Nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system and application method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system and application method, comprising a pretreatment unit, a centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, a membrane solid-liquid separation unit, a deep purification unit, a radiation protection unit, a discharge unit, a flushing unit, and a control unit. The system also comprises: a solid content subpackaging unit connected to the solid content discharge port of the pretreatment unit; a solid content volume reduction unit connected to the upper slag discharge port I of the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit, respectively; wherein the discharge end of the solid content volume reduction unit is connected to the solid content subpackaging unit. The present invention provides a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system and application method, utilizing the hospital's two existing large-volume natural decay tanks as a collection tank and a discharge tank, respectively, for temporarily storing filtrate and purified liquid, thereby enhancing the system's buffering capacity. The solids separated by the pretreatment unit are packaged and shipped out through the solid content subpackaging unit, thereby reducing the hospital's risk of temporary storage of solids and management costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment, and more specifically, to a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system and application method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional methods of treating nuclear medicine radioactive waste using natural decay have become increasingly inefficient. Furthermore, the treatment capacity is limited, making expansion difficult and struggling to meet the growing demand for medical treatment. Using ion exchange technology to purify nuclear medicine radioactive waste can significantly accelerate its discharge, reduce the volume of temporary storage tanks, and prevent leakage risks.

[0003] The current nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system is a brand-new design based on the newly built hospital, such as a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system and application method with application number 202410429100X. In actual application, it does not fully utilize the powerful temporary storage and buffering capacity of the hospital's existing large-volume natural decay pool. At the same time, the solids separated from the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid still need to be treated by natural decay methods, and the temporary storage and management of the solids still need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system is provided, comprising a pretreatment unit coordinated with a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid discharge port; a centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, a membrane solid-liquid separation unit, and a deep purification unit coordinated with a discharge port I of the pretreatment unit for deep treatment of the pretreated waste liquid; a discharge unit connected to a discharge port II of the deep purification unit; a flushing unit coordinated with the pretreatment unit, the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit; and a control unit communicatively connected to each unit, further comprising:

[0006] a solids dispensing unit connected to the solids discharge port of the pretreatment unit via pipeline I;

[0007] A solid content reduction unit connected to the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the upper slag discharge port I of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit through pipeline II;

[0008] Wherein, the discharge end of the solid content volume reduction unit is connected to the solid content packaging unit.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-processing unit is configured to include:

[0010] The hospital's existing natural decay pool A serves as the system's collection pool;

[0011] An inclined screen solid-liquid separator is installed in the collection tank and cooperates with the raw liquid inlet to achieve preliminary separation of solid and liquid;

[0012] An ultrasonic level meter I is installed above the collection tank to detect the liquid level in the collection tank;

[0013] A discharge mechanism that cooperates with the solids separation side of the inclined screen solid-liquid separator;

[0014] A feeding pipe group arranged on the unloading mechanism;

[0015] Wherein, the feeding pipe group includes:

[0016] Feeding pipe I that cooperates with the disinfection module and flushing unit;

[0017] Feeding pipe II matched with slag discharge port II of the solid content reduction unit;

[0018] A feed pipe is provided on the top of the collection tank and matches the liquid discharge port of the solid content reduction unit;

[0019] A discharge pipe matching the feed port of the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit is provided at the bottom of the collection tank.

[0020] Preferably, the solid content packaging unit comprises:

[0021] conveyor belts;

[0022] A plurality of solids collection tanks are provided on the conveyor belt and spatially aligned with the position of the discharge pipe, wherein the solids collection tanks are connected to a cover body via a spring shaft;

[0023] An ultrasonic level meter is installed on one side of the discharge pipe and is used to detect the amount of solids in the solids collection tank below the discharge pipe;

[0024] An inclined baffle provided on one side of the discharge pipe and above the conveyor belt to buckle the cover body onto the solids collection tank through interference force;

[0025] Wherein, a conical sealing platform is provided inside the cover body for sealing the discharge port of the solid content collection tank;

[0026] The cover and the solid content collection tank are locked by means of a matching spring-type latch.

