Evaluation method of green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology

Abstract

The present invention discloses an evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, which relates to the field of submarine engineering technology and includes the following steps: S1. Pre-construction ecological assessment: using satellite remote sensing technology and underwater robots to conduct an environmental baseline survey of the construction area, combining the regional marine ecological protection red line and the distribution of existing ecological and environmental sensitive areas, assessing the ecological sensitivity of the construction area, and determining the key areas for ecological protection. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, by establishing an evaluation index system based on ecological impact index, green construction index and resource utilization efficiency, as well as analyzing and interpreting the evaluation results, can provide strong data support for construction decisions, put forward improvement suggestions, optimize subsequent construction activities, and continuously improve the level of green construction of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, while guiding construction activities, achieving a balance between marine resource development and ecological protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of submarine engineering technology, and in particular to an evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of the development and utilization of marine resources, the number of submarine pipeline and optical cable laying projects has increased day by day. While promoting economic development, these projects have also had an impact on the marine ecological environment that cannot be ignored. Among them, marine environmental impact assessment and resource and environmental restoration are important ways to improve the efficiency of marine resource development and utilization and maintain marine ecological functions.

[0003] However, with the development and utilization of marine resources, the laying of submarine pipelines and optical cables is increasing; traditional construction methods often ignore the protection of the marine ecological environment, leading to problems such as destruction of marine habitats and water pollution; therefore, there is an urgent need for an evaluation method for the green construction process to guide construction activities and achieve a balance between marine resource development and ecological protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: an evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Pre-construction ecological assessment: Use satellite remote sensing technology and underwater robots to conduct an environmental baseline survey of the construction area, assess the ecological sensitivity of the construction area, determine the key areas for ecological protection, and obtain key protected areas; the environmental baseline includes marine biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type;

[0006] S2. Ecological impact monitoring during construction: Use water quality monitors and acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) to monitor changes in water quality and flow rate during construction; use underwater cameras and biological monitoring equipment to track changes in biodiversity in the construction area; record construction noise and vibration data, evaluate the impact of the construction process on marine life, and obtain construction impact results;

[0007] S3. Construction methods and technical optimization: select the construction method with the least impact on the environment, use environmentally friendly materials, reduce pollutant emissions during the construction process, implement waste recovery and recycling during the construction process, and thus formulate a construction technical plan; the construction methods include submarine pipeline construction methods and submarine optical cable construction methods, among which the submarine pipeline construction methods include pipeline laying and trenching processes; among which, pipeline laying includes towing pipe laying method, reel pipe laying method, J-type pipe laying method and S-type pipe laying method; trenching processes include pre-trenching, trenching while laying pipes, and post-trenching; submarine optical cable construction methods include synchronous laying and burying, excavation before laying and burying; laying processes include trenching and directional drilling, and the equipment used in trenching processes includes high-pressure hydraulic jet burying machines, plow trenching machines, anchored cable laying vessels, and towing contact types; among which, submarine optical cable construction methods also include cable protection types, post-laying inspections and remedial methods for optical cables;

[0008] S4. Post-construction ecological restoration: formulate a post-construction ecological restoration plan based on the construction technical plan, monitor the ecological restoration effect of the post-construction ecological restoration plan, and adjust the ecological restoration plan based on the ecological restoration effect to generate ecological restoration measures; the ecological restoration plan includes artificial reef construction and seabed vegetation restoration;

[0009] S5. Establish an evaluation index system: Based on the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency, the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are used to quantitatively evaluate the construction process and obtain the evaluation results;

[0010] S6. Evaluation report and feedback: Prepare an ecological evaluation report of the construction process based on the evaluation results, key protected areas, construction impact results and ecological restoration measures; based on the ecological evaluation report, put forward improvement suggestions and optimize subsequent construction activities.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 of pre-construction ecological assessment includes the following processes: using satellite remote sensing technology to obtain marine environmental information of the construction area and determine ecological hotspots, wherein the marine environmental information includes preliminary characteristics of water color and water temperature distribution on the ocean surface; dispatching underwater robots to go deep into the construction area to detect sea areas of different depths, wherein the detection process includes: for the assessment of marine biodiversity, the underwater robots are equipped with high-definition cameras and sonar biological detectors to identify and record marine biological information; for water quality monitoring, the underwater robots carry water quality sensors to detect key water quality indicators in the water in real time, and for the bottom type, bottom samples are collected by the robotic arm of the underwater robot, or the structure and composition of the bottom are analyzed using acoustic detection equipment to determine the bottom type; based on the collected marine biological information, key water quality indicators, and bottom type, combined with the existing ecological sensitive area division standards and local marine ecological research results and the obtained ecological hotspots, the ecological sensitivity map of the construction area is drawn using geographic information system (GIS) technology, thereby determining the key areas for ecological protection and obtaining the key protected areas.

[0012] Preferably, the ecological sensitivity map of the construction area is drawn using the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, so as to determine the key areas for ecological protection and obtain the key protection areas. The process is as follows:

[0013] For the spatial interpolation of biodiversity data, in order to conduct continuous ecological sensitivity analysis in the entire construction area, a spatial interpolation method is used to generate a continuous grid layer representing the density or richness of different marine species. The value of each grid cell represents the relative number or diversity of organisms at that location.

[0014] If the biological data show spatial autocorrelation and are evenly distributed, Kriging interpolation is used; if the data are unevenly distributed and have large local variations, inverse distance weighted interpolation is used;

[0015] The water quality data is also processed by spatial interpolation, and the discrete water quality monitoring point data is converted into a continuous grid layer covering the construction area. For different water quality indicators, the corresponding classification thresholds are set according to the degree of impact of water quality indicators on the marine ecosystem and relevant environmental quality standards; including: for dissolved oxygen, it is divided into three different levels: high, medium and low according to the suitable dissolved oxygen concentration range required for the survival of marine organisms; for nutrient salt concentration, it is classified according to the eutrophication evaluation criteria; through classification processing, the water quality data is converted into classification layers with different ecological significance, so that the impact of water quality on ecological sensitivity can be intuitively reflected in subsequent analysis;

