively located at the two ends of the lifting support plate (14) facing the first slide rail (6), and the two groups of the first slide rails (6) are used to guide the lifting support plate (14) to slide up and down together; the second slide rail (12) is slidably installed on one side of the lifting support plate (14) to slide the second slide block (13).

5. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame comprises a support frame (4), the support frame (4) is a horizontal ring structure, and two sets of slide rails (6), a lifting support plate (14) and a hydraulic lifter (16) are all located on the inner periphery of the support frame (4).

6. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support frame (4) has two support parts (41) at both ends facing the second slide rail (12), and the two sets of first slide rails (6) are respectively fixedly mounted on the two support parts (41) of the support frame (4).

7. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifter (16) comprises a lifting end (161), wherein the lifting end (161) is used to press and support a lifting support plate (14); a second force sensor (18) is provided between the lifting end (161) and the lifting support plate (14), wherein the second force sensor (18) is used to detect the force in the up and down directions applied to the lifting end (161).

8. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a guide rod 1 (9), a guide rod 2 (10) and a driving module (11); the guide rod 1 (9) and the guide rod 2 (10) are mounted on a frame and are arranged parallel to a slide rail 1 (6); the driving platform (7) is slidably connected to the guide rod 1 (9); the guide rod 2 (10) is a screw rod, the guide rod 2 (10) is rotatably connected to the frame, and the driving platform (7) is threadedly connected to the guide rod 2 (10); and the driving module (11) is used to drive the guide rod 2 (10) to rotate.

9. The test device for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a guide rod 1 (9), a guide rod 2 (10) and a driving module (11); the guide rod 1 (9) and the guide rod 2 (10) are mounted on a frame and are arranged parallel to a slide rail 1 (6); the driving platform (7) is slidably connected to the guide rod 1 (9) and the guide rod 2 (10); a driving end of the driving module (11) is connected to the driving platform (7) and is used to drive the driving platform (7) to slide horizontally.

10. A test method for testing the shear force of the rock structure surface bite layer, characterized in that: Using the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, selecting a lower test piece (100) and an upper test piece (200), wherein the lower test piece (100) and the upper test piece (200) have mutually adapted structural surfaces (300); The lower test piece (100) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the lifting support plate (14), and the upper test piece (200) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the slide block (61), with the upper part of the upper test piece (200) being embedded between the two stoppers (83); the driving platform (7) is slidably adjusted along the direction of the slide rail (6) to adjust the upper test piece (200) to be directly above the lower test piece (100); and the lifting support plate (14) is pushed upward by the hydraulic lifter (16) until the structural surface (300) on the upper side of the lower test piece (100) and the structural surface (300) on the lower side of the upper test piece (200) are in contact with each other; The driving mechanism drives the driving platform (7) to move horizontally along the direction of the slide rail (6), applies a horizontal load to the upper test piece (200), and performs a shear test on the lower test piece (100) and the upper test piece (200).

Images