Path planning method, system, equipment and medium for polishing front and rear edges of flexible abrasive tool

Abstract

This invention discloses a path planning method, system, equipment, and medium for grinding and polishing the leading and trailing edges of flexible abrasive tools. The method extracts the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the integral bladed disk model; constructs pseudo-V-lines by extending and offsetting the hub and shroud; generates initial toolpath information based on the geometric features of the abrasive tool; and optimizes the toolpath and tool axis information to obtain optimized toolpath information. This invention can generate highly consistent toolpath information, effectively solving the problem of large changes in the tool axis vector between each toolpath during the grinding and polishing process, achieving high-quality grinding and polishing of the leading and trailing edges, improving processing accuracy and efficiency. It is suitable for flexible abrasive tool path planning for grinding and polishing the leading and trailing edges of integral bladed disks and is suitable for widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of CNC machining technology, and in particular to a path planning method, system, equipment and medium for grinding and polishing the front and rear edges of flexible abrasives. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of high-end equipment such as aero-engines and gas turbines, the integrated bladed disk (IBR) is one of the key components. The IBR integrates the blades and disk into a single design and manufacture, resulting in advantages such as light weight, high strength, and good overall rigidity. This structure effectively improves the engine's power-to-weight ratio and fuel efficiency while reducing vibration and stress concentration. However, the manufacturing process of the IBR is complex, requiring extremely high precision and surface quality, especially for the leading and trailing edges of the blades, which have complex geometries and are difficult to machine, making them one of the most challenging parts in the manufacturing process. The leading and trailing edges of the IBR are critical to aerodynamic performance, and their geometry directly affects the engine's aerodynamic efficiency and fuel consumption. The machining of the leading edge needs to ensure its smooth and continuous shape to reduce airflow separation and drag; the machining of the trailing edge requires precise control of its thickness and shape to reduce wake loss. Therefore, during the grinding and polishing process, the machining quality of the leading and trailing edges directly affects the performance and service life of the IBR. Traditional path planning methods for polishing the leading and trailing edges of blades rely primarily on experience and simple geometric derivations. These methods can only meet certain processing requirements and have the following shortcomings: 1. Large tool axis vector variation: During polishing, the polishing tool needs to move along the complex curved surface of the blade. Due to the drastic changes in the geometry of the blade's leading and trailing edges, traditional path planning methods struggle to accurately control the tool axis vector, leading to frequent tool adjustments during processing. This frequent adjustment not only increases processing time but also easily causes tool wear and processing errors. 2. Low processing accuracy: The complex geometry of the blade's leading and trailing edges makes path planning extremely difficult. Traditional methods cannot accurately describe the surface characteristics of the blade, resulting in the polishing tool not being able to closely conform to the blade surface for processing, thus affecting processing accuracy. Especially in the high-precision manufacturing of aero-engines and gas turbines, insufficient processing accuracy directly affects product performance and reliability. 3. Low processing efficiency: Traditional path planning methods typically rely on manual adjustments and multiple trials, which not only consumes a significant amount of time and manpower but also reduces processing efficiency. Due to the large changes in the tool axis vector, the grinding wheel needs frequent attitude adjustments during machining, resulting in slow machining speeds and difficulty in meeting the requirements of high-efficiency production. IV. Severe Grinding Wheel Wear: Frequent tool attitude adjustments and unstable grinding paths lead to uneven wear on the grinding wheel during machining. This uneven wear not only reduces the service life of the grinding wheel but also affects machining quality and increases production costs. V. Unavoidable Interference Problems: During the grinding and polishing of integral bladed disks, interference easily occurs between the grinding wheel and the blades due to the narrow spacing between the blades. Traditional path planning methods lack effective interference detection and avoidance mechanisms, causing the grinding wheel to easily collide with the blades during machining, resulting in damage to the blade surface and the grinding wheel itself.

[0003] The above problems urgently need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the related technical problems, this invention provides a path planning method, system, equipment, and medium for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing, thereby resolving the issues mentioned in the background section above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a path planning method for the leading and trailing edges of a flexible abrasive tool for grinding and polishing, the method comprising:

[0007] Input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters;

[0008] Based on the overall bladed disk model, the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the overall bladed disk are extracted;

[0009] The Hub and Shroud are extended.