[0016] For the conversion and reclassification of bottom sediment type data, the vector layer of bottom sediment type is converted into raster format and matched with the layer format of biodiversity and water quality data to facilitate comprehensive analysis. The bottom sediment type is reclassified and assigned values ​​according to its suitability for marine biological habitat and ecological processes. This includes: assigning a higher ecological suitability score to sandy bottom sediment because sandy bottom sediment is usually conducive to the excavation and habitat of some benthic organisms; while rocky bottom sediment may be assigned a relatively low score due to its high stability but relatively difficult biological attachment; muddy bottom sediment is assigned a corresponding score according to its rich organic matter characteristics; through the reclassification operation, the bottom sediment type data is converted into a numerical layer reflecting ecological sensitivity;

[0017] According to the impact of biodiversity, water quality and bottom type on ecological sensitivity, the evaluation index is determined and used as the basis for constructing the ecological sensitivity evaluation model;

[0018] Including: in terms of biodiversity, species richness and rare species distribution density are selected as evaluation indicators; in terms of water quality, dissolved oxygen, nutrient concentration, and petroleum content are selected as evaluation indicators; in terms of bottom type, bottom stability and biological suitability are selected as evaluation indicators;

[0019] Determination of indicator weights: The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each evaluation indicator. First, a judgment matrix was constructed, and experts in the fields of marine ecology, environmental science, and geographic information were invited to compare the three criterion layers of biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type, as well as the evaluation indicators under each criterion layer, to determine the relative importance, and assign values ​​according to the 1-9 scaling method to construct a judgment matrix A; then, the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and its corresponding eigenvector were calculated, and the eigenvector was normalized to obtain the weight value of each indicator; finally, a consistency test was performed to ensure that the consistency of the judgment matrix was within an acceptable range. If the consistency test failed, the expert judgment opinions needed to be readjusted until the consistency requirements were met;

[0020] GIS-based weighted overlay analysis: In GIS software, the biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type layers that have been preprocessed and weighted are subjected to weighted overlay analysis. According to the indicator weights corresponding to each layer, the values ​​of each grid unit on different layers are multiplied by the corresponding weights and then added together to obtain the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score of each grid unit;

[0021] Assuming that the weight of the biodiversity layer is 0.4, the weight of the water quality layer is 0.3, and the weight of the bottom type layer is 0.3, for a certain grid unit, the value of its biodiversity layer is 0.6, the value of its water quality layer is 0.5, and the value of its bottom type layer is 0.4, then the ecological sensitivity comprehensive score of the grid unit = 0.6×0.4+0.5×0.3+0.4×0.3=0.45;

[0022] Ecological sensitivity classification and map visualization: According to the comprehensive score of ecological sensitivity, the natural break point classification method Jenks or the equal interval classification method is used to classify the ecological sensitivity of the construction area, and it is divided into four ecological sensitive areas: high sensitivity area, medium sensitivity area, low sensitivity area and non-sensitive area. The specific number of classifications can be determined according to the actual situation and research purpose; and different colors and symbols are given to the four ecological sensitive areas: red triangle warning icon, yellow circle icon, green square icon and light blue cross icon, so as to clearly show the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological sensitivity on the map, and use the mapping function of GIS to add map elements to produce an ecological sensitivity map of the construction area. The map elements include map title, scale, legend, and compass, so that the map has good readability and professionalism, can intuitively reflect the differences in ecological sensitivity of different locations in the construction area, and provide a scientific basis for subsequent ecological protection planning and construction decisions;

[0023] Through the above steps, geographic information system (GIS) technology can be used to comprehensively analyze the multi-source ecological data of the construction area and draw accurate and detailed ecological sensitivity maps, thereby effectively identifying key areas for ecological protection and providing important technical support for the green construction of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology.

[0024] Preferably, step S2 of monitoring the ecological impact of the construction process includes the following process:

[0025] Water quality monitors are placed around the construction area and at key points on the water flow diffusion path that may be affected by the construction, and water quality parameters are automatically detected at predetermined time intervals. Acoustic Doppler current profilers ADCP are fixed on the seabed or buoys to monitor the flow velocity, direction and flow profile changes of water flow at different depths in the construction area, to determine whether excavation and pipeline laying during construction activities have changed the original water flow dynamics and obtain flow velocity data. Underwater cameras are installed at different locations around the construction area, including: fixed on the seabed, installed on buoys, to cover the construction area in all directions, and to record the activities of marine life in the construction area in real time. , changes in number, and whether there are abnormal biological behaviors to obtain biological monitoring data; install noise sensors and vibration sensors on the engines, piling equipment, and excavators of construction ships to record the noise intensity, frequency range, vibration amplitude, and frequency generated during the construction process to obtain mechanical construction parameters; combine the changes in mechanical construction parameters, water quality parameters, and flow rate data with the existing research results on the tolerance thresholds of marine organisms to noise and vibration to evaluate the scope and degree of impact of the construction process on marine organisms, and conduct correlation analysis with biological monitoring data to determine whether construction noise and vibration lead to the migration of marine organisms and damage to physiological functions to obtain construction impact results.

[0026] Preferably, step S3 construction method and technology optimization includes the following process:

[0027] Organize professional marine engineering technical teams and environmental experts to conduct environmental impact assessments on construction methods. By comparing actual case data, simulation experiment results, and theoretical calculation analysis of different construction methods under the same construction environment, select the construction method with the least environmental impact as a pairing solution. For submarine pipeline materials, give priority to new materials that are corrosion-resistant, pollution-free, and recyclable as pipeline environmentally friendly materials. For optical cable materials, select sheath materials with low toxicity and good biocompatibility as optical cable environmentally friendly materials. Purchase materials based on the composition of pipeline environmentally friendly materials and optical cable environmentally friendly materials. During the construction process, establish a pollutant emission control system, including: setting up an oil-water separator to remove wastewater generated during construction. In addition to removing oil from wastewater, suspended solids are removed from sedimentation tanks, and water quality is adjusted to meet emission standards through chemical treatment methods before being discharged; for waste gas emissions, high-efficiency tail gas purification equipment is used to reduce the pollutant content emitted by construction ships and equipment; a construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism is established: solid waste generated during the construction process is classified and recycled, and reusable materials are sent to processing plants for treatment and then re-invested in marine engineering construction; non-reusable materials are sent to landfills or incinerated harmlessly; a construction technical plan is formulated based on the construction technical plan, matching plan, procurement materials, pollutant emission control system, and construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism.

