In-situ reservoir enrichment simulation experimental device and measurement method for unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs

Abstract

The present invention relates to an in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device and a measurement method for unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, belonging to the field of applied geophysical technology; the experimental device comprises a reactor, an upper cover, a liquid-filled wellbore, an evacuator, a pressure pump, a water injection assembly, a gas injection assembly and a metering assembly; a reaction chamber is defined inside the reactor, and an electrical resistivity tomography electrode is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber; the upper cover is arranged at the top opening of the reaction chamber; the liquid-filled wellbore passes through the upper cover and is arranged in the reaction chamber; a well logging instrument is placed in the liquid-filled wellbore; the evacuator is used to extract air in the reaction chamber; the pressure pump is used to increase the axial pressure in the reaction chamber; the water injection assembly is used to inject equivalent formation water of the formation in the study area into the reaction chamber; the gas injection assembly is used to inject gas into the reaction chamber; and the metering assembly is used to measure the gas content of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber. The experimental device provided by the present invention can be used for the enrichment and accumulation of natural gas or natural gas hydrate reservoirs and the study of the response law of acoustic and electrical logging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of applied geophysics, and in particular relates to an in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device for an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-shallow natural gas or natural gas hydrate reservoirs pose great challenges to their exploration and development due to their unique geological characteristics, such as loose structure, loose mineral particles, and rocks that are mostly in an undiagenetic and unconsolidated state. This geological condition not only makes coring operations extremely difficult, but also restricts the accurate calculation of fluid saturation and reserve assessment based on experimental rock physics. In addition, unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs also show extremely high porosity and permeability characteristics. Especially when natural gas or natural gas hydrates are associated with free gas, it will cause severe attenuation of the acoustic logging waveform, making it extremely difficult to extract the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of the formation, which seriously restricts the stratigraphic calibration of the seismic recording profile and the subsequent geological structure interpretation.

[0003] Therefore, designing an in-situ diagenetic reservoir formation and enrichment simulation experimental device and a supporting experimental measurement method is of great significance for studying the formation and enrichment laws and logging response laws of ultra-shallow gas reservoirs and hydrate-containing sediments in the sea, core calibration logging, and seismic profile layer calibration. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings existing in the related technologies, the present invention provides an in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device and measurement method for unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, which can simulate the accumulation and enrichment of natural gas or natural gas hydrate in unconsolidated diagenesis and the logging response law in nature, and can be used to calibrate the rock electrical parameters of the fluid saturation model, so as to provide technical support for the exploration and development of unconsolidated diagenetic natural gas or natural gas hydrate reservoirs.

[0005] The present invention provides an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device, comprising:

[0006] A reactor, wherein a reaction chamber with a top opening is defined inside the reactor, and the reaction chamber is used to place a simulated formation; an electrical resistivity tomography electrode is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the electrical resistivity tomography electrode is used to monitor the saturation degree of the simulated formation water;

[0007] The upper cover is arranged at the top opening of the reaction chamber in an openable and closable manner; a receiving chamber is defined inside the upper cover, and the receiving chamber and the reaction chamber are separated from each other; the bottom wall of the receiving chamber can move along the axial direction of the reactor, and the bottom wall of the receiving chamber is in contact with the simulated stratum;

[0008] A pressure pump, used to inject water into the accommodation cavity to increase the axial pressure exerted by the upper cover on the simulated formation;

[0009] A liquid-filled wellbore is provided in the reaction chamber through the upper cover; a well logging instrument is placed in the liquid-filled wellbore, and the well logging instrument is used to measure the resistivity of the simulated formation and the waveform of the wellbore array, and then the measured data is processed to obtain the resistivity and the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of different simulated formation depths;

[0010] An evacuator, used to extract the air in the reaction chamber;

[0011] A water injection assembly, used to inject equivalent formation water of the formation in the study area into the reaction chamber;

[0012] A gas injection component, used for injecting gas into the reaction chamber;

[0013] The metering component is used to measure the gas saturation of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber.

[0014] The technical solution provides an experimental site by defining a reaction chamber in a reactor; by arranging a containing chamber on the upper cover, the bottom wall of the containing chamber can move along the axial direction of the reactor, and the bottom wall of the containing chamber is in contact with the simulated formation, so that the upper cover applies axial pressure to the simulated formation; by injecting water into the containing chamber by a pressure pump, the axial pressure of the upper cover on the simulated formation is increased; by arranging a water injection component to inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber, the water content of the simulated formation is equivalent to that of the formation in the study area; by arranging a gas injection component, the gas injection component is enabled to inject gas into the reaction chamber, so that the gas displaces the equivalent formation water in the simulated formation, so that the condition of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber is equivalent to that of the formation in the study area.

[0015] In some of the embodiments, the water injection assembly includes a liquid storage tank and a water pump. The liquid storage tank is used to store equivalent formation water and is connected to the reaction chamber. The water pump is used to inject the equivalent formation water in the liquid storage tank into the reaction chamber.

[0016] In some of the embodiments, the water injection assembly also includes a water injection piston, which is used to inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber; the upper cover is provided with a connecting port, which is arranged through the upper cover along the axial direction of the reactor, and the connecting port can not only allow the water injection piston to communicate with the reaction chamber, but also can be used to observe the reaction chamber.

[0017] In some of the embodiments, the gas injection assembly includes a first gas tank, an air compressor and a booster pump. The first gas tank is connected to the reaction chamber. The air compressor is used to fill air into the first gas tank. The air compressor, the booster pump and the first gas tank are arranged in sequence along the air flow path. The booster pump is used to increase the air pressure entering the first gas tank.

