Water resource configuration and scheduling model construction method and system based on data base plate

Abstract

The invention provides a water resource configuration and scheduling model construction method and system based on a data base plate, and the method comprises the steps: forming a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database based on collected reservoir data, dividing the databases into different types of supply and demand calculation units, and forming a database; according to actual water supply conditions, configuration units of different water supply types are divided, and a database is formed; constructing a water supply and demand prediction module and forming a water supply and demand prediction result database based on the supply and demand calculation unit and the database thereof; constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling module and forming a water resource allocation result database based on the allocation unit, the database thereof and the water supply and demand prediction result database; and based on the divided units, the constructed module and the data base plate, water resource allocation process simulation and scheduling evaluation are carried out by taking the reservoir as an object. According to the method, the water resource allocation and scheduling model with high adaptability is constructed, and a scientific basis and technical support are provided for comprehensively improving the water resource saving and intensive utilization level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water resource allocation and water volume scheduling, and in particular to a method and system for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the economy and society and the construction of ecological civilization, new and higher requirements have been put forward for water resources. Therefore, it is required to make good use of water resources with careful calculation, manage water resources strictly and meticulously, and continuously promote the conservation and intensive use of water resources, so as to provide strong water resources support and guarantee for the high-quality development of water conservancy in the new stage. The river basin management agencies and local water administrative departments have fully recognized the situation facing water resources management, strengthened the supervision of water use, and carried out comprehensive supervision of different types of water use such as industry, life, agriculture, and ecology from the source, forming a complete water resources monitoring database.

[0003] In order to achieve precise allocation of water resources, digital twin water conservancy construction requires the construction of a water resource allocation and scheduling model, strengthening the unified management and unified scheduling of water resources, and improving water resource management and allocation capabilities from three aspects: "reasonable water distribution", "control of water use" and "scientific water diversion". However, existing water resource allocation and scheduling models are often constructed according to specific projects, and are not adaptable enough to different water sources, different water users, and different configuration requirements, resulting in weak portability of the model, making the construction of water resource allocation and scheduling models for reservoirs with different water supply tasks less efficient. Therefore, the present invention makes full use of data bases such as reservoir basic information, historical water supply, target parameters, etc., and provides a model construction method with strong adaptability. It can efficiently and accurately construct a reservoir water resource allocation and scheduling model, and provide a scientific basis and technical support for improving the ability to optimize the allocation of water resources and comprehensively improve the level of water resource conservation and intensive utilization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a method and system for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base, making full use of the reservoir information infrastructure and the data base, and being able to quickly and efficiently construct a water resource allocation and scheduling model for the reservoir, providing technical support for scientifically and rationally formulating water use plans and determining water volume scheduling plans, and providing a scientific basis for improving the level of water resource conservation and intensive utilization.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the method of the present invention is:

[0006] The method for constructing a water resources allocation and scheduling model based on a data base includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Based on the collected reservoir information and data, a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database are formed, and a digital mapping method is used to divide the water source reservoir into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database;

[0008] Step S2: Based on the collected water source reservoir information and data, the water source reservoir is divided into configuration units of different water supply types according to the actual water supply conditions of different water users, and a configuration unit database is formed;

[0009] Step S3: Based on the supply and demand calculation units and the supply and demand calculation unit database divided in step S1, a water supply and demand prediction module based on the supply and demand calculation units is constructed to perform water inflow forecasting and water demand forecasting for each supply and demand calculation unit, thereby forming a water supply and demand prediction results database;

[0010] Step S4: Based on the configuration units and configuration unit database divided in step S2 and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database in step S3, a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit is constructed to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir, and form a water resource allocation results database;

[0011] Step S5: Based on the divided supply and demand calculation units and configuration units, the constructed supply and demand water forecasting module, and the water resources configuration and scheduling module, the water source reservoir is taken as the object to simulate and calculate the water resources allocation process of the water source reservoir, and perform scheduling evaluation.

[0012] Furthermore, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0013] Step S11. Collect basic information of the water source reservoir, including the catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures, to form a basic information database; collect the long-term series of historical runoff of the water source reservoir, the long-term series of historical surface rainfall in the corresponding catchment area, and the time series of historical water supply of each water supply port to form a historical water supply database; collect ecological flow control indicators and power generation tasks of the water source reservoir to form a target parameter database;

[0014] Step S12. According to the actual water inflow of the water source reservoir and its water collection range, ecological flow monitoring stations, urban and rural water supply gates, irrigation water supply gates, and power generation tasks, they are divided into water inflow calculation units, precipitation calculation units, ecological water demand units, urban and rural water supply units, irrigation water units, and power generation water units, and a supply and demand calculation unit database is formed.

[0015] Furthermore, the configuration units in step S2 include but are not limited to ecological configuration units, industrial and living configuration units, irrigation configuration units, and power generation configuration units.

[0016] Furthermore, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0017] Step S21. According to the collected water source reservoir information and data, the configuration units of different water supply types are divided according to the actual water supply conditions of the water source reservoir to different water users, and the priority level of each configuration unit is set in combination with the importance of each water user;

[0018] Step S22. According to the collected water source reservoir information and data, combined with the water supply guarantee rate of the water source reservoir to different water users, the water supply guarantee rate of each configuration unit is set;

[0019] Step S23: forming a configuration unit database based on the types of configuration units of different water supply types, their priority levels and water supply guarantee rates.

[0020] Furthermore, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0021] Step S31. Access the basic information database to obtain basic information of the water source reservoir including the catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures;

[0022] Step S32. Access the supply and demand calculation unit database to obtain the water inflow calculation unit, precipitation calculation unit, ecological water demand unit, urban and rural water supply unit, irrigation water unit and power generation water unit of the water source reservoir; access the historical water supply database to obtain the long-term series of historical surface rainfall of each precipitation calculation unit, the long-term series of historical runoff of each water inflow calculation unit, the time series of historical urban and rural water supply of each urban and rural water supply unit, and the time series of historical irrigation water of each irrigation water unit; access the target parameter database to obtain the ecological flow control index of each ecological water demand unit and the power generation task of each power generation water unit;

[0023] Step S33. For each precipitation calculation unit, combined with the long-term series of historical surface rainfall, based on the given water frequency, determine the typical year or combine the forecast meteorological data to determine the rainfall process forecast data of each precipitation calculation unit;

[0024] Step S34. For each water inflow calculation unit, based on the long-term series of historical surface rainfall and runoff, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit is calculated according to the monthly runoff coefficient of a typical year; or based on the forecast rainfall process obtained from the forecast meteorological data, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit is determined;

[0025] Step S35. Calculate the ecological water demand forecast data of each ecological water demand unit in combination with the ecological flow control index;

[0026] Step S36. Based on each urban and rural water supply unit and in combination with the historical urban and rural water supply time series, calculate the urban and rural water demand forecast data of each urban and rural water supply unit;

[0027] Step S37. For each irrigation water unit, the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit is calculated by using the typical year method in combination with the historical irrigation water volume time series; or the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit is calculated based on the forecast meteorological data;

[0028] Step S38. Construct a water supply and demand prediction module based on the supply and demand calculation unit, standardize the above rainfall process forecast, runoff process forecast, ecological water demand forecast, urban and rural water demand forecast, and irrigation water demand forecast data, and store the results in a database to form a water supply and demand forecast results database.