[0027] Preferably, the solid content reduction unit comprises:

[0028] A buffer tank connected to the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the upper slag discharge port I of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit;

[0029] Ultrasonic level meter II installed above the buffer tank;

[0030] a centrifuge connected to the buffer tank via pipeline III, on which a flushing pipe connected to the flushing unit is provided;

[0031] The separated liquid of the centrifuge is connected to the feed pipe of the collection tank through the liquid outlet, and the slag discharge port III of the centrifuge is connected to the solid content packaging unit through the feeding pipe II.

[0032] Preferably, the deep purification unit is configured to include:

[0033] A deep purification module constructed from n serial ion exchange columns;

[0034] Two liquid collecting tanks I and II are respectively arranged at the front end and rear end of the deep purification module;

[0035] Among them, the liquid inlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collecting tank I through the corresponding pipeline IV, and the liquid outlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collecting tank II through the corresponding pipeline V;

[0036] The liquid outlet and liquid inlet of the adjacent ion exchange column are connected through pipeline VI;

[0037] The liquid outlet of the last-stage ion exchange column is connected to the liquid inlet of the first-stage ion exchange column through pipeline VII.

[0038] Preferably, detection channel I is provided on each level of ion exchange column;

[0039] The liquid collecting tank I and the liquid collecting tank II are respectively provided with a detection channel II and a detection channel III which pass through the tank body to the center transversely;

[0040] Among them, by setting corresponding radiation detectors I, radiation detectors II, and radiation detectors III in each detection channel, a radiation detection unit is constructed on the deep purification unit to perform real-time monitoring of radiation before, during, and after purification.

[0041] Preferably, the discharge unit is configured to include:

[0042] The hospital's original natural decay pool B serves as the system's discharge pool, which is connected to the deep purification unit's liquid outlet. The discharge pool's discharge port is connected to the deep purification unit's liquid inlet and the medical institution's sewage network through corresponding branch pipes and valves.

[0043] Ultrasonic level meter III above the discharge tank;

[0044] Wherein, a sampling port is provided on the discharge pool.

[0045] Also included is the radiation protection unit, which is configured to include:

[0046] Radiation protection layer I provided on the outer or inner wall of the solids collection tank;

[0047] The radiation protection layer II is arranged on the outer wall or inner wall of the ion exchange column.

[0048] An application method of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system comprises:

[0049] S1. Nuclear medicine radioactive waste liquid flows through the inclined screen solid-liquid separator in real time. The filtrate after solid-liquid separation by the inclined screen separator enters the collection tank for temporary storage, and the solids enter the solids packaging unit through the unloading mechanism;

[0050] S2, ultrasonic level meter I detects the liquid level of the collection tank in real time and feeds it back to the host computer so that the downstream units can be started in working state when the collection tank reaches the high liquid level;

[0051] The ultrasonic level meter detects the material level of the solids collection tank below the discharge pipe in real time and feeds it back to the host computer. When the solids collection tank reaches a high level, the valve on the discharge pipe is closed and the conveyor belt is controlled to move forward until the empty solids collection tank reaches the loading position below the discharge pipe.

[0052] S3, the filtrate of the collection tank passes through the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit in sequence, and the solid content goes to the solid content reduction unit. The separated liquid of the solid content reduction unit enters the collection tank, and the separated liquid of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit enters the deep purification unit;

[0053] S4. The ultrasonic level meter detects the liquid level of the buffer tank in the solid content reduction unit in real time and feeds back to the host computer to start the centrifuge of the solid content reduction unit when the buffer tank reaches the high liquid level;

[0054] Radiation detectors at various locations in the deep purification unit detect the radioactivity of the liquid in liquid collection tanks I and II, as well as the radioactivity on the top of the ion exchange column, in real time. Feedback is sent to the host computer to evaluate the dynamic performance of the purification unit and ion exchange column, and to determine whether to optimize the number of ion exchange columns or replace them.