[0018] In some of the embodiments, the metering component includes a gas-liquid separator and an electronic balance. The gas-liquid separator is connected to the reaction chamber and the electronic balance, respectively. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the equivalent formation water displaced in the reaction chamber, and the gas-liquid separator injects the separated liquid into the electronic balance. The gas-liquid separator is connected to a second gas storage tank, and the second gas storage tank is used to store the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator.

[0019] In some of the embodiments, a data acquisition and control system is also included, which is connected to the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument respectively, and is used to control the operation of the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument and to collect measurement information of the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument.

[0020] In addition, the present invention also provides an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method, using the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device to measure the formation and enrichment process of natural gas or natural gas hydrate and the logging response, the measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Prepare simulated formations of the study area and equivalent formation water of the study area;

[0022] Fill the simulated stratum into the reaction chamber and close the upper cover; use an evacuator to extract the air in the reaction chamber to make the reaction chamber in a vacuum state;

[0023] Inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber, use the resistivity tomography electrode to monitor the saturation of the simulated formation water in real time, and stop injecting the equivalent formation water after the simulated formation water is saturated;

[0024] The pressure pump injects water into the accommodation chamber so that the upper cover applies the required axial pressure to the simulated formation;

[0025] Inject gas into the reaction chamber to displace equivalent formation water, and calculate the gas content in the reaction chamber through the metering component;

[0026] The logging instrument is placed in a fluid-filled wellbore, lowered to the inside of the simulated formation, and lifted or lowered along the fluid-filled wellbore to measure the array resistivity and wellbore array waveform at different simulated formation depths. The measured data are then processed to obtain the resistivity and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities at different simulated formation depths.

[0027] The above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs makes the simulated formation close to the actual formation conditions by injecting equivalent formation water into the simulated formation, applying axial pressure, injecting gas to displace formation water, etc., so that the measurement results of the simulated formation are equivalent to the measurement results of the actual formation. This not only simplifies the measurement method of the actual formation, but also has high measurement accuracy, providing experimental data support for the exploration and development of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs. This method can be applied to the research on the enrichment laws of shallow natural gas reservoirs and acoustic and electrical logging methods, as well as the research on the logging response laws of the generation / decomposition of natural gas hydrates.

[0028] In some of the embodiments, during the process of injecting gas into the reaction chamber, the logging instrument is cyclically measuring the resistivity and P- and S-wave velocities of the simulated formation until the gas saturation in the reaction chamber reaches a target value.

[0029] In some of the embodiments, when gas is injected into the reaction chamber, a resistivity tomography electrode is used to monitor in real time the migration of gas in the simulated formation or the generation or decomposition of natural gas hydrate.

[0030] In some of the embodiments, after the simulated formation is subjected to the desired axial pressure, the ambient temperature around the reactor is adjusted so that the temperature of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber corresponds to the formation temperature in the study area.

[0031] Based on the above technical scheme, the in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device for unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs in the embodiment of the present invention can accurately simulate the in-situ and logging environment of the formation by adding water, injecting gas and pressurizing the simulated formation, so that the simulated formation is highly similar to the actual formation in terms of environmental factors. This not only ensures the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results, but also helps to deeply understand the enrichment and accumulation laws of ultra-shallow natural gas and natural gas hydrates in the sea, and is helpful to study the in-situ logging response laws of ultra-shallow gas-bearing reservoirs and hydrate-containing sediments in the sea, saturation logging interpretation and evaluation, and seismic recording layer velocity calibration.

[0032] The in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs in the embodiment of the present invention makes the simulated formation close to the actual formation conditions by injecting equivalent formation water into the simulated formation, applying axial pressure, injecting gas to displace formation water, and other operations, and uses the measurement results of the simulated formation to be equivalent to the measurement results of the actual formation. The measurement accuracy is high and can be used for the study of natural gas reservoir enrichment laws and acoustic and electrical logging methods, as well as the study of the formation / decomposition logging response laws of natural gas hydrates, providing technical support for the exploration and development of unconsolidated diagenetic natural gas or natural gas hydrate reservoirs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor in an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a water injection component and a gas injection component in an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the resistivity imaging electrodes surrounding the peripheral wall of the reaction chamber in the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 It is the experimental measurement result of array lateral resistivity in the in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 It is the full-wave waveform experimental measurement result of array acoustic logging in the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 1. Reactor; 2. Water and gas injection system; 3. Metering components; 4. Data acquisition and control system; 11. Upper cover; 12. Liquid-filled wellbore; 13. Well logging instrument; 14. Resistivity tomography electrode; 15. Borehole wall pressure and temperature test sensor; 16. Water injection piston; 17. Pressure pump; 18. Pressure stop valve; 19. Vacuum pump; 110. Liquid storage container; 111. Formation temperature monitoring sensor; 112. Fasteners;

[0042] 101, reaction chamber; 1100, receiving chamber; 1101, cover body; 1102, moving plate;

[0043] 21. Air compressor; 22. Booster pump; 23. First air storage tank; 24. Water pump; 25. First water storage tank; 26. Second water storage tank; 27. Preheating container; 28. Flow meter; 29. ​​Thermometer;

[0044] 201, first pipeline; 202, second pipeline; 203, third pipeline; 204, fourth pipeline; 205, fifth pipeline; 206, sixth pipeline;

[0045] 2011, first stop valve; 2021, second stop valve; 2041, third stop valve; 2051, fourth stop valve; 2061, fourth control valve;

[0046] 231, third control valve; 251, first one-way valve; 252, first control valve; 261, second one-way valve; 262, second control valve; 271, fifth stop valve;

[0047] 31. Gas-liquid separator; 32. Electronic balance; 33. Second gas storage tank; 34. Fifth control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in an illustrative embodiment of the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device of the present invention, the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device is used to study the accumulation and enrichment of submarine ultra-shallow gas-bearing reservoirs and hydrate-bearing sediments and the in-situ logging response law, support fluid saturation logging interpretation evaluation and seismic record layer velocity calibration, etc. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device includes a reactor 1, an upper cover 11, a pressure pump 17, a liquid-filled wellbore 12, an evacuator 19, a water and gas injection system 2 and a metering component 3.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the reactor 1 defines a reaction chamber 101 with a top opening, and the reaction chamber 101 is used to place a simulated formation; an electrical resistivity tomography electrode 14 is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 101, and the electrical resistivity tomography electrode 14 is used to monitor the water saturation of the simulated formation.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the resistivity tomography electrodes 14 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of resistivity tomography electrodes 14 are distributed along the circumference of the reactor 1 to ensure the measurement effect of the simulated formation.