[0010] The Hub and Shroud are biased to construct a pseudo-V-line;

[0011] Initial toolpath information is generated based on the geometric features of the mold;

[0012] Based on the initial toolpath information, the toolpath information and tool axis information are optimized to obtain optimized toolpath information.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the optimization of the toolpath information and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information further includes: calculating the interference range between the grinding wheel and the overall impeller during the grinding and polishing process, and adjusting the initial toolpath based on the interference range.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the input of the integral bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters may further include:

[0015] The overall bladed disk model is obtained through 3D modeling software or 3D scanning.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the geometric features of the entire bladed disc are extracted, including:

[0017] Extract the curvature and slope information of the front and rear edges of the blades of the entire bladed disc.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the extended processing of the Hub and Shroud includes:

[0019] The Hub and Shroud are extended to achieve a smooth transition of the mold in the boundary region of the leading and trailing edges of the integral bladed disk blade.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the biasing process applied to the Hub and Shroud to construct a pseudo-V-line includes:

[0021] The Hub and Shroud are biased to construct a pseudo-V-line, which is then used as a reference line for path planning so that the abrasive tool can uniformly cover the entire surface of the front and rear edges during the polishing process.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the initial toolpath information includes, but is not limited to, the motion path and orientation of the grinding tool; the motion path of the grinding tool is generated based on, but not limited to, the geometric features of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk and the shape of the grinding tool; the orientation of the grinding tool is adjusted according to the path planning to ensure that the grinding tool closely fits the blade surface, wherein the angle and direction of the grinding tool are dynamically adjusted according to the curvature changes of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a path planning system for the leading and trailing edges of a flexible abrasive tool for grinding and polishing, the system comprising:

[0024] The input module is used to input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters;

[0025] The feature extraction module is used to extract the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the overall bladed disk based on the overall bladed disk model.

[0026] An extension processing module is used to extend the Hub and Shroud;

[0027] The pseudo-V-line construction module is used to bias the Hub and Shroud to construct a pseudo-V-line;

[0028] The first toolpath information generation module is used to generate initial toolpath information based on the geometric features of the mold.

[0029] The second path information generation module is used to optimize the toolpath information and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information to obtain optimized toolpath information.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores program data, and the processor retrieves the program data stored in the memory to execute the path planning method for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive grinding wheel as provided in the first aspect above.

[0031] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the path planning method for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool as provided in the first aspect above.

[0032] The technical solution proposed in this invention extracts the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the integral bladed disk (IBD) model. A pseudo-V-line is constructed by extending and offsetting the hub and shroud. Initial toolpath information is generated based on the geometric features of the grinding tool. The interference range between the grinding tool and the IBD during the grinding and polishing process is calculated, and the toolpath and tool axis information are optimized to obtain optimized toolpath information. The technical solution proposed in this invention can generate highly consistent toolpath information, effectively solving the problem of large changes in the tool axis vector between each toolpath during the grinding and polishing process. This achieves high-quality grinding and polishing of the leading and trailing edges, improving machining accuracy and efficiency. It is suitable for flexible grinding tool path planning for grinding and polishing the leading and trailing edges of IBDs and is suitable for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate and understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the background technology and embodiment descriptions of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the path planning method for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive grinding and polishing process provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the U-shaped line effect after front and rear edge offset according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the U-line offset achieved by the number of samples and each sub-layer, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This invention provides a method for generating and optimizing pseudo-V-line diagrams in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figures 5a-5d This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of calculating the leading and trailing edge paths of different bladed disks provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the path planning system for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive tool provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the path planning method for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive wheel during polishing, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the path planning method 100 for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive wheel during polishing in this embodiment includes:

[0043] S101. Input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters;

[0044] S102. Based on the overall bladed disk model, extract the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the overall bladed disk;

[0045] S103. Perform an extension process on the Hub and Shroud;

[0046] S104. Bias the Hub and Shroud to construct a pseudo-V-line;

[0047] S105. Generate initial toolpath information based on the geometric features of the grinding wheel;

[0048] S106. Based on the initial toolpath information, optimize the toolpath information and tool axis information to obtain optimized toolpath information.

[0049] In this embodiment, the processing parameters include, but are not limited to, grinding and polishing speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The grinding wheel parameters include, but are not limited to, grinding wheel size, shape, material, and elastic modulus. The processing parameters and the grinding wheel parameters have a significant impact on path planning and grinding and polishing results.

