Biological friction-wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological friction-wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion, which comprises a rack, an overhead platform is arranged above the rack, a crank group mechanism is arranged on the platform, the crank group mechanism comprises a flexible trapezoidal crank positioned in the center of the platform, an input shaft of the flexible trapezoidal crank is a transmission shaft, and an output shaft of the flexible trapezoidal crank is a transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is connected with the vertical transmission hinge mechanism through a coupler to receive rotating torque of the motor; the flexible trapezoidal crank is connected with the four rigid elliptical cranks through connecting rods; the rigid elliptical crank is also provided with an output shaft in the vertical direction, and the output shaft extends downwards to be respectively connected with the reciprocating swing mechanism and the ball head and ball socket of the simulated human body joint to carry out a friction wear test. The crank group mechanism not only can accurately control the swing amplitude and frequency of the reciprocating swing mechanism, but also can adapt to various complex working environments and meet the operation requirements under different application scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of joint friction test devices, and in particular relates to a biological friction and wear tester capable of realizing multi-friction motion. Background Art

[0002] Diseases caused by friction and wear of joints, joint diseases have become an increasingly common problem and have attracted widespread attention in the medical community. Artificial joint replacement surgery has become the main means of treating joint diseases. However, in the daily life of patients, friction and wear of artificial joints are unavoidable, which will lead to the generation of tiny wear debris. These wear debris may stimulate inflammatory responses, induce new lesions, and even accelerate joint wear, which will seriously affect the long-term performance of artificial joints and the quality of life of patients. To prevent these problems, researchers and doctors must strictly evaluate the wear resistance of artificial joints before they are widely used. This process is usually completed through specialized friction and wear testing machines, which can simulate the mechanical conditions that joints are subjected to when they move in the body to test the durability of the materials and designs of artificial joints. At present, the replacement technology of hip and knee joints is quite mature, and the corresponding friction and wear testing machines have also been widely developed and used. These testing machines ensure that only materials that have been rigorously tested and meet the requirements of wear resistance can be used clinically. Compared with hip and knee joints, replacement surgery for other joints such as shoulder joints, elbow joints or finger joints started late, and the relevant friction and wear testing machines are relatively few. Since the wear debris generated by artificial joint materials during their activities in the body may lead to serious consequences such as osteolysis, evaluating the friction and wear properties of these materials is crucial for selecting suitable replacement materials. Through friction and wear testing, researchers can better understand the wear mechanism of artificial joints under different conditions, so as to design more durable and adaptable artificial joints. This can not only improve the success rate of surgery and reduce the pain of patients after surgery, but also extend the service life of artificial joints, which is of great significance for improving medical standards and quality of life. In addition, with the development of science and technology, new artificial joint materials and design concepts continue to emerge, such as nanomaterials and biomedical materials. The introduction of these new materials and design concepts makes the wear resistance evaluation of artificial joints more complicated. Therefore, researchers and doctors need to continuously update and improve friction and wear testing machines to meet the evaluation needs of new artificial joints. The prevalence of joint diseases and the widespread application of artificial joint replacement surgery have made the wear resistance evaluation of artificial joints an important research field. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biological friction and wear testing machine that can realize multiple friction movements, thereby solving the problem that the existing biological friction and wear testing machines can perform fewer types of friction and wear tests and have low efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion, comprising a frame, an overhead platform is arranged above the frame, a crank group mechanism is arranged on the platform, the crank group mechanism comprises a flexible trapezoidal crank located at the center of the platform, the input shaft of the flexible trapezoidal crank is a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to a vertical transmission hinge mechanism through a coupling to receive the rotational torque of a motor, and the vertical transmission hinge mechanism is used to convert the transmission direction of power;

[0005] The flexible trapezoidal crank is connected to four rigid elliptical cranks through a connecting rod; a vertical output shaft is also provided on the rigid elliptical crank, and the output shaft extends downward and is respectively connected to a reciprocating swing mechanism and a ball head and socket simulating a human joint for friction and wear testing.