[0055] In some embodiments, the resistivity tomography electrode 14 is disposed through the wall of the reaction chamber 101 to increase the measurement accuracy of the resistivity tomography electrode 14 and facilitate the connection of the resistivity tomography electrode 14 to the circuit.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the reactor 1 is connected with a formation temperature monitoring sensor 111 and a well wall pressure and temperature test sensor 15. The formation temperature monitoring sensor 111 passes through the inner wall of the reaction chamber 101 and is arranged in the simulated formation to monitor the temperature of the simulated formation; the well wall pressure and temperature test sensor 15 is arranged on the wall of the reaction chamber 101 to monitor the temperature and pressure of the inner wall of the reaction chamber 101. The formation temperature monitoring sensor 111 and the well wall pressure and temperature test sensor 15 cooperate with each other to increase the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0057] In some embodiments, the well wall pressure and temperature test sensors 15 are set to be multiple, and the multiple well wall pressure and temperature test sensors 15 are distributed in layers on the peripheral wall of the reaction chamber 101 along the axial direction of the reactor 1 to increase the measurement effect of the well wall pressure and temperature test sensors 15.

[0058] It should be noted that the well wall pressure and temperature test sensor 15 may not refer to only one sensor, but may be two sensors, one for detecting pressure and the other for detecting temperature. This is common knowledge in the art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper cover 11 is arranged at the top opening of the reaction chamber 101 in an openable and closable manner; a accommodating chamber 1100 is defined inside the upper cover 11, and the bottom wall of the accommodating chamber 1100 is located in the reaction chamber 101 and can move axially along the reactor 1, and the bottom wall of the accommodating chamber 1100 is in contact with the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101; the accommodating chamber 1100 is used to contain liquid to increase the axial pressure applied by the upper cover 11 to the simulated formation.

[0060] Specifically, the upper cover 11 includes a cover body 1101 and a movable plate 1102, the cover body 1101 is connected to the top of the reactor 1 by a fastener 112; the movable plate 1102 is located on the side of the cover body 1101 facing the reaction chamber 101, the movable plate 1102 and the cover body 1101 together define a accommodating chamber 1100, and the movable plate 1102 is used to form the bottom wall of the accommodating chamber 1100; the movable plate 1102 is located in the reaction chamber 101 and can move axially along the reactor 1 in the reaction chamber 101, so that the movable plate 1102 contacts the simulated formation.

[0061] It should be noted that the movable plate 1102 moves along the axial direction of the reactor 1, which can also increase the capacity of the accommodating chamber 1100, thereby increasing the water injection amount in the accommodating chamber 1100, and further increasing the axial pressure applied by the upper cover 11 to the simulated formation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the cover 1101 is seamlessly connected to the reaction vessel 1 so that the cover 1101 seals the reaction chamber 101 .

[0063] In some embodiments, the fastener 112 is a bolt, a screw or the like.

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pressure pump 17 is used to inject water into the accommodating chamber 1100 to increase the axial pressure applied by the upper cover 11 to the simulated formation; the pressure pump 17 is connected to the accommodating chamber 1100 through a pipeline.

[0065] In some embodiments, a pressure-stop valve 18 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the pressure pump 17 and the accommodating chamber 1100 to prevent the pressure in the connecting pipeline between the pressure pump 17 and the accommodating chamber 1100 from exceeding a set value, thereby ensuring the safety of the pressure pump 17, the upper cover 11, and the connecting pipeline between the pressure pump 17 and the accommodating chamber 1100.

[0066] In the above unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device, the liquid-filled wellbore 12 passes through the upper cover 11 and is arranged in the reaction chamber 101; the logging instrument 13 can be placed in the liquid-filled wellbore 12 to measure the simulated formation. The logging instrument 13 is used to measure the array lateral resistivity and the quadrupole array longitudinal and transverse wave waveforms of the simulated formation, and the resistivity and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities are obtained by processing the measured data.

[0067] In some embodiments, the liquid-filled wellbore 12 is a sand-proof liquid-filled wellbore 12, and the liquid-filled wellbore 12 is made of a carbon fiber tube. The carbon fiber tube has acoustic and electrical conductivity properties, which can reduce the blocking effect of the liquid-filled wellbore 12 on the logging instrument 13, thereby avoiding large errors in the measurement results caused by lowering the logging instrument 13 in the liquid-filled wellbore 12.

[0068] In other embodiments, the liquid-filled wellbore 12 is located on the axis of the reactor 1 so that the logging instrument 13 has a better measurement effect on the simulated formation.

[0069] The logging instrument 13 includes a specially made scaled-down array monopole and quadrupole acoustic logging instrument 13 and an array lateral resistivity logging instrument 13, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] In the above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device, the vacuum device 19 is used to extract the air in the reaction chamber 101; the vacuum device 19 is connected to the reaction chamber 101 through a pipeline to extract the air in the reaction chamber 101, so that the reaction chamber 101 is in a vacuum state.