[0055] S5. Ultrasonic level meter III detects the liquid level of the discharge pool in real time and feeds back to the host computer. When the discharge pool reaches a high liquid level, the upstream centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, membrane solid-liquid separation unit and solid content reduction unit are stopped, and the radioactivity test of a third-party agency is started through the sampling port. If the test is qualified, the purified liquid will be discharged into the sewage network. Otherwise, the purified liquid in the discharge pool will be returned to the deep purification unit for further purification until it is qualified for discharge.

[0056] Preferably, when the equipment needs to be cleaned for maintenance, the host computer starts the flushing unit to clean the interior of each unit, and flushes the purified liquid in the water discharge tank.

[0057] The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the hospital's two existing large-volume natural decay pools as a collection pool and a discharge pool, respectively, for temporarily storing filtrate and purified liquid, thereby enhancing the system's buffering capacity. That is, the hospital no longer needs to set up a natural decay pool to decay solids, so that the hospital can achieve continuous treatment of nuclear medicine diagnostic waste liquid, while minimizing changes to the original equipment, and having better cost controllability. The solids separated by the pretreatment unit are packaged and transported through the solid packaging unit, thereby reducing the hospital's risk of temporary storage of solids and management costs.

[0058] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment unit of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the solid content packaging unit of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic closing process of the solid content collection tank of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the solid content reduction unit of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deep purification unit of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge unit of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a workflow diagram of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 9 This is a SEM image of the Schiff base modified ionic framework material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 10 This is a time gradient diagram of the adsorption of lutetium ions by the Schiff base modified ionic framework material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 11 This is a concentration gradient diagram of lutetium ions adsorbed by the Schiff base modified ionic framework material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0071] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0072] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "I" and "II" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "sleeved / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0074] 1. System composition

[0075] The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system mainly includes a pretreatment unit 1, a solid content packaging unit 2, a centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit 3, a membrane solid-liquid separation unit 4, a solid content volume reduction unit 5, a deep purification unit 6, a discharge unit 7, a flushing unit 8, a radiation protection unit 9, a detection unit 10, a video monitoring unit 11 and a control unit 12. Among them, the low-level radioactive liquid waste disposal site is a place located outside the medical institution that can accept and treat low-level radioactive waste. The composition and principle of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0076] 1. Preprocessing unit

[0077] like Figure 2As shown, the pretreatment unit includes a collection tank 14 (repurposed from an existing hospital decay tank), a disinfection module 15, an ultrasonic level gauge I 16, valve I 17, valve II 18, a cutting pump 19, and an inclined screen solid-liquid separator 20 comprised of a comb-tooth inclined screen and a vibrating motor. The pretreatment unit is connected to the nuclear medicine wastewater outlet, the solids packaging unit, the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, the solids volume reduction unit, and the flushing unit pipelines, all connected to the hospital's sewage network. This achieves primary solid-liquid separation of nuclear medicine wastewater, collects and temporarily stores the filtrate produced by the primary separation, and disinfects the separated solids.

[0078] Collection tank 14 primarily utilizes the hospital's existing large-volume natural decay tank. Its primary function is to serve as the main body of the pretreatment unit and to collect and temporarily store the primary separated liquid. A comb-tooth inclined screen and a vibrating motor form the primary solid-liquid separator 20. The raw liquid flows through a lead-coated feed pipe 21 through the comb-tooth inclined screen. Larger solid particles slide off the screen surface toward a discharge mechanism 22 (a pipeline structure with valve II 18 mounted on the discharge mechanism 22). The filtrate enters the collection tank 14, and the vibrating motor is activated periodically to prevent solids from adhering to the screen surface. Separated liquid from the solids reduction unit enters the collection tank 14 through a feed pipe 23 at its top for temporary storage or collection. Solids are then directed to the discharge mechanism 22 via a feed pipe II 24. Rinse water regularly flushes the discharge mechanism 22 through a feed pipe I 25 integrated with the disinfection module. The disinfection module 15 delivers disinfectant to the discharge mechanism 22 via a feed pipe I 25 in real time to disinfect and sterilize the solids. The ultrasonic level meter I 16 detects the liquid level of the collection tank 14 in real time and feeds it back to the control unit (i.e., the host computer). When the predetermined high liquid level is reached, the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, membrane solid-liquid separation unit, solid content reduction unit, and deep purification unit are activated, and when the liquid level is low, these units are deactivated.

