Intelligent control system and method for waste gas treatment equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent control system and method for waste gas treatment equipment, and relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment. Comprising a spraying module, an adsorption module, a controller module and an actuator module, and the spraying module comprises a water washing tower and an alkaline washing tower and is used for controlling a circulating liquid supply system in the spraying tower; the adsorption module comprises activated carbon adsorption and steam adsorption and is used for controlling the adsorption and desorption processes of an activated carbon layer; the controller module adopts a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control algorithm and combines fuzzy control and neural network technologies to control the waste gas treatment process; and the actuator module is used for adjusting the running state of the waste gas treatment equipment according to an instruction of the controller. Various treatment units and intelligent control strategies are integrated, various pollutants in waste gas are effectively removed, and the treatment process is accurately controlled through an intelligent control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular to an intelligent control system and method for waste gas treatment equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrial technology, in the chemical, pharmaceutical, electronic and other industries, waste gas contains a variety of harmful substances, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), acidic gases, etc. Modern waste gas treatment equipment is increasingly using automated control systems that can achieve real-time monitoring, data analysis and automatic adjustment to adapt to changes in waste gas composition and flow. Waste gas treatment methods usually use a single treatment unit, which is difficult to effectively remove multiple pollutants. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a treatment device that integrates multiple treatment units and can be intelligently controlled. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent control system and method for exhaust gas treatment equipment to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment, including a spray module, an adsorption module, a controller module, and an actuator module;

[0005] The spray module includes a water scrubber and an alkali scrubber, which are used to control the circulating liquid supply system in the spray tower, ensure the normal operation of the atomizing nozzle, and achieve efficient contact between the gas and liquid phases;

[0006] The adsorption module includes activated carbon adsorption and steam adsorption, which are used to control the adsorption and desorption process of the activated carbon layer, and realize the regeneration of the activated carbon by intelligently adjusting the adsorption air valve and steam valve;

[0007] The controller module adopts PID control algorithm, combined with fuzzy control and neural network technology, to achieve control of the exhaust gas treatment process;

[0008] The actuator module adjusts the valve opening, the pump speed, and the air volume of the fan according to the instructions of the controller to adjust the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment equipment.

[0009] Preferably, the water scrubber removes solid particles, some soluble pollutants and low-concentration acidic gases in the waste gas based on physical dissolution and inertial collision; the alkali scrubber removes sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen chloride acidic gases in the waste gas based on chemical neutralization reaction. The specific process is as follows:

[0010] The waste gas to be treated enters from the side of the water scrubber;

[0011] The waste gas comes into contact with the spray water in the water scrubber to dissolve the low-concentration soluble pollutants of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in the waste gas;

[0012] As the exhaust gas rises, the solid particles in it collide with the water droplets due to inertia and are captured and settle to the bottom;

[0013] Wastewater containing pollutants is discharged from the bottom of the water washing tower;

[0014] The clean gas after water washing is discharged from the top of the water washing tower and enters the alkali washing tower from the side of the alkali washing tower;

[0015] The acidic gas in the exhaust gas comes into contact with the alkaline solution in the tower, undergoing a neutralization reaction to generate corresponding salts and water;

[0016] The clean gas after alkali washing is discharged from the top of the tower to the adsorption module; the salt solution generated by the neutralization reaction is discharged from the bottom of the alkali washing tower.

[0017] Preferably, in the activated carbon adsorption, the activated carbon has a large specific surface area and a microporous structure, and adsorbs organic compounds, heavy metal vapors, and low-concentration inorganic gases in the exhaust gas on the surface through physical adsorption;

[0018] The steam adsorption is a chemical process of heat transfer and substance separation. Steam is used to desorb saturated activated carbon, so that organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by high-temperature steam, and the organic matter is recovered by condensation to restore the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon.