[0050] In this embodiment, the processing parameters need to be set according to specific processing requirements and equipment capabilities. The grinding and polishing speed and feed rate directly affect the grinding and polishing effect and processing time. The selection of the cutting depth needs to take into account the blade material and grinding wheel characteristics to avoid over-grinding or under-grinding.

[0051] In this embodiment, the grinding wheel parameters are crucial factors that must be considered in path planning. The size and shape of the grinding wheel affect the contact method between the grinding wheel and the blade surface, as well as the grinding and polishing effect. The grinding wheel material and elastic modulus determine the hardness and flexibility of the grinding wheel, directly impacting its adaptability and lifespan during the grinding and polishing process.

[0052] In this embodiment, the input of the integral bladed disk model, machining parameters, and grinding wheel parameters further includes, prior to, obtaining the integral bladed disk model through 3D modeling software or 3D scanning. The geometric features of the integral bladed disk blades are extracted using the integral bladed disk model, including but not limited to extracting the curvature and slope information of the leading and trailing edges of the blades. These features are directly related to ensuring that the grinding wheel moves along the leading and trailing edges of the blades to achieve efficient and high-precision grinding and polishing. Considering the complexity of the blade surface, it is ensured that the extracted geometric features accurately reflect the true morphology of the blade.

[0053] In this embodiment, the curvature and slope information of the leading and trailing edges are used to guide the grinding wheel path planning, ensuring that the grinding wheel can closely conform to the blade surface for grinding and polishing. Areas with large curvature changes require special attention to avoid over-grinding or under-grinding in these areas.

[0054] In this embodiment, the Hub and Shroud are extended and offset to construct a pseudo-V-line, thereby optimizing the tool path planning to better adapt to the blade's geometry. Extending the Hub and Shroud increases the flexibility of path planning, allowing the tool to smoothly transition at the boundary regions of the leading and trailing edges, reducing abrupt changes in the tool path. Offsetting the Hub and Shroud involves translating them by a preset distance to construct a pseudo-V-line. This pseudo-V-line serves as a reference line for path planning, ensuring that the tool uniformly covers the entire surface of the leading and trailing edges during the polishing process.

[0055] In this embodiment, the initial toolpath information includes, but is not limited to, the motion path and orientation of the grinding tool; the motion path of the grinding tool is generated based on, but not limited to, the geometric features of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk and the shape of the grinding tool; the orientation of the grinding tool is adjusted according to the path planning to ensure that the grinding tool closely fits the blade surface, wherein the angle and direction of the grinding tool are dynamically adjusted according to the curvature changes of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk.

[0056] For example, the optimization of the toolpath and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information includes, beforehand, calculating the interference range between the grinding wheel and the overall impeller during the grinding and polishing process, and adjusting the initial toolpath according to the interference range to avoid interference. The tool axis is optimized to reduce the change in tool axis vector between each toolpath. It is worth noting that interference detection is a key step in path planning. By calculating the possible interference areas between the grinding wheel and the blade during the grinding and polishing process, these areas are identified and avoided in advance to prevent collisions between the grinding wheel and the blade. The initial toolpath is adjusted based on the interference detection results. The adjusted toolpath avoids all interference areas, ensuring that the grinding wheel can smoothly complete the grinding and polishing operation. In this embodiment, tool axis optimization is to reduce the frequent adjustments of the grinding wheel's posture during the grinding and polishing process. By optimizing the tool axis's movement path, the smooth change of the tool axis vector can be maintained, reducing impact and grinding wheel wear during processing.

[0057] In this embodiment, the final optimized toolpath information includes detailed motion path and tool axis posture data of the grinding wheel. The detailed motion path and tool axis posture data of the grinding wheel are stored and transmitted in a format that the CNC system can recognize and execute. This data is then input into the CNC system, which uses this information to control the motion and posture of the grinding wheel, ensuring that the grinding wheel can perform high-precision grinding and polishing according to the planned path.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the Hub and Shroud surfaces are extended (three times the mold radius) and offset (allowance + mold radius).

[0059] The U-shaped lines machined at the front and rear edges are offset outwards by a distance equal to the machining allowance, which is used to calculate the extreme values ​​of interference.

[0060] The preprocessing (surface feature definition) is constructed from the pseudo-V-line to obtain the definitions of the four feature lines V0, V1, V2, and V3 at the front and rear edges. Then, only sample_params and bladeSamplePair need to be calculated.