[0079] 2. Solids packaging unit

[0080] like Figure 3As shown, the solid content sub-packaging unit includes: a conveyor belt 27, a plurality of solid content collection tanks 28 arranged on the conveyor belt 27, and an ultrasonic level meter 29 arranged on the unloading mechanism 22. The main function of the solid content sub-packaging unit is to automatically fill and temporarily store the solid content discharged from the unloading mechanism 22 in preparation for transportation to a low-level waste disposal site. In actual application, the room where the hospital decay pool was originally set up can be fully utilized. The unloading mechanism 22 is directly set near the collection tank 14, and the conveyor belt is set below the unloading mechanism 22. Because the unloading mechanism 22 is provided with a valve and the volume of each solid content collection tank 28 is limited, the long-term exposure of the solid content in the solid content collection tank 28 is reduced, and no additional shielding is required. However, if the application scenario is strong radiation or low emission, a sealed packaging chamber 26 with an external or internal lead shielding layer can be adaptively set on the outside of the solid content packaging unit (on which an inlet and an outlet are provided to match the two ends of the conveyor belt, and the inlet and outlet are spatially staggered with the position of the unloading mechanism 22, such as the conveyor belt is arranged in a maze-like manner to prevent the leakage of radioactive substances from affecting the environment and human body), and the unloading mechanism 22 is connected to the inside of the sealed packaging chamber 26 to discharge the solid content into the solid content collection tank 28.

[0081] Solids collection tank 28 is a sealable tank constructed of stainless steel with a lead shield. A conveyor belt 27 drives solids collection tank 28 in a directional motion. An ultrasonic level meter 29 monitors the material level within solids collection tank 28 below the discharge port in real time and provides feedback to the control unit. When the material level is high, indicating that solids collection tank 28 is full, valve II 18 is closed, the lid 30 of solids collection tank 28 is sealed, and the conveyor belt is activated until the next empty solids collection tank 28 arrives below the discharge mechanism 22.

[0082] In actual application, since the solids have strong radioactivity, it is necessary to close the lid automatically after the solids collection tank 28 is filled. Figure 4 As shown. The cover of the solid content collection tank 28 is connected to the tank body through a spring shaft 31. In the open state, the inner sealing cover 30 is kept upright by the action of the spring. After being subjected to the back force of the inclined baffle 32 in the sealed filling chamber, the cover 30 can tilt forward. When it reaches the horizontal level, it is locked by the spring latch 33 set on the solid content collection tank 28 (because the spring shaft 31 and the spring latch 33 are both existing technologies, their structure and connection method will not be described in detail here). The conveyor belt 27 drives the solid content collection tank 28 to move forward, and the inclined baffle 32 that remains fixed at a certain height can apply a back force to the inner sealing cover. As long as the minimum height of the baffle is set appropriately, the inner sealing cover can be closed and locked.

[0083] In actual application, a conical sealing platform 35 is provided on the inner side of the cover body to match the opening 34 of the solid collection tank 28 to ensure the sealing of the interior of the solid collection tank 28. However, solid fermentation will produce gas, so the sealed solid collection tank is provided with at least one pressure relief hole 36 on the outer edge of the opening. A one-way valve can be provided in the pressure relief hole 36 to ensure that the pressure relief hole 36 is not open to the outside when the air pressure is within a certain range. When the air pressure exceeds the rated value, the pressure relief hole 36 is opened to release air to prevent high pressure from damaging the structure of the solid collection tank.