[0071] In some embodiments, a liquid storage container 110 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the evacuator 19 and the reaction chamber 101 . The liquid storage container 110 stores liquid to prevent the air outside the reaction chamber 101 from reversely entering the reaction chamber 101 from the evacuator 19 .

[0072] In some embodiments, the evacuator 19 extends into the reaction chamber 101 through the bottom of the reaction vessel 1 to extract the air in the reaction chamber 101 .

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the water and gas injection system 2 includes a water injection component, which is used to inject equivalent formation water of the formation in the study area into the reaction chamber 101; the water injection component includes a water storage tank and a water pump 24, the water storage tank is used to store equivalent formation water, and the water storage tank is connected to the reaction chamber 101; the water pump 24 is used to inject the equivalent formation water in the water storage tank into the reaction chamber 101.

[0074] It should be noted that the equivalent formation water is injected into the reaction chamber 101 at a constant pressure and a constant speed, so that the equivalent formation water is in uniform contact with the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101 .

[0075] Two water storage tanks are designed to allow for a larger storage volume of equivalent formation water, thereby ensuring that there is enough equivalent formation water available for injection into the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101. The two water storage tanks are connected in parallel to the water pump 24, and the two water storage tanks can inject water into the reaction chamber 101 simultaneously or separately.

[0076] Specifically, the water pump 24 is connected to the first pipeline 201, and the first pipeline 201 includes a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet. The first outlet is connected to one of the water storage tanks, the second outlet is connected to the other water storage tank, and the third outlet is provided with a first stop valve 2011. When the experiment is completed and there is no need to inject water into the reaction chamber 101, the first stop valve 2011 is opened to drain the equivalent formation water remaining in the first pipeline 201 to avoid adverse consequences caused by the equivalent formation water remaining in the first pipeline 201.

[0077] For the convenience of description, the water storage tank connected to the first outlet is called the first water storage tank 25, and the water storage tank connected to the second outlet is called the second water storage tank 26.

[0078] The inlet end of the first water storage tank 25 is connected to the first outlet through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first water storage tank 25 is connected to the second pipeline 202, the end of the second pipeline 202 away from the first water storage tank 25 is connected to the third pipeline 203, and the third pipeline 203 is connected to the reaction chamber 101, so that the equivalent formation water in the first water storage tank 25 flows into the third pipeline 203 through the second pipeline 202, and then flows into the reaction chamber 101 through the third pipeline 203.

[0079] In some embodiments, a first one-way valve 251 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the inlet end of the first water storage tank 25 and the first outlet to prevent the liquid in the first water storage tank 25 from flowing to the first outlet.

[0080] In other embodiments, the second pipeline 202 is provided with a first control valve 252 and a second stop valve 2021, and the first control valve 252 is used to control the on-off of the second pipeline 202 and the flow rate of the liquid in the second pipeline 202; when the experiment is over and there is no need to inject water into the reaction chamber 101, the second stop valve 2021 is opened to drain the equivalent formation water remaining in the second pipeline 202 to avoid adverse consequences caused by the equivalent formation water remaining in the second pipeline 202.

[0081] The inlet end of the second water storage tank 26 is connected to the second outlet through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the second water storage tank 26 is connected to the fourth pipeline 204. The end of the fourth pipeline 204 away from the second water storage tank 26 is also connected to the third pipeline 203, so that the equivalent formation water in the second water storage tank 26 flows into the third pipeline 203 through the third pipeline 203, and then flows into the reaction chamber 101 through the third pipeline 203.

[0082] In some embodiments, a second one-way valve 261 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the inlet end of the second water storage tank 26 and the second outlet to prevent the liquid in the second water storage tank 26 from flowing to the second outlet.

[0083] In other embodiments, the fourth pipeline 204 is provided with a second control valve 262 and a third stop valve 2041, and the second control valve 262 is used to control the on-off of the fourth pipeline 204 and the flow rate of the liquid in the fourth pipeline 204; when the experiment is over and there is no need to inject water into the reaction chamber 101, the third stop valve 2041 is opened to drain the equivalent formation water remaining in the fourth pipeline 204 to avoid adverse consequences caused by the equivalent formation water remaining in the fourth pipeline 204.

[0084] The water pump 24 injects water into the reaction chamber 101 at a slow speed, which will increase the experimental time and reduce the experimental efficiency. Therefore, in order to increase the injection efficiency of equivalent formation water, the water injection assembly also includes a water injection piston 16, which is used to inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber 101. The water injection piston 16 can inject water into the reaction chamber 101 at the same time as the water pump 24, or a certain amount of equivalent formation water can be injected into the reaction chamber 101 through the water injection piston 16 before the water pump 24 is used to inject water into the reaction chamber 101.

[0085] It should be noted that although the water pump 24 injects water into the reaction chamber 101 at a lower speed than the water injection piston 16, the water pump 24 is easier to control the water injection amount, and the water injection accuracy of the water pump 24 is higher and the water injection amount is easier to control.

[0086] The upper cover 11 is provided with a connecting port, which is arranged along the axial direction of the reactor 1 and passes through the cover body 1101 and the movable plate 1102. The water injection piston 16 is arranged at the connecting port so that the water injection piston 16 passes through the upper cover 11 and communicates with the reaction chamber 101, thereby facilitating the water injection piston 16 to inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber 101.

[0087] It should be noted that, since the communication port is connected to the reaction chamber 101 , the communication port can also be used as an observation port for observing the situation in the reaction chamber 101 .