[0061] In this embodiment, V0 is initially defined as the left side of the leading edge (feature line 1), V3 as the right side of the leading edge (feature line 4), V1 as the left side of the trailing edge (feature line 2), and V2 as the right side of the trailing edge (feature line 3), i.e., (4,1) is the leading edge and (2,3) is the trailing edge. To verify the accuracy of the definitions of the leading and trailing edges, the UV values ​​of the vertices of feature lines 1 and 2 are obtained, and the spatial coordinate values ​​are returned using the eval() function. If the x-value of 1 is less than the x-value of 2, then (1,4) is the leading edge; otherwise, (2,3) is the leading edge. If 1 and 4 are the leading edges, then the following assignment definition applies:

[0062] firstLeadingParam=featureParam4;

[0063] secondLeadingParam=featureParam1;

[0064] firstTrailingParam=featureParam2;

[0065] secondTrailingParam=featureParam3;

[0066] The definition of the preceding V-line of the leading and trailing edge V-lines is as follows:

[0067] leadingFirst=(firstLeadingParam-sideARatio)×rangeRatio;

[0068] leadingSecond=(secondLeadingParam+sideBRatio)×rangeRatio;

[0069] trailingFirst=(firstTrailingParam-sideBRatio)×rangeRatio;

[0070] trailingSecond=(secondTrailingParam+sideARatio)×rangeRatio;

[0071] If the process is machining the leading edge, then bladeSamplePair<leadingFirst,leadingSecond> If it is the trailing edge, then bladeSamplePair<trailingFirst,trailingSecond> At this point, the calculation of bladeSamplePair is complete.

[0072] In this implementation, the number of V-lines is typically set to, but not limited to, 25 at the leading and trailing edges. Now, the discrete distance of the V-lines is calculated. Within this discrete range, since the parameter definitions of the starting points (leading edge: V3→V0; trailing edge: V1→V2) have already been calculated, the range of the starting points can be determined.

[0073] startParam=firstLeadingParam×rangeRatio;

[0074] endParam=secondLeadingParam×rangeRatio;

[0075] Calculate the distance from the walk, and sample 25 points from 4 to 1.

[0076] Adding the starting point parameter to the discrete step size yields the feature definition of each V-line within the leading and trailing edge range. These parameter definitions are then placed in `sample_params`. After parameter calculation, `AppSurfOffset` can be called to offset the U-lines in the leading and trailing edge regions. The function of this call is to offset the U-lines outwards according to the 25 discrete parameters of the U-lines in the leading and trailing edge regions, sampling at 0.5 intervals on `u_range` to generate the offset U-lines. Taking Blisk18 as an example, `u_range = [8.27..., 41.38...]`, so the number of offset U-lines is: 33%0.5 = 66. The output result of the offset effect is as follows... Figure 2 As shown.

[0077] In this embodiment, the machining allowance of the U-shaped line machined at the front and rear edges is offset outwards by adding the tool radius. At this point, the distance between the U-shaped line and the front and rear edges is the actual distance from the tool's center point to the front and rear edges. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0078] Place 25 sampling points into sample_Params. There is also a pair of data in bladeSamplePair, which represents the previous V line of V0 and V3. Now put it into the sampling sample.

[0079] As the previous calculations show, 66 U-lines need to be offset, so 66 layers need to be created to achieve the U-line offset.

[0080] The U-line bias is achieved by adjusting the number of samples and various sub-divisions, and the output result is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0081] The process of generating and optimizing the pseudo-V-line is as follows:

[0082] Select the V-line with tolerance = 0.02 before and after the boundary line (V0, V3).

[0083] firstSampleParamFront=firstSampleParam-tolerance;

[0084] firstSampleParamAfter=firstSampleParam+tolerance;

[0085] lastSampleParamFront=firstSampleParam+tolerance;

[0086] lastSampleParamAfter=firstSampleParam-tolerance;

[0087] Determine the start and end boundary parameters: the start range is 0.02 before and after V3, and the end range is 0.02 before and after V0.

[0088] The generated pseudo-V line has 66 control points. We need to reduce it to 6 control points and then recreate 6 sub-layers.

[0089] Based on the determined boundary V-line parameters, V-lines with a distance of 0.02 before and after the leading edges of 1 and 4 can be determined. Through curve fitting, four boundary V-lines are output. By intersecting these four boundary V-lines with the 6 previously created sub-layers, 24 vertices can be obtained.

