Roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a kind of roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method, including data acquisition unit, roadway monitoring unit, roadway stability analysis unit, control decision unit, execution unit and data storage unit.The present application obtains roadway monitoring information by analyzing surrounding rock data parameters, and obtains roadway stability information by analyzing roadway monitoring information, then roadway stability information and sensor data parameters are comprehensively analyzed to obtain control decision information, according to control decision information, the adjustment of monitoring frequency can be carried out, avoid high-frequency monitoring of stable roadway by sensor group, facilitate the adjustment of sensor work, and optimize resource consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal, as one of the main energy sources, provides strong power support for industrial production, promotes the development of many industries such as steel, chemical industry, and electric power, and promotes the growth of the national economy. With the development of coal mining, the mining depth is increasing, and the importance of roadway surrounding rock is increasing. Effective prevention of safety accidents caused by surrounding rock instability can protect the safety of workers and avoid huge economic losses and social impact caused by accidents.

[0003] The current roadway surrounding rock dynamic control needs to set multiple sensor groups at a set distance, and continuously monitor the physical parameter changes of the surrounding rock through multiple sensor groups, so as to monitor the surrounding rock. However, part of the roadway surrounding rock will tend to be stable after adjustment, and at this time, the continuous high-frequency monitoring will waste a lot of resources, and the adjustment of monitoring resources is troublesome. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system, comprising a data acquisition unit, a roadway monitoring unit, a roadway stability analysis unit, a control decision unit, an execution unit and a data storage unit.

[0006] The data acquisition unit comprises a sensor module for acquiring sensor data parameters of each sensor in the sensor module, and acquiring surrounding rock data parameters of the roadway surrounding rock through the sensor module, and sending the sensor data parameters and the surrounding rock data parameters to the data storage unit; the sensor data parameters include monitoring interval time, sampling frequency and sensor quantity; the surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, roadway mining data and surrounding rock change data.

[0007] The roadway monitoring unit is used for acquiring the surrounding rock data parameters and analyzing the surrounding rock data parameters to obtain roadway monitoring information, and sending the roadway monitoring information to the roadway stability analysis unit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, the surrounding rock data parameters are analyzed, and the specific analysis method is as follows:

[0009] The roadway is divided into multiple monitoring areas according to a set unit distance, and geological data, roadway mining data and surrounding rock change data corresponding to each monitoring area are obtained; the geological data is identified to obtain the geological structure and rock composition of the roadway area, the geological structures are sorted according to stability to obtain stability arrangement information corresponding to the geological structures, the stability arrangement information is divided into multiple stability arrangement intervals, each stability arrangement interval corresponds to an instability index, and the geological structure corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the stability arrangement information to obtain the instability index corresponding to each monitoring area; rock type data is obtained, the rock type data includes magmatic rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock, and each rock type data corresponds to a stability influence standard value, the rock composition corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the rock type data to obtain the rock type data corresponding to the rock composition of the monitoring area, the proportion of each rock type data of the monitoring area is obtained, the proportion of each rock type data of the monitoring area is multiplied by the stability influence standard value corresponding to each rock type data to obtain a type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type data of the monitoring area, and the type stability influence values corresponding to each rock type are summed to obtain a type stability influence total value; and the instability index and the stability influence total value are added to obtain a geological influence index.

[0010] The rock composition corresponding to the magmatic rock of the rock type data includes but is not limited to quartz, feldspar, hornblende and augite, and the magmatic rock corresponds to a high rock strength and a strong stability; the rock composition corresponding to the sedimentary rock includes silica, carbonate and clay minerals, and the characteristics of the sedimentary rock include but are not limited to small hardness, plasticity and water swelling; and the rock composition corresponding to the metamorphic rock includes but is not limited to talc, chlorite and mica, and the metamorphic rock is smooth and soft, and has poor rock stability.

[0011] The roadway mining data is identified to obtain a roadway mining size and a mining speed; the roadway mining size is divided into multiple mining size intervals, each mining size interval corresponds to a stress influence value, the roadway mining size corresponding to the current roadway mining data is matched with the multiple mining size intervals to obtain a stress influence value corresponding to the current roadway mining data; a pre-set roadway mining speed threshold is obtained, the current roadway mining speed is compared with the roadway mining speed threshold, when the roadway mining speed is greater than the roadway mining speed threshold, a value obtained by subtracting the roadway mining speed threshold from the roadway mining speed is marked as a speed influence value; and the stress influence value and the speed influence value are calculated and summed to obtain a mining influence index.

