Water conservancy rain measuring radar planning and arranging method based on multi-factor condition

Abstract

A water conservancy rain measuring radar planning and arranging method based on multi-factor conditions belongs to the field of data analysis and processing, and comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of planning points on an electronic map through a division formula by referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rain measuring radars and combining the information data of existing hydrometric stations and the positions of built or under-building radars, important drainage basins and station networks are covered, and comparative analysis of rainfall is facilitated; checking actual position conditions of the planning points, eliminating positions with poor geological conditions in combination with positions of surrounding sensitive areas, and sequentially connecting the plurality of planning points according to altitude changes to form a target planning area; determining an actual detection range of the water conservancy rain detection radar in the target planning area in combination with a plurality of factor conditions, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain detection radar through an iterative operation function; by referring to territorial map data or natural resource map data, cultivated land, national forest land and ecological red line ranges are excluded so as to determine the position of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a planning and arrangement method of a water conservancy rainfall measuring radar based on multi-factor conditions. Background Art

[0002] Water conservancy rain measuring radar is the main tool for monitoring and warning of severe convective weather. Its working principle is to emit a series of pulsed electromagnetic waves and use the scattering and absorption of electromagnetic waves by precipitation particles to detect the spatial distribution and vertical structure of precipitation.

[0003] In order to obtain accurate rainfall monitoring information, it is necessary to plan and arrange the site selection of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; in general, the site selection of the water conservancy rain measuring radar should take into account the main detection coverage area of ​​the deployment, and there should be no obstructions such as tall buildings and tall trees near the site. At the same time, the radar deployment must meet the requirements of the water conservancy rain measuring radar network.

[0004] However, the existing planning and layout methods of water conservancy rain measuring radars are often set for a single water conservancy rain measuring radar, without considering the overall layout of the radar network, the spacing between radars and the topological structure, resulting in the effective detection coverage area of ​​the water conservancy rain measuring radar being too small to meet actual use needs. At the same time, there are few reference factors and conditions involved in the planning and layout process, which will cause the actual layout position of the water conservancy rain measuring radar to have a large deviation compared to the optimal layout position, thereby affecting the overall monitoring accuracy of the water conservancy rain measuring radar. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for planning and arranging a water conservancy rain measuring radar based on multiple factors. The method is reasonably designed, and the arrangement and site selection of a single water conservancy rain measuring radar are determined in combination with multiple relevant factors and the main detection coverage area of ​​the radar, and a networking topology structure is formed in combination with the specific networking requirements of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlapping coverage, but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of ​​the rain measuring radar network; at the same time, the networking topology structure of the radar is generally equilateral, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that within the detection coverage area of ​​the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously or fully covered by three or more radars in different directions, so that the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, improve the monitoring accuracy and efficiency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, and solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: A method for planning and arranging a hydraulic rain measuring radar based on multiple factors, the method comprising the following steps: S1, referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rainfall radars, combined with the information data of existing hydrological stations and the locations of radars that have been built or are under construction, multiple planning points are determined on the electronic map through the division formula to cover important watersheds and station networks and facilitate comparative analysis of rainfall; S2, check the actual location conditions of the planning points, combine the locations of the surrounding sensitive areas, exclude locations with poor geological conditions, and connect multiple planning points in sequence according to the altitude changes to form the target planning area; S3, determining the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the target planning area in combination with multiple factors, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; S4, refer to the national land map data or natural resource map data, exclude cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line range, to determine the location of water conservancy rainfall radar; S5, performs electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band water conservancy rain measuring radar, sets an adaptive working frequency band, and sets a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the water conservancy rain measuring radar to avoid interference with the radar receiving echo signals; S6. Determine the planned layout of the water conservancy rainfall radar based on the land use, geological conditions, power supply, communication, traffic and construction conditions of the target planning area.

[0007] The water conservancy rainfall measuring radar can form a network, and the adaptation distance between the two radars in the network is set to cover the key watershed range; the key watershed range at least includes the overlapping detection range and the key watershed area.

[0008] The topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral or a rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars at different locations, thereby enabling the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

[0009] The division formula is: ; where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r(t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component received and sent by the water conservancy rain measuring radar; c(t) is the calibration supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rain measuring radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately feedback the correlation between the clearance conditions and electromagnetic conditions of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0010] The detection coverage area variables of the water conservancy rainfall radar include densely populated central urban areas and the distribution directions of major water systems.