[0090] The control points within the starting range of the left and right boundaries of the V-line are optimized to make the V-line as smooth as possible. The optimized V-line generation effect is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0091] The interference check needs to return a boolean value; true indicates the interference check succeeded, otherwise it failed. The parameters required here are uClearanceCurves, uCurves, InsertMillingPath, and startEndIndex. These parameters are calculated below:

[0092] uClearanceCurves is the U-line after the first offset of the U-line at the leading and trailing edges, which has been calculated previously.

[0093] uCurves is the U-line after the second offset of the leading and trailing edges, which has been calculated previously.

[0094] Calculating the InsertMillingPath requires several parameters, primarily: startParam, endParam, IMpieceType, curveTCP, periodic, pathType, and passType. These parameters relate to the generated pseudo-V-line, but the pseudo-V-line's length is extended. It's necessary to intersect the pseudo-V-line with the hub and shroud to obtain its starting point, ensuring the pseudo-V-line's height matches the blade height. By determining the start and end points of the edges, the V-line is converted into edges, and the V-line is discretized based on the number of control points to obtain the control point positions. This allows for the calculation of toolpath information and the acquisition of the InsertMillingPath.

[0095] At this point, the parameters required for the interferometry check have been calculated and obtained. However, before proceeding with the interferometry check, it is necessary to establish a local coordinate system for each interferometry check point. The coordinate system can be implemented through the BliskIMTov tovCreator interface. Figures 5a-5d The algorithm results for the leading and trailing edge paths of blades on different bladed disks.

[0096] The path planning method 100 for grinding and polishing the leading and trailing edges of flexible abrasives proposed in this embodiment can generate highly consistent toolpath information. The optimized path not only improves processing efficiency but also effectively ensures the surface finish of the leading and trailing edges of the blades. Furthermore, this invention further improves the reliability of the system by establishing a local coordinate system and an interference check mechanism. The success of the interference check directly affects the stability of the grinding and polishing process, and the various parameter calculation methods and pseudo-V-line optimization technology introduced in this invention ensure the accuracy of each processing step.

[0097] The flexible abrasive grinding and polishing path planning method 100 proposed in this embodiment effectively solves the problem of large changes in tool axis vector between each tool path during the grinding and polishing process, realizes high-quality grinding and polishing of the front and rear edges, improves processing accuracy and efficiency, and is applicable to flexible abrasive grinding and polishing of the front and rear edges of integral bladed disks.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a path planning system for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool during polishing, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment proposes a path planning system 600 for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool during polishing, which includes:

[0100] Input module 601 is used to input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters;

[0101] The feature extraction module 602 is used to extract the geometric features of the blades, hub and shroud of the overall bladed disk based on the overall bladed disk model.

[0102] The extension processing module 603 is used to extend the Hub and Shroud;

[0103] The pseudo-V-line construction module 604 is used to bias the Hub and Shroud to construct a pseudo-V-line;

[0104] The first toolpath information generation module 605 is used to generate initial toolpath information based on the geometric features of the mold.

[0105] The second path information generation module 606 is used to optimize the toolpath information and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information to obtain optimized toolpath information.

[0106] In this embodiment, the processing parameters include, but are not limited to, grinding and polishing speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The grinding wheel parameters include, but are not limited to, grinding wheel size, shape, material, and elastic modulus. The processing parameters and the grinding wheel parameters have a significant impact on path planning and grinding and polishing results.

[0107] In this embodiment, the processing parameters must be set according to specific processing requirements and equipment capabilities. The polishing speed and feed rate directly affect the polishing effect and processing time. The selection of the cutting depth needs to consider the blade material and grinding wheel characteristics to avoid over-polishing or under-polishing. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel parameters are crucial factors that must be considered in path planning. The size and shape of the grinding wheel affect the contact method between the grinding wheel and the blade surface and the polishing effect. The grinding wheel material and elastic modulus determine the hardness and flexibility of the grinding wheel, directly affecting its adaptability and lifespan during the polishing process.

[0108] In this embodiment, the path planning system 600 for grinding and polishing the leading and trailing edges of the flexible abrasive tool further includes a model acquisition module, used to acquire the overall bladed disk model through 3D modeling software or 3D scanning. The geometric features of the blades of the overall bladed disk are extracted using the overall bladed disk model, including but not limited to extracting the curvature and slope information of the leading and trailing edges of the blades. These features are directly related to ensuring that the abrasive tool moves along the leading and trailing edges of the blades to achieve efficient and high-precision grinding and polishing. Considering the complexity of the blade surface, it is ensured that the extracted geometric features accurately reflect the true morphology of the blade.