[0006] The crank group drive mechanism is a new type of planar connecting rod mechanism that uses crank connecting rods to achieve synchronous rotation between multiple parallel axes. The crank group drive mechanism is a planar connecting rod mechanism with virtual constraints composed of multiple cranks and a connecting rod truss. Its mechanism includes cranks, connecting rods, etc. When the mechanism is working, the transmission shaft transmits motion and power to all output shafts through the connecting rod frame. The direction and speed of the transmission shaft and each working shaft are the same. Therefore, any two cranks in the entire mechanism together with the connecting rod frame can be simplified into a parallelogram double crank mechanism. The master and slave cranks rotate at the same speed, and the connecting rod truss moves horizontally. This type of mechanism is not like traditional gear transmission, belt transmission, and chain transmission, which completes all movements and functions through transmission pairs one by one. It is a new type of mechanism that mainly uses connecting rod brackets to drive multiple cranks to achieve synchronous rotation between multiple parallel axes. It is also evolved from the parallelogram double crank mechanism.

[0007] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0008] The connection between the flexible trapezoidal crank and the four rigid elliptical cranks is compressed by a fixing ring, and a bearing is installed in the inner hole of the fixing ring; when the flexible trapezoidal crank rotates, the bearing is installed in the fixing ring, which drives the connecting rod fastened to the crank by the fixing ring to swing, thereby driving the four rigid elliptical cranks to rotate, and then driving the output shafts connected to each rigid elliptical crank to rotate.

[0009] The output shaft includes a first working shaft, a second working shaft, a third working shaft, and a fourth working shaft;

[0010] The first working shaft has a certain angle; the second working shaft is a vertical shaft, and the middle part of the shaft is connected by a coupling;

[0011] The third working shaft and the fourth working shaft are both connected to a reciprocating swing mechanism through a coupling, and the lower end of the reciprocating swing mechanism is connected to a universal joint; the reciprocating swing mechanisms connected to the third working shaft and the fourth working shaft are at different positions, and the swing directions formed are also different;

[0012] The ends of the first working axis, the second working axis, the third working axis and the fourth working axis are connected to the ball sockets through screws and flanges. A ball head is connected to the fixed column on the lifting platform through screws. The positions of the ball sockets and the ball head correspond to those of the ball head, and they are connected in a spherical contact manner that simulates a human joint. The ball sockets and the ball head constitute a bionic joint tissue, and each working axis can drive the ball sockets to perform friction and wear tests along the loop of the ball head.

[0013] A solution pool is also provided on the lifting platform, and the solution pool can fully cover the ball socket and the ball head; the height of the solution pool is lower than each flange connected with the working shaft.

[0014] The vertical transmission hinge mechanism includes a fixed bracket, which connects the horizontal output shaft of the motor with the vertical transmission shaft of the crank group mechanism. The motor output shaft and the transmission shaft are also connected by a Z-shaped hinge and a movable connecting rod. One end of the movable connecting rod connected to the motor output shaft or the transmission shaft is hinged, so as to realize power transmission on the vertical axis and realize motion conversion between multiple planes, thereby completing precise displacement control in the vertical direction.

[0015] A lifting guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform, and the lifting guide rail is connected to the hydraulic rod. The lifting guide rail and the hydraulic rod work together to realize the smooth and safe up and down movement of the lifting platform.