[0012] The surrounding rock change data includes stress values and surrounding rock monitoring images; a unit analysis duration is set and historical stress values of multiple unit monitoring times in the unit analysis duration of each monitoring area are obtained, the multiple historical stress values are subtracted by the historical stress value of the previous unit monitoring time to obtain stress change values corresponding to each historical stress value, the stress change values are identified, when the stress change value is positive, the stress change value is compared with the set threshold value, when the stress change value is greater than the set threshold value, the corresponding stress change value is marked as an abnormal stress change value, the number of abnormal stress change values is counted and marked as an abnormal value number, the abnormal value number is calculated with the total number of obtained historical stress values to obtain an abnormal proportion index corresponding to the abnormal stress change value; the historical surrounding rock monitoring images corresponding to each surrounding rock monitoring image are obtained, the current surrounding rock monitoring image is compared with the historical surrounding rock monitoring image to obtain a deformation feature, the deformation feature is identified to obtain a feature size, the deformation feature area is calculated according to the feature size, when the deformation feature area is greater than the set threshold value, the corresponding deformation feature area is marked as a risk deformation area; the abnormal proportion index and the risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain a surrounding rock change index; the deformation feature includes but is not limited to displacement, strain, roof falling and rib spalling of the surrounding rock.

[0013] Two same ellipses are constructed with the values of the geological influence index and the mining influence index as the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipses, the two centers of the two ellipses are the starting point and the ending point, a straight line perpendicular to the two ellipses is drawn, and then an elliptical cylinder is constructed with the two ellipses and the straight line, the volume of the elliptical cylinder is calculated and the value of the volume is taken as the roadway monitoring index, when the roadway monitoring index is greater than the set threshold value, the roadway monitoring information is generated as roadway monitoring anomaly.

[0014] The roadway stability analysis unit is used for receiving the roadway monitoring information and analyzing the roadway monitoring information to obtain roadway stability information, and sending the roadway stability information to the control decision unit; specifically: the roadway monitoring information of each monitoring area is identified to obtain a roadway monitoring state, the roadway monitoring state of multiple unit monitoring times in the unit analysis duration of each monitoring area is obtained, the monitoring state of the roadway monitoring anomaly is counted to obtain a monitoring anomaly number, the monitoring anomaly number is compared with the total number of the roadway monitoring state to obtain a monitoring anomaly proportion value, the anomaly proportion value is divided into each anomaly proportion value interval, each anomaly proportion value interval corresponds to a stable influence index, the anomaly proportion value is matched with the anomaly proportion value interval to obtain the stable influence index corresponding to the anomaly proportion value, the stable influence indexes of multiple unit analysis durations are obtained, and the multiple stable influence indexes are plotted in the stable influence index curve according to the time sequence, the curve slope is obtained through the stable influence index curve, when the curve slope is positive, the stable influence index increases, and the roadway stability information is generated as the stability reduction.

[0015] The control decision unit is configured to accept the roadway stability information and obtain sensor data parameters, and comprehensively analyze the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters to obtain control decision information, and send the control decision information to the execution unit.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters are comprehensively analyzed, and the specific analysis method is as follows:

[0017] The roadway stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain a monitoring interval duration, a sampling frequency and a sensor quantity; the monitoring interval duration of each monitoring area is calculated with a unit monitoring time to obtain a monitoring frequency in the unit monitoring time, the monitoring frequency is divided into a plurality of monitoring frequency intervals, each monitoring frequency interval corresponds to a frequency influence index, and the current monitoring frequency of each monitoring area is matched with the plurality of monitoring frequency intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency influence index.

[0018] The sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring frequency corresponding to the unit monitoring time is obtained, and the sampling frequency is divided into a plurality of sampling frequency intervals, each sampling frequency interval corresponds to a sampling influence index, the sampling frequency corresponding to the current monitoring frequency is matched with the plurality of sampling frequency intervals to obtain the sampling influence index corresponding to the sampling frequency; each monitoring area is identified to obtain the area of each monitoring area, the sensor quantity of each monitoring area is compared with the corresponding area to obtain a ratio, and the ratio is marked as a sensor density value, the sensor density value is divided into a plurality of density value intervals, each density value interval is set to correspond to a sensor density influence value, and the current sensor density value of the monitoring area is matched with the plurality of density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value.