[0029] Furthermore, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0030] Step S41. Access the configuration unit database to obtain the configuration unit information of the water source reservoir; access the water supply and demand forecast results database to read the rainfall process forecast data of each precipitation calculation unit calculated in step S3, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit, the ecological water demand forecast data of each ecological water demand unit, the urban and rural water demand forecast data of each urban and rural water supply unit, and the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit; access the target parameter database to read the power generation task of each power generation water unit;

[0031] Step S42. Obtain the forecast period length, time step, and water source reservoir code, and take the water source reservoir as the object to form a time loop with the time step as the period and the forecast period as the total period length;

[0032] Step S43. Combine the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit calculated in step S3, and calculate the sum of the forecast flow of each water inflow calculation unit in the current period as the total runoff of the water source reservoir in the current period;

[0033] Step S44. Combine the water demand forecast data of each supply and demand calculation unit calculated in step S3, traverse the configuration units of the water source reservoir, and count the total water demand of different configuration units in the current period;

[0034] Step S45. Construct a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit, and determine the water resource allocation rules according to the priority levels from high to low in combination with the configuration unit priority set in step S2; access the basic information database and target parameter database of the water source reservoir, and for the current period, in combination with the total runoff of the water source reservoir, the total water demand of different configuration units and the power generation task, perform water scheduling for the current period in accordance with the determined water resource allocation rules, calculate the water supply and water shortage of each configuration unit in the current period, the water abandonment of the water source reservoir and the water level at the end of the period, and use the water level at the end of the current period as the initial reservoir water level for the next period; standardize the calculation results of the water resource allocation and scheduling module and store the results in the database to form a water resource allocation results database.

[0035] Furthermore, the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0036] Step S51. Given the required database table names for the basic information database, historical water supply database, target parameter database, water supply and demand forecast results database, and water resources allocation results database, provide the database link method, and perform data backplane configuration;

[0037] Step S52. Provide and input operation time parameters, operation object parameters, rainfall forecast method, runoff forecast method, urban and rural water demand forecast method, irrigation water demand forecast method parameters, and operate the model based on the constructed water supply and demand forecast module and water resource allocation and scheduling module;

[0038] Step S53. Based on the water supply and demand prediction module constructed in step S3, the water supply and demand prediction results are automatically saved in the water supply and demand prediction results database after the model is run. The predicted precipitation process of each precipitation calculation unit, the predicted runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit, the predicted ecological water demand process of each ecological water demand unit, the predicted urban and rural water demand process of each urban and rural water supply unit, the predicted irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit, and the predicted power generation water demand process of each power generation water unit are screened and analyzed through the scheme code;

[0039] Step S54. Based on the water resource allocation and scheduling module constructed in step S4, the water resource allocation and scheduling results are automatically saved in the water resource allocation results database table after the model is run, and the water inflow of the water source reservoir, the water demand of each configuration unit, the water supply and water shortage, the reservoir water loss, the abandoned water, and the water level and water storage capacity of the water source reservoir at the end of the period are viewed and analyzed through the scheme code screening;

[0040] Step S55. Based on the model simulation calculation results, combined with the water demand and water supply of each configuration unit, calculate and evaluate the water supply guarantee rate of different water use types; combined with the water level of the water source reservoir at the end of each time period, calculate and analyze the fullness rate of the water source reservoir at the end of each time period;

[0041] Step S56. Based on the model simulation calculation results, prepare a water use plan for the water source reservoir in each time period during the forecast period.

[0042] On the other hand, the present invention provides a water resources configuration and scheduling model construction system based on a data base, comprising:

[0043] Data collection and sorting module: It is used to collect reservoir information and data, analyze and sort the basic information, historical water supply, target parameters and other data into the database, forming a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database; Supply and demand calculation unit division module: It is used for the actual situation of the water source reservoir, and uses the digital mapping method to divide the water source reservoir into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database;

[0044] Configuration unit division module: it is used to divide the water source reservoir into different configuration units based on water supply type according to different water supply and water use types based on the actual situation of the water source reservoir and form a configuration unit database;

[0045] Water supply and demand forecasting construction module: It is used to construct a water supply and demand forecasting module of the supply and demand calculation unit based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and the supply and demand calculation unit database to perform water inflow forecast and water demand forecast of each supply and demand calculation unit, and form a water supply and demand forecasting results database;

[0046] Water resource allocation and scheduling construction module: It is used to construct the water resource allocation and scheduling module of the configuration unit based on the divided configuration unit and the configuration unit database and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir and form a water resource allocation results database;

[0047] Simulation calculation module: It is used to simulate the water resource allocation process of the water source reservoir based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and configuration unit, the constructed supply and demand water forecast module, and the water resource allocation and scheduling module, and conduct scheduling evaluation on the water source reservoir;

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] The method and system for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base provided by the present invention, based on data bases such as a basic information database, a historical water supply database, a target parameter database, a water supply and demand forecast results database, and a water resource allocation results database, use modularization as a means, and according to the actual water resource business conditions of the water source reservoir, fully utilize the information infrastructure and the data base, and can quickly and efficiently construct a water resource allocation and scheduling model for the water source reservoir, provide a scientific basis for scientifically and rationally formulating water use plans and determining water volume scheduling plans, and provide technical support for improving the level of water resource conservation and intensive utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the division of the supply and demand calculation unit and the configuration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 The data flow diagram of the model of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 It is a simulation flow chart of the model of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of water users of the Wangying Reservoir hub project according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the division of supply and demand calculation units in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 6 The supply and demand calculation unit division results and storage in the embodiment of the present invention, a: water inflow calculation unit setting, b: precipitation calculation unit setting, c: ecological water demand unit setting, d: urban and rural water supply unit setting, e: irrigation water unit setting.

[0057] Figure 7 The configuration unit division results and storage in the embodiment of the present invention, ECO represents the ecological configuration unit, URBAN represents the life and industry configuration unit, ARG represents the irrigation configuration unit, ELEC represents the emission point configuration unit.