[0011] The clearance condition variables include obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar. The obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar have an elevation angle of no more than 0.5° to block the radar electromagnetic waves, and the obstacles in other directions have an elevation angle of no more than 1° to block the radar electromagnetic waves; the obstruction azimuth angle of the obstacles is no more than 1°, and the total obstruction azimuth angle is no more than 5°; at the same time, there should be no obstructions higher than the installation platform of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the effective detection azimuth of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0012] The operating frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variable is 9.3-9.5 GHz, and the water conservancy rain measuring radar selects an unused frequency point among them. Therefore, when planning and selecting the site for the water conservancy rain measuring radar, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to those of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, so as to avoid interference with the radar receiving the echo signal; the operating frequency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar should not interfere with other radio communication equipment.

[0013] The iterative operation function is: ; in, Represents the current iteration number, Meaning: The actual detection range at the iteration No. The displacement deviation in the dimensional direction, It means the current position of the actual detection range. It means the global optimal position of the actual detection range. It means the local optimal position of the actual detection range. Represents the reference weight to adjust the search capability of the actual detection range. and Expressed as an optimization constant, it is possible to fine-tune the boundaries of the actual detection range.

[0014] Said and The value will be set between 10 and 20. It indicates individual learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is conducive to fine search in the local area of ​​the actual detection range; It represents the global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the degree of response regression of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0015] The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power is ≥5KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is an end-to-end optical fiber data transmission line with a central bandwidth of ≥50Mbps.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above method, determines multiple planning points on an electronic map through the information data of existing hydrological stations and the positions of radars that have been built or are under construction through a division formula; by checking the actual position conditions of the planning points, combining the positions of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding positions with poor geological conditions, and sequentially connecting multiple planning points according to altitude changes to form a target planning area; analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line ranges by referring to land map data or natural resource map data to determine the position of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; and determining the planned layout position of the water conservancy rain measuring radar by combining the land use conditions, geological conditions, power supply conditions, communication conditions, traffic conditions and construction conditions of the target planning area, which has the advantages of accuracy, efficiency, safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the actual planning of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown in, a method for planning and arranging water conservancy rain measuring radars based on multi-factor conditions includes the following steps: S1, referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rainfall radars, combined with the information data of existing hydrological stations and the locations of radars that have been built or are under construction, multiple planning points are determined on the electronic map through the division formula to cover important watersheds and station networks and facilitate comparative analysis of rainfall; S2, check the actual location conditions of the planning points, combine the locations of the surrounding sensitive areas, exclude locations with poor geological conditions, and connect multiple planning points in sequence according to the altitude changes to form the target planning area; S3, determining the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the target planning area in combination with multiple factors, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; S4, refer to the national land map data or natural resource map data, exclude cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line range, to determine the location of water conservancy rainfall radar; S5, performs electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band water conservancy rain measuring radar, sets an adaptive working frequency band, and sets a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the water conservancy rain measuring radar to avoid interference with the radar receiving echo signals; S6. Determine the planned layout of the water conservancy rainfall radar based on the land use, geological conditions, power supply, communication, traffic and construction conditions of the target planning area.

[0022] The water conservancy rainfall measuring radar can form a network, and the adaptation distance between the two radars in the network is set to cover the key watershed range; the key watershed range at least includes the overlapping detection range and the key watershed area.

[0023] The topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral or a rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars at different locations, thereby enabling the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

[0024] The division formula is: ; where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r(t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component received and sent by the water conservancy rain measuring radar; c(t) is the calibration supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rain measuring radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately feedback the correlation between the clearance conditions and electromagnetic conditions of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0025] The detection coverage area variables of the water conservancy rainfall radar include densely populated central urban areas and the distribution directions of major water systems.