[0019] The frequency influence index, the sampling influence index and the sensor density influence index are normalized and the values thereof are taken, and the frequency influence value JC is obtained according to the formula wherein P, CY and CG represent the frequency influence index, the sampling influence index and the sensor density influence index, respectively. CY represents the sampling influence index reference value. CG represents the sensor density influence allowed difference value; v1, v2 and v3 are all preset weight factors, and the values thereof are 2.19, 2.72 and 1.09, respectively; based on the roadway stability information, the frequency influence value is analyzed, when the roadway stability information corresponds to stability reduction, the corresponding frequency influence value needs to be increased accordingly, and corresponding control decision information is generated; the control decision information at least includes the following decisions: reducing the monitoring interval duration, increasing the sampling frequency and increasing the sensor quantity.

[0020] An execution unit is configured to receive the control decision information and perform corresponding execution operations according to the control decision information, and send the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations to the data storage unit.

[0021] A data storage unit is configured to store the sensor data parameters and the surrounding rock data parameters, and store the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control method, comprising:

[0023] An initial monitoring stage, in which sensors are arranged in the roadway, a monitoring area is divided, data of each monitoring area is obtained by the sensors, and stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained according to the obtained data.

[0024] A stability judgment stage, in which a stability development trend is analyzed according to the stability information of the surrounding rock, and the control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend.

[0025] An adjustment monitoring stage, in which the monitoring frequency is controlled based on the control decision information, and a roadway support measure is generated according to the state of the surrounding rock.

[0026] The technical solution provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] The present application obtains roadway monitoring information by analyzing the surrounding rock data parameters, obtains roadway stability information by analyzing the roadway monitoring information, and obtains and control decision information by comprehensively analyzing the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters. The monitoring frequency can be adjusted according to the control decision information, avoiding high-frequency monitoring of the stable roadway by the sensor group, facilitating adjustment of the sensor work, and optimizing resource consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. The following drawings are not deliberately drawn according to the actual size, and the focus is on showing the main principles of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic control system for roadway surrounding rock includes: a data acquisition unit, a roadway monitoring unit, a roadway stability analysis unit, a control decision unit, an execution unit, and a data storage unit.

[0032] The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module that collects sensor data parameters from each sensor within the sensor module, and also collects surrounding rock data parameters from the roadway surrounding rock through the sensor module. The sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters are then sent to the data storage unit. The sensor data parameters include monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency, and the number of sensors. The surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, roadway mining data, and surrounding rock change data.

[0033] The tunnel monitoring unit acquires surrounding rock data parameters and analyzes them to obtain tunnel monitoring information, which is then sent to the tunnel stability analysis unit.

[0034] The analysis of surrounding rock data parameters is performed using the following specific methods:

[0035] The tunnel is divided into multiple monitoring zones according to a set unit distance. Geological data, tunnel mining data, and surrounding rock change data are acquired from the surrounding rock data parameters corresponding to each monitoring zone. The geological data is used to identify the geological structure and rock composition of the tunnel area. The geological structures are sorted according to stability to obtain stability ranking information. This stability ranking information is divided into multiple stability ranking intervals, each corresponding to an instability index. The geological structure of each monitoring zone is matched with the stability ranking information to obtain the instability index for each monitoring zone. Rock type data is also acquired, including igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks. The monitoring system identifies both volcanic and metamorphic rocks, with each rock type corresponding to a stability influence standard value. The rock composition and rock type data for each monitoring area are matched to obtain the corresponding rock type data. The proportion of each rock type in each monitoring area is then calculated. This proportion is multiplied by the corresponding stability influence standard value to obtain the type stability influence value for each rock type. The total type stability influence value is then summed. Finally, the instability index and the total stability influence value are added together to obtain the geological influence index.

[0036] The rock composition corresponding to the magmatic rock of the rock type data includes but is not limited to quartz, feldspar, hornblende and pyroxene, and the rock strength corresponding to the magmatic rock is relatively high and stable; the rock composition corresponding to the sedimentary rock includes silica, carbonate and clay minerals, and the characteristics of the sedimentary rock include but are not limited to small hardness, plasticity and water swelling; the rock composition corresponding to the metamorphic rock includes but is not limited to talc, chlorite and mica, and the metamorphic rock is smooth and soft, and the rock stability is extremely poor.