[0058] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the rainfall process predicted by the precipitation calculation unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig. 9 This is a runoff forecast process diagram of the incoming water calculation unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig.10 This is a diagram of the predicted ecological water demand process of the ecological water demand unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Fig.11 It is a process diagram of predicted urban and rural water demand of three urban and rural water supply units in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Fig.12 This is a diagram showing the irrigation water demand prediction results for three irrigation water units in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the calculation results of the water resources allocation and scheduling model in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Fig.14 The diagram shows a water use plan compiled based on simulation results in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0068] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for constructing a water resource configuration and scheduling model based on a data base, including the following steps:

[0069] Step S1: Based on the collected reservoir information and data, a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database are formed, and a digital mapping method is used to divide the water source reservoir into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database;

[0070] Step S2: Based on the collected water source reservoir information and data, the water source reservoir is divided into configuration units of different water supply types according to the actual water supply conditions of different water users, and a configuration unit database is formed;

[0071] Step S3: Based on the supply and demand calculation units and the supply and demand calculation unit database divided in step S1, a water supply and demand prediction module based on the supply and demand calculation units is constructed to perform water inflow forecasting and water demand forecasting for each supply and demand calculation unit, thereby forming a water supply and demand prediction results database;

[0072] Step S4: Based on the configuration units and configuration unit database divided in step S2 and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database in step S3, a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit is constructed to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir, and form a water resource allocation results database;

[0073] Step S5: Based on the divided supply and demand calculation units and configuration units, the constructed supply and demand water forecasting module, and the water resources configuration and scheduling module, the water source reservoir is taken as the object to simulate and calculate the water resources allocation process of the water source reservoir, and perform scheduling evaluation.

[0074] Further, in step S1: a supply and demand calculation unit design method based on a digital mapping method (see schematic diagram) Figure 1 ), according to the actual situation of the water source reservoir, the digital mapping method is used to design the supply and demand calculation unit, and the steps include: (1) collecting and storing water source reservoir information and data, (2) dividing the incoming water calculation unit, (3) dividing the precipitation calculation unit, (4) dividing the ecological water demand unit, (5) dividing the urban and rural water supply unit, (6) dividing the irrigation water unit, (7) dividing the power generation water unit, and (8) designing the database table structure of the supply and demand calculation unit.

[0075] (1) Collection and storage of information and data on water source reservoirs. With water source reservoirs as the object, basic information on water source reservoirs including catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures are collected to form a basic information database; long-term series of historical runoff of water source reservoirs, long-term series of historical surface rainfall in the corresponding catchment area, and time series of historical water supply of each water supply port are collected to form a historical water supply database; ecological flow control indicators and power generation tasks of water source reservoirs are collected to form a target parameter database;

[0076] (2) Division of water inflow calculation units. Based on the actual water inflow situation of the source reservoir, the digital mapping method is used to divide the water inflow calculation units to ensure that the source reservoir has at least one water inflow calculation unit and each water inflow calculation unit has a long-term series of historical runoff.

[0077] (3) Division of precipitation calculation units. Combine the divided water inflow calculation units with the precipitation calculation units to ensure that each water inflow calculation unit has a corresponding precipitation calculation unit and each precipitation calculation unit has a long-term series of historical surface rainfall.

[0078] (4) Division of ecological water demand units. When a water source reservoir has an ecological water supply task, the digital mapping method is used to divide the ecological water demand units in combination with the actual ecological water demand of the water source reservoir to ensure that each ecological flow monitoring station of the water source reservoir generates a corresponding ecological water demand unit and provides the ecological flow control index value of each ecological water demand unit.

[0079] (5) Division of urban and rural water supply units. When a water source reservoir has the task of urban and rural water supply, the digital mapping method is used to divide the urban and rural water supply units in combination with the actual domestic and industrial water supply conditions of the water source reservoir, ensuring that each domestic and industrial water supply port of the water source reservoir generates a corresponding urban and rural water supply unit, and each urban and rural water supply unit has the actual measured water supply data for the past five years.

[0080] (6) Division of irrigation water units. When a water source reservoir has an irrigation water supply task, the digital mapping method is used to divide the irrigation water units based on the actual irrigation water situation of the water source reservoir to ensure that each irrigation water supply gate of the water source reservoir generates a corresponding irrigation water unit and each irrigation water unit has a time series of measured irrigation water volume.

[0081] (7) Division of water use units for power generation. When the water source reservoir has a power generation task, the digital mapping method is used to divide the water use units for power generation in combination with the power generation task of the water source reservoir to ensure that each water use unit for power generation in the water source reservoir has detailed power generation scheduling regulations.

[0082] (8) Database table structure design for supply and demand calculation units. For the above-mentioned water inflow calculation unit, precipitation calculation unit, ecological water demand unit, urban and rural water supply unit, irrigation water unit, and power generation water unit, a supply and demand calculation unit database is formed according to the standardized database table structure design (see Table 1-Table 6 for details); when adding supply and demand calculation units, they can be added and set quickly and conveniently.

[0083] Table 1 Water inflow calculation unit attribute table

[0084]

[0085] Table 2 Precipitation calculation unit attribute table

[0086]

[0087] Table 3 Ecological water demand unit attribute table

[0088]

[0089] Table 4 Attributes of urban and rural water supply units

[0090]

[0091] Table 5 Irrigation water unit attribute table

[0092]

[0093] Table 6 Power generation water unit attribute table

[0094]

[0095] Step S2: Configuration unit design method based on water supply type (schematic diagram see Figure 1) is divided into configuration units according to the actual water supply situation of the water source reservoir to different water users, and the steps include: (1) configuration unit division, (2) priority level definition, (3) generation of water supply guarantee rate setting, and (4) database table structure design of the configuration unit.

[0096] (1) Division of configuration units. Based on the collected water source reservoir information and data, the water source reservoirs are divided into ecological, industrial and domestic, irrigation, power generation and other configuration units according to their actual water supply to different water users such as ecology, industry and domestic, irrigation, and power generation;

[0097] (2) Priority definition: Based on the collected water source reservoir information and data, combined with the importance of water source reservoirs to different water users, define the priority levels of different configuration units such as ecology, industry and life, irrigation, and power generation.

[0098] (3) Setting of water supply guarantee rate. The water supply guarantee rate of each configuration unit is set based on the collected water source reservoir information and data and the water supply guarantee rate of the water source reservoir for different water users.

[0099] (4) Database table structure design for configuration units. For the configuration units confirmed in the above scheme, the corresponding water supply type, priority level and water supply guarantee rate, a standardized database table structure design (see Table 7) is used to form a configuration unit database; when adding or deleting configuration units, they can be added and set quickly and conveniently.

[0100] Table 7 Irrigation water unit attribute table

[0101]

[0102] In step S3: in the construction of the water supply and demand forecasting module based on the supply and demand calculation unit, the divided water supply and demand units are combined to perform water inflow forecasting and water demand forecasting based on the data baseboard (see Figure 2 ), the specific modules include: (1) acquisition of basic data of water sources and reservoirs, (2) acquisition of data of supply and demand calculation units, (3) acquisition of historical data based on supply and demand calculation units, (4) acquisition of target parameters based on supply and demand calculation units, (5) rainfall process forecast based on precipitation calculation units, (6) runoff process forecast based on inflow calculation units, (7) ecological water demand forecast based on ecological water demand units, (8) urban and rural water demand forecast based on urban and rural water supply units, (9) irrigation water demand forecast based on irrigation water units, (10) construction of water supply and demand water forecasting module based on water supply and demand units and storage of results.