[0028] Preferably, step S5 establishes an evaluation index system, including the following process:

[0029] The constituent elements of the ecological impact index, the constituent indicators of the construction environmental protection index, and the efficiency indicators of resource utilization efficiency are determined. The expert scoring method combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to set corresponding weights for each constituent element, constituent indicator, and efficiency indicator. The ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency are calculated by quantifying the actual monitoring data during the construction process. The ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency are calculated by weighted summation to obtain the quantitative evaluation results of the construction process.

[0030] Preferably, the components of the ecological impact index include the degree of impact on marine biodiversity during the construction process B, the degree of water quality deterioration W, and the degree of bottom damage S; the components of the construction environmental protection index include the environmental protection score M of the construction method, the proportion of environmentally friendly materials used R, the pollutant emission reduction P and the waste recycling rate U; the efficiency indicators of resource utilization efficiency include the energy consumption efficiency E and material utilization efficiency T during the construction process.

[0031] Preferably, the ecological impact index calculation process is as follows:

[0032] Calculate the maximum eigenvalue λmax of the judgment matrix A and its corresponding eigenvector X; normalize the eigenvector X to obtain the weight vector W=[WB,WW,WS] of each element, and WB+WW+WS=1; perform consistency test at the same time and calculate the consistency index CI=(λmax-n) / (n-1); where n is the matrix order, compared with the random consistency index RI, which can be obtained by looking up the table. If CI / RI<0.1, the weight determination is reasonable; otherwise, readjust the expert judgment until the consistency requirements are met;

[0033] Carry out data quantification and index calculation: For the quantification of biodiversity impact degree B, the number of species before facility construction is N1, the biomass is M1, and the species richness is R1; after construction, the corresponding numbers are N2, M2, and R2; calculate the species reduction ratio ΔN=(N1-N2) / N1, the biomass change ratio ΔM=(M1-M2) / M1, and the species richness change ratio ΔR=(R1-R2) / R1; use the weighted summation method to calculate the biodiversity impact degree score B=a1ΔN+a2ΔM+a3*ΔR; among them, a1, a2, and a3 are coefficients determined according to the importance of each indicator, and a1+a2+a3=1, which can be determined through expert experience or further analysis;

[0034] For the quantification of water quality deterioration W: for each water quality index Qi, calculate its change value ΔQi=Qi (after construction)-Qi (before construction); assign weights wi according to the different degrees of ecological impact of each index, for example, dissolved oxygen weight may be higher, followed by nutrients, which can be determined through expert opinions and research; water quality deterioration score W=∑(wi*|ΔQi| / Qi (standard value)); where Qi (standard value) is the environmental quality standard reference value of the water quality index, and the comprehensive water quality deterioration quantification value is obtained by summing up;

[0035] For the quantification of the degree of subsoil damage S: let the subsoil disturbance area be A, the total area of ​​the construction area be A0, and the proportion of subsoil stability damage be P, which is obtained by analyzing the change of subsoil structure; the subsoil damage degree score S=b1*(A / A0)+b2*P; where b1 and b2 are coefficients determined according to the importance of area and stability, and b1+b2=1;

[0036] Calculation of ecological impact index EI: Based on the determined weight vector W and the quantitative scores of each factor, calculate the ecological impact index EI=WBB+WWW+WS*S.

[0037] Preferably, the construction environmental protection index calculation process is as follows:

[0038] Determine the total amount of waste generated by construction as WT, the amount of waste recycled as WR, and the waste recycling rate as U=WR / WT; Determine the weights: Also use the analytic hierarchy process AHP to organize relevant experts to compare and score the four elements of environmental protection of construction methods, proportion of environmentally friendly materials used, pollutant emission reduction, and waste recycling rate to construct a judgment matrix B;

[0039] Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix B and its corresponding eigenvector Y, and obtain the weight vector V=[VM,VR,VP,VU] after normalization, and VM+VR+VP+VU=1; perform a consistency check, and readjust the expert opinion if the requirements are not met; data quantification and index calculation: based on the comparison with the most environmentally friendly construction method, score according to the pre-set evaluation criteria to obtain the specific value M; directly calculate the proportion value R through the statistical data of construction materials; calculate ΔP based on the pollutant emission monitoring data and prediction data before and after construction, and calculate the comprehensive emission reduction score according to the degree of harm of different pollutants by assigning corresponding weights: assuming that the weights of different pollutants are pi, the comprehensive emission reduction score P=∑(pi*ΔPi); calculate U from waste statistical data; calculation of construction environmental protection index EPI: based on the weight vector V and the quantitative scores of each factor, calculate the construction environmental protection index EPI=VMM+VRR+VPP+VUU.

[0040] Preferably, the resource utilization efficiency calculation process is as follows:

[0041] Energy consumption efficiency E: Calculate the energy consumption Ec per unit length of pipeline or optical cable laying construction workload, and compare it with the industry average energy consumption Ea of the same type of construction projects; Energy consumption efficiency score E=Ea / Ec, if Ec is less than Ea, then E is greater than 1, indicating that the energy utilization efficiency is higher than the industry average; otherwise it is less than 1; Material utilization efficiency T: Statistical loss TL of pipeline and optical cable laying materials during construction, total material input TT, then material utilization efficiency T=(TT-TL) / TT; Weight determination: Use the analytic hierarchy process AHP to determine the weights of energy consumption efficiency and material utilization efficiency; Experts compare and score the importance of the two to construct a judgment matrix C, calculate the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector Z, and obtain the weight vector Z=[ZE,ZT] after normalization, and ZE+ZT=1, and perform consistency test; Energy consumption efficiency E is calculated through construction energy consumption records and workload statistics, and material utilization efficiency T is calculated based on material use and loss statistics; Resource utilization efficiency RUE calculation: According to the weight vector Z and the quantitative scores of each factor, the resource utilization efficiency RUE=ZEE+ZTT is calculated;

[0042] Through the above detailed calculation process and implementation steps, the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency can be calculated more scientifically and comprehensively, so as to quantitatively evaluate the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, and provide strong data support and basis for construction decision-making and optimization of environmental protection measures.