[0037] The roadway mining data is identified to obtain a roadway mining size and a mining speed; the roadway mining size is divided into a plurality of mining size intervals, each mining size interval corresponds to a stress influence value, the roadway mining size corresponding to the current roadway mining data is matched with the plurality of mining size intervals to obtain the stress influence value corresponding to the current roadway mining data; a pre-set roadway mining speed threshold is obtained, the current roadway mining speed is compared with the roadway mining speed threshold, when the roadway mining speed is greater than the roadway mining speed threshold, the value obtained by subtracting the roadway mining speed threshold from the roadway mining speed is marked as a speed influence value; the stress influence value and the speed influence value are calculated and summed to obtain a mining influence index.

[0038] The surrounding rock change data includes stress values and surrounding rock monitoring images; a unit analysis duration is set and a plurality of unit monitoring time historical stress values of each monitoring area within the unit analysis duration are obtained, the plurality of historical stress values are subtracted by the historical stress value of the corresponding previous unit monitoring time to obtain the stress change value corresponding to each historical stress value, the stress change value is identified, when the stress change value is positive, the stress change value is compared with the set threshold, when the stress change value is greater than the set threshold, the corresponding stress change value is marked as an abnormal stress change value, the number of abnormal stress change values is counted and marked as an abnormal value number, the abnormal value number and the total number of obtained historical stress values are calculated to obtain an abnormal stress change value corresponding to an abnormal proportion index; the historical surrounding rock monitoring images corresponding to each surrounding rock monitoring image are obtained, the current surrounding rock monitoring image is compared with the historical surrounding rock monitoring image to obtain a deformation feature, the deformation feature is identified to obtain a feature size, the deformation feature area is calculated according to the feature size, when the deformation feature area is greater than the set threshold, the corresponding deformation feature area is marked as a risk deformation area; the abnormal proportion index and the risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain a surrounding rock change index; the deformation feature includes but is not limited to displacement, strain, roof fall and rib spalling of the surrounding rock.

[0039] Two same ellipses are constructed with the numerical values of the geological influence index and the mining influence index as the long axis and the short axis of the ellipses, two straight lines are drawn perpendicularly to the two ellipses with the two centers of the two ellipses as the starting point and the ending point, and then an elliptic cylinder is constructed with the two ellipses and the straight lines, the volume of the elliptic cylinder is calculated and the numerical value of the volume is taken as the roadway monitoring index, and when the roadway monitoring index is greater than the set threshold value, the roadway monitoring information is generated as roadway monitoring anomaly.

[0040] The roadway stability analysis unit receives the roadway monitoring information and analyzes the roadway monitoring information to obtain roadway stability information, and sends the roadway stability information to the control decision unit; specifically: the roadway monitoring information of each monitoring area is identified to obtain the roadway monitoring state, the roadway monitoring state of multiple unit monitoring times in the unit analysis time length of each monitoring area is obtained, the monitoring state of the roadway monitoring anomaly is counted to obtain the monitoring anomaly number, the monitoring anomaly number is compared with the total number of roadway monitoring states to obtain the monitoring anomaly proportion, the anomaly proportion is divided into each anomaly proportion interval, each anomaly proportion interval corresponds to a stability influence index, the anomaly proportion is matched with the anomaly proportion interval to obtain the stability influence index corresponding to the anomaly proportion, the stability influence indexes of multiple unit analysis time lengths are obtained, and the stability influence indexes are plotted in time sequence to obtain a stability influence index curve, the slope of the curve is obtained through the stability influence index curve, and when the slope of the curve is positive, the stability influence index is increased, and the roadway stability information is generated as the stability is reduced.

[0041] The control decision unit receives the roadway stability information and obtains the sensor data parameters, and comprehensively analyzes the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters to obtain control decision information, and sends the control decision information to the execution unit.

[0042] The comprehensive analysis of the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters is as follows:

[0043] The roadway stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain the monitoring interval time, the sampling frequency and the number of sensors; the monitoring interval time of each monitoring area is calculated with the unit monitoring time to obtain the monitoring times in the unit monitoring time, the monitoring times are divided into multiple monitoring time intervals, each monitoring time interval corresponds to a frequency influence index, and the current monitoring times of each monitoring area are matched with the multiple monitoring time intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency influence index.

[0044] The acquisition unit monitors the sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring frequency corresponding to the monitoring time, and divides the sampling frequency into a plurality of sampling frequency intervals, each sampling frequency interval corresponding to a sampling influence index, and the sampling frequency corresponding to the sampling influence index is obtained by matching the current sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring frequency with the plurality of sampling frequency intervals; each monitoring area is identified to obtain the area of each monitoring area, and the number of sensors in each monitoring area is compared with the corresponding area to obtain a ratio, and the ratio is marked as a sensor density value, and the sensor density value is divided into a plurality of density value intervals, and each density value interval corresponds to a sensor density influence value, and the current sensor density value of the monitoring area is matched with the plurality of density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value.