[0016] The reciprocating swing mechanism includes a disc connected to the lower end of the third working shaft or the fourth working shaft, and the disc is located in a fixed frame; the lower end of the fixed frame is connected by a roller, and ear plates are nested and connected at positions of the rotating shaft close to both sides of the fixed frame, and the other ends of the two ear plates are connected by a sliding rod, and a sliding block is provided on the sliding rod, and the sliding block is connected to the disc through a connecting shaft, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the universal joint through a connecting rod shaft, thereby driving the ball socket and the ball head to realize reciprocating swing within the circular surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] First, the transmission part uses a vertical transmission hinge mechanism and a crank group mechanism to form a stable and efficient output and output four groups of working axes for friction and wear tests. The vertical transmission hinge mechanism can save space and make the transmission mechanism more compact, thereby freeing up more space for other components. The structure of this mechanism is relatively simple and the failure rate is high, while the vertical transmission hinge mechanism avoids these problems. Its simple design reduces the failure rate and simplifies the maintenance process. The vertical transmission hinge mechanism is cost-effective. Due to its simple structure and relatively low manufacturing cost, it provides strong support for the cost control of the entire mechanical system. This mechanism has a high transmission efficiency, and its design enables power to be effectively transmitted between hinges, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire transmission system. The vertical transmission hinge mechanism also has strong flexibility, such as angle changes, position movement, etc., which greatly enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment. The crank group mechanism is mainly composed of multiple cranks and connecting rods. The mutual cooperation of these components enables the rotary motion to be cleverly converted into multiple output working axes, thereby meeting the motion requirements of many mechanical devices. This conversion of motion mode not only enables the mechanical device to achieve more complex functions, but also makes the operation of the device more efficient and stable in practical applications. In addition, the crank group mechanism also has a unique function, which is to amplify the angular velocity of the rotational motion. This function enables the mechanical device to achieve a faster movement speed while maintaining a high efficiency. This transmission method has a simple structure, simple manufacturing and low cost. Its advantages include: 1. Simple structure: The crank drive mechanism is compactly designed and simple in construction. 2. High transmission efficiency: Due to the small friction during the transmission process, the transmission efficiency is high and the energy loss is small. 3. Wide range of applications: It is suitable for a variety of equipment and occasions and has a wide range of adaptability. 4. Easy to adjust: The drive speed and stroke can be changed by adjusting the position relationship between the crank and the slider to meet the needs of different working conditions. 5. Stable and reliable: It runs smoothly, has a low failure rate, and has high stability and durability.

[0019] Second, there are four groups of output working axes and different friction and wear tests can be performed. The top-mounted crank group mechanism can effectively output four working axes, greatly improving the efficiency of friction and wear tests, saving time and reducing costs; the friction and wear mode of each output working axis is different. At the same time, the bionic ball head can be replaced, which can enrich the types of friction and wear and increase the friction and wear styles of various bone joints. It is equipped with four independent working axes, which enables it to conduct multiple different friction and wear tests at the same time, and test multiple materials, components or systems at the same time, thereby greatly improving the experimental efficiency. Each output working axis adopts a different friction and wear mode, and the equipment can simulate and study various complex friction phenomena. This diversity is essential for understanding the material behavior, wear mechanism and its influence under different conditions. The design of the crank group mechanism helps to accurately control the movement of each working axis and ensure the consistency and repeatability of the test conditions, which not only improves the reliability of the experimental results, but also reduces the uncertainty caused by mechanical errors. By conducting multiple tests at the same time, the equipment significantly improves the overall research efficiency. In addition, reducing the time and resource consumption of a single test also helps to reduce experimental costs, making large-scale research projects more feasible. Being able to conduct friction and wear tests in different ways means that the equipment can simulate a wider range of practical application environments, from industrial machinery to biological tissues, covering the needs of multiple fields. Simulating the friction process of joints or other biological tissues to study the long-term performance and biocompatibility of artificial joint implants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the testing machine of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the crank group mechanism of the testing machine of the present invention from a top view;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation solution pool of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 The structural diagram of A in the figure;

[0025] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the universal joint of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. foot, 2. support rod, 3. ball head, 4. ball socket, 5. first working axis, 6. second working axis, 7. coupling, 8. vertical transmission hinge mechanism, 81. fixed bracket, 82. Z-shaped hinge, 83. movable connecting rod, 9. crank group mechanism, 91. rigid elliptical crank, 92. working axis, 93. connecting rod, 94. bearing, 95. fixing ring, 96. transmission shaft, 97. flexible trapezoidal crank, 10. motor, 11. third working axis, 12. fourth working axis, 13. reciprocating swing mechanism, 131. fixed frame, 132. disc, 133. slider, 134. slide rod, 135. rotating axis, 136. ear plate, 14. universal joint, 15. lifting platform, 16. lifting guide rail, 17. hydraulic rod, 18. solution tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion comprises a frame, an overhead platform is arranged above the frame, a crank group mechanism 9 is arranged on the platform, the crank group mechanism 9 comprises a flexible trapezoidal crank 97 located at the center of the platform, the input shaft of the flexible trapezoidal crank 97 is a transmission shaft 96, the transmission shaft 96 is connected to a vertical transmission hinge mechanism 8 through a coupling to receive the rotation torque of a motor 10, and the vertical transmission hinge mechanism 8 is used to convert the transmission direction of power;

[0031] The main task of the transmission shaft 96 is to receive the rotational torque of the motor 10 and transmit it to other parts of the mechanism. The design of the transmission shaft 96 requires high torsional rigidity and good concentricity to ensure stable and accurate power transmission at high speeds. The mechanism is equipped with four output shafts as working shafts, which are connected to the crank, and the movement of the crank will drive the four working shafts to rotate accordingly.