[0043] The present invention provides an evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] This evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology establishes an evaluation index system based on ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency, and uses expert scoring method and hierarchical analysis method AHP to quantitatively evaluate the construction process, and obtains evaluation results that intuitively reflect the comprehensive level of the construction process in terms of ecological protection, implementation of environmental protection measures and resource utilization. Through the analysis and interpretation of the evaluation results, it can provide strong data support for construction decisions, put forward improvement suggestions, optimize subsequent construction activities, and continuously improve the level of green construction of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, while guiding construction activities and achieving a balance between marine resource development and ecological protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, including S1. Pre-construction ecological assessment: using satellite remote sensing technology to obtain marine environmental information of the construction area and determine ecological hot spots. The marine environmental information includes preliminary characteristics of water color and water temperature distribution on the ocean surface;

[0048] Send underwater robots to the construction area to conduct exploration of sea areas at different depths. The exploration process includes: assessment of marine biodiversity. The underwater robots are equipped with high-definition cameras and sonar biological detectors to identify and record marine biological information, including the distribution, quantity, and population density of different types of marine organisms;

[0049] For water quality monitoring, the underwater robot carries water quality sensors to detect key water quality indicators in real time, including dissolved oxygen, pH value, nutrients, and suspended solids content. Nutrients include nitrates and phosphates, and transmit the data back to the console.

[0050] For the type of bottom sediment, the bottom sediment samples are collected by the mechanical arm of the underwater robot, or the structure and composition of the bottom sediment are analyzed by acoustic detection equipment to determine the bottom sediment type; the bottom sediment types include sandy, muddy, and rocky.

[0051] Based on the collected marine biological information, key water quality indicators, and bottom types, combined with the existing ecological sensitive area classification standards and local marine ecological research results and the ecological hot spots obtained, the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is used to draw an ecological sensitivity map of the construction area, thereby determining the key areas of ecological protection, obtaining key protected areas, and marking the scope, ecological characteristics, and importance level of key protected areas. Among them, key protected areas include marine biological breeding grounds, rare species habitats, and marine ecological corridors;

[0052] S2. Ecological impact monitoring during construction: water quality monitors are deployed around the construction area and at key points on the water flow diffusion path that may be affected by the construction, and water quality parameters are automatically detected at predetermined time intervals;

[0053] The scheduled time interval is hourly or daily, which is determined according to the intensity of the construction activities and the speed of water quality change. The water quality parameters include turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, and petroleum content. Turbidity is used to measure the amount of suspended matter in the water, and chemical oxygen demand COD reflects the degree of organic pollution in the water.

[0054] Fix the acoustic Doppler current profiler ADCP on the seabed or buoy to monitor the velocity, direction and velocity profile changes of water flow at different depths in the construction area, clarify whether the excavation and pipeline laying during the construction activities have changed the original hydrodynamic characteristics, and obtain velocity data; during this period, the data recording frequency is set at once every three to twenty minutes according to the stability of water flow changes;

[0055] Install underwater cameras at different locations around the construction area, including: fixed on the seabed, installed on buoys, to fully cover the construction area, record the activities of marine life in the construction area, changes in number, and abnormal behavior of organisms in real time, and obtain biological monitoring data, such as fish escape and shellfish closure;

[0056] Biological monitoring equipment includes biological sampling nets and underwater acoustic monitoring equipment. The biological sampling nets regularly collect samples of plankton and small benthic organisms in and around the construction area to analyze their species and quantity changes. The underwater acoustic monitoring equipment receives sound signals from marine organisms to determine changes in species and behavior patterns, thereby tracking changes in biodiversity in the construction area.

[0057] Install noise and vibration sensors on construction equipment, including installing high-precision noise sensors and vibration sensors on the engines of construction ships, piling equipment, and excavators to record the noise intensity, frequency range, vibration amplitude, and frequency generated during the construction process to obtain mechanical construction parameters;

[0058] Combine the changes in mechanical construction parameters, water quality parameters and flow rate data with the existing research results on the noise and vibration tolerance thresholds of marine organisms to evaluate the scope and degree of impact of the construction process on marine organisms, and conduct correlation analysis with biological monitoring data to determine whether construction noise and vibration cause marine organism migration and damage to physiological functions, obtain construction impact results, and promptly feedback to the construction management team;

[0059] S3. Construction method and technology optimization: Organize professional marine engineering technical teams and environmental experts to conduct environmental impact assessments on construction methods. By comparing actual case data, simulation test results, and theoretical calculation analysis of different construction methods under the same construction environment, select the construction method with the least environmental impact as the matching solution;

[0060] The assessment process includes:

[0061] For submarine pipeline construction methods, assess the risk of drill cuttings discharge and mud leakage generated during the construction process, as well as the impact on submarine formation stability;

[0062] For submarine optical cable construction methods, analyze their operation accuracy, the degree of interference with surrounding organisms, and the environmental risks caused by equipment failure;

[0063] In the material procurement process, strictly select environmentally friendly materials;

[0064] For submarine pipeline materials, priority should be given to new materials that are corrosion-resistant, pollution-free and recyclable as environmentally friendly pipeline materials. For example, steel pipes with new environmentally friendly coatings can not only ensure the service life of the pipeline, but also reduce the release of corrosion products in seawater;

[0065] For optical cable materials, choose sheath materials with low toxicity and good biocompatibility as environmentally friendly optical cable materials to avoid toxic effects on marine life during long-term use;

[0066] Purchasing materials based on environmentally friendly materials for pipelines and optical cables;

[0067] During the construction process, a pollutant emission control system is established, including: for wastewater generated during construction, an oil-water separator is installed to remove oil from the wastewater, a sedimentation tank is used to remove suspended solids, and water quality is adjusted to meet emission standards through chemical treatment methods before discharge; for waste gas emissions, efficient tail gas purification equipment is used to reduce the pollutant content emitted by construction ships and equipment, including nitrogen oxides and sulfides;

[0068] Establish a construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism: Classify and recycle solid waste generated during the construction process, including waste pipes, metal waste, and discarded construction equipment parts. Reusable materials are sent to processing plants for treatment and then put back into marine engineering construction;

[0069] For waste that cannot be directly recycled, i.e., non-reusable materials, they should be properly handled in accordance with environmental protection requirements, such as being sent to a qualified landfill or being incinerated harmlessly;

[0070] Develop a complete set of construction technology plans based on the construction technology plan, matching plan, procurement materials, pollutant emission control system, and construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism to ensure environmental friendliness and efficient use of resources during the construction process;

[0071] S4. Post-construction ecological restoration: formulate a post-construction ecological restoration plan based on the construction technical plan, monitor the ecological restoration effect of the post-construction ecological restoration plan, and adjust the ecological restoration plan based on the ecological restoration effect to generate ecological restoration measures; the ecological restoration plan includes artificial reef construction and seabed vegetation restoration;

[0072] S5. Establish an evaluation index system: determine the components of the ecological impact index, the components of the construction environmental protection index, and the efficiency index of resource utilization efficiency. Use the expert scoring method combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to set corresponding weights for each component, component index, and efficiency index. Calculate the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency by quantifying the actual monitoring data during the construction process. Calculate the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency by weighted summation to obtain the quantitative evaluation results of the construction process.