[0026] The clearance condition variables include obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar. The obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar have an elevation angle of no more than 0.5° to block the radar electromagnetic waves, and the obstacles in other directions have an elevation angle of no more than 1° to block the radar electromagnetic waves; the obstruction azimuth angle of the obstacles is no more than 1°, and the total obstruction azimuth angle is no more than 5°; at the same time, there should be no obstructions higher than the installation platform of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the effective detection azimuth of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0027] The operating frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variable is 9.3-9.5 GHz, and the water conservancy rain measuring radar selects an unused frequency point among them. Therefore, when planning and selecting the site for the water conservancy rain measuring radar, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to those of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, so as to avoid interference with the radar receiving the echo signal; the operating frequency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar should not interfere with other radio communication equipment.

[0028] The iterative operation function is: ; in, Represents the current iteration number, Meaning: The actual detection range at the iteration No. The displacement deviation in the dimensional direction, It means the current position of the actual detection range. It means the global optimal position of the actual detection range. It means the local optimal position of the actual detection range. Represents the reference weight to adjust the search capability of the actual detection range. and Expressed as an optimization constant, it is possible to fine-tune the boundaries of the actual detection range.

[0029] Said and The value will be set between 10 and 20. It indicates individual learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is conducive to fine search in the local area of ​​the actual detection range; It represents the global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the degree of response regression of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0030] The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power is ≥5KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is an end-to-end optical fiber data transmission line with a central bandwidth of ≥50Mbps.

[0031] The working principle of the multi-factor-based water conservancy rain measuring radar planning and layout method in the embodiment of the present invention is: combining multiple relevant factors and the main detection coverage area of ​​the radar to determine the layout and site selection of a single water conservancy rain measuring radar, and forming a networking topology structure in combination with the specific networking requirements of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlapping coverage, but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of ​​the rain measuring radar network; at the same time, the radar networking topology structure is generally equilateral, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that within the detection coverage area of ​​the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously or fully covered by three or more radars in different directions, so that the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy and efficiency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0032] In general, the site selection of water conservancy rainfall radar must take into account the main detection coverage area of ​​the deployed radar, and there should be no tall buildings, tall trees and other obstructions around the site selection area; if the beam width of the water conservancy radar is 1.8°, in order to maximize the detection and monitoring potential of the water conservancy rainfall radar for small-scale severe convective rainfall systems in the medium and low airspace, the ideal detection elevation angle of the radar is 0.9°; in this way, the scanning plane at the bottom of the beam is parallel to the horizontal plane, and in the main detection direction of the radar, it is best not to have ground obstructions higher than the radar installation platform; α represents the pitch obstruction angle, if 0°≤α≤0.9°, half of the beam is obstructed for the first layer of beams, which has little effect on detection. If 0.9°≤α≤1.8°, the first layer of beams is fully obstructed.

[0033] At the same time, the deployment of water conservancy rain measuring radars must comply with the requirements of water conservancy rain measuring radar networking, and the adaptation distance between the two radars in the network should be set to cover the key watershed range; the topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars in different directions, so that the radar network can obtain rich and complete detection information; the distance between radar sites should be 40km-50km, and can fluctuate between 20km-60km. If the distance is too large, the sites should be encrypted in the later stage.

[0034] In the overall plan, the planning and layout method includes the following steps: referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rain measuring radars, combining the information data of existing hydrological stations and the locations of radars that have been built or are under construction, and determining multiple planning points on the electronic map through a division formula to cover important watersheds and station networks and facilitate comparative analysis of rainfall; checking the actual location conditions of the planning points, combining the locations of surrounding sensitive areas, excluding locations with poor geological conditions, and connecting multiple planning points in sequence according to altitude changes to form a target planning area; determining the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar within the target planning area in combination with multiple factors and conditions, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; referring to land map data or natural resource map data, excluding cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line ranges to determine the location of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; establishing an X-band to perform interference detection on the water conservancy rain measuring radar, setting an adaptive working frequency band, and setting a relatively stable electromagnetic link for the water conservancy rain measuring radar to avoid interference with the radar receiving echo signals; and determining the planning and layout location of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in combination with the land use conditions, geological conditions, power supply conditions, communication conditions, traffic conditions and construction conditions of the target planning area.

[0035] The main detection coverage area of ​​water conservancy rainfall radar usually refers to densely populated central urban areas and the distribution direction of major water systems. One thing that needs to be noted is that for the detection coverage area, it is not a good choice to locate the radar in the center of the detection coverage area. Since each radar detection area has a cone of silence, the distance between the radar station site and the center of the main detection area should not be less than the radius of the top circle of the cone of silence.