[0019] Preferably, the PID control algorithm is used in combination with fuzzy control and neural network technology to realize the control of the exhaust gas treatment process. The specific process is:

[0020] S11. Collect key parameters related to flow rate, pressure, temperature and pollutant concentration during the exhaust gas treatment process through sensors;

[0021] S12, calculate the deviation between the set value and the actual value, and calculate the output of the PID controller based on the deviation. The calculation formula is:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, u(t) is the output of the PID controller at time t, e(t) is the deviation at time t, that is, the difference between the set value and the actual value, K p is the proportional gain, which determines the immediate response of the controller to the deviation, K i is the integral gain, which determines the controller's response to the accumulated deviation and is used to eliminate the steady-state error. d is the differential gain, which determines the controller's response to the rate of change of the deviation and is used to improve the stability of the system;

[0024] S13, according to the system state and deviation, the fuzzy controller is used to adjust the PID parameters;

[0025] S14. Use neural networks to predict system behavior, optimize the rules and PID parameters of the fuzzy controller, adjust the operating parameters of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, and realize the control of the exhaust gas treatment process.

[0026] Preferably, the valve opening, pump speed, and fan air volume are adjusted according to the instructions of the controller to adjust the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, specifically including:

[0027] The valve opening is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator to control the flow of the fluid. The calculation formula is:

[0028]

[0029] Where Q is the flow rate of the fluid, C v is the flow coefficient of the valve, ΔP is the pressure difference on both sides of the valve, ρ is the density of the fluid, and ρ0 is the density of the fluid under standard conditions;

[0030] The speed of the pump is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the output flow and pressure of the pump. At the same time, the speed of the fan is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the air volume of the fan. The calculation formula is:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] Among them, Q1 and Q2 are the flow rates before and after adjustment, H1 and H2 are the lifts before and after adjustment, P1 and P2 are the powers before and after adjustment, and n1 and n2 are the speeds before and after adjustment.

[0035] The present invention also provides an intelligent control method for waste gas treatment equipment, specifically:

[0036] The waste gas passes through the spray module, the water scrubber and the alkali scrubber for preliminary treatment. The treated pollutants are discharged from the bottom of the tower and the treated waste gas is transported to the adsorption module.

[0037] The treated waste gas undergoes primary and secondary adsorption through activated carbon adsorption technology to remove the remaining pollutants in the waste gas;

[0038] The saturated activated carbon is adsorbed by steam, the organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by high-temperature steam, and the activated carbon is condensed and recovered to restore the adsorption performance of the activated carbon;

[0039] The exhaust gas is treated by the adsorption module to remove pollutants to meet emission standards.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention integrates a spray module, an adsorption module, a controller module, and an actuator module for intelligent control. Compared with a single processing unit, it can better cope with changes in exhaust gas composition and flow rate, and improve the efficiency and stability of exhaust gas treatment. The exhaust gas is pre-treated by the spray module, and then the pollutants are adsorbed by the adsorption module. The exhaust gas composition and flow rate are monitored in real time through the intelligent control system, which can ensure that the exhaust gas treatment process complies with environmental protection regulations and emission standards, ensure that pollutants are effectively removed, and improve the exhaust gas purification capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the waste gas treatment equipment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the waste gas treatment process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0044] The intelligent control system of waste gas treatment equipment includes spray module, adsorption module, controller module and actuator module. The working principle of the spray section is to separate the pollutants in the gas and convert them into harmless substances to achieve the purpose of purifying the gas. The waste gas treatment equipment belongs to the differential contact countercurrent type. The filler in the tower is the basic component of the gas-liquid two-phase contact, which can provide a large enough surface area to promote gas-liquid mass transfer without causing excessive resistance. Figure 1 The spray module includes a water scrubber and an alkali scrubber. The water scrubber removes solid particles, some soluble pollutants and low-concentration acidic gases in the exhaust gas based on physical dissolution and inertial collision; the alkali scrubber removes sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen chloride acidic gases in the exhaust gas based on chemical neutralization reaction. The specific process is as follows:

[0045] The waste gas to be treated enters from the side of the water scrubber;

[0046] The water scrubber is equipped with a spray system inside, which uses a high-pressure pump to spray water into fine droplets to form a water curtain or water mist, which fully contacts the rising exhaust gas, dissolves low-concentration sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and other soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas, and forms an acidic solution;