[0073] The evaluation results intuitively reflect the comprehensive level of ecological protection, implementation of environmental protection measures and resource utilization during the construction process in numerical form;

[0074] The components of the ecological impact index include the impact degree on marine biodiversity during construction (B), the degree of water quality deterioration (W), and the degree of bottom damage (S); the components of the construction environmental protection index include the environmental protection score of the construction method (M), the proportion of environmentally friendly materials used (R), the amount of pollutant reduction (P), and the waste recycling rate (U); the efficiency indicators of resource utilization efficiency include the energy consumption efficiency (E) and material utilization efficiency (T) during construction;

[0075] The impact includes the proportion of species reduction and biomass changes; the degree of water quality deterioration is determined by comparing water quality monitoring indicators with pre-construction baseline data; the degree of bottom sediment damage includes the area of ​​bottom sediment structure change and bottom sediment composition change; the environmental protection score of the construction method is scored based on the degree of proximity between the selected construction method and the most environmentally friendly construction method; the proportion of environmentally friendly materials used is the proportion of the weight or volume of environmentally friendly materials actually used to the total materials; the pollutant emission reduction is the comparison with the expected pollutant emission when no environmental protection measures are taken; the waste recycling rate is the proportion of recycled waste to the total waste generation; the energy consumption efficiency is the comparison of the energy consumption per unit of construction work with the industry average; the material utilization efficiency is the material loss rate during the laying of pipelines and optical cables;

[0076] The calculation process of the ecological impact index is as follows: calculate the maximum eigenvalue λmax of the judgment matrix A and its corresponding eigenvector X; normalize the eigenvector X to obtain the weight vector W=[WB,WW,WS] of each factor, and WB+WW+WS=1; perform consistency test at the same time and calculate the consistency index CI=(λmax-n) / (n-1); where n is the matrix order, compared with the random consistency index RI, which can be obtained by looking up the table. If CI / RI<0.1, the weight determination is reasonable; otherwise, readjust the expert judgment until the consistency requirements are met; perform data quantification and index calculation: Quantification of biodiversity impact B: The number of species before construction is N1, the biomass is M1, and the species richness is R1; after construction, they are N2, M2, and R2; calculate the species reduction ratio ΔN=(N1-N2) / N1, the biomass change ratio ΔM=(M1-M2) / M1, and the species richness change ratio ΔR=(R1-R2) / R1; use the weighted summation method to calculate the biodiversity impact score B=a1ΔN+a2ΔM+a3*ΔR; where a1, a2, and a3 are coefficients determined according to the importance of each indicator, and a1+a2+a3=1, which can be determined through expert experience or further analysis;

[0077] Quantify the degree of water quality deterioration W: for each water quality index Qi, calculate its change value ΔQi=Qi (after construction)-Qi (before construction); assign weights wi according to the different degrees of ecological impact of each index, for example, dissolved oxygen weight may be higher, followed by nutrients, which can be determined through expert opinions and research; water quality deterioration score W=∑(wi*|ΔQi| / Qi (standard value)); Qi (standard value) is the environmental quality standard reference value of the water quality index, and the comprehensive water quality deterioration degree is obtained by summing up. Quantitative value; For the quantification of the degree of bottom damage S: let the bottom disturbance area be A, the total area of ​​the construction area be A0, and the proportion of bottom stability damage be P, which is obtained by analyzing the change of bottom structure; The bottom damage degree score S=b1*(A / A0)+b2*P; where b1 and b2 are coefficients determined according to the importance of area and stability, and b1+b2=1; Calculation of the ecological impact index EI: According to the determined weight vector W and the quantitative scores of each factor, the ecological impact index EI=WBB+WWW+WS*S is calculated

[0078] The calculation process of the construction environmental protection index is as follows: determine the total amount of waste generated by construction WT, the amount of recycled waste is WR, and the waste recycling rate U=WR / WT; determine the weight: also use the hierarchical analysis method AHP, organize relevant experts to compare and score the four elements of the environmental protection of the construction method, the proportion of environmentally friendly materials used, the amount of pollutant emission reduction, and the waste recycling rate to construct a judgment matrix B; calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix B and its corresponding eigenvector Y, and obtain the weight vector V=[VM, VR, VP, VU] after normalization, and VM+VR+VP+VU=1; conduct a consistency test, and readjust the expert opinions if the requirements are not met ; Data quantification and index calculation: Based on the comparison with the most environmentally friendly construction method, the specific value M is obtained by scoring according to the pre-set evaluation standards; the proportion value R is directly calculated through the statistical data of construction materials; ΔP is calculated based on the pollutant emission monitoring data and forecast data before and after construction, and the comprehensive emission reduction score is calculated according to the degree of harm of different pollutants: assuming that the weight of different pollutants is pi, the comprehensive emission reduction score P=∑(pi*ΔPi); U is calculated from waste statistical data; Construction environmental protection index EPI calculation: According to the weight vector V and the quantitative score of each factor, the construction environmental protection index EPI=VMM+VRR+VPP+VUU is calculated.

[0079] The calculation process of resource utilization efficiency is as follows: Energy consumption efficiency E: Calculate the energy consumption Ec of the construction workload per unit length of pipeline or optical cable laying, and compare it with the industry average energy consumption Ea of the same type of construction projects; Energy consumption efficiency score E=Ea / Ec, if Ec is less than Ea, then E is greater than 1, indicating that the energy utilization efficiency is higher than the industry average; otherwise it is less than 1; Material utilization efficiency T: Statistical loss TL of pipeline and optical cable laying materials during construction, the total material input is TT, then material utilization efficiency T=(TT-TL) / TT; Weight determination: Use hierarchical analysis method AHP determines the weights of energy consumption efficiency and material utilization efficiency; experts compare and score the importance of the two to construct a judgment matrix C, calculate the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector Z, and obtain the weight vector Z=[ZE,ZT] after normalization, and ZE+ZT=1, and perform consistency test; energy consumption efficiency E is calculated through construction energy consumption records and workload statistics, and material utilization efficiency T is calculated based on material use and loss statistics; resource utilization efficiency RUE calculation: According to the weight vector Z and the quantitative scores of each factor, the resource utilization efficiency RUE=ZEE+ZTT is calculated;