[0109] In this embodiment, the curvature and slope information of the leading and trailing edges are used to guide the grinding wheel path planning, ensuring that the grinding wheel can closely conform to the blade surface for grinding and polishing. Areas with large curvature changes require special attention to avoid over-grinding or under-grinding in these areas.

[0110] In this embodiment, the Hub and Shroud are extended and offset to construct a pseudo-V-line, thereby optimizing the tool path planning to better adapt to the blade's geometry. Extending the Hub and Shroud increases the flexibility of path planning, allowing the tool to smoothly transition at the boundary regions of the leading and trailing edges, reducing abrupt changes in the tool path. Offsetting the Hub and Shroud involves translating them by a preset distance to construct a pseudo-V-line. This pseudo-V-line serves as a reference line for path planning, ensuring that the tool uniformly covers the entire surface of the leading and trailing edges during the polishing process.

[0111] In this embodiment, the initial toolpath information includes, but is not limited to, the motion path and orientation of the grinding tool; the motion path of the grinding tool is generated based on, but not limited to, the geometric features of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk and the shape of the grinding tool; the orientation of the grinding tool is adjusted according to the path planning to ensure that the grinding tool closely fits the blade surface, wherein the angle and direction of the grinding tool are dynamically adjusted according to the curvature changes of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk.

[0112] For example, the path planning system 600 for the leading and trailing edges of the flexible abrasive wheel further includes: an interference processing module, used to calculate the interference range between the abrasive wheel and the integral bladed disk during the polishing process, and adjust the initial toolpath according to the interference range to avoid interference. The tool axis is optimized to reduce the change in tool axis vector between each toolpath. It is worth mentioning that interference detection is a key step in path planning. By calculating the possible interference areas between the abrasive wheel and the blade during the polishing process, these areas are identified and avoided in advance to prevent collisions between the abrasive wheel and the blade. The initial toolpath is adjusted according to the interference detection results. The adjusted toolpath avoids all interference areas, ensuring that the abrasive wheel can smoothly complete the polishing operation. In this embodiment, tool axis optimization is to reduce the frequent adjustment of the abrasive wheel's posture during the polishing process. By optimizing the tool axis's movement path, the smooth change of the tool axis vector can be maintained, reducing impact and abrasive wheel wear during processing.

[0113] In this embodiment, the final optimized toolpath information includes detailed motion path and tool axis posture data of the grinding wheel. The detailed motion path and tool axis posture data of the grinding wheel are stored and transmitted in a format that the CNC system can recognize and execute. This data is then input into the CNC system, which uses this information to control the motion and posture of the grinding wheel, ensuring that the grinding wheel can perform high-precision grinding and polishing according to the planned path.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, the Hub and Shroud surfaces are extended (three times the mold radius) and offset (allowance + mold radius).

[0115] The U-shaped lines machined at the front and rear edges are offset outwards by a distance equal to the machining allowance, which is used to calculate the extreme values ​​of interference.

[0116] The preprocessing (surface feature definition) is constructed from the pseudo-V-line to obtain the definitions of the four feature lines V0, V1, V2, and V3 at the front and rear edges. Then, only sample_params and bladeSamplePair need to be calculated.

[0117] In this embodiment, V0 is initially defined as the left side of the leading edge (feature line 1), V3 as the right side of the leading edge (feature line 4), V1 as the left side of the trailing edge (feature line 2), and V2 as the right side of the trailing edge (feature line 3), i.e., (4,1) is the leading edge and (2,3) is the trailing edge. To verify the accuracy of the definitions of the leading and trailing edges, the UV values ​​of the vertices of feature lines 1 and 2 are obtained, and the spatial coordinate values ​​are returned using the eval() function. If the x-value of 1 is less than the x-value of 2, then (1,4) is the leading edge; otherwise, (2,3) is the leading edge. If 1 and 4 are the leading edges, then the following assignment definition applies:

[0118] firstLeadingParam=featureParam4;

[0119] secondLeadingParam=featureParam1;

[0120] firstTrailingParam=featureParam2;

[0121] secondTrailingParam=featureParam3;

[0122] The definition of the preceding V-line of the leading and trailing edge V-lines is as follows:

[0123] leadingFirst=(firstLeadingParam-sideARatio)×rangeRatio;

[0124] leadingSecond=(secondLeadingParam+sideBRatio)×rangeRatio;

[0125] trailingFirst=(firstTrailingParam-sideBRatio)×rangeRatio;

[0126] trailingSecond=(secondTrailingParam+sideARatio)×rangeRatio;

[0127] If the process is machining the leading edge, then bladeSamplePair<leadingFirst,leadingSecond> If it is the trailing edge, then bladeSamplePair<trailingFirst,trailingSecond> At this point, the calculation of bladeSamplePair is complete.