[0036] Since the cooling fan of the water conservancy rain measuring radar will generate certain noise during actual operation, the radar site should be selected at a location far away from residential areas; the radar site should avoid sensitive locations such as residential areas, ecological protection areas, basic farmland, temples, etc. as much as possible, and there should be no smoke emission points such as quarries, open-pit mines, thermal power plants, etc. within 1.5km of the radar deployment site.

[0037] Furthermore, the radar installation point should have an electromagnetic environment suitable for the normal operation of the radar, and have a suitable operating frequency point within its 9.3-9.5GHz operating frequency band. The radar should operate within a bandwidth of ±4MHz of this frequency point, and there should be no mutual interference with other radio equipment deployed in the surrounding area. There should be no electromagnetic waves close to the radar operating frequency near the candidate site to avoid interference with the radar operation and data transmission. The radar's operating frequency should not interfere with other radio communications in the area, ensuring that the electromagnetic environment is relatively stable and that electromagnetic radiation meets environmental protection requirements.

[0038] In this application, multiple factors referenced include clearance conditions, electromagnetic conditions, land use conditions, geological conditions, power supply conditions, communication conditions, traffic conditions and construction environment.

[0039] For clearance conditions, including obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, the obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar block the radar electromagnetic waves at an elevation angle of no more than 0.5°, and the obstacles in other directions block the radar electromagnetic waves at an elevation angle of no more than 1°; the blocking azimuth angle of the obstacles is no more than 1°, and the total blocking azimuth angle is no more than 5°; at the same time, there should be no obstructions that are higher than the installation platform of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the effective detection azimuth of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0040] Regarding electromagnetic conditions, consistent with the above-mentioned working frequency band, a relatively stable electromagnetic environment of the radar site is a necessary condition for the rainfall radar to normally send and receive correct electromagnetic wave signals.

[0041] In order to reduce the cost of building a station, the scale of radar supporting infrastructure construction should be strictly controlled in terms of land use and geological conditions. Under normal circumstances, only a steel structure iron tower of suitable height is needed for the radar. Depending on the height of the iron tower, the land required for the radar station is between 50 and 200 square meters. Radar stations should be selected in the hydrological department's own site first. When the site is not in the hydrological department's own site, it is necessary to weigh whether the long-term use rights of the radar station site can be obtained at an acceptable time and economic cost. Furthermore, radar sites should be selected in places with relatively stable geology, avoiding places prone to geological disasters such as mudslides and landslides, and as far as possible, they should be built in places with low soil resistivity.

[0042] Regarding power supply and communication conditions, the power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array water conservancy rainfall measuring radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power is ≥5KVA. The radar station should be located as close as possible to the power supply of the municipal power grid and the operator's optical fiber network access resource point to reduce the construction workload of the radar station power supply project and reduce the cost of site construction; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array water conservancy rainfall measuring radar is an end-to-end optical fiber data transmission dedicated line with a central bandwidth of ≥50Mbps. The radar station should be located as close as possible to the operator's optical fiber network access resource point to reduce the construction workload of the radar station communication project and reduce the cost of site construction.

[0043] In terms of traffic conditions and construction conditions, radar sites should be located in places with accessible roads and good construction conditions. First, it is convenient for the transportation and installation of construction machinery, tools, building materials, radar tower steel structures, radar equipment, etc. when the site is built. Second, it is convenient for future equipment operation and maintenance.

[0044] In addition to the above eight major factors, the site selection of radar sites must also comply with the national layout plan for rainfall radars and the provincial and municipal layout planning requirements for the X-band phased array rainfall radar observation network; avoid possible interference with rainfall radar detection caused by human production and living activities. For example, there should be no quarries, open-pit mines, thermal power plants and other smoke emission points within 1.5km of the radar site; and local urban construction and development plans must also be considered.

[0045] Generally speaking, an appropriate spacing should be set between each pair of radar sites. If the spacing is too close, the overlapping detection coverage area of ​​the two radars will increase, but the total coverage area will decrease. In this way, if the radar network wants to cover a specific area, more radars need to be deployed, resulting in increased construction and operating costs of the radar network. Conversely, if the spacing between radar stations is too large, although the total coverage area increases, the overlapping detection coverage area of ​​the two radars decreases, which will weaken the ability of the two radars to complement each other and make up for the insufficient rain attenuation of the X-band radar, and also reduce the area that can invert the real three-dimensional wind field. The estimation accuracy of surface rainfall is highly correlated with the near-ground wind field.