[0084] 3. Centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit

[0085] The centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, whose liquid inlet is connected to the bottom pipe of the collection tank, consists of a centrifuge I and a water quality detector I. The centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit's main function is to use the centrifuge to remove smaller solid particles from the wastewater after the primary solid-liquid separation in the pretreatment unit.

[0086] After the primary solid-liquid separation in the pretreatment unit, the wastewater undergoes a secondary solid-liquid separation in a centrifuge. The solids are then discharged into the solids reduction unit, and the separated liquid enters the membrane separation unit. A water quality detector I monitors the separated liquid's water quality parameters in real time and provides feedback to the control unit, providing a basis for quality control.

[0087] 4. Membrane solid-liquid separation unit

[0088] The membrane solid-liquid separation unit's liquid inlet is connected to the centrifuge unit's liquid outlet pipe and consists of a membrane and a water quality detector II. The membrane solid-liquid separation unit's main function is to use membrane filtration to remove tiny solid particles from the wastewater after centrifuge solid-liquid separation.

[0089] The centrifuge then separates the solids and liquids again, producing a third solid-liquid separation in the membrane separation unit. The solids are then discharged into the solids reduction unit, and the separated liquid enters the purification unit. A Water Quality Detector II measures the separated liquid's water quality parameters in real time and provides feedback to the control unit, providing a basis for quality control.

[0090] 5. Solid content reduction unit

[0091] The liquid inlet of the solid content reduction unit is connected to the corresponding slag discharge port I 36 of the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit respectively. The solid content reduction unit includes a buffer tank 37, a centrifuge II 39 connected to the buffer tank through a pipeline III 38, a flushing pipe 40 connected to the flushing unit, an ultrasonic level meter II 41 provided on the buffer tank 37, and a valve III 42 provided on the pipeline III 38. Figure 5 The main function of the solid content reduction unit is to use a centrifuge to perform solid-liquid separation on the slag discharged from the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit to achieve the purpose of solid content reduction.

[0092] The buffer tank is a sealable tank constructed of stainless steel with a lead shield. Solids generated by the centrifugal and membrane solid-liquid separation units initially enter the buffer tank. An ultrasonic level meter II monitors the buffer tank's liquid level in real time and provides feedback to the control unit. A high liquid level activates valve III and the centrifuge, further separating the solids from the liquid. The separated liquid returns to the pretreatment unit's collection tank, where it is then transported to the solids dispensing unit via the pretreatment unit's discharge mechanism 22. A low liquid level closes valve III and the centrifuge.

[0093] 6. Deep purification unit

[0094] The liquid inlet of the deep purification unit is connected to the liquid outlet pipes of the membrane separation unit and the purification unit, such as Figure 6 As shown, the deep purification unit consists of n (n>1) serially connected ion exchange columns 43, n+2 radiation detector well groups, and two liquid collection tanks 44 of identical structure and volume. The main function of the deep purification unit is to use the ion exchange columns to extract and remove radionuclides from the clear liquid after three solid-liquid separations.

[0095] The liquid collection tank is a sealable vessel constructed of stainless steel and a lead shield. A radiation detector hole I45 runs horizontally through the center of the tank, housing the n+1 and n+2 radiation detectors. These detectors measure the radioactivity parameters Ln+1 and Ln+2 of the separated liquid before and after purification in real time, and provide feedback to the control unit, providing a basis for evaluating the deep purification unit's ability to purify radioactive wastewater.