[0032] The rack of the present invention includes support rods 2 arranged at four corners, and the main functions of the support rods 2 include providing stability, bearing and distributing loads, adjusting structural positions, fixing and installing equipment, optimizing performance, and protecting structures, etc. The bottom of the rack is provided with feet 1, which are used to support and balance the entire device.

[0033] The flexible trapezoidal crank 97 is connected to the four rigid elliptical cranks 91 through a connecting rod 93; the rigid elliptical crank 91 is also provided with a vertical output shaft 92, which extends downward and is respectively connected to the ball head and ball socket of the human joint to perform friction and wear tests.

[0034] The connection between the flexible trapezoidal crank 97 and the four rigid elliptical cranks 91 is compressed by the fixing ring 95 with the four connecting rods 93, and the bearing 94 is installed in the inner hole of the fixing ring 95; when the flexible trapezoidal crank 97 rotates, since the bearing 94 is installed in the fixing ring 95, it will drive the connecting rod 93 fastened to the crank by the fixing ring 95 to swing, thereby driving the four rigid elliptical cranks 91 to rotate, and then driving the output shafts connected to each rigid elliptical crank 91 to rotate.

[0035] The output shaft 92 includes a first working shaft 5, a second working shaft 6, a third working shaft 11, and a fourth working shaft 12;

[0036] The first working shaft 5 has a certain angle; the second working shaft 6 is a vertical shaft, and the middle part of the shaft is connected by a coupling 7. The coupling helps to improve the stability and reliability of the entire transmission system. The rotational movement of the shaft further realizes the surface friction and wear test of the ball head and the ball socket.

[0037] The third working shaft 11 and the fourth working shaft 12 are both connected to the reciprocating swing mechanism 13 through a coupling, and the lower end of the reciprocating swing mechanism 13 is connected to a universal joint 14; the reciprocating swing mechanisms connected to the third working shaft 11 and the fourth working shaft 12 are at different positions, and the swing directions formed are also different;

[0038] The ends of the first working axis 5, the second working axis 6, the third working axis 11, and the fourth working axis 12 are all connected to the ball socket 4 through screws and flanges. The ball head 3 is connected to the fixing column through screws on the lifting platform. The ball socket 4 corresponds to the ball head 3 in position and is connected in a spherical contact manner that simulates a human joint. The ball socket 4 and the ball head 3 constitute a bionic joint tissue, and each working axis can drive the ball socket 4 to perform a friction and wear test along the loop of the ball head 3. This friction and wear method increases the types of friction and wear and also expands the area of ​​friction and wear, which is beneficial to simulating the friction and wear conditions of human joints.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Based on Example 1,

[0041] like Figure 3-5As shown, a solution pool 18 is also provided on the lifting platform 15, and the solution pool 18 can fully cover the ball socket 4 and the ball head 3; the height of the solution pool 18 is lower than the flanges connected to the working shaft. The solution pool 18 is a fixed device installed on the lifting platform, and is mainly used to store the solution required for the friction and wear test. The height of the solution pool is lower than the flanges connected to the working shaft, which ensures that the solution flows smoothly during the test and fully covers the ball head and the ball socket. As key components of the friction and wear test, these two components are completely immersed in the solution to facilitate the test. Such a design can accurately simulate and evaluate the friction and wear performance of the ball head and the ball socket under real working conditions.