[0080] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, through the above detailed calculation process and implementation steps, the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency can be calculated more scientifically and comprehensively, so as to quantitatively evaluate the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, and provide strong data support and basis for construction decision-making and optimization of environmental protection measures;

[0081] The process of obtaining the evaluation results is as follows:

[0082] Determine the weights of weighted summation: Use the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weights of the ecological impact index (EI), the construction environmental protection index (EPI), and the resource utilization efficiency (RUE) in the comprehensive evaluation; invite experts from multiple fields such as marine engineering, ecological environment, and resource management to compare the relative importance of these three aspects in pairs; for example, for the ecological impact index and the construction environmental protection index, if the experts believe that the importance of ecological impact relative to construction environmental protection in the overall evaluation is 3 (according to the 1-9 scale method), then the corresponding position in the judgment matrix is ​​assigned a value of 3, otherwise the construction environmental protection index is assigned a value of 1 / 3 relative to the ecological impact index;

[0083] After constructing the complete judgment matrix, the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix and its corresponding eigenvector are calculated; the eigenvector is normalized;

[0084] Get the weight vector W=[wEI,wEPI,wRUE], and wEI+wEPI+wRUE=1;

[0085] Perform consistency check and calculate the consistency index CI=(λmax-n) / (n-1), where n is the matrix order. Compare it with the random consistency index RI (which can be obtained by looking up the table). If CI / RI<0.1, the weight determination is reasonable; otherwise, readjust the expert judgment until the consistency requirements are met.

[0086] Calculate the quantitative evaluation results: Based on the previously calculated values ​​of the ecological impact index EI, the construction environmental protection index EPI, and the resource utilization efficiency RUE, perform a weighted sum calculation according to the determined weights; assuming that the quantitative evaluation result is QER, the calculation formula is:

[0087] QER=wEI*EI+wEPI*EPI+wRUE*RUE;

[0088] For example, if the calculated ecological impact index EI=0.4, construction environmental protection index EPI=0.3, resource utilization efficiency RUE=0.3, and the determined weights are wEI=0.5, wEPI=0.3, wRUE=0.2, then the quantitative evaluation results are:

[0089] QER=0.5*0.4+0.3*0.3+0.2*0.3=0.35;

[0090] Analyze and interpret the quantitative evaluation results: According to the calculated QER value range, different evaluation level intervals are divided; for example, 0-0.3 can be set as a poor level, indicating that there are many problems in the construction process in terms of ecological protection, implementation of environmental protection measures and resource utilization; 0.3-0.6 is a medium level, which means there is a certain room for improvement; 0.6-1 is a good level, indicating that the construction process performs well in all aspects;

[0091] Combined with the specific data and actual situation during the construction process, the evaluation results are analyzed and interpreted in detail; for example, if the QER value is low, the analysis is whether it is due to the excessively high ecological impact index, such as a significant impact on biodiversity, serious deterioration of water quality, or obvious deficiencies in the construction environmental protection index or resource utilization efficiency, so as to provide clear directions and priorities for subsequent construction improvements and optimizations;

[0092] Through the above steps, we can obtain the quantitative evaluation results of the construction process based on the weighted sum of the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency, and conduct a comprehensive and scientific evaluation and analysis of the construction process based on the results, providing a strong basis for formulating targeted improvement measures and optimizing subsequent construction activities;

[0093] S6. Evaluation report and feedback: Prepare an ecological evaluation report of the construction process based on the evaluation results, key protected areas, construction impact results and ecological restoration measures; based on the ecological evaluation report, put forward improvement suggestions and optimize subsequent construction activities.

[0094] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, the use of satellite remote sensing technology and underwater robots to conduct pre-construction ecological assessments can comprehensively obtain environmental baseline information of the construction area, use geographic information system technology to draw ecological sensitivity maps, accurately identify key areas for ecological protection, and provide a scientific basis for ecological protection during the construction process to avoid damage to key ecological areas;

[0095] During the construction process, a variety of monitoring equipment is used for real-time monitoring. Combined with the existing research results on the noise and vibration tolerance thresholds of marine organisms, the scope and degree of the impact of the construction process on marine organisms can be assessed in a timely and accurate manner, so that appropriate measures can be taken to reduce ecological impacts.

[0096] By organizing a professional team to conduct an environmental impact assessment on the construction method, selecting the construction method with the least environmental impact, using environmentally friendly materials, establishing a pollutant emission control system and a construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism, we can effectively reduce pollutant emissions during the construction process, improve resource utilization efficiency, and achieve environmentally friendly construction;

[0097] Formulate a post-construction ecological restoration plan based on the construction technical plan, including artificial reef construction and seabed vegetation restoration measures. Through long-term monitoring of the ecological restoration effect, the ecological restoration plan can be adjusted in time according to actual conditions, and effective ecological restoration measures can be generated to ensure that the ecological environment in the construction area can gradually recover to a state close to that before construction or reach a new stable ecological balance;

[0098] By establishing an evaluation index system based on the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency, and using the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to quantitatively evaluate the construction process, we can obtain evaluation results that directly reflect the comprehensive level of the construction process in terms of ecological protection, implementation of environmental protection measures and resource utilization. By analyzing and interpreting the evaluation results, we can provide strong data support for construction decisions, put forward improvement suggestions, optimize subsequent construction activities, and continuously improve the level of green construction of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology. While guiding construction activities, we can achieve a balance between marine resource development and ecological protection.