[0096] Each of the n (n>1) serially connected ion exchange columns is a sealable cylinder made of stainless steel and a lead shielding layer. Its interior is filled with ion exchange fibers or resins as needed. In actual use, the liquid inlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collection tank I via a corresponding pipeline IV, and the liquid outlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collection tank II via a corresponding pipeline V. The liquid outlets and inlets of adjacent ion exchange columns are connected via pipeline VI. The liquid outlet of the last ion exchange column is connected to the liquid inlet of the first ion exchange column via pipeline VII. Corresponding valves can be installed on each pipeline to control the operating mode (i.e., series or parallel operation) and operating status (whether it is in the inoperative state for easy replacement or maintenance) of each ion exchange column. A radiation detector hole II 46 runs horizontally through the center of each ion exchange column, which is used to accommodate the first to n radiation detectors. The 1st to nth radiation detectors detect the radioactive parameters L1 to Ln on the upper part of the corresponding ion exchange column in real time and feed them back to the control unit. A radiation detection unit is constructed on the deep purification unit to monitor the radiation before, during and after purification in real time, providing a basis for evaluating the dynamic performance of the ion exchange column.

[0097] Assuming the nuclide removal rate of the purification device is represented by K = Ln + 1 / Ln + 2, and K0 is the threshold for minimum purification capacity. The purification capacity is evaluated based on the measurement values of the n+1 and n+2 radiation detectors, resulting in the dynamic performance table of the deep purification unit (Table 1).

[0098] Table 1

[0099]

[0100] Assume that the radioactivity parameter measured at the top of the first ion exchange column is L1, and the values measured at m evenly distributed time points are L11, L12, ..., L1m. If these m measured values remain relatively large and converge towards consistency, the lipid exchange capacity of the fibers or resin in the upper portion of the ion exchange column is considered to have reached saturation. Because the inlet to the ion exchange column is at the bottom and the outlet at the top, the fibers or resin at the bottom of the column are first exposed to the highest radioactivity in the separation solution, resulting in the strongest ion exchange reaction. This reaction gradually weakens as the column's height increases. Therefore, if the exchange capacity of the fibers or resin in the upper portion of the ion exchange column reaches saturation, the capacity of the entire column is also saturated. Therefore, by recording and comparing the measured values of an ion exchange column over a period of time, the exchange capacity of the fibers or resin within the column can be estimated, providing a basis for replacement of the fibers or resin within the column. The ion exchange capacity is estimated based on the m measured values from the first to n radiation detectors over a period of time, resulting in the dynamic performance table of the ion exchange column shown in Table 2.

[0101] Table 2

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] 7. Emission unit

[0105] The liquid inlet of the discharge unit is connected to the liquid outlet of the deep purification unit, and the discharge port is connected to the liquid inlet of the deep purification unit and the sewage pipe network of the medical institution respectively, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a discharge tank 47 (which also utilizes an existing hospital decay tank), an ultrasonic level meter III 48, a lift pump 49, a sampling port 50, and valves VI 51, V 52, and VI 53. Its main function is to receive and temporarily store the purified liquid produced by the deep purification unit and discharge it regularly.

[0106] Open valve VI 51, and the purified liquid produced by the deep purification unit is transferred to the discharge tank via a lift pump. Ultrasonic level meter III 48 monitors the liquid level in the discharge tank in real time and provides feedback to the control unit. When the liquid level is high, close valve VI 51, take a sample through sampling port 50, and send it to a third-party testing agency for radioactivity testing. If the test passes, open valve V 52 to discharge the temporarily stored purified liquid into the hospital's sewage network. Otherwise, open valve VI 51 to return the purified liquid to the deep purification unit for further purification until it passes the test.

[0107] 8. Flushing unit

[0108] The flushing unit consists of a pretreatment unit flushing module, a centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit flushing module, a membrane solid-liquid separation unit flushing module, and a solids reduction unit flushing module. The flushing water comes from the purified wastewater temporarily stored in the discharge unit. The flushing unit cleans and removes solids from the tanks or equipment of the pretreatment unit, centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, membrane solid-liquid separation unit, and solids reduction unit.

[0109] 9. Radiation Protection Unit

[0110] The radiation protection unit consists of a lead layer wrapped around the solids collection tank, liquid collection tank, ion exchange column, and buffer tank. The thickness of the lead layer is determined by the activity of the waste liquid within the unit. The function of the radiation protection unit is to shield radiation generated by nuclear medicine diagnostic and treatment waste liquids from harming personnel entering the site. Radiation detectors also remove background radiation.