[0042] The vertical transmission hinge mechanism 8 includes a fixed bracket 81, which connects the output shaft of the motor in the horizontal direction with the transmission shaft 96 in the vertical direction of the crank group mechanism. The motor output shaft and the transmission shaft 96 are also connected by a Z-shaped hinge 82 and a movable connecting rod 83. One end of the movable connecting rod 83 connected to the motor output shaft or the transmission shaft 96 is hinged to realize the transmission of power on the vertical axis and the motion conversion between multiple planes, thereby completing the precise displacement control in the vertical direction. The vertical transmission hinge mechanism is specially designed to efficiently transmit power on the vertical axis and realize the motion conversion between multiple planes, thereby completing the precise displacement control in the vertical direction. The power input source adopts a motor, which is linked with the vertical transmission hinge device, and transmits huge power to the inside of the crank group mechanism by means of the transmission shaft, thereby prompting the rigid elliptical crank driven by the connecting rod to perform a variety of compound motion tasks. The vertical transmission hinge mechanism 8 in the present invention has the main function of performing the motion conversion and force transmission function in the vertical direction. The mechanism 8 is connected to the motor 10 in the horizontal direction through a coupling, and is connected to the transmission shaft 96 in the vertical direction through a coupling. The motor 10, as the initial power source, converts the horizontal rotation power generated by it into vertical rotation power output through the vertical transmission hinge mechanism 8. Thereafter, the vertical rotation power is further converted through the crank group mechanism 9, and finally output as four vertically rotating working shafts.

[0043] A lifting guide rail 16 is provided at the bottom of the lifting platform 15, and the lifting guide rail 16 is connected to a hydraulic rod 17. The lifting guide rail 16 and the hydraulic rod 17 work together to realize a stable and safe up and down movement of the lifting platform.

[0044] like Figure 5-6As shown, the reciprocating swing mechanism 13 can realize reciprocating swing on a circular surface, including a disc 132 connected to the lower end of the third working shaft 11 or the fourth working shaft 12, and the disc 132 is located in a fixed frame 131; the lower end of the fixed frame 131 is connected through a roller 135, and the rotating shaft 135 is nested and connected with ear plates 136 at the positions close to both sides of the fixed frame 131, and the other ends of the two ear plates 136 are connected through a slide rod 134, and a slider 133 is provided on the slide rod 134. The slider 133 is connected to the disc 132 through a connecting shaft, and the slider 133 moves in the horizontal direction along the slide rod 134 as the disc 132 rotates, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 135 is connected to the universal joint 14 through a connecting rod shaft, thereby driving the ball socket 4 and the ball head 3 to realize reciprocating swinging motion in the circular surface; in this mechanism, the fixed frame 131 provides a stable supporting foundation. The two working shafts are connected to a reciprocating swing mechanism to convert the rotary motion into a swing motion consisting of a slider and a slide rod. The slide rod drives the rotary shaft to rotate, and the rotary shaft is connected to a universal joint to realize reciprocating swing on a circular surface.

[0045] The two working shafts in the present invention are connected to the reciprocating swing mechanism, and its function is to convert the rotational motion of the working shaft into a swinging motion realized by the slider and the slide rod. This conversion enables the universal joint at the end of the slide rod to effectively swing back and forth on the circular surface, thereby realizing the efficient reciprocating swinging motion of the reciprocating swing mechanism within the circular surface. Through such a structural design, the reciprocating swing mechanism can not only accurately control the swing amplitude and frequency, but also adapt to various complex working environments and meet the operation requirements in different application scenarios.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The testing machine of the present invention is composed of a crank group mechanism and can realize multiple friction movements. The main components of the testing machine include a crank group mechanism, a motor, a vertical transmission hinge mechanism, a support rod, a reciprocating swing mechanism, a ball head, a ball socket, a solution pool and a lifting platform. The crank group mechanism is composed of cranks, which can simulate the complex movement of biological joints and realize multiple friction movements to meet the needs of different friction and wear tests. The motor transmits power to the vertical transmission hinge mechanism through the connection with the crank group mechanism, thereby driving the operation of the entire testing machine. The function of the vertical transmission hinge mechanism is to convert the transmission direction of power so that it can effectively transmit power in space. The support rod is used to support the entire testing machine to ensure its stability and safety. The reciprocating swing mechanism can realize the reciprocating motion of the testing machine to simulate the friction and wear conditions in the actual working environment. The ball head and the ball socket are key components of the testing machine, and the friction movement between them can simulate the actual working conditions of the biological joints. The solution pool is used to store friction and wear solutions to simulate different test environments. The lifting platform can realize the lifting and lowering of the working table of the testing machine so as to carry out friction and wear tests at different heights. Friction and wear tests are carried out by connecting four sets of human-like ball head and socket materials through a crank group mechanism to form different friction modes, so as to improve the efficiency of friction and wear tests and increase the types of friction and wear tests.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, an overhead platform is arranged above the frame, a crank group mechanism (9) is arranged on the platform, the crank group mechanism (9) comprises a flexible trapezoidal crank (97) located at the center of the platform, the input shaft of the flexible trapezoidal crank (97) is a transmission shaft (96), the transmission shaft (96) is connected to a vertical transmission hinge mechanism (8) through a coupling to receive the rotation torque of a motor (10), and the vertical transmission hinge mechanism (8) is used to convert the transmission direction of power; The flexible trapezoidal crank (97) is connected to four rigid elliptical cranks (91) via connecting rods (93); the rigid elliptical cranks (91) are also provided with vertical output shafts (92), and the output shafts (92) extend downwards and are respectively connected to ball heads and sockets of human-like joints to perform friction and wear tests.

2. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the flexible trapezoidal crank (97) and the four rigid elliptical cranks (91) is compressed by a fixing ring (95), and a bearing (94) is installed in the inner hole of the fixing ring (95); when the flexible trapezoidal crank (97) performs rotational motion, since the bearing (94) is installed in the fixing ring (95), the connecting rod (93) fastened to the crank by the fixing ring (95) is driven to swing, thereby driving the four rigid elliptical cranks (91) to perform rotational motion, and further driving the output shaft connected to each rigid elliptical crank (91) to perform rotational motion.

3. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft (92) comprises a first working shaft (5), a second working shaft (6), a third working shaft (11), and a fourth working shaft (12); The first working shaft (5) has a certain angle; the second working shaft (6) is a vertical shaft, and the middle part of the shaft is connected by a coupling (7); The third working shaft (11) and the fourth working shaft (12) are both connected to a reciprocating swing mechanism (13) via a coupling, and the lower end of the reciprocating swing mechanism (13) is connected to a universal joint (14); the reciprocating swing mechanisms connected to the third working shaft (11) and the fourth working shaft (12) are at different positions, and the swing directions formed are also different; The ends of the first working axis (5), the second working axis (6), the third working axis (11), and the fourth working axis (12) are connected to the ball socket (4) via screws and flanges; a ball head (3) is connected to a fixing column via screws on the lifting platform; the ball socket (4) and the ball head (3) correspond in position to each other and are connected in a spherical contact manner imitating a human joint; the ball socket (4) and the ball head (3) form a bionic joint tissue; and each working axis can drive the ball socket (4) to perform a friction and wear test along the loop of the ball head (3).

4. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting platform is also provided with a solution pool (18), and the solution pool (18) can fully cover the ball socket (4) and the ball head (3); the height of the solution pool (18) is lower than each flange connected to the working shaft.

5. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical transmission hinge mechanism (8) comprises a fixed bracket (81), wherein the fixed bracket (81) connects the output shaft of the motor in the horizontal direction with the transmission shaft (96) of the crank group mechanism in the vertical direction, and the motor output shaft and the transmission shaft (96) are also connected via a Z-shaped hinge (82) and a movable connecting rod (83), wherein one end of the movable connecting rod (83) connected to the motor output shaft or the transmission shaft (96) is hinged, so as to realize power transmission on the vertical axis and realize motion conversion between multiple planes, thereby completing precise displacement control in the vertical direction.

6. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 3, characterized in that: A lifting guide rail (16) is arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform, and the lifting guide rail (16) is connected to a hydraulic rod (17). The lifting guide rail (16) and the hydraulic rod (17) work together to achieve a smooth and safe up and down movement of the lifting platform.

7. The biological friction and wear testing machine capable of realizing multi-friction motion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reciprocating swing mechanism (13) comprises a disk (132) connected to the lower end of the third working shaft (11) or the fourth working shaft (12), and the disk (132) is located in a fixed frame (131); the lower end of the fixed frame (131) is connected via a roller (135), and ear plates (136) are nested and connected at positions close to both sides of the rotating shaft (135) and the other ends of the two ear plates (136) are connected via a sliding rod (134), and a slider (133) is provided on the slider (134), and the slider (133) is connected to the disk via a connecting shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft (135) is connected to the universal joint (14) through a connecting rod shaft. This drives the ball socket (4) and the ball head (3) to achieve reciprocating swinging motion within a circular surface.

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