[0045] The frequency influence index, the sampling influence index and the sensor density influence index are normalized and the values are taken, and the frequency influence value JC is obtained according to the formula Where P, CY and CG represent the frequency influence index, the sampling influence index and the sensor density influence index respectively. The sampling influence index reference value is represented by CY. The sensor density influence allowed difference is represented by CG; v1, v2 and v3 are all preset weight factors, and the values are 2.19, 2.72 and 1.09 respectively; based on the roadway stability information, the frequency influence value is analyzed, when the roadway stability information corresponds to a decrease in stability, the corresponding frequency influence value needs to be increased accordingly and the corresponding control decision information is generated; the control decision information at least includes the following decisions: reducing the monitoring interval length, increasing the sampling frequency and increasing the number of sensors.

[0046] The execution unit receives the control decision information and performs the corresponding execution operation according to the control decision information, and sends the control decision information and the corresponding execution operation to the data storage unit.

[0047] The data storage unit stores the sensor data parameters and the surrounding rock data parameters, and stores the control decision information and the corresponding execution operation.

[0048] The present application also provides a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control method, comprising:

[0049] In the initial monitoring stage, the sensors are arranged in the roadway and the monitoring area is divided, and the data of each monitoring area is obtained by the sensors, and the stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained according to the obtained data.

[0050] In the stability judgment stage, the stability development trend is analyzed according to the stability information of the surrounding rock, and the control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend.

[0051] Adjustment monitoring stage, based on control decision information monitoring frequency control, while according to the state of the roadway support measures of surrounding rock generation.

