Method and process for efficiently measuring and calculating plant coverage in quadrat in field

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a process for efficiently measuring and calculating plant coverage in a quadrat on a field site. The method comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a data analysis module and a data storage module which are in butt joint in sequence, the image acquisition module is used for controlling a high-definition camera of the smart phone to carry out image acquisition, the image processing module is used for carrying out operations such as preprocessing, vegetation recognition and color inversion on the acquired image, and the data analysis module is used for calculating the vegetation coverage according to an image processing result. And the data storage module is used for storing the vegetation coverage result map obtained by calculation in a mobile phone storage. According to the invention, high-efficiency and accurate measurement in field investigation is realized by using strong hardware and software performance of the smart phone. The system has the advantages of being convenient to use, high in efficiency, high in measurement and calculation precision and the like, and a new solution is provided for field ecological investigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to measurement methods, and specifically to a method and process for efficiently measuring plant cover in a sample plot in the field. Background Art

[0002] Vegetation coverage refers to the percentage of the vertical projection area of ​​vegetation (including leaves, stems, and branches) on the ground to the total area of ​​the statistical area. Vegetation coverage is an important indicator to measure the status of surface vegetation, an important basic data to describe the ecosystem, and an important indicator of regional ecosystem environmental changes. It is of great significance to hydrology, ecology, and regional changes.

[0003] There are three main methods for measuring vegetation coverage in field work, namely, the needle puncture method, the line segment method and the visual method. The needle puncture method and the line segment method are sampling and measuring methods that use points and lines to represent surfaces, respectively. The implementation is very labor-intensive and the sampling survey efficiency is low; the visual method is a subjective empirical method. Although it is very convenient to implement, it has a large error. Different people will have a large difference in the estimation of the same sample. It is not suitable for calibration and will produce huge deviations when extrapolated to large-area remote sensing images.

[0004] With the continuous innovation and application of information technology, smartphones have become widely popular, greatly changing our lifestyle and the way society operates. Nowadays, smartphones are not just a communication tool, they integrate many functions, such as taking photos, video, games, navigation, etc. The powerful hardware performance of smartphones, such as high-definition cameras, large-capacity storage and computing power, provides new possibilities for field surveys.

[0005] In view of the above factors, in the current era of rapid development of information technology, we urgently need a method that can greatly shorten the time of vegetation coverage measurement in field work and improve work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and process for efficiently measuring plant cover in a sample plot in the field, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0007] A tool for efficiently calculating outdoor vegetation coverage based on a smart phone, comprising an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a data analysis module and a data storage module which are connected in sequence; the image acquisition module is used to control a high-definition camera of a smart phone to acquire images; the image processing module is used to perform preprocessing, vegetation recognition and color inversion on the acquired images; the data analysis module calculates vegetation coverage according to the image processing results, and generates a graph of the results and outputs it to a display screen; the data storage module is used to save the calculated vegetation coverage result graph into the mobile phone storage.

[0008] A method for using a field vegetation coverage measurement tool using a smart phone is implemented by the following steps: Step 1: Open the camera controlled by the image acquisition module in the smartphone, and take a photo of the sample plot vertically from directly above the center of the sample plot to ensure that the photo covers the entire sample plot area; Step 2: Crop the photos and remove the areas outside the sample area; Step 3: Set pre-processing parameters such as enhancement ratio, hue, saturation, and brightness. The enhancement ratio is the photo contrast enhancement coefficient during image pre-processing. Hue, saturation, and brightness are used to set the color range for recognition. Step 4: Select the cropped photo from the mobile phone album and load it into the mobile phone program (APP); Step 5: Use the image processing module to pre-process the loaded photos, including contrast enhancement, color gamut analysis, photo pixel data pre-reading, etc., to automatically remove noise from the photos, make the edges clear, and highlight the color distinction of the photos; Step 6: Then, in the image processing module, the color space of the loaded photo is converted from RGB to HSV, making color segmentation, feature extraction and other operations more convenient. The HSV color space is more in line with the intuitiveness of human color recognition and is convenient for color feature extraction and processing; Step 7: According to the HSV value range and color range parameters of vegetation green, identify the corresponding color area in the photo and accumulate the area size; Step 8: Perform RGB inversion on the green feature range of vegetation identified in the photo to intuitively display the identified area. RGB inversion is to take the values ​​of the three RGB components as 255 and subtract the RGB value of the current color; Step 9: Finally, using the data analysis module, divide the size of the identified green feature range of vegetation by the total size of the photo, and take the percentage to obtain the vegetation coverage value; Step 10: Finally, a watermark with text and a light gray background with 60% transparency is generated at the bottom of the photo according to the photo size, and saved in the result list in image format. The text content is the calculation result of vegetation coverage and is stored by the data storage module; Step 11: Click the result graph in the recognition result list, and slide your finger left and right to view and compare the recognition result graphs under different parameters. You can also zoom in or out the result graph by using two fingers; Step 12: Save the currently selected result map to the mobile phone album. The vegetation coverage range (inverted area) and vegetation coverage results (watermark on the lower side) can be intuitively viewed in the result map, which can be easily compared with the original map and used for subsequent analysis.