[0103] (1) Obtaining basic data of water source reservoirs. Access the basic information database to access the database table to obtain basic information of water source reservoirs including catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and dispatching procedures.

[0104] (2) Acquisition of supply and demand calculation unit data. Access the supply and demand calculation unit database to access the database table to obtain the water inflow calculation unit, precipitation calculation unit, ecological water demand unit, urban and rural water supply unit, irrigation water unit, and power generation water unit of the water source reservoir.

[0105] (3) Acquisition of historical data based on supply and demand calculation units. Access the historical water supply database to access the database table to obtain the long-term series of historical surface rainfall for each precipitation calculation unit, the long-term series of historical runoff for each water inflow calculation unit, the time series of historical urban and rural water supply for each urban and rural water supply unit, and the time series of historical irrigation water for each irrigation water unit.

[0106] (4) Obtaining target parameters based on the supply and demand calculation unit. Access the target parameter database to access the database table to obtain target parameters such as the ecological flow control index of each ecological water demand unit and the power generation task of each power generation water unit.

[0107] (5) Precipitation process forecast based on precipitation calculation unit. For each precipitation calculation unit, combined with the long-term series of historical surface rainfall, based on the given water inflow frequency, the typical year is determined using the empirical frequency method, and the forecast rainfall process of each precipitation calculation unit is determined using the typical year method; or combined with the forecast meteorological data pushed by the Meteorological Bureau, the forecast rainfall process of each precipitation calculation unit is determined.

[0108] (6) Forecast of runoff process based on water inflow calculation unit. For each water inflow calculation unit, the forecast runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit is calculated based on the monthly runoff coefficient of a typical year in combination with the long-term series of historical surface rainfall and runoff; or based on the forecast rainfall process obtained from the forecast meteorological data, the forecast runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit is determined using the Xin'anjiang model or the runoff coefficient method.

[0109] (7) Ecological water demand prediction based on ecological water demand units. For each ecological water demand unit, combined with the ecological flow control index, the predicted ecological water demand process of each ecological water demand unit is calculated.

[0110] (8) Forecast of urban and rural water demand based on urban and rural water supply units. For each urban and rural water supply unit, combined with the historical urban and rural water supply time series, the growth forecast method or multi-year average method is used to calculate the predicted urban and rural water demand process of each urban and rural water supply unit.

[0111] (9) Forecast of irrigation water demand based on irrigation water units. For each irrigation water unit, the irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit is predicted using the typical year method in combination with the historical irrigation water volume time series; or based on the forecast meteorological data, the quota method and the re-storage coefficient method are used to calculate the predicted irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit.

[0112] (10) Construction of water supply and demand forecasting module based on water supply and demand unit and storage of results. Construct a water supply and demand forecasting module based on water supply and demand unit, standardize the above-mentioned rainfall process forecast, runoff process forecast, ecological water demand forecast, urban and rural water demand forecast, irrigation water demand forecast and other results in accordance with the requirements of "Real-time Rainfall Database Table Structure and Identifier" (SL323-2011) and store the results in the database to form a water supply and demand forecast results database.

[0113] In step S4: in the construction of the water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit, on the basis of the water supply and demand forecast, the water resource allocation and scheduling module of the water source reservoir is constructed (see Figure 2 ), the steps of which include: (1) acquiring configuration unit data, (2) reading water supply and demand forecast results, (3) setting up calculation cycles, (4) counting the inflow of runoff into the source reservoir, (5) counting the total water demand of each configuration unit of the source reservoir, and (6) constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit and storing the results.

[0114] (1) Acquisition of configuration unit data: Access the configuration unit database to obtain information such as the configuration units, priority levels, and water supply guarantee rates of water source reservoirs.

[0115] (2) Reading water supply and demand forecast results. Access the water supply and demand forecast results database to access the database table to read the forecast rainfall process of each precipitation calculation unit, the forecast runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit, the predicted ecological water demand process of each ecological water demand unit, the urban and rural water demand process of each urban and rural water supply unit, and the irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit calculated in step S3; access the target parameter database to access the database table to read the power generation task of each power generation water unit.

[0116] (3) Calculation cycle setting. Obtain the model operation parameters such as the forecast period length, time step, water source reservoir code, etc., take the water source reservoir as the object, and form a time cycle with the time step as the period and the forecast period as the total period length.

[0117] (4) Statistics of water source reservoir runoff. Combined with the runoff forecast process of each water inflow calculation unit calculated in step S3, the sum of the forecast inflow of each water inflow calculation unit in the current period is counted as the total runoff of the water source reservoir in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0118]

[0119] Where N qin is the number of water inflow calculation units divided by the water source reservoir; t is the current time period; is the forecast inflow of the i-th water inflow calculation unit in the current period; Δt is the length of the time step.

[0120] (5) Statistics of water demand of each configuration unit of the water source reservoir. Combined with the water demand prediction process of each supply and demand calculation unit calculated in step S3, the configuration units of the water source reservoir are traversed to respectively count the total water demand of different configuration units corresponding to the water use type in the current period.

[0121] For the ecological configuration unit, the sum of the ecological water demand of each ecological water demand unit is calculated as the total ecological water demand of the water source reservoir in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0122]

[0123] Where N eco The number of ecological water demand units assigned to source reservoirs; is the ecological water demand of the jth ecological water demand unit in the current period.

[0124] For living and industrial configuration units, the sum of urban and rural water demand of each urban and rural water supply unit is calculated as the total urban and rural water demand of the water source reservoir in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0125]

[0126] Where N urb Number of urban and rural water supply units allocated for source reservoirs; is the urban and rural water demand of the kth urban and rural water supply unit in the current period.

[0127] For irrigation configuration units, the sum of irrigation water requirements of each irrigation water unit is calculated as the total irrigation water requirement of the water source reservoir in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Where N irr Number of irrigation water units allocated for source reservoirs; It is the irrigation water demand of the mth irrigation water unit in the current period.

[0130] (6) Construction of water resource allocation and scheduling module based on configuration units and storage of results. Combined with the priority levels of different configuration units defined in step S2, water resource allocation rules are determined according to the priority levels from high to low; access to the basic information database and target parameter database of the water source reservoir, for the current period, combined with the total runoff of the water source reservoir, the total ecological water demand, the total urban and rural water demand, the total irrigation water demand and the power generation task, according to the characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity and non-flood season benefit scheduling regulations and flood season flood control scheduling regulations provided in step S1, according to the determined water resource allocation rules, the reservoir water volume scheduling for the current period is carried out, the water supply and water shortage of each configuration unit in the current period, the water abandonment of the water source reservoir and the water level at the end of the period are calculated, and the water level at the end of the current period is used as the initial reservoir water level of the next period; the calculation results of the water resource allocation and scheduling module are standardized and stored in the database to form a water resource allocation results database.