[0052] The above-described and above-embodied examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones. The modification or replacement does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A dynamic control system for surrounding rock in roadways, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition unit, an execution unit, and a data storage unit, and further includes: The tunnel monitoring unit is used to acquire surrounding rock data parameters, analyze the surrounding rock data parameters to obtain tunnel monitoring information, and send the tunnel monitoring information to the tunnel stability analysis unit. The analysis of surrounding rock data parameters is performed using the following specific methods: The tunnel is divided into multiple monitoring zones according to a set unit distance. Geological data, tunnel mining data, and surrounding rock change data are acquired from the surrounding rock data parameters corresponding to each monitoring zone. The geological data is used to identify the geological structure and rock composition of the tunnel area. The geological structures are sorted according to stability to obtain stability ranking information. This stability ranking information is divided into multiple stability ranking intervals, each corresponding to an instability index. The geological structure of each monitoring zone is matched with the stability ranking information to obtain the instability index for each monitoring zone. Rock type data is also acquired, including igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks. The monitoring process involves identifying both volcanic and metamorphic rocks, with each rock type corresponding to a stability impact standard value. The rock composition and rock type data for each monitoring area are matched to obtain the corresponding rock type data. The proportion of each rock type in each monitoring area is then calculated. This proportion is multiplied by the corresponding stability impact standard value to obtain the type stability impact value for each rock type. The total type stability impact value is then summed. Finally, the instability index and the total stability impact value are added together to obtain the geological impact index. The process involves identifying the roadway mining data to obtain the roadway mining size and mining speed; dividing the roadway mining size into multiple mining size intervals, each interval corresponding to a stress influence value; matching the current roadway mining size with these intervals to obtain the stress influence value; acquiring a pre-set roadway mining speed threshold; comparing the current roadway mining speed with the threshold; and marking the difference between the current and threshold values ​​as the speed influence value when the current speed exceeds the threshold. Finally, calculating and summing the stress influence value and the speed influence value yields the mining influence index. The surrounding rock change data includes stress values ​​and surrounding rock monitoring images. A unit analysis time is set, and historical stress values ​​for multiple monitoring times are obtained for each monitoring area within that time. The stress change value corresponding to each historical stress value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding historical stress value from the previous monitoring time. The stress change value is identified; when the stress change value is positive, it is compared with a set threshold. When the stress change value exceeds the threshold, it is marked as an abnormal stress change value. The number of abnormal stress change values ​​is counted and marked as the number of anomalies. The number of anomalies is calculated by adding the number of anomalies to the total number of historical stress values ​​to obtain the anomaly percentage index. Historical surrounding rock monitoring images are obtained for each surrounding rock monitoring image. The current surrounding rock monitoring image is compared with the historical images to obtain deformation features. The deformation features are identified to obtain feature dimensions, and the deformation feature area is calculated based on these dimensions. When the deformation feature area exceeds a set threshold, it is marked as a risk deformation area. The anomaly percentage index and the risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain the surrounding rock change index. Two identical ellipses are constructed using the values ​​of the geological impact index and the mining impact index as the major and minor axes of the ellipse. The two centers of the two ellipses are the starting point and the ending point, respectively. A straight line perpendicular to the two ellipses is drawn. Then, an elliptical cylinder is constructed using the two ellipses and the straight line. The volume of the elliptical cylinder is calculated and the volume value is used as the roadway monitoring index. When the roadway monitoring index is greater than the set threshold, roadway monitoring information is generated as a roadway monitoring anomaly. The roadway stability analysis unit receives roadway monitoring information, analyzes it to obtain roadway stability information, and sends the stability information to the control decision unit. Specifically, it identifies the roadway monitoring status for each monitoring area, acquires the roadway monitoring status for multiple monitoring times within a unit analysis period for each monitoring area, statistically analyzes monitoring statuses with abnormal roadway monitoring statuses to obtain the number of abnormal monitoring states, compares the number of abnormal monitoring states with the total number of roadway monitoring states to obtain the proportion of abnormal monitoring states, divides the proportion of abnormal monitoring states into intervals, each interval corresponding to a stability impact index, matches the proportion of abnormal monitoring states with the intervals to obtain the stability impact index corresponding to the proportion of abnormal monitoring states, acquires the stability impact index for multiple unit analysis periods, plots the stability impact index curves in chronological order, obtains the slope of the stability impact index curves, identifies the slope of the curves, and when the slope is positive, the stability impact index increases, generating roadway stability information indicating decreased stability. The control decision unit is used to receive roadway stability information and acquire sensor data parameters, and to perform comprehensive analysis of the roadway stability information and sensor data parameters to obtain control decision information, and then send the control decision information to the execution unit. A comprehensive analysis of roadway stability information and sensor data parameters is conducted, and the specific analysis method is as follows: The roadway stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance, and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain the monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency, and number of sensors; the monitoring interval duration of each monitoring area is calculated with the unit monitoring time to obtain the number of monitoring times per unit monitoring time, the number of monitoring times is divided into multiple monitoring frequency intervals, each monitoring frequency interval corresponds to a frequency influence index, and the current monitoring frequency of each monitoring area is matched with multiple monitoring frequency intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency influence index; The sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring time is obtained and divided into multiple sampling frequency intervals. Each sampling frequency interval corresponds to a sampling influence index. The sampling frequency corresponding to each current monitoring time is matched with multiple sampling frequency intervals to obtain the sampling influence index corresponding to the sampling frequency. Each monitoring area is identified to obtain the area of ​​each monitoring area. The number of sensors in each monitoring area is compared with the corresponding area to obtain the ratio, and the ratio is marked as the sensor density value. The constant sensor density value is divided into multiple density value intervals, and each density value interval corresponds to a sensor density influence value. The current sensor density value of the monitoring area is matched with multiple density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value. The frequency impact value is obtained by comprehensively calculating the frequency impact index, sampling impact index, and sensor density impact index. The frequency impact value is analyzed based on the roadway stability information. When the roadway stability information corresponds to a decrease in stability, the corresponding frequency impact value needs to be increased accordingly, and corresponding control decision information is generated. The control decision information includes at least the following decisions: reducing the monitoring interval, increasing the sampling frequency, and adding more sensors.

2. The dynamic control system for surrounding rock in a roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, which is used to collect sensor data parameters from each sensor within the sensor module, and to collect surrounding rock data parameters of the roadway through the sensor module, and to send the sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters to the data storage unit; the sensor data parameters include monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, roadway mining data and surrounding rock change data.

3. The dynamic control system for surrounding rock in a roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution unit is used to receive control decision information, perform corresponding execution operations based on the control decision information, and send the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations to the data storage unit.

4. A method for dynamic control of surrounding rock in roadways, applied to a dynamic control system for surrounding rock in roadways as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: In the initial monitoring phase, sensors are deployed in the roadway and monitoring areas are divided. Data from each monitoring area is acquired through the sensors, and the stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained based on the acquired data. In the stability assessment stage, the stability development trend is analyzed based on the stability information of the surrounding rock, and control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend. During the adjustment and monitoring phase, the monitoring frequency is controlled based on the control decision information, and roadway support measures are generated according to the condition of the surrounding rock.

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