[0128] In this implementation, the number of V-lines is typically set to, but not limited to, 25 at the leading and trailing edges. Now, the discrete distance of the V-lines is calculated. Within this discrete range, since the parameter definitions of the starting points (leading edge: V3→V0; trailing edge: V1→V2) have already been calculated, the range of the starting points can be determined.

[0129] startParam=firstLeadingParam×rangeRatio;

[0130] endParam=secondLeadingParam×rangeRatio;

[0131] Calculate the distance from the walk, and sample 25 points from 4 to 1.

[0132] Adding the starting point parameter to the discrete step size yields the feature definition of each V-line within the leading and trailing edge range. These parameter definitions are then placed in `sample_params`. After parameter calculation, `AppSurfOffset` can be called to offset the U-lines in the leading and trailing edge regions. The function of this call is to offset the U-lines outwards according to the 25 discrete parameters of the U-lines in the leading and trailing edge regions, sampling at 0.5 intervals on `u_range` to generate the offset U-lines. Taking Blisk18 as an example, `u_range = [8.27..., 41.38...]`, so the number of offset U-lines is: 33%0.5 = 66. The output result of the offset effect is as follows... Figure 2 As shown.

[0133] In this embodiment, the machining allowance of the U-shaped line machined at the front and rear edges is offset outwards by adding the tool radius. At this point, the distance between the U-shaped line and the front and rear edges is the actual distance from the tool's center point to the front and rear edges. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0134] Place 25 sampling points into sample_Params. There is also a pair of data in bladeSamplePair, which represents the previous V line of V0 and V3. Now put it into the sampling sample.

[0135] As the previous calculations show, 66 U-lines need to be offset, so 66 layers need to be created to achieve the U-line offset.

[0136] The U-line bias is achieved by adjusting the number of samples and various sub-divisions, and the output result is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0137] The process of generating and optimizing the pseudo-V-line is as follows:

[0138] Select the V-line with tolerance = 0.02 before and after the boundary line (V0, V3).

[0139] firstSampleParamFront=firstSampleParam-tolerance;

[0140] firstSampleParamAfter=firstSampleParam+tolerance;

[0141] lastSampleParamFront=firstSampleParam+tolerance;

[0142] lastSampleParamAfter=firstSampleParam-tolerance;

[0143] Determine the start and end boundary parameters: the start range is 0.02 before and after V3, and the end range is 0.02 before and after V0.

[0144] The generated pseudo-V line has 66 control points. We need to reduce it to 6 control points and then recreate 6 sub-layers.

[0145] Based on the determined boundary V-line parameters, V-lines with a distance of 0.02 before and after the leading edges of 1 and 4 can be determined. Through curve fitting, four boundary V-lines are output. By intersecting these four boundary V-lines with the 6 previously created sub-layers, 24 vertices can be obtained.

[0146] The control points within the starting range of the left and right boundaries of the V-line are optimized to make the V-line as smooth as possible. The optimized V-line generation effect is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0147] The interference check needs to return a boolean value; true indicates the interference check succeeded, otherwise it failed. The parameters required here are uClearanceCurves, uCurves, InsertMillingPath, and startEndIndex. These parameters are calculated below:

[0148] uClearanceCurves is the U-line after the first offset of the U-line at the leading and trailing edges, which has been calculated previously.

[0149] uCurves is the U-line after the second offset of the leading and trailing edges, which has been calculated previously.

[0150] Calculating the InsertMillingPath requires several parameters, primarily: startParam, endParam, IMpieceType, curveTCP, periodic, pathType, and passType. These parameters relate to the generated pseudo-V-line, but the pseudo-V-line's length is extended. It's necessary to intersect the pseudo-V-line with the hub and shroud to obtain its starting point, ensuring the pseudo-V-line's height matches the blade height. By determining the start and end points of the edges, the V-line is converted into edges, and the V-line is discretized based on the number of control points to obtain the control point positions. This allows for the calculation of toolpath information and the acquisition of the InsertMillingPath.