[0131] In step S5: based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and configuration unit, the constructed supply and demand water forecasting module, and the water resources allocation and scheduling module, the water source reservoir is taken as the object to simulate and calculate the water resources allocation process of the water source reservoir, and a scheduling evaluation is performed. The steps include: (1) database configuration, (2) operation parameter input and model operation, (3) analysis of supply and demand water forecasting results, (4) analysis of water resources allocation results, (5) scheduling evaluation, and (6) preparation of water use plan.

[0132] (1) Database configuration. Given the required database table names for the basic information database, historical water supply database, target parameter database, water supply and demand forecast results database, and water resources allocation results database, provide the database link method, and perform data backplane configuration.

[0133] (2) Operation parameter input and model operation. Provide and input operation time parameters such as forecast period length, time step, water source reservoir, operation object parameters such as water source reservoir code and scheme code, and calculation method parameters such as rainfall forecast method, runoff forecast method, urban and rural water demand forecast method, and irrigation water demand forecast method. After constructing the water supply and demand forecast module and the water resources allocation and scheduling module, run the model.

[0134] (3) Analysis of water supply and demand forecast results. Based on the water supply and demand forecast module constructed in step S3, the water supply and demand forecast results are automatically saved in the water supply and demand forecast results database after the model is run. The predicted precipitation process of each precipitation calculation unit, the predicted runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit, the predicted ecological water demand process of each ecological water demand unit, the predicted urban and rural water demand process of each urban and rural water supply unit, the predicted irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit, and the predicted power generation water demand process of each power generation water unit are screened and analyzed through the scheme code.

[0135] (4) Analysis of water resource allocation results. Based on the water resource allocation and scheduling model constructed in step S4, the water resource allocation results are automatically saved in the water resource allocation results database table after the model is run. The water inflow of the water source reservoir, the water demand of each configuration unit, the water supply and water shortage, the reservoir water loss, the abandoned water, and the water level and water storage capacity of the water source reservoir at the end of the period are viewed and analyzed through the scheme code screening.

[0136] (5) Scheduling evaluation. Based on the model simulation calculation results, combined with the water demand and water supply of each configuration unit, the water supply guarantee rate of different water use types is calculated and analyzed; combined with the water level of the water source reservoir at the end of each time period, the storage rate of the water source reservoir at the end of each time period is calculated and analyzed.

[0137] (6) Preparation of water use plan: Based on the model simulation calculation results, prepare the water use plan for each period of the water source reservoir during the forecast period.

[0138] Take the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project as an example:

[0139] The Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is a large-scale water conservancy project that is mainly used for water supply, irrigation, and flood control, and also has comprehensive uses such as power generation, tourism, and ecology. It consists of the Wangying Reservoir and the Caixian Reservoir, and the two reservoirs are connected by a water transfer tunnel to form a whole. The rainfall-bearing area of ​​the Wangying Reservoir Hub is 287.7km 2 , with a total storage capacity of 623 million m 3 , Xingli reservoir capacity 268.8 million m 3 The average annual water inflow is 232 million m 3 The water quality of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is excellent. In addition to the ecological flow replenishment of the downstream river, the current water supply targets include irrigation water for 14 towns in Yangxin County, Xianning City, Jiangxia District, Daye City and Ezhou City, as well as domestic and industrial water for the urban area of ​​Xianning City, Daye City and Yangxin County (see the schematic diagram Figure 4 The specific situation is as follows:

[0140] (1) Ecological water demand. The ecological flow control index value of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is 0.735m 3 / s.

[0141] (2) Urban and rural water supply. The urban and rural water supply scope of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project includes the urban area and 5 townships of Xianning City, the urban area and 8 townships of Yangxin County, the central urban area of ​​Daye City and 7 urban-rural integrated townships. The urban and rural domestic and industrial water supply guarantee rate is 95%. The urban and rural water supply volume of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is counted from the three water supply ports of Xianning, Yangxin and Daye.

[0142] (3) Irrigation water. The urban and rural water supply scope of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project includes 14 towns in five counties and cities, including Jiangxia District, Xian'an District, Ezhou City, Yangxin County and Daye City. The irrigation guarantee rate is 80%. The irrigation water consumption of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is counted by the three head gates of Yangwu Main Canal, Sanxi Canal and Caixian Canal.

[0143] (4) Water for power generation. The Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is equipped with an ecological flow generator set, which can use the ecological flow to generate electricity. In addition, it can also use excess water to generate electricity, but it does not have the power generation task.

[0144] (5) Data collation and storage. Collect basic information such as the catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project to form a basic information database; collect the long-term series of historical runoff of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, the long-term series of historical surface rainfall in the corresponding catchment area, and the time series of historical water supply of each water supply port to form a historical water supply database; collect ecological flow control indicators and power generation tasks of water source reservoirs to form a target parameter database.

[0145] Based on the collected information and data of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, according to the actual water users of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in this implementation case, the digital mapping method is used to design the division of supply and demand calculation units of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, such as Figure 5 As shown, a supply and demand calculation unit database is formed. The specific steps are as follows:

[0146] (1) Division of water inflow calculation units. Combined with the content described in step 1, it can be seen that Wangying Reservoir and Caixian Reservoir are connected as a whole by a water transfer tunnel. The inflow process of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is generally calculated by reverse calculation using the water balance formula. Therefore, the water inflow calculation unit of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is determined to be 1.

[0147] (2) Division of precipitation calculation units. Compared with the inflow calculation unit, there is one rainfall calculation unit, which is the catchment area of ​​the Wangying Reservoir hub project. The catchment area is 287.7 km 2 .

[0148] (3) Division of ecological water demand units. Combined with the content described in step 1, it can be seen that there is only one ecological flow control section in the downstream river of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project. Therefore, the ecological water demand unit is determined to be one, and its ecological flow control target is 0.735m 3 / s.

[0149] (4) Division of urban and rural water supply units. Combined with the content described in step 1, it can be seen that the urban and rural water supply areas of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are divided into Xianning District, Daye District and Yangxin District. Therefore, the urban and rural water supply units of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are divided into three areas, namely Xianning District, Daye District and Yangxin District.

[0150] (5) Division of irrigation water units. Combined with the content described in step 1, it can be seen that the irrigation area of ​​the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is divided into Yangwu Main Canal Area, Caixian Canal Area and Sanxi Canal Area. Therefore, the irrigation water units of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are divided into three areas, namely Yangwu Main Canal Area, Caixian Canal Area and Sanxi Canal Area.

[0151] (6) Construction of supply and demand calculation unit database. Based on the supply and demand calculation units divided in the above steps and combined with the database table structure design described in step S2, the supply and demand calculation unit database table of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is constructed. The results are shown in Figure 6 .

[0152] According to the actual water use type of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in this implementation case, the configuration unit of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is divided and a configuration unit database is formed. The specific steps are as follows:

[0153] (1) Determination of configuration units. According to step 1, the actual water supply and use types of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project include ecology, industry and life, agricultural irrigation, ecological power generation, and surplus water power generation. Therefore, the configuration units of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are determined to include ecology, industry and life, irrigation, and power generation.