[0047] As the exhaust gas rises, the solid particles in it collide with the water droplets due to inertia and are captured and settle to the bottom;

[0048] Wastewater containing pollutants is discharged from the bottom of the water washing tower;

[0049] The clean gas after water washing is discharged from the top of the water washing tower and enters the alkali washing tower from the side of the alkali washing tower;

[0050] The acidic gas in the exhaust gas comes into contact with the alkaline solution in the tower, undergoing a neutralization reaction to generate corresponding salts and water;

[0051] The clean gas after alkali washing is discharged from the top of the tower to the adsorption module for further treatment; the salt solution generated by the neutralization reaction is discharged from the bottom of the alkali washing tower for treatment or recovery.

[0052] After the alkaline washing tower has been operating normally for a period of time, its circulating liquid will reach a certain saturation concentration of pollutants. In order to ensure the normal operation of the water washing tower, an artificial sewage discharge outlet is installed at the bottom, which is connected to the centralized sewage pipe for regular discharge of the circulating liquid in the tower. The discharged waste liquid needs to be treated to prevent secondary pollution to the environment, and fresh alkaline solution should be replaced in time to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the alkaline washing tower.

[0053] The alkali washing tower supplies alkali liquid to the alkali washing tower through the circulating liquid supply system to ensure the continuous supply of alkali liquid, so as to ensure the continuous progress of the chemical reaction in the alkali washing tower. Atomizing nozzles are also installed inside the alkali washing tower to atomize the alkali liquid into fine droplets, so that the alkali liquid is evenly distributed in the alkali washing tower, increasing the contact area between the alkali liquid and the gas, improving the efficiency of the chemical reaction, and ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the alkali washing tower.

[0054] In a further embodiment, the waste gas treated by the spray module enters the adsorption module, and the adsorption capacity of the solid surface is used to make the waste gas contact with the porous solid material with a large surface area, and the pollutants in the waste gas are adsorbed on the solid surface, so that they are separated from the gas mixture, thereby achieving the purpose of purification. The adsorption module includes activated carbon adsorption and steam adsorption. In activated carbon adsorption, the activated carbon has a large specific surface area and a microporous structure, and the organic compounds, heavy metal vapors, and low-concentration inorganic gases in the waste gas are adsorbed on the surface by physical adsorption; steam adsorption is a chemical process of heat transfer and material separation, and steam is used to desorb the saturated activated carbon, so that the organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by the high-temperature steam, and the organic matter is recovered by condensation to restore the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon.

[0055] In a further embodiment, during the exhaust gas transportation process, a PID control algorithm is used, combined with fuzzy control and neural network technology, to achieve control of the exhaust gas treatment process, referring to Figure 2 , the specific process is:

[0056] S11. Collect key parameters related to flow rate, pressure, temperature and pollutant concentration during the exhaust gas treatment process through sensors;

[0057] S12, calculate the deviation between the set value and the actual value, and calculate the output of the PID controller based on the deviation. The calculation formula is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, u(t) is the output of the PID controller at time t, e(t) is the deviation at time t, that is, the difference between the set value and the actual value, K p is the proportional gain, which determines the immediate response of the controller to the deviation, K i is the integral gain, which determines the controller's response to the accumulated deviation and is used to eliminate the steady-state error. d is the differential gain, which determines the controller's response to the rate of change of the deviation and is used to improve the stability of the system;

[0060] S13, according to the system state and deviation, the fuzzy controller is used to adjust the PID parameters, specifically:

[0061] S131, fuzzification, converting the precise input quantity of exhaust gas into fuzzy sets;

[0062] S132, fuzzy reasoning, reasoning according to fuzzy rules to obtain fuzzy output;

[0063] S133, using the maximum membership method, defuzzification, converting the fuzzy output into an accurate control signal, the calculation formula is:

[0064] y*=argmax y μ(y);

[0065] Among them, y * is the exact output after defuzzification, μ(y) is the membership function of the output variable y;

[0066] S14. Use neural networks to predict system behavior, optimize the rules and PID parameters of the fuzzy controller, adjust the operating parameters of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, and realize the control of the exhaust gas treatment process.