[0151] At this point, the parameters required for the interferometry check have been calculated and obtained. However, before proceeding with the interferometry check, it is necessary to establish a local coordinate system for each interferometry check point. The coordinate system can be implemented through the BliskIMTov tovCreator interface. Figures 5a-5d The algorithm results for the leading and trailing edge paths of blades on different bladed disks.

[0152] The flexible abrasive wheel path planning system 600 for polishing the leading and trailing edges proposed in this embodiment can generate highly consistent toolpath information. The optimized path not only improves processing efficiency but also effectively ensures the surface finish of the blade's leading and trailing edges. Furthermore, this invention further enhances the system's reliability by establishing a local coordinate system and an interference check mechanism. The success of the interference check directly affects the stability of the polishing process, and the various parameter calculation methods and pseudo-V-line optimization technology introduced in this invention ensure the accuracy of each processing step. The flexible abrasive wheel path planning system 600 proposed in this embodiment effectively solves the problem of large tool axis vector changes between each toolpath during the polishing process, achieving high-quality polishing of the leading and trailing edges, improving processing accuracy and efficiency, and is suitable for flexible abrasive wheel path planning for polishing the leading and trailing edges of integral bladed disks.

[0153] Example 3

[0154] This embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor. The memory stores program data, and the processor retrieves the program data stored in the memory to execute the path planning method 100 for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool as provided in Embodiment 1 above. The specific implementation process of the processor can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar; therefore, it will not be repeated here. The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other general-purpose processors. The memory may include Random Access Memory (RAM), Non-volatile Memory (NVM), etc. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc.

[0155] Example 4

[0156] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to implement the path planning method 100 for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive grinding and polishing provided in Embodiment 1 above.

[0157] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A path planning method for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool for grinding and polishing, characterized in that, include: Input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters; Based on the overall bladed disk model, the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the overall bladed disk are extracted; The Hub and Shroud are extended. The Hub and Shroud are biased to construct a pseudo-V-line, which is then used as a reference line for path planning so that the abrasive tool can uniformly cover the entire surface of the front and rear edges during the polishing process. Initial toolpath information is generated based on the geometric features of the mold; Based on the initial toolpath information, the toolpath information and tool axis information are optimized to obtain optimized toolpath information.

2. The path planning method for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization of the toolpath information and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information also includes: calculating the interference range between the grinding tool and the overall impeller during the grinding and polishing process, and adjusting the initial toolpath based on the interference range.

3. The path planning method for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input of the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters also includes, prior to: The overall bladed disk model is obtained through 3D modeling software or 3D scanning.

4. The path planning method for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Extract the geometric features of the entire blade disc, including: Extract the curvature and slope information of the front and rear edges of the blades of the entire bladed disc.

5. The path planning method for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extended processing of the Hub and Shroud includes: The Hub and Shroud are extended to achieve a smooth transition of the mold in the boundary region of the leading and trailing edges of the integral bladed disk blade.

6. The path planning method for the front and rear edges of flexible abrasive grinding and polishing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial toolpath information includes, but is not limited to, the motion path and orientation of the grinding tool; the motion path of the grinding tool is generated based on, but is not limited to, the geometric features of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk and the shape of the grinding tool; the orientation of the grinding tool is adjusted according to the path planning to ensure that the grinding tool closely fits the blade surface, wherein the angle and direction of the grinding tool are dynamically adjusted according to the curvature changes of the leading and trailing edges of the blades of the integral bladed disk.

7. A path planning system for the front and rear edges of a flexible abrasive tool for grinding and polishing, characterized in that, include: The input module is used to input the overall bladed disk model, machining parameters, and mold parameters; The feature extraction module is used to extract the geometric features of the blades, hub, and shroud of the overall bladed disk based on the overall bladed disk model. An extension processing module is used to extend the Hub and Shroud; The pseudo-V-line construction module is used to bias the Hub and Shroud, construct pseudo-V-lines, and use the pseudo-V-lines as reference lines for path planning so that the abrasive tool can uniformly cover the entire surface of the front and rear edges during the grinding and polishing process. The first toolpath information generation module is used to generate initial toolpath information based on the geometric features of the mold. The second path information generation module is used to optimize the toolpath information and tool axis information based on the initial toolpath information to obtain optimized toolpath information.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores program data, and the processor retrieves the program data stored in the memory to execute the path planning method for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the path planning method for the front and rear edges of the flexible abrasive tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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