[0009] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Easy to use: Using smartphones as measurement tools, there is no need to carry additional professional equipment, which reduces the burden of investigation; 2. High efficiency: image acquisition, processing and analysis can be completed quickly on site, greatly improving investigation efficiency; 3. High measurement accuracy: High-definition cameras and advanced image processing algorithms are used to ensure the accuracy of vegetation coverage measurement; 4. No need for additional records: The measurement results are saved in the mobile phone album in reverse color and watermark mode. You can use them by opening the result chart without additional handwritten records; 5. No need to connect to the Internet: There is no need to connect to the Internet during the measurement process to ensure the security and privacy of the data. It is also suitable for field working environments without signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0011] Figure 1 It is an operation flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Example

[0013] A tool for efficiently calculating outdoor vegetation coverage based on a smart phone, comprising an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a data analysis module and a data storage module which are connected in sequence; the image acquisition module is used to control a high-definition camera of a smart phone to acquire images; the image processing module is used to perform preprocessing, vegetation recognition and color inversion on the acquired images; the data analysis module calculates vegetation coverage according to the image processing results, and generates a graph of the results and outputs it to a display screen; the data storage module is used to save the calculated vegetation coverage result graph into the mobile phone storage. Example

[0014] See also Figure 1 A method for using a tool for calculating vegetation coverage in the wild by using a smart phone is implemented by the following steps: Step 1: Open the camera controlled by the image acquisition module in the smartphone, and take a photo of the sample plot vertically from directly above the center of the sample plot to ensure that the photo covers the entire sample plot area; Step 2: Crop the photos and remove the areas outside the sample area; Step 3: Set pre-processing parameters such as enhancement ratio, hue, saturation, and brightness. The enhancement ratio is the photo contrast enhancement coefficient during image pre-processing. Hue, saturation, and brightness are used to set the color range for recognition. Step 4: Select the cropped photo from the mobile phone album and load it into the mobile phone program (APP); Step 5: Use the image processing module to pre-process the loaded photos, including contrast enhancement, color gamut analysis, photo pixel data pre-reading, etc., to automatically remove noise from the photos, make the edges clear, and highlight the color distinction of the photos; Step 6: Then, in the image processing module, the color space of the loaded photo is converted from RGB to HSV, making color segmentation, feature extraction and other operations more convenient. The HSV color space is more in line with the intuitiveness of human color recognition and is convenient for color feature extraction and processing; Step 7: According to the HSV value range and color range parameters of vegetation green, identify the corresponding color area in the photo and accumulate the area size; Step 8: Perform RGB inversion on the green feature range of vegetation identified in the photo to intuitively display the identified area. RGB inversion is to take the values ​​of the three RGB components as 255 and subtract the RGB value of the current color; Step 9: Finally, using the data analysis module, divide the size of the identified green feature range of vegetation by the total size of the photo, and take the percentage to obtain the vegetation coverage value; Step 10: Finally, a watermark with text and a light gray background with 60% transparency is generated at the bottom of the photo according to the photo size, and saved in the result list in image format. The text content is the calculation result of vegetation coverage and is stored by the data storage module; Step 11: Click the result graph in the recognition result list, and slide your finger left and right to view and compare the recognition result graphs under different parameters. You can also zoom in or out the result graph by using two fingers; Step 12: Save the currently selected result map to the mobile phone album. The vegetation coverage range (inverted area) and vegetation coverage results (watermark on the lower side) can be intuitively viewed in the result map, which can be easily compared with the original map and used for subsequent analysis.