[0088] When observing the situation inside the reaction chamber 101 through the connecting port, the water injection piston 16 needs to be removed to prevent the water injection piston 16 from blocking the connecting port; when the gas injection assembly injects gas into the reaction chamber 101, the water injection piston 16 needs to be arranged in the connecting port so that the water injection piston 16 blocks the connecting port to prevent the gas in the reaction chamber 101 from escaping from the reaction chamber 101 through the connecting port, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the water injection and gas injection system 2 includes a gas injection component, which is used to inject gas into the reaction chamber 101; the gas injection component includes a first gas tank 23, an air compressor 21 and a booster pump 22, the gas outlet end of the first gas tank 23 is connected to a fifth pipeline 205, and the end of the fifth pipeline 205 away from the first gas tank 23 is connected to the reaction chamber 101; the air compressor 21 is used to fill the first gas tank 23 with air, the air compressor 21, the booster pump 22 and the first gas tank 23 are arranged in sequence along the air flow path, and the booster pump is used to increase the air pressure entering the first gas tank 23.

[0090] In some embodiments, a fourth stop valve 2051 is provided on the fifth pipeline 205. When the experiment is completed and there is no need to inject gas into the reaction chamber 101, the fourth stop valve 2051 is opened to discharge the residual gas in the fifth pipeline 205 to prevent the gas from remaining in the fifth pipeline 205 and causing adverse consequences.

[0091] The fifth pipeline 205 is also provided with a third control valve 231 , and the third control valve 231 is used to control the on-off of the fifth pipeline 205 and the flow rate of the gas in the fifth pipeline 205 .

[0092] In some embodiments, the third control valve 231 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of third control valves 231 are sequentially provided along the flow path of the gas, and the plurality of third control valves 231 work independently of each other to increase the control effect on the gas in the fifth pipeline 205 .

[0093] A flow meter 28 is also provided on the fifth pipeline 205 . The flow meter 28 is located behind the third control valve 231 along the flow path of the gas. The flow meter 28 is used to record the flow rate of the gas injected into the reaction chamber 101 through the fifth pipeline 205 .

[0094] It should be noted that the gas injected into the reaction chamber 101 by the gas injection assembly can be an effective gas such as the formation in the study area, or it can be a conventional gas such as ordinary nitrogen. However, the characteristics of the conventional gas used are usually the same or similar to the gas in the formation in the study area. This is common knowledge and technology in the field and will not be elaborated here.

[0095] Taking into account that in actual applications the temperature of the strata in the study area and the temperature of the gas in the strata in the study area may be different from the temperature of the environment in which the experimental device is located, the temperature of the equivalent formation water in the water tank is different from the actual temperature of the strata in the study area, and the temperature of the gas in the first gas tank 23 is different from the temperature of the gas in the strata in the study area, which may cause large errors in the experimental results.

[0096] Based on this, in the present application, a preheating container 27 is provided so that the preheating container 27 is located in front of the reaction chamber 101 along the gas flow path and the equivalent formation water flow path, so that the preheating container 27 preheats the equivalent formation water and gas injected into the reaction chamber 101 before injecting them into the reaction chamber 101, thereby reducing the influence of the temperature of the equivalent formation water and the temperature of the gas injected into the reaction chamber 101 on the simulation experiment.

[0097] The preheating container 27 defines a preheating chamber, which is connected to the sixth pipeline 206. The end of the sixth pipeline 206 away from the preheating chamber is connected to the reaction chamber 101, and the end of the fifth pipeline 205 away from the first gas tank 23 is connected to the preheating chamber. The gas in the fifth pipeline 205 enters the preheating chamber for preheating and is injected into the reaction chamber 101 through the sixth pipeline 206; the end of the third pipeline 203 away from the first water tank 25 and the second water tank 26 is connected to the preheating chamber, and the equivalent formation water in the third pipeline 203 enters the preheating chamber for preheating and is injected into the reaction chamber 101 through the sixth pipeline 206.

[0098] It should be noted that what flows in the sixth pipeline 206 may be equivalent formation water or gas.

[0099] It should also be noted that the fifth pipeline 205 and the third pipeline 203 can only be opened or closed at the same time.

[0100] The sixth pipeline 206 is provided with a fourth control valve 2061 , and the fourth control valve 2061 is used to control the on-off of the sixth pipeline 206 and the flow rate or flow of the fluid in the sixth pipeline 206 .

[0101] In some embodiments, the preheating container 27 is provided with a fifth stop valve 271. When the experiment is completed and there is no need to inject gas or water into the reaction chamber 101, the fifth stop valve 271 is opened to discharge the residual gas or equivalent formation water in the preheating chamber to prevent the gas or equivalent formation water from remaining in the preheating chamber and causing adverse consequences.

[0102] In other embodiments, the preheating container 27 is provided with a thermometer 29, and the thermometer 29 is used to measure the temperature in the preheating chamber.

[0103] In the above unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device, Figure 1 As shown, the metering component 3 is used to measure the gas saturation of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101; the metering component 3 includes a gas-liquid separator 31 and an electronic balance 32, the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the reaction chamber 101 and the electronic balance 32 respectively, the gas-liquid separator 31 injects the liquid separated from the reaction chamber 101 into the electronic balance 32, and the electronic balance 32 is used to measure the volume of the separated liquid; the gas-liquid separator 31 is also connected to a second gas storage tank 33, and the second gas storage tank 33 is used to store the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 31.

[0104] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to a first metering pipeline, and the first metering pipeline passes through the bottom of the reactor 1 and extends into the reaction chamber 101, so that the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the reaction chamber 101 through the first metering pipeline.

[0105] In other embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to a second metering pipeline, and one end of the second metering pipeline away from the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the electronic balance 32, so that the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the electronic balance 32 through the second metering pipeline; a fifth control valve 34 is provided on the second metering pipeline, and the fifth control valve 34 is used to control the on and off of the second metering pipeline and the flow rate of the liquid in the second metering pipeline.