[0067] In a further embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment device adjusts the valve opening, the speed of the pump, and the air volume of the fan according to the instructions of the controller to adjust the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment device, specifically including:

[0068] The valve opening is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator to control the flow of the fluid. The calculation formula is:

[0069]

[0070] Where Q is the flow rate of the fluid, C v is the flow coefficient of the valve, ΔP is the pressure difference on both sides of the valve, ρ is the density of the fluid, and ρ0 is the density of the fluid under standard conditions;

[0071] The speed of the pump is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the output flow and pressure of the pump. At the same time, the speed of the fan is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the air volume of the fan. The calculation formula is:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Among them, Q1 and Q2 are the flow rates before and after adjustment, H1 and H2 are the lifts before and after adjustment, P1 and P2 are the powers before and after adjustment, and n1 and n2 are the speeds before and after adjustment.

[0076] In this embodiment, the PID control algorithm adjusts the control quantity quickly and accurately according to the deviation between the set value and the actual value through the adjustment of the three links of proportion, integration and differentiation, thereby improving the control accuracy of the system; the fuzzy control uses the reasoning mechanism of fuzzy logic to enable the system to adapt to various complex working environments and changes in conditions and enhance the robustness of the system; the neural network technology has the ability of self-learning and self-adaptation, and can learn the dynamic characteristics of the system through training, thereby optimizing the control strategy and improving the control effect. Combining these three methods, the valve opening, pump speed, fan air volume, etc. can be accurately controlled to accurately control the exhaust gas treatment process, which can optimize the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, improve energy efficiency, reduce operating costs, and enable the exhaust gas treatment system to achieve intelligent control, reduce manual intervention, and improve the level of automation.

[0077] In a further embodiment, the present invention also provides an intelligent control method for exhaust gas treatment equipment, specifically:

[0078] The waste gas passes through the spray module and the water scrubber. The water mist sprayed from the nozzle is fully in contact with the waste gas, and the physical and chemical effects of water are used to remove particulate matter and some soluble gases in the waste gas. The waste gas that has been preliminarily treated by the water scrubber enters the alkali scrubber, and the alkali scrubber neutralizes the acidic components in the waste gas to further remove harmful gases. The waste gas is preliminarily treated, and the treated pollutants are discharged from the bottom of the tower. The treated waste gas is transported to the adsorption module.

[0079] The treated waste gas enters the adsorption module, and uses the large specific surface area and rich microporous structure of activated carbon to perform primary and secondary adsorption through activated carbon adsorption technology to remove the remaining pollutants in the waste gas;

[0080] The saturated activated carbon is adsorbed by high-temperature steam, the organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by the high-temperature steam, and the activated carbon is condensed and recovered to restore the adsorption performance of the activated carbon;

[0081] The exhaust gas is treated by the adsorption module to remove pollutants to meet emission standards.

[0082] In this embodiment, the intelligent control method of waste gas treatment equipment integrates multiple treatment units and intelligent control strategies. Through alkaline washing-alkaline washing-secondary activated carbon adsorption-steam desorption-condensation recovery waste gas treatment equipment, it can achieve effective removal of various pollutants in the waste gas, such as VOCs, SOx, and NOx, and achieve precise control of the treatment process through an intelligent control system, thereby reducing pollutant emissions in industrial production processes and protecting the environment and human health.

[0083] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment, characterized in that: Including spray module, adsorption module, controller module and actuator module; The spray module includes a water scrubber and an alkali scrubber, which are used to control the circulating liquid supply system in the spray tower, ensure the normal operation of the atomizing nozzle, and achieve efficient contact between the gas and liquid phases; The adsorption module includes activated carbon adsorption and steam adsorption, which are used to control the adsorption and desorption process of the activated carbon layer, and realize the regeneration of the activated carbon by intelligently adjusting the adsorption air valve and steam valve; The controller module adopts PID control algorithm, combined with fuzzy control and neural network technology, to achieve control of the exhaust gas treatment process; The actuator module adjusts the valve opening, the speed of the pump, and the air volume of the fan according to the instructions of the controller to adjust the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment equipment.