[0046] As attached Figure 2 The figure shows the coverage area of ​​a single and three radars simultaneously detecting an X-band dual-polarization rainfall radar with a detection distance of 40 km and a station distance of 45 km. The overlapping coverage area of ​​the three radars is 1427.16 square kilometers, accounting for 10% of the total coverage area. The three areas are roughly the same, which not only ensures sufficient overlapping coverage, but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of ​​the rainfall radar network.

[0047] After determining the location of the radar site, you can also conduct an on-site survey, including the height of surrounding trees and tall buildings, to determine the height of the radar tower; you can select sites in the GIS map, calculate distances, calculate elevation differences, calculate whether they are within the red line range, filter surrounding sensitive areas, filter nearby road conditions, etc.; at the same time, calculate the networking situation, simulate shielding angles, analyze the blind spots of multiple radar shielding angles, and analyze whether the shielding angle direction blocks the detection of the area above the river.

[0048] In this application, the division formula and iterative operation function are the core innovations. Through the interactive calculation of information data, data judgment and verification, the accuracy and operation efficiency of radar planning and layout can be improved, ensuring that users can quickly and accurately obtain the required data.

[0049] Specifically, the division formula is: ; where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r (t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component received and sent by the water conservancy rain measuring radar; c(t) is the calibration supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rain measuring radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately feedback the correlation between the clearance conditions and electromagnetic conditions of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0050] Through the mapping and calculation of multiple conditional factor variables and reference to multiple types of data, the obtained detection coverage area is made more accurate and reliable; in general, the detection coverage area M(t) can be displayed on an electronic map through coordinate data, which is convenient for marking on the electronic map.

[0051] Preferably, the iterative operation function of the present application is: ; in, Represents the current iteration number, Meaning: The actual detection range at the iteration No. The displacement deviation in the dimensional direction, It means the current position of the actual detection range. It means the global optimal position of the actual detection range. It means the local optimal position of the actual detection range. Represents the reference weight to adjust the search capability of the actual detection range. and Expressed as an optimization constant, it is possible to fine-tune the boundaries of the actual detection range.

[0052] After multiple iterative calculations, the actual detection range can be guaranteed to be more accurate and more in line with the actual application environment.

[0053] Furthermore, the optimization constant will be set between 10 and 20. It indicates individual learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is conducive to fine search in the local area of ​​the actual detection range; It represents the global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the degree of response regression of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

[0054] It should be noted in particular that the radar site must establish a communication transmission link with the hydrological station and facilitate the connection to the power grid. At the same time, comprehensive consideration should be given to safety factors such as hydrology, geography, geology, and lightning strikes.

[0055] To sum up, the multi-factor-based water conservancy rain measuring radar planning and layout method in the embodiment of the present invention combines multiple relevant factors and the main detection coverage area of ​​the radar to determine the layout and site selection of a single water conservancy rain measuring radar, and forms a networking topology structure in combination with the specific networking requirements of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, which not only ensures sufficient detection overlapping coverage, but also maximizes the effective detection coverage area of ​​the rain measuring radar network; at the same time, the networking topology structure of the radar is generally equilateral, isosceles triangle, quadrilateral or rhombus, so that within the detection coverage area of ​​the radar network, more areas can be scanned simultaneously or fully covered by three or more radars in different directions, so that the radar network can obtain richer and more complete detection information in these areas, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy and efficiency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