[0154] (2) Priority definition. According to step 1, the priorities of the actual water supply and use types of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are as follows: ecology, industry and life, agricultural irrigation, and power generation (surplus water power generation, no power generation task).

[0155] (3) Setting of water supply guarantee rate: According to step 1, the ecological water supply guarantee rate is 95%, the urban and rural life and industrial water supply guarantee rate is 95%, the irrigation water supply guarantee rate is 80%, and there is no requirement for the power generation water supply guarantee rate, so it is set to 0.

[0156] (4) Construction of configuration unit database. Based on the actual situation of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project described in the above steps, combined with the database table structure design of the configuration unit described in step S2, the configuration unit database table of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is constructed. The results are shown in Figure 7 .

[0157] Combined with the method described in step S3, the water supply and demand forecasting module of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in this implementation case is constructed, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0158] (1) Obtaining basic data on water sources and reservoirs. Access the basic information database to obtain basic information such as the catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures of the Wangying Reservoir hub project in the form of database tables.

[0159] (2) Data acquisition of supply and demand calculation units. Access the supply and demand calculation unit database to obtain information on one water inflow calculation unit, one precipitation calculation unit, one ecological water demand unit, three urban and rural water supply units, and three irrigation water units of the Wangying Reservoir hub project in the form of database tables.

[0160] (3) Acquisition of historical data based on supply and demand calculation units. Access the historical water supply database and obtain the long-term series of historical surface rainfall of one precipitation calculation unit, the long-term series of historical runoff of one water inflow calculation unit, the ecological flow control index of one ecological water demand unit, the time series of historical urban and rural water supply of three urban and rural water supply units, and the time series of historical irrigation water of three irrigation water units in the form of access to the database.

[0161] (4) Precipitation process forecast based on precipitation calculation unit: According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, the typical year method is selected to calculate the forecast rainfall process of one precipitation calculation unit.

[0162] (5) Forecast of runoff process based on the inflow calculation unit: According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, the runoff coefficient method is selected to calculate the predicted runoff process of one inflow calculation unit.

[0163] (6) Ecological water demand prediction based on ecological water demand units. According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, combined with the ecological flow control index of 0.735m for the Wangying Reservoir hub project, 3 / s, calculate the predicted ecological water demand process of one ecological water demand unit.

[0164] (7) Prediction of urban and rural water demand based on urban and rural water supply units. According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, combined with the historical urban and rural water supply time series of the three urban and rural water supply units of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, the multi-year average method is used to calculate the predicted urban and rural water demand process of the three urban and rural water supply units.

[0165] (8) Irrigation water demand prediction based on irrigation water units. According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, the historical irrigation water volume time series of the three irrigation water units of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are combined, and the typical year method is used to calculate the predicted irrigation water demand process of the three irrigation water units respectively.

[0166] (9) Construction of water supply and demand prediction module based on water supply and demand units and storage of results. According to the method described in step S3, in this implementation case, the predicted rainfall process of the above-calculated precipitation calculation unit, the predicted rainfall process of the precipitation calculation unit, the predicted runoff process of the water inflow calculation unit, the predicted ecological water demand process of the ecological water demand unit, the predicted urban and rural water demand process of the three urban and rural water supply units, and the predicted irrigation water demand process of the three irrigation water units are stored in the database according to the requirements of the standard database to form a water supply and demand prediction results database.

[0167] The specific steps for constructing the water resources allocation and dispatching module of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in this implementation case are as follows:

[0168] (1) Acquisition of configuration unit data: Access the configuration unit database to obtain the ecological, life and industry, and irrigation configuration unit information of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in the form of database tables.

[0169] (2) Reading water supply and demand forecast results. Access the water supply and demand forecast results database, access the database table, and read the forecast rainfall process of one precipitation calculation unit, the forecast rainfall process of one precipitation calculation unit, the forecast runoff process of one water inflow calculation unit, the forecast ecological water demand process of one ecological water demand unit, the forecast urban and rural water demand process of three urban and rural water supply units, and the forecast irrigation water demand process of three irrigation water units in step 4.

[0170] (3) Calculation cycle settings

[0171] The model operation parameters such as the forecast period length, time step, and Wangying Reservoir Hub Project code are obtained. The Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is taken as the object to form a time cycle with the time step as the period and the forecast period as the total period length.

[0172] (4) Statistics of runoff inflow to Wangying Reservoir Hub Project

[0173] Combined with the runoff forecast process of one water inflow calculation unit calculated in step 4, the forecast inflow of one water inflow calculation unit in the current period is counted as the total forecast runoff of the Wangying Reservoir hub project in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0174]

[0175] Where N qin is the number of water inflow calculation units divided for the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project (1 in this implementation case); t is the current period; is the forecast inflow of the i-th water inflow calculation unit in the current period; Δt is the length of the time step.

[0176] (5) Statistics on water demand of each configuration unit of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project

[0177] For the ecological configuration unit, the predicted ecological water demand of one ecological water demand unit calculated in step 4 in the current period is counted as the total predicted ecological water demand of the Wangying Reservoir hub project in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0178]

[0179] Where N eco The number of ecological water demand units divided for the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project (1 in this implementation case); is the ecological water demand of the jth ecological water demand unit in the current period.

[0180] For the living and industrial configuration units, the sum of the predicted urban and rural water demands of the three urban and rural water supply units calculated in step 4 in the current period is used as the total predicted urban and rural water demand of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0181]

[0182] Where N urb The number of urban and rural water supply units divided for the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project (3 in this implementation case); is the urban and rural water demand of the kth urban and rural water supply unit in the current period.

[0183] For the irrigation configuration unit, the sum of the irrigation water demand of the three irrigation water units calculated in step 4 in the current period is used as the predicted total irrigation water demand of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in the current period. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0184]

[0185] Where N irr The number of irrigation water units allocated for the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project (3 in this implementation case); It is the irrigation water demand of the mth irrigation water unit in the current period.

[0186] (6) Construction of water resources allocation and scheduling module based on configuration unit and storage of results

[0187] Combined with the four configuration units defined in step 2, namely ecology, industry and life, irrigation, and power generation, the priorities from high to low are ecology, industry and life, irrigation, and power generation. Determine the water resource allocation rules according to the priorities from high to low;

[0188] Access the basic information database and target parameter database of the water source reservoir. For the current period, combined with the predicted total runoff, predicted ecological water demand, predicted urban and rural water demand, and predicted irrigation water demand of the Wangying Reservoir hub project, according to the characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, and non-flood season benefit dispatching procedures and flood season flood control dispatching procedures of the Wangying Reservoir hub project obtained in step 4, according to the determined water resources allocation rules, the water volume dispatch of the Wangying Reservoir hub project in the current period is carried out, and the water supply and water shortage of the four configuration units in the current period, the abandoned water volume of the Wangying Reservoir hub project and the water level at the end of the period are calculated, and the water level at the end of the current period is used as the initial reservoir water level of the next period; the calculation results of the water resources allocation and dispatching module are stored in the database according to the requirements of the standard database to form a water resources allocation results database.