[0099] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pre-construction ecological assessment: Use satellite remote sensing technology and underwater robots to conduct an environmental baseline survey of the construction area, assess the ecological sensitivity of the construction area, determine the key areas for ecological protection, and obtain key protected areas; the environmental baseline includes marine biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type; S2. Ecological impact monitoring during construction: Use water quality monitors and acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) to monitor changes in water quality and flow rate during construction; use underwater cameras and biological monitoring equipment to track changes in biodiversity in the construction area; record construction noise and vibration data, evaluate the impact of the construction process on marine life, and obtain construction impact results; S3. Construction method and technology optimization: Select the construction method with the least impact on the environment, use environmentally friendly materials, reduce pollutant emissions during the construction process, implement waste recovery and recycling during the construction process, and formulate a construction technology plan; the construction method includes submarine pipeline construction method and submarine optical cable construction method; S4. Post-construction ecological restoration: formulate a post-construction ecological restoration plan based on the construction technical plan, monitor the ecological restoration effect of the post-construction ecological restoration plan, and adjust the ecological restoration plan based on the ecological restoration effect to generate ecological restoration measures; the ecological restoration plan includes artificial reef construction and seabed vegetation restoration; S5. Establish an evaluation index system: Based on the ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index and resource utilization efficiency, the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are used to quantitatively evaluate the construction process and obtain the evaluation results; S6. Evaluation report and feedback: Prepare an ecological evaluation report for the construction process based on the evaluation results, key protected areas, construction impact results and ecological restoration measures; propose improvement suggestions based on the ecological evaluation report to optimize subsequent construction activities; The components of the ecological impact index include the impact degree on marine biodiversity during the construction process B, the degree of water quality deterioration W, and the degree of bottom damage S; the components of the construction environmental protection index include the environmental protection score M of the construction method, the proportion of environmentally friendly materials used R, the pollutant emission reduction P and the waste recycling rate U; the efficiency indicators of resource utilization efficiency include the energy consumption efficiency E and material utilization efficiency T during the construction process.

2. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 1 is characterized by: Step S1: Pre-construction ecological assessment, including the following process: using satellite remote sensing technology to obtain marine environmental information of the construction area and determine ecological hotspots. The marine environmental information includes preliminary characteristics of the water color and water temperature distribution of the ocean surface; Underwater robots are dispatched to explore the sea areas at different depths in the construction area. The exploration process includes: assessment of marine biodiversity. The underwater robots are equipped with high-definition cameras and sonar biological detectors to identify and record marine biological information; For water quality monitoring, the underwater robot carries water quality sensors to detect key water quality indicators in the water in real time. For the bottom sediment type, the robot's robotic arm collects bottom sediment samples, or uses acoustic detection equipment to analyze the structure and composition of the bottom sediment to determine the bottom sediment type. Based on the collected marine biological information, key water quality indicators, and bottom sediment type, combined with the existing ecological sensitive area division standards and local marine ecological research results and the resulting ecological hotspots, the geographic information system (GIS) technology is used to draw an ecological sensitivity map of the construction area, thereby determining the key areas for ecological protection and obtaining the key protected areas.

3. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 2 is characterized by: Use geographic information system (GIS) technology to draw an ecological sensitivity map of the construction area, thereby determining the key areas for ecological protection and obtaining the key protection areas. The process is as follows: For the spatial interpolation of biodiversity data, a spatial interpolation method is used to generate a continuous grid layer representing the density or richness of different marine species. The value of each grid cell represents the relative number or diversity of organisms at that location. The water quality data is also processed by spatial interpolation, and the discrete water quality monitoring point data is converted into a continuous grid layer covering the construction area. For different water quality indicators, the corresponding classification thresholds are set according to the degree of impact of water quality indicators on the marine ecosystem and relevant environmental quality standards; For the conversion and reclassification of sediment type data, the vector layer of sediment type is converted into raster format and matched with the layer format of biodiversity and water quality data. The sediment type is reclassified and assigned values ​​according to its suitability for marine biological habitats and ecological processes; According to the impact of biodiversity, water quality and bottom type on ecological sensitivity, the evaluation indexes are determined and used as the basis for constructing the ecological sensitivity evaluation model. Determination of indicator weights: The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each evaluation indicator. First, a judgment matrix was constructed. Experts in the fields of marine ecology, environmental science, and geographic information were invited to compare the three criteria layers of biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type, as well as the evaluation indicators under each criterion layer, to determine the relative importance, and assign values ​​according to the 1-9 scale method to construct the judgment matrix A. Then, by calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and its corresponding eigenvector, the eigenvector is normalized to obtain the weight value of each indicator; finally, a consistency test is performed to ensure that the consistency of the judgment matrix is ​​within an acceptable range. If the consistency test fails, the expert judgment opinion needs to be readjusted until the consistency requirements are met; GIS-based weighted overlay analysis: In GIS software, the biodiversity, water quality, and bottom type layers that have been preprocessed and weighted are subjected to weighted overlay analysis. According to the indicator weights corresponding to each layer, the values ​​of each grid unit on different layers are multiplied by the corresponding weights and then added together to obtain the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score of each grid unit; Ecological sensitivity classification and map visualization: According to the comprehensive score of ecological sensitivity, the natural break point classification method Jenks is used to classify the ecological sensitivity of the construction area, which is divided into four ecologically sensitive areas: high-sensitive area, medium-sensitive area, low-sensitive area and non-sensitive area; and different colors and symbols are given to the four ecologically sensitive areas: red triangle warning icon, yellow circle icon, green square icon and light blue cross icon. The mapping function of GIS is used to add map elements to produce an ecological sensitivity map of the construction area.

4. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 3 is characterized by: Step S2: Construction process ecological impact monitoring, including the following process: Water quality monitors are placed around the construction area and at key points on the water flow diffusion path that may be affected by the construction, and water quality parameters are automatically detected at predetermined time intervals. Acoustic Doppler current profilers ADCP are fixed on the seabed or buoys to monitor the flow velocity, direction and flow profile changes of water flow at different depths in the construction area, to determine whether excavation and pipeline laying during construction activities have changed the original water flow dynamics and obtain flow velocity data. Underwater cameras are installed at different locations around the construction area, including: fixed on the seabed, installed on buoys, to cover the construction area in all directions, and to record the activities of marine life in the construction area in real time. , changes in number, and whether there are abnormal biological behaviors to obtain biological monitoring data; install noise sensors and vibration sensors on the engines, piling equipment, and excavators of construction ships to record the noise intensity, frequency range, vibration amplitude, and frequency generated during the construction process to obtain mechanical construction parameters; combine the changes in mechanical construction parameters, water quality parameters, and flow rate data with the existing research results on the tolerance thresholds of marine organisms to noise and vibration to evaluate the scope and degree of impact of the construction process on marine organisms, and conduct correlation analysis with biological monitoring data to determine whether construction noise and vibration lead to the migration of marine organisms and damage to physiological functions to obtain construction impact results.

5. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 4 is characterized by: Step S3 construction method and technology optimization includes the following process: Organize professional marine engineering technical teams and environmental experts to conduct environmental impact assessments on construction methods. By comparing actual case data, simulation test results, and theoretical calculation analysis of different construction methods under the same construction environment, select the construction method with the least environmental impact as a matching solution; for submarine pipeline materials, select corrosion-resistant, pollution-free, and recyclable materials as environmentally friendly pipeline materials; for optical cable materials, select low-toxicity, biocompatible sheath materials as environmentally friendly optical cable materials; Purchasing materials based on environmentally friendly materials for pipelines and optical cables; During the construction process, a pollutant emission control system is established; including: for wastewater generated during construction, an oil-water separator is installed to remove oil from the wastewater, a sedimentation tank is used to remove suspended solids, and the water quality is adjusted to meet the emission standards through chemical treatment methods before discharge; for waste gas emissions, high-efficiency tail gas purification equipment is used to reduce the pollutant content emitted by construction ships and equipment; a construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism is established: solid waste generated during the construction process is classified and recycled, and reusable materials are sent to processing plants for treatment and then re-invested in marine engineering construction; non-reusable materials are sent to landfills or harmlessly incinerated; a construction technical plan is formulated based on the construction technical plan, matching plan, purchased materials, pollutant emission control system, and construction waste recovery and recycling mechanism.

6. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 5 is characterized by: Step S5 establishes an evaluation index system, including the following process: The constituent elements of the ecological impact index, the constituent indicators of the construction environmental protection index, and the efficiency indicators of resource utilization efficiency are determined. The expert scoring method combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to set corresponding weights for each constituent element, constituent indicator, and efficiency indicator. The ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency are calculated by quantifying the actual monitoring data during the construction process. The ecological impact index, construction environmental protection index, and resource utilization efficiency are calculated by weighted summation to obtain the quantitative evaluation results of the construction process.

7. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation process of the ecological impact index is as follows: Calculate the maximum eigenvalue λmax of the judgment matrix A and its corresponding eigenvector X; Normalize the feature vector X to obtain the weight vector W=[WB,WW,WS] of each element, and WB+WW+WS=1; perform consistency test at the same time and calculate the consistency index CI=(λmax-n) / (n-1); where n is the matrix order, compared with the random consistency index RI, if CI / RI<0.1, the weight determination is reasonable; otherwise, readjust the expert judgment until the consistency requirements are met; Data quantification and index calculation: For the quantification of biodiversity impact degree B, the number of species before facility construction is N1, the biomass is M1, and the species richness is R1; after construction, the corresponding numbers are N2, M2, and R2; calculate the species reduction ratio ΔN=(N1-N2) / N1, the biomass change ratio ΔM=(M1-M2) / M1, and the species richness change ratio ΔR=(R1-R2) / R1; use the weighted summation method to calculate the biodiversity impact degree score B=a1ΔN+a2ΔM+a3*ΔR; where a1, a2, and a3 are coefficients determined according to the importance of each indicator, and a1+a2+a3=1; For the quantification of water quality deterioration degree W: for each water quality index Qi, calculate its change value ΔQi=Qi (after construction)-Qi (before construction); assign weight wi according to the different degrees of ecological impact of each index; water quality deterioration degree score W=∑(wi*|ΔQi| / Qi (standard value)); among them, Qi (standard value) is the environmental quality standard reference value of the water quality index, and the comprehensive water quality deterioration degree quantification value is obtained by summing up the calculation; For the quantification of the degree of subsoil damage S: let the area of ​​subsoil disturbance be A, the total area of ​​the construction area be A0, and the proportion of subsoil stability damage be P; the subsoil damage degree score S=b1*(A / A0)+b2*P; where b1 and b2 are coefficients determined according to the importance of area and stability, and b1+b2=1; Calculation of ecological impact index EI: Based on the determined weight vector W and the quantitative scores of each factor, calculate the ecological impact index EI=WBB+WWW+WS*S.

8. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 7 is characterized by: The calculation process of construction environmental protection index is as follows: Determine the total amount of waste generated by construction as WT, the amount of waste recycled as WR, and the waste recycling rate as U=WR / WT; Determine the weights: Also use the analytic hierarchy process AHP to organize relevant experts to compare and score the four elements of environmental protection of construction methods, proportion of environmentally friendly materials used, pollutant emission reduction, and waste recycling rate to construct a judgment matrix B; Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix B and its corresponding eigenvector Y, and obtain the weight vector V=[VM,VR,VP,VU] after normalization, and VM+VR+VP+VU=1; perform a consistency check, and readjust the expert opinion if the requirements are not met; data quantification and index calculation: based on the comparison with the most environmentally friendly construction method, score according to the pre-set evaluation criteria to obtain the specific value M; directly calculate the proportion value R through the statistical data of construction materials; calculate ΔP based on the pollutant emission monitoring data and prediction data before and after construction, and calculate the comprehensive emission reduction score according to the degree of harm of different pollutants by assigning corresponding weights: assuming that the weights of different pollutants are pi, the comprehensive emission reduction score P=∑(pi*ΔPi); calculate U from waste statistical data; calculation of construction environmental protection index EPI: based on the weight vector V and the quantitative scores of each factor, calculate the construction environmental protection index EPI=VMM+VRR+VPP+VUU.

9. The evaluation method for the green construction process of submarine pipelines and optical cables based on marine ecology according to claim 8 is characterized by: The resource utilization efficiency calculation process is as follows: Energy consumption efficiency E: Calculate the energy consumption Ec per unit length of pipeline or optical cable laying construction workload, and compare it with the industry average energy consumption Ea of the same type of construction projects; Energy consumption efficiency score E=Ea / Ec. If Ec is less than Ea, then E is greater than 1, indicating that the energy utilization efficiency is higher than the industry average; otherwise, it is less than 1; Material utilization efficiency T: Statistically calculate the loss of pipeline and optical cable laying materials TL during construction, and the total material input is TT, then the material utilization efficiency T=(TT-TL) / TT; Weight determination: Use the analytic hierarchy process AHP to determine the weights of energy consumption efficiency and material utilization efficiency; Experts compare and score the importance of the two to construct a judgment matrix C, calculate the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector Z, and obtain the weight vector Z=[ZE,ZT] after normalization, and ZE+ZT=1, and perform consistency test; Calculate the energy consumption efficiency E through construction energy consumption records and workload statistics, and calculate the material utilization efficiency T based on material use and loss statistics; Calculation of resource utilization efficiency RUE: Based on the weight vector Z and the quantitative scores of each factor, calculate the resource utilization efficiency RUE=ZEE+ZTT.

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