[0106] The above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device also includes a data acquisition and control system 4, which is connected to the resistivity tomography electrode 14 and the logging instrument 13 respectively, and is used to control the operation of the resistivity tomography electrode 14 and the logging instrument 13 and to collect detection information of the resistivity tomography electrode 14 and the logging instrument 13.

[0107] The data acquisition and control system 4 is also connected to the formation temperature monitoring sensor 111 and the wellbore pressure and temperature testing sensor 15 to obtain the acquisition information of the formation temperature monitoring sensor 111 and the wellbore pressure and temperature testing sensor 15 .

[0108] The data acquisition and integrated control system includes a control module, a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module and a display module. The control module is used to control the operation of the resistivity tomography electrode 14, the logging instrument 13, the formation temperature monitoring sensor 111, and the wellbore pressure and temperature test sensor 15; the data acquisition module is used to obtain the collection information of the resistivity tomography electrode 14, the logging instrument 13, the formation temperature monitoring sensor 111, and the wellbore pressure and temperature test sensor 15; the data preprocessing module is used to process the data collected by the data acquisition module; and the display module is used to display the data processed by the data preprocessing module.

[0109] In some embodiments, the data acquisition and integrated control system includes a main control computer and a display screen. The main control computer is used to obtain the collected information of the resistivity tomography electrode 14, the logging instrument 13, the formation temperature monitoring sensor 111, and the well wall pressure and temperature test sensor 15. The display screen is used to display the information obtained by the main control computer. This is common knowledge in the field and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device is provided by setting a reactor 1, and defining a reaction chamber 101 for containing a simulated formation in the reactor 1, so that the reactor 1 provides an experimental site for the simulation experiment; a pressure pump 17 is provided to inject water into the accommodating chamber 1100 of the upper cover 11 to adjust the axial pressure of the upper cover 11 on the simulated formation, so that the simulated formation is subjected to an axial pressure equivalent to that of the formation in the study area; a water injection component is provided, so that the water injection component injects equivalent formation water into the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101, so that the water content of the simulated formation is equivalent to that of the formation in the study area; a gas injection component is provided, so that the gas injection component injects gas into the reaction chamber 101, so that the gas displaces the equivalent formation water in the simulated formation, so that the condition of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101 is equivalent to that of the formation in the study area.

[0111] The above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device can accurately simulate the in-situ and logging environment of the formation by adding water, injecting gas and pressurizing the simulated formation, so that the simulated formation is highly similar to the actual formation in terms of environmental factors. This not only ensures the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results, but also helps to deeply understand the enrichment and accumulation laws of ultra-shallow natural gas and natural gas hydrates in the sea, and is helpful to study the in-situ logging response laws of ultra-shallow gas-bearing reservoirs and hydrate-bearing sediments in the sea, saturation logging interpretation and evaluation, and seismic record layer velocity calibration.

[0112] Based on the above unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation enrichment simulation experimental device, the present invention also provides an unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation enrichment simulation experimental measurement method, using the above unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation enrichment simulation experimental device for measurement, the measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0113] Prepare simulated formations of the study area and equivalent formation water of the study area;

[0114] Fill the simulated stratum into the reaction chamber 101 and close the upper cover 11; use the vacuum device 19 to extract the air in the reaction chamber 101 to make the reaction chamber 101 in a vacuum state;

[0115] Inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber 101, use the resistivity tomography electrode 14 to monitor the saturation of the simulated formation water in real time, and stop injecting the equivalent formation water after the simulated formation water is saturated;

[0116] The pressure pump 17 injects water into the accommodation chamber 1100 so that the upper cover 11 applies the required axial pressure to the simulated formation;

[0117] Inject gas into the reaction chamber 101 to displace equivalent formation water, and calculate the gas saturation in the reaction chamber 101 through the metering component 3;

[0118] The logging instrument 13 is placed in the fluid-filled wellbore 12, and lowered to the inside of the simulated formation. The logging instrument 13 is lifted up or lowered along the fluid-filled wellbore 12 to collect array acoustic waveforms and array lateral resistivity curves that vary with the depth of the simulated formation. The measured data are then processed to obtain the resistivity and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities at different simulated formation depths.

[0119] In some embodiments, during the process of injecting gas into the reaction chamber 101, the logging instrument 13 is made to cyclically measure the array acoustic waveform and array lateral resistivity curve of the simulated formation until the gas saturation in the reaction chamber 101 reaches the target value.

[0120] It should be noted that when injecting gas into the reaction chamber 101, the migration of gas in the simulated formation is monitored in real time using the resistivity tomography electrode 14. The gas is injected into the reaction chamber 101 in multiple times. During the next gas injection, the background at the end of the previous gas injection can be selected to observe the migration of gas in the simulated formation during each gas injection.

[0121] It should also be noted that after the simulated formation is subjected to the required axial pressure, the ambient temperature around the reactor 1 is adjusted so that the temperature of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101 corresponds to the formation temperature in the research area.

[0122] In some embodiments, an air conditioner is installed in the environment of the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device. By adjusting the temperature and working mode of the air conditioner, the temperature of the simulated formation in the reactor 1 is adjusted to the temperature of the formation in the study area.

[0123] In the above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, by conducting petrological analysis and testing of the lithology, minerals, clay and physical properties of the rock cuttings samples of the strata in the study area, the composition and particle size and other parameters of the strata in the study area can be obtained, and a simulated stratum of the strata in the study area can be prepared according to the proportion of the mineral and particle size distribution characteristics in the strata in the study area.

[0124] It should be noted that the strata are usually layered structures, and the above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method can measure a certain layer in the strata.

[0125] In the above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, the mineralization and ion type of the formation water in the study area can be obtained by analyzing the formation water in the study area or based on the water analysis data of the study area, so as to prepare equivalent formation water with the same mineralization as the formation water in the study area.