[0189] Model operation and simulation results analysis

[0190] Based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and configuration unit, the constructed supply and demand water forecast module, and the water resources allocation and scheduling module, the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project is taken as the object to simulate and calculate the water resources allocation process of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, and conduct scheduling evaluation. The specific steps are as follows:

[0191] (1) Database configuration.

[0192] Provide links to the Wangying Reservoir hub project basic information database, historical water supply database, target parameter database, water supply and demand forecast results database, and water resources allocation results database to configure the database of the data base.

[0193] (2) Operation parameter input and model operation.

[0194] According to the specific business needs of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, in this implementation case, the water source reservoir is the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, the forecast period is determined to be 2025, the time step is monthly, and the given water inflow frequency is 50%. It is determined to use the typical year method to calculate the forecast rainfall process, the runoff coefficient method to calculate the forecast runoff process, and the ecological flow control index to calculate and predict the ecological water demand process. The multi-year average method is used to predict the urban and rural water demand process, and the typical year method is used to predict the irrigation water demand process; run the model to simulate the water resource allocation process of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project.

[0195] (3) Analysis of water supply and demand forecast results.

[0196] In this implementation case, based on the water supply and demand forecasting module of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project constructed in step 4, after running the model, the monthly forecast precipitation process of one precipitation calculation unit of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in 2025 is obtained (see Figure 8 ), 1 water inflow calculation unit 2025 monthly runoff forecast process (see Fig. 9), 1 ecological water demand unit monthly forecast ecological water demand process in 2025 (see Fig.10 ), 3 urban and rural water supply units monthly forecast of urban and rural water demand process in 2025 (see Fig.11 ), the monthly forecast of irrigation water demand process of three irrigation water units in 2025 (see Fig.12 ).

[0197] (4) Analysis of water resources allocation results.

[0198] In this implementation case, based on the water resources allocation and dispatching module of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project constructed in step 4, after running the model, the water resources allocation and dispatching results of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project are obtained, including the monthly water inflow, ecological water supply and water shortage, urban and rural water supply and water shortage, irrigation water supply and water shortage, reservoir water loss, power generation water, abandoned water, and water storage and water level at the end of the month of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in 2025. The specific results are shown in Fig.13 .

[0199] (5) Scheduling evaluation results.

[0200] In this implementation case, based on the water supply and demand forecast results and water resource allocation results of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, combined with the water demand and water supply of each configuration unit, the water supply guarantee rate of each water use type is calculated; combined with the reservoir water level of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project at the end of each period, the corresponding end-of-month storage rate is calculated. The specific results are shown in Fig.13 .

[0201] (6) Prepare water use plans.

[0202] Based on the simulation results of the water resources allocation and dispatching model of the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, a monthly water use plan for the Wangying Reservoir Hub Project in 2025 was compiled. Fig.14 .

[0203] Example 2

[0204] This embodiment provides a water resource configuration and scheduling model construction system based on a data base, including:

[0205] Data collection and storage module: It is used to collect information and data of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project, analyze and organize it, and store basic information, historical water supply, target parameters and other data into the database to form a basic information database, historical water supply database and target parameter database;

[0206] Supply and demand calculation unit division module: It is used for the actual situation of Wangying Reservoir Hub Project. It uses digital mapping method to divide Wangying Reservoir Hub Project into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database;

[0207] Configuration unit division module: It is used to divide the Wangying Reservoir hub project into different configuration units based on water supply type according to different water supply and water types based on the actual situation of the Wangying Reservoir hub project and form a configuration unit database;

[0208] Water supply and demand forecasting construction module: It is used to construct a water supply and demand forecasting module of the supply and demand calculation unit based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and the supply and demand calculation unit database to perform water inflow forecast and water demand forecast of each supply and demand calculation unit, and form a water supply and demand forecasting results database;

[0209] Water resource allocation and scheduling construction module: It is used to construct the water resource allocation and scheduling module of the configuration unit based on the divided configuration unit and the configuration unit database and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir and form a water resource allocation results database;

[0210] Simulation calculation module: It is used to simulate the water resource allocation process of the water source reservoir based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and configuration unit, the constructed supply and demand water forecast module, and the water resource allocation and scheduling module, taking the Wangying Reservoir hub project as the object, and conduct scheduling evaluation;

[0211] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0212] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0213] Other parts not described in detail are all prior art.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a water resources allocation and scheduling model based on a data base, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Based on the collected reservoir information and data, a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database are formed, and a digital mapping method is used to divide the water source reservoir into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database; Step S2: Based on the collected water source reservoir information and data, the water source reservoir is divided into configuration units of different water supply types according to the actual water supply conditions of different water users, and a configuration unit database is formed; Step S3: Based on the supply and demand calculation units and the supply and demand calculation unit database divided in step S1, a water supply and demand prediction module based on the supply and demand calculation units is constructed to perform water inflow forecasting and water demand forecasting for each supply and demand calculation unit, thereby forming a water supply and demand prediction results database; Step S4: Based on the configuration units and configuration unit database divided in step S2 and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database in step S3, a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit is constructed to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir, and form a water resource allocation results database; Step S5: Based on the divided supply and demand calculation units and configuration units, the constructed supply and demand water forecasting module, and the water resources configuration and scheduling module, the water source reservoir is taken as the object to simulate and calculate the water resources allocation process of the water source reservoir, and perform scheduling evaluation.

2. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S11. Collect basic information of the water source reservoir, including the catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures, to form a basic information database; collect the long-term series of historical runoff of the water source reservoir, the long-term series of historical surface rainfall in the corresponding catchment area, and the time series of historical water supply of each water supply port to form a historical water supply database; collect ecological flow control indicators and power generation tasks of the water source reservoir to form a target parameter database; Step S12. According to the actual water inflow of the water source reservoir and its water collection range, ecological flow monitoring stations, urban and rural water supply gates, irrigation water supply gates, and power generation tasks, they are divided into water inflow calculation units, precipitation calculation units, ecological water demand units, urban and rural water supply units, irrigation water units, and power generation water units, and a supply and demand calculation unit database is formed.

3. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The configuration units in step S2 include but are not limited to ecological configuration units, industrial and living configuration units, irrigation configuration units, and power generation configuration units.

4. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S21. According to the collected water source reservoir information and data, the configuration units of different water supply types are divided according to the actual water supply conditions of the water source reservoir to different water users, and the priority level of each configuration unit is set in combination with the importance of each water user; Step S22. According to the collected water source reservoir information and data, combined with the water supply guarantee rate of the water source reservoir to different water users, the water supply guarantee rate of each configuration unit is set; Step S23: forming a configuration unit database based on the types of configuration units of different water supply types, their priority levels and water supply guarantee rates.

5. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 includes the following sub-steps: Step S31. Access the basic information database to obtain basic information of the water source reservoir including the catchment range, catchment area, characteristic water level, characteristic storage capacity, characteristic curve, and flood control and dispatching procedures; Step S32. Access the supply and demand calculation unit database to obtain the water inflow calculation unit, precipitation calculation unit, ecological water demand unit, urban and rural water supply unit, irrigation water unit and power generation water unit of the water source reservoir; access the historical water supply database to obtain the long-term series of historical surface rainfall of each precipitation calculation unit, the long-term series of historical runoff of each water inflow calculation unit, the time series of historical urban and rural water supply of each urban and rural water supply unit, and the time series of historical irrigation water of each irrigation water unit; access the target parameter database to obtain the ecological flow control index of each ecological water demand unit and the power generation task of each power generation water unit; Step S33. For each precipitation calculation unit, combined with the long-term series of historical surface rainfall, based on the given water frequency, determine the typical year or combine the forecast meteorological data to determine the rainfall process forecast data of each precipitation calculation unit; Step S34. For each water inflow calculation unit, based on the long-term series of historical surface rainfall and runoff, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit is calculated according to the monthly runoff coefficient of a typical year; or based on the forecast rainfall process obtained from the forecast meteorological data, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit is determined; Step S35. Calculate the ecological water demand forecast data of each ecological water demand unit in combination with the ecological flow control index; Step S36. Based on each urban and rural water supply unit and in combination with the historical urban and rural water supply time series, calculate the urban and rural water demand forecast data of each urban and rural water supply unit; Step S37. For each irrigation water unit, the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit is calculated by using the typical year method in combination with the historical irrigation water volume time series; or the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit is calculated based on the forecast meteorological data; Step S38. Construct a water supply and demand prediction module based on the supply and demand calculation unit, standardize the above rainfall process forecast, runoff process forecast, ecological water demand forecast, urban and rural water demand forecast, and irrigation water demand forecast data, and store the results in a database to form a water supply and demand forecast results database.

6. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The step S4 includes the following sub-steps: Step S41. Access the configuration unit database to obtain the configuration unit information of the water source reservoir; access the water supply and demand forecast results database to read the rainfall process forecast data of each precipitation calculation unit calculated in step S3, the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit, the ecological water demand forecast data of each ecological water demand unit, the urban and rural water demand forecast data of each urban and rural water supply unit, and the irrigation water demand forecast data of each irrigation water unit; access the target parameter database to read the power generation task of each power generation water unit; Step S42. Obtain the forecast period length, time step, and water source reservoir code, and take the water source reservoir as the object to form a time loop with the time step as the period and the forecast period as the total period length; Step S43. Combine the runoff process forecast data of each water inflow calculation unit calculated in step S3, and calculate the sum of the forecast flow of each water inflow calculation unit in the current period as the total runoff of the water source reservoir in the current period; Step S44. Combine the water demand forecast data of each supply and demand calculation unit calculated in step S3, traverse the configuration units of the water source reservoir, and count the total water demand of different configuration units in the current period; Step S45. Construct a water resource allocation and scheduling module based on the configuration unit, and determine the water resource allocation rules according to the priority levels from high to low in combination with the configuration unit priority set in step S2; access the basic information database and target parameter database of the water source reservoir, and for the current period, in combination with the total runoff of the water source reservoir, the total water demand of different configuration units and the power generation task, perform water scheduling for the current period in accordance with the determined water resource allocation rules, calculate the water supply and water shortage of each configuration unit in the current period, the water abandonment of the water source reservoir and the water level at the end of the period, and use the water level at the end of the current period as the initial reservoir water level for the next period; standardize the calculation results of the water resource allocation and scheduling module and store the results in the database to form a water resource allocation results database.

7. The method for constructing a water resource allocation and scheduling model based on a data base as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises the following sub-steps: Step S51. Given the required database table names for the basic information database, historical water supply database, target parameter database, water supply and demand forecast results database, and water resources allocation results database, provide the database link method, and perform data backplane configuration; Step S52. Provide and input operation time parameters, operation object parameters, rainfall forecast method, runoff forecast method, urban and rural water demand forecast method, irrigation water demand forecast method parameters, and operate the model based on the constructed water supply and demand forecast module and water resource allocation and scheduling module; Step S53. Based on the water supply and demand prediction module constructed in step S3, the water supply and demand prediction results are automatically saved in the water supply and demand prediction results database after the model is run. The predicted precipitation process of each precipitation calculation unit, the predicted runoff process of each water inflow calculation unit, the predicted ecological water demand process of each ecological water demand unit, the predicted urban and rural water demand process of each urban and rural water supply unit, the predicted irrigation water demand process of each irrigation water unit, and the predicted power generation water demand process of each power generation water unit are screened and analyzed through the scheme code; Step S54. Based on the water resource allocation and scheduling module constructed in step S4, the water resource allocation and scheduling results are automatically saved in the water resource allocation results database table after the model is run, and the water inflow of the water source reservoir, the water demand of each configuration unit, the water supply and water shortage, the reservoir water loss, the abandoned water, and the water level and water storage capacity of the water source reservoir at the end of the period are viewed and analyzed through the scheme code screening; Step S55. Calculate and evaluate the water supply guarantee rate of different water use types based on the model simulation calculation results and the water demand and water supply of each configuration unit; Combined with the water level of the water source reservoir at the end of each period, calculate and analyze the fullness rate of the water source reservoir at the end of each period; Step S56. Based on the model simulation calculation results, prepare a water use plan for the water source reservoir in each time period during the forecast period.

8. A water resources allocation and scheduling model building system based on a data base, characterized in that: include: Data collection and storage module: It is used to collect reservoir information and data, analyze and organize the basic information, historical water supply, target parameters and other data into the database, forming a basic information database, a historical water supply database and a target parameter database; Supply and demand calculation unit division module: It is used for the actual situation of water source reservoirs. It uses digital mapping method to divide water source reservoirs into different types of supply and demand calculation units and form a supply and demand calculation unit database; Configuration unit division module: it is used to divide the water source reservoir into different configuration units based on water supply type according to different water supply and water use types based on the actual situation of the water source reservoir and form a configuration unit database; Water supply and demand forecasting construction module: It is used to construct a water supply and demand forecasting module of the supply and demand calculation unit based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and the supply and demand calculation unit database to perform water inflow forecast and water demand forecast of each supply and demand calculation unit, and form a water supply and demand forecasting results database; Water resource allocation and scheduling construction module: It is used to construct the water resource allocation and scheduling module of the configuration unit based on the divided configuration unit and the configuration unit database and the water supply and demand forecast results in the water supply and demand forecast results database to perform water resource allocation and scheduling simulation of the water source reservoir and form a water resource allocation results database; Simulation calculation module: It is used to simulate the water resource allocation process of the water source reservoir based on the divided supply and demand calculation unit and configuration unit, the constructed supply and demand water forecast module, and the water resource allocation and scheduling module, and conduct scheduling evaluation on the water source reservoir; The water resource configuration and scheduling model construction system based on a data base is used to execute the steps in the water resource configuration and scheduling model construction method based on a data base as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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