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Easy to use: Using smartphones as measurement tools, there is no need to carry additional professional equipment, which reduces the burden of investigation; 2. High efficiency: image acquisition, processing and analysis can be completed quickly on site, greatly improving investigation efficiency; 3. High measurement accuracy: High-definition cameras and advanced image processing algorithms are used to ensure the accuracy of vegetation coverage measurement; 4. No need for additional records: The measurement results are saved in the mobile phone album in reverse color and watermark mode. You can use them by opening the result chart without additional handwritten records; 5. No need to connect to the Internet: No need to connect to the Internet during the measurement process, ensuring data security and privacy, and also suitable for field working environments without signals See also Figure 1 , this specific implementation method is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0016] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for efficiently calculating vegetation coverage in the wild based on a smartphone, characterized by It comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a data analysis module and a data storage module which are connected in sequence; the image acquisition module is used to control the high-definition camera of the smart phone to acquire images; the image processing module is used to perform preprocessing, vegetation recognition and inversion operations on the acquired images; the data analysis module calculates the vegetation coverage according to the image processing results, and generates a graph with the results and outputs it to a display screen; the data storage module is used to save the calculated vegetation coverage result graph to the mobile phone storage.

2. A method for using a tool for calculating vegetation coverage in the wild using a smart phone, characterized in that It is achieved through the following steps: Step 1: Open the camera controlled by the image acquisition module in the smartphone, and take a photo of the sample plot vertically from directly above the center of the sample plot to ensure that the photo covers the entire sample plot area; Step 2: Crop the photos and remove the areas outside the sample area; Step 3: Set pre-processing parameters such as enhancement ratio, hue, saturation, and brightness. The enhancement ratio is the photo contrast enhancement coefficient during image pre-processing. Hue, saturation, and brightness are used to set the color range for recognition. Step 4: Select the cropped photo from the mobile phone album and load it into the mobile phone program (APP); Step 5: Use the image processing module to pre-process the loaded photos, including contrast enhancement, color gamut analysis, photo pixel data pre-reading, etc., to automatically remove noise from the photos, make the edges clear, and highlight the color distinction of the photos; Step 6: Then, in the image processing module, the color space of the loaded photo is converted from RGB to HSV, making color segmentation, feature extraction and other operations more convenient. The HSV color space is more in line with the intuitiveness of human color recognition and is convenient for color feature extraction and processing; Step 7: According to the HSV value range and color range parameters of vegetation green, identify the corresponding color area in the photo and accumulate the area size; Step 8: Perform RGB inversion on the green feature range of vegetation identified in the photo to intuitively display the identified area. RGB inversion is to take the values ​​of the three RGB components as 255 and subtract the RGB value of the current color; Step 9: Finally, using the data analysis module, divide the size of the identified green feature range of vegetation by the total size of the photo, and take the percentage to obtain the vegetation coverage value; Step 10: Finally, a watermark with text and a light gray background with 60% transparency is generated at the bottom of the photo according to the photo size, and saved in the result list in image format. The text content is the calculation result of vegetation coverage and is stored by the data storage module; Step 11: Click the result graph in the recognition result list, and slide your finger left and right to view and compare the recognition result graphs under different parameters. You can also zoom in or out the result graph by using two fingers; Step 12: Save the currently selected result map to the mobile phone album. The vegetation coverage range (inverted area) and vegetation coverage results (watermark on the lower side) can be intuitively viewed in the result map, which can be easily compared with the original map and used for subsequent analysis.

Images