[0126] In the above-mentioned unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method, equivalent formation water is injected into the simulated formation to make the water condition of the simulated formation equivalent to that of the formation in the study area; axial pressure is applied to the water-containing simulated formation to simulate the stress condition of the actual formation; gas is injected into the reaction chamber 101 to displace the equivalent formation water in the simulated formation to simulate the gas content in the actual formation, so that the condition of the simulated formation is close to that of the actual formation; and the simulated formation is measured and the measurement results of the simulated formation are used as equivalent measurement results of the actual formation, which not only simplifies the measurement method of the actual formation, but also has high measurement accuracy, providing experimental data support for the exploration and development of unconsolidated diagenetic natural gas or natural gas hydrate reservoirs.

[0127] The above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs can not only be used to study the accumulation rules of shallow natural gas reservoirs and the acoustic and electrical logging methods, but also can be used to study the formation / decomposition logging response rules of natural gas hydrates.

[0128] The above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0129] In this embodiment, the reactor 1 has a height of 200 cm and a diameter of 100 cm. It is made of high-strength alloy material and is resistant to salt water corrosion. The reactor 1 can withstand an axial pressure of 0-20 MP.

[0130] like Figure 4 As shown, the resistivity tomography electrodes 14 surrounding the wall of the reaction chamber 101 have six layers, 32 electrodes in each layer, a total of 192 electrodes. The well wall pressure and temperature sensors are arranged in six layers, four electrodes in each layer, a total of 24 electrodes. The main control computer is configured with an i7 processor, 12G memory, and a 2T hard disk.

[0131] The measurement method includes the following steps:

[0132] A simulated formation is prepared according to the characteristic proportions of minerals and particle size distribution in the formation in the study area, and the simulated formation is filled into the reaction chamber 101 layer by layer to construct a porous formation medium.

[0133] Specifically: Taking the Lingshui 36-1 well area of ​​the ultra-deepwater and ultra-shallow gas field in the southeastern sea area of ​​Qiongdong as the study area, the rock cuttings samples in the study area were analyzed and tested for petrological characteristics to obtain the specific conditions of the strata in the study area in terms of lithology, minerals, clay and physical properties. Based on these analysis results, a variety of simulated formations were prepared, each of which contained quartz sands of different mesh sizes (40 to 2000 meshes) and mud types such as illite, kaolin, and chlorite. Given that the study area is a sandstone formation and the main particle size is 200 mesh, the sands of 180-220 mesh are fully mixed and the porosity, permeability and other parameters are measured in a container of a certain volume, and then a large amount of dried sand is filled into the reactor 1 layer by layer and compacted as much as possible.

[0134] After the simulated strata are filled into the reaction chamber 101, the upper cover 11 is fastened, and the cover body 1101 is connected to the reactor 1 through the fastener 112, so that the reaction chamber 101 is in a closed state; the vacuum device 19 extracts the air in the reaction chamber 101, so that the reaction chamber 101 is in a vacuum state.

[0135] Through water analysis data in the study area, it was determined that the main ion type was NaCl, and the mineralization of the formation water was 35,000 ppm. Equivalent formation water was prepared, and it was calculated that 480 L of equivalent formation water was required for the experiment. At least 480 L of equivalent formation water was prepared, and the equivalent formation water was stored in a water storage tank.

[0136] The preheating container 27 preheats the equivalent formation water in the water storage tank, and then injects the equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber 101 to make the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101 saturated with water. During the injection of the equivalent formation water, the resistivity tomography electrode 14 is used to monitor the flow of the equivalent formation water in real time to ensure that the equivalent formation water is evenly injected into the simulated formation. After the simulated formation contains 100% water, the injection of the equivalent formation water is stopped.

[0137] The pressure pump 17 injects water into the accommodating chamber 1100, so that the movable plate 1102 and the simulated formation are in contact with each other, and the axial pressure applied by the upper cover 11 to the simulated formation is increased. After the simulated formation is subjected to the required pressure of 3MP, the temperature of the environment in which the reactor 1 is located is adjusted to adjust the temperature of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber 101 to the formation temperature of the study area, wherein the formation temperature of the study area is 18°C.

[0138] The logging instrument 13 is placed in the fluid-filled wellbore 12 and lowered into the simulated formation so that the logging instrument 13 can measure the simulated formation in real time to obtain the array acoustic waveform and array lateral resistivity curve of the simulated formation.

[0139] The preheating container 27 preheats the gas in the first gas storage tank 23 and then injects the gas into the reaction chamber 101 in batches, so that the gas displaces the equivalent formation water in the reaction chamber 101. The displaced equivalent formation water enters the gas-liquid separator 31. The gas-liquid separator 31 determines the gas saturation of the simulated formation based on the displaced equivalent formation water, and stops injecting gas when the gas saturation reaches the target value.

[0140] It should be noted that, during the process of injecting gas into the reaction chamber 101 , the resistivity tomography electrode 14 is used to monitor the migration of gas in the simulated formation in real time.

[0141] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, during the experiment, you can choose to measure the simulated formation when the simulated formation drainage is 20L, 40L, 80L, 100L, 120L, 140L, 160L, 180L, and 200L, so as to obtain the array acoustic full-wave waveform and array lateral resistivity logging curve of the simulated formation.

[0142] After one simulated stratum is measured, another simulated stratum is replaced and the above steps are repeated to perform measurements until all simulated strata are measured.