2. The intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water scrubber removes solid particles, some soluble pollutants and low-concentration acidic gases in the waste gas based on physical dissolution and inertial collision; the alkali scrubber removes sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen chloride acidic gases in the waste gas based on chemical neutralization reaction. The specific process is as follows: The waste gas to be treated enters from the side of the water scrubber; The waste gas comes into contact with the spray water in the water scrubber to dissolve the low-concentration soluble pollutants of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in the waste gas; As the exhaust gas rises, the solid particles in it collide with the water droplets due to inertia and are captured and settle to the bottom; Wastewater containing pollutants is discharged from the bottom of the water washing tower; The clean gas after water washing is discharged from the top of the water washing tower and enters the alkali washing tower from the side of the alkali washing tower; The acidic gas in the exhaust gas comes into contact with the alkaline solution in the tower, undergoing a neutralization reaction to generate corresponding salts and water; The clean gas after alkali washing is discharged from the top of the tower to the adsorption module; the salt solution generated by the neutralization reaction is discharged from the bottom of the alkali washing tower.

3. The intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the activated carbon adsorption, the activated carbon has a large specific surface area and a microporous structure, and adsorbs organic compounds, heavy metal vapors, and low-concentration inorganic gases in the exhaust gas on the surface through physical adsorption; The steam adsorption is a chemical process of heat transfer and substance separation. Steam is used to desorb saturated activated carbon, so that organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by high-temperature steam, and the organic matter is recovered by condensation to restore the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon.

4. The intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The PID control algorithm is used, combined with fuzzy control and neural network technology, to realize the control of the exhaust gas treatment process. The specific process is as follows: S11. Collect key parameters related to flow rate, pressure, temperature and pollutant concentration during the exhaust gas treatment process through sensors; S12, calculate the deviation between the set value and the actual value, and calculate the output of the PID controller based on the deviation. The calculation formula is: Among them, u(t) is the output of the PID controller at time t, e(t) is the deviation at time t, that is, the difference between the set value and the actual value, K p is the proportional gain, which determines the immediate response of the controller to the deviation, K i is the integral gain, which determines the controller's response to the accumulated deviation and is used to eliminate the steady-state error. d is the differential gain, which determines the controller's response to the rate of change of the deviation and is used to improve the stability of the system; S13, according to the system state and deviation, the fuzzy controller is used to adjust the PID parameters; S14. Use neural networks to predict system behavior, optimize the rules and PID parameters of the fuzzy controller, adjust the operating parameters of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, and realize the control of the exhaust gas treatment process.

5. The intelligent control system for waste gas treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the instructions of the controller, the valve opening, the speed of the pump, and the air volume of the fan are adjusted to adjust the operating state of the exhaust gas treatment equipment, specifically including: The valve opening is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator to control the flow of the fluid. The calculation formula is: Where Q is the flow rate of the fluid, C v is the flow coefficient of the valve, ΔP is the pressure difference on both sides of the valve, ρ is the density of the fluid, and ρ0 is the density of the fluid under standard conditions; The speed of the pump is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the output flow and pressure of the pump. At the same time, the speed of the fan is adjusted by the frequency converter to control the air volume of the fan. The calculation formula is: Among them, Q1 and Q2 are the flow rates before and after adjustment, H1 and H2 are the lifts before and after adjustment, P1 and P2 are the powers before and after adjustment, and n1 and n2 are the speeds before and after adjustment.

6. An intelligent control method for waste gas treatment equipment, characterized in that: Specifically: The waste gas passes through the spray module, the water scrubber and the alkali scrubber for preliminary treatment. The treated pollutants are discharged from the bottom of the tower and the treated waste gas is transported to the adsorption module. The treated waste gas undergoes primary and secondary adsorption through activated carbon adsorption technology to remove the remaining pollutants in the waste gas; The saturated activated carbon is adsorbed by steam, the organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon is taken away by high-temperature steam, and the activated carbon is condensed and recovered to restore the adsorption performance of the activated carbon; The exhaust gas is treated by the adsorption module to remove pollutants to meet emission standards.

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