[0056] The above specific implementation manner cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any substitution, improvement or change made to the implementation manner of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors, characterized in that: The planning and arrangement method comprises the following steps: S1, referring to the distribution of existing water conservancy rainfall radars, combined with the information data of existing hydrological stations and the locations of radars that have been built or are under construction, multiple planning points are determined on the electronic map through the division formula to cover important watersheds and station networks and facilitate comparative analysis of rainfall; S2, check the actual location conditions of the planning points, combine the locations of the surrounding sensitive areas, exclude locations with poor geological conditions, and connect multiple planning points in sequence according to the altitude changes to form the target planning area; S3, determining the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the target planning area in combination with multiple factors, and analyzing and verifying the actual detection range of the water conservancy rain measuring radar through an iterative operation function; S4, refer to the national land map data or natural resource map data, exclude cultivated land, state-owned forest land and ecological red line range, to determine the location of water conservancy rainfall radar; S5, performs electromagnetic interference detection on the X-band water conservancy rain measuring radar, sets an adaptive working frequency band, and sets a relatively stable electromagnetic environment for the water conservancy rain measuring radar to avoid interference with the radar receiving echo signals; S6. Determine the planned layout of the water conservancy rainfall radar based on the land use, geological conditions, power supply, communication, traffic and construction conditions of the target planning area.

2. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water conservancy rainfall measuring radar can form a network, and the adaptation distance between the two radars in the network is set to cover the key watershed range; the key watershed range at least includes the overlapping detection range and the key watershed area.

3. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The topological structure of the network is generally an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a quadrilateral or a rhombus, so that more areas within the radar network detection coverage area can be fully covered by three or more radars at different locations, thereby enabling the radar network to obtain rich and complete detection information.

4. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radar based on multiple factors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The division formula is: ； where x(t)=[u(t),v(t)] T is the detection coverage area variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, z(t)=[X(t),Y(t)] T is the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, u(t)=[δ r (t), n(t)] T is the electromagnetic condition variable of the water conservancy rainfall radar, δ r (t) and n(t) are respectively the working frequency component of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the electromagnetic wave signal component received and sent by the water conservancy rain measuring radar; c(t) is the calibration supplementary parameter of the water conservancy rain measuring radar on the electronic map to improve the accuracy of the planned points on the electronic map; the function f is a binary mapping, and the function g is a membership mapping to accurately feedback the correlation between the clearance conditions and electromagnetic conditions of the water conservancy rain measuring radar and the planned points of the water conservancy rain measuring radar; the function h is used to reflect the linear relationship between the detection coverage area variable and the clearance condition variable of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

5. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The detection coverage area variables of the water conservancy rainfall radar include densely populated central urban areas and the distribution directions of major water systems.

6. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The clearance condition variables include obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar. The obstacles in the main detection direction of the water conservancy rain measuring radar have an elevation angle of no more than 0.5° to block the radar electromagnetic waves, and the obstacles in other directions have an elevation angle of no more than 1° to block the radar electromagnetic waves; the obstruction azimuth angle of the obstacles is no more than 1°, and the total obstruction azimuth angle is no more than 5°; at the same time, there should be no obstructions higher than the installation platform of the water conservancy rain measuring radar in the effective detection azimuth of the water conservancy rain measuring radar.

7. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The operating frequency band of the electromagnetic condition variable is 9.3-9.5 GHz, and the water conservancy rain measuring radar selects an unused frequency point among them. Therefore, when planning and selecting the site for the water conservancy rain measuring radar, there should be no electromagnetic waves similar to those of the water conservancy rain measuring radar, so as to avoid interference with the radar receiving the echo signal; the operating frequency of the water conservancy rain measuring radar should not interfere with other radio communication equipment.

8. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The iterative operation function is: ； in, Represents the current iteration number, Meaning: The actual detection range at the iteration No. The displacement deviation in the dimensional direction, It means the current position of the actual detection range. It means the global optimal position of the actual detection range. It means the local optimal position of the actual detection range. Represents the reference weight to adjust the search capability of the actual detection range. and Expressed as an optimization constant, it is possible to fine-tune the boundaries of the actual detection range.

9. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Said and The value will be set between 10 and 20. It indicates individual learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the learning and memory ability of the actual detection range for its own historical optimal position. When it is larger, it is conducive to fine search in the local area of ​​the actual detection range; It represents the global learning of the actual detection range, which reflects the degree of response regression of the actual detection range to the current optimal position in the target planning area. When it is larger, the actual detection range is more easily attracted by the global optimal solution, which helps to search for the actual detection range globally in the target planning area.

10. The method for planning and arranging water conservancy rainfall radars based on multiple factors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is AC220±10%V, and the electric power is ≥5KVA; the communication requirement of the X-band dual-polarization phased array for the water conservancy rain measuring radar is an end-to-end optical fiber data transmission line with a central bandwidth of ≥50Mbps.

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