[0143] The above-mentioned in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs injects equivalent formation water into the simulated formation, applies axial pressure, injects gas to displace formation water, and other operations to make the simulated formation close to the actual formation situation, so that the measurement results of the simulated formation are equivalent to the measurement results of the actual formation. It not only simplifies the measurement method of the actual formation, but also has high measurement accuracy, providing experimental data support for the exploration and development of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs. The method can be applied to the study of the enrichment law and acoustic and electrical logging methods of shallow natural gas reservoirs, as well as the study of the logging response law of the formation / decomposition of natural gas hydrates, and flexibly realizes the engineering simulation logging of lateral resistivity curves at different radial depths of ultra-shallow gas-bearing reservoirs and full-wave waveforms of monopole and quadrupole arrays, which can be used for the study of the acoustic and electrical logging response law of ultra-shallow unconsolidated diagenetic natural gas reservoirs, and the calibration of the longitudinal and shear wave velocities and fluid saturation rock electrical parameters of ultra-shallow gas reservoirs.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that: the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0145] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device for unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, characterized in that: include: A reactor, wherein a reaction chamber with a top opening is defined inside the reactor, and the reaction chamber is used to place a simulated formation; an electrical resistivity tomography electrode is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the electrical resistivity tomography electrode is used to monitor the saturation degree of the simulated formation water; An upper cover is arranged at the top opening of the reaction chamber in an openable and closable manner; a receiving chamber is defined inside the upper cover, and the receiving chamber and the reaction chamber are separated from each other; the upper cover includes a cover body and a movable plate, and the cover body is connected to the top of the reactor by fasteners; the movable plate is located on the side of the cover body facing the reaction chamber, and the movable plate and the cover body jointly define the receiving chamber, and the movable plate is used to form the bottom wall of the receiving chamber; the movable plate is located in the reaction chamber and can move in the reaction chamber along the axial direction of the reactor, so that the movable plate contacts the simulated formation; A pressure pump, used for injecting water into the accommodating chamber to increase the axial pressure applied by the upper cover to the simulated formation; A liquid-filled wellbore, which passes through the upper cover and is arranged in the reaction chamber; the liquid-filled wellbore is located on the axis of the reactor; a well logging instrument is placed in the liquid-filled wellbore, and the well logging instrument can be lifted up or lowered along the liquid-filled wellbore; the well logging instrument is used to measure the resistivity of the simulated formation and the waveform of the wellbore array, and then process the measured data to obtain the resistivity and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of different simulated formation depths; An evacuator, used to extract the air in the reaction chamber; A water injection component, used for injecting equivalent formation water of the formation in the research area into the reaction chamber; A gas injection component, used for injecting gas into the reaction chamber; A metering component, used for measuring the gas saturation of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber; A preheating container is located in front of the reaction chamber along the gas flow path and the equivalent formation water flow path, so that the preheating container preheats the equivalent formation water and gas injected into the reaction chamber before injecting them into the reaction chamber.

2. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection assembly comprises a liquid storage tank and a water pump. The liquid storage tank is used to store equivalent formation water and is connected to the reaction chamber. The water pump is used to inject the equivalent formation water in the liquid storage tank into the reaction chamber.

3. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection assembly also includes a water injection piston, which is used to inject equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber; the upper cover is provided with a connecting port, which passes through the upper cover along the axial direction of the reactor, and the connecting port is not only used for the water injection piston to communicate with the reaction chamber, but also for observing the reaction chamber.

4. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas injection assembly includes a first gas tank, an air compressor and a booster pump. The first gas tank is connected to the reaction chamber. The air compressor is used to fill air into the first gas tank. The air compressor, the booster pump and the first gas tank are arranged in sequence along the air flow path. The booster pump is used to increase the air pressure entering the first gas tank.

5. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metering component includes a gas-liquid separator and an electronic balance. The gas-liquid separator is connected to the reaction chamber and the electronic balance respectively. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the equivalent formation water displaced in the reaction chamber, and the gas-liquid separator injects the separated liquid into the electronic balance. The gas-liquid separator is connected to a second gas storage tank, and the second gas storage tank is used to store the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator.

6. The unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data acquisition and control system, which is connected to the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument respectively, and is used to control the operation of the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument and to collect measurement information of the resistivity tomography electrode and the logging instrument.

7. A simulation experimental measurement method for in-situ accumulation and enrichment of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoirs, characterized in that: The measurement is performed using the unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the measurement method comprises the following steps: Prepare simulated formations of the study area and equivalent formation water of the study area; Fill the simulated stratum into the reaction chamber and close the upper cover; use the vacuum device to extract the air in the reaction chamber to make the reaction chamber in a vacuum state; Injecting equivalent formation water into the reaction chamber, using the resistivity tomography electrode to monitor the saturation of the simulated formation water in real time, and stopping the injection of equivalent formation water after the simulated formation is saturated with water; The pressure pump injects water into the accommodating chamber so that the upper cover applies the required axial pressure to the simulated formation; The preheating container preheats the gas and then injects the gas into the reaction chamber in batches, so that the gas displaces equivalent formation water, and the gas saturation in the reaction chamber is calculated by the metering component; The logging instrument is placed in the fluid-filled wellbore, lowered to the inside of the simulated formation, and lifted or lowered along the fluid-filled wellbore to measure the array resistivity and wellbore array waveform at different simulated formation depths, and then the measured data is processed to obtain the resistivity and longitudinal and transverse wave velocities at different simulated formation depths.

8. The in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the process of injecting gas into the reaction chamber, the logging instrument is made to cyclically measure the array resistivity and the wellbore array waveform of the simulated formation until the gas saturation in the reaction chamber reaches a target value.

9. The in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir according to claim 7, characterized in that: When gas is injected into the reaction chamber, the resistivity tomography electrode is used to monitor the migration of gas in the simulated formation in real time.

10. The in-situ accumulation and enrichment simulation experimental measurement method of unconsolidated diagenetic reservoir according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the simulated formation is subjected to the required axial pressure, the ambient temperature around the reactor is adjusted so that the temperature of the simulated formation in the reaction chamber corresponds to the formation temperature of the research area.

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