[0111] 10. Detection unit

[0112] The detection unit includes a liquid level detection module, a water quality detection module, and a radioactivity detection module. The detection unit collects and displays the system's process parameters and feeds them back to the control unit, providing a basis for quality control and performance evaluation.

[0113] 11. Video surveillance unit

[0114] The video monitoring unit consists of multiple cameras installed at the system's work site. Its function is to collect on-site video signals from each unit of the nuclear medicine diagnostic and treatment wastewater treatment system.

[0115] 12. Control unit

[0116] The control unit consists of an input module, a communication module, a control module, an execution module, a display module, and an alarm module. The input module receives operator instructions and the test results of the liquid level, water quality parameters, and radioactivity activity of the detection unit, as well as the video signal of the video monitoring unit, as the given value and feedback value of the control unit. The communication module transmits the given value and feedback value to the control module. The control module receives the given value and feedback value and outputs the control signal to the execution module through the communication membrane. The execution module consists of all the valves, pumps, and vibrators of each unit. The execution module receives the control signal to adjust the flow rate and liquid level, and start and stop (close) the equipment and valves of each unit. The display module is mainly used for real-time display of operator instructions, on-site images, process parameters, and work processes. During the operation of the system, the alarm module generates sound and light signals when any parameters are abnormal, prompting the operator to deal with it in a timely manner.

[0117] 2. Workflow

[0118] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the workflow of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment wastewater treatment system includes:

[0119] Step 1: Nuclear medicine radioactive waste flows through the inclined screen solid-liquid separator in real time. The filtrate after solid-liquid separation is temporarily stored in a collection tank. The solids are then discharged through the discharge port into a solids collection tank for packaging and sterilization.

[0120] Step 2: The solids collection tank level and the collection tank level are monitored in real time and fed back to the control system. When the solids collection tank level is high, the conveyor belt moves forward until the empty solids collection tank reaches the loading position below the discharge port, where loading continues. When the collection tank level reaches high, the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, membrane solid-liquid separation unit, solids volume reduction unit, deep purification unit, and discharge unit are activated. When the level is low, these units cease operation.

[0121] Step 3: After the filtrate from the collection tank passes through a centrifuge and membrane for solid-liquid separation, the solids are transferred to a solids reduction unit, and the separated liquid enters an ion exchange column. A water quality detector monitors the parameters of the separated liquid in real time, providing a basis for parameter changes during the solid-liquid separation process.

[0122] Step 4: Real-time detection of the liquid level of the buffer tank of the solid content reduction unit. When the liquid level is high, the centrifuge of the solid content reduction unit is started. When the liquid level is low, the centrifuge is stopped.

[0123] Step 5: The separated liquid is extracted and removed by the ion exchange column before entering the purification unit. Real-time monitoring of the radioactivity of the liquid in the collection tanks I and II, as well as the radioactivity above the ion exchange column, is used to evaluate the dynamic performance of the purification unit and ion exchange column, providing a basis for optimizing the number of ion exchange columns and replacing them.

[0124] Step 7: The purified liquid produced by the deep purification unit is collected and temporarily stored in the discharge pool. The liquid level in the discharge pool is monitored in real time. When the liquid level is high, the collection of purified liquid is stopped and a third-party radioactivity test is initiated. If the purified liquid passes the test, it is discharged to the medical institution's sewage network. Otherwise, the purified liquid is returned to the deep purification unit for further purification until it passes the test for discharge.

[0125] Step 8: When the equipment needs to be cleaned for maintenance, the control system starts the flushing unit, which can clean the inside of all equipment, pools and pipelines. The flushing water is the purified liquid of the discharge unit.

[0126] Furthermore, the ion exchange column of the present invention uses a Schiff base modified ion framework material as a deep purification material for medical wastewater containing lutetium nuclei;

[0127] The structural formula of the Schiff base modified ionic framework material is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Wherein, M is one or a combination of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum, and iron metal cations, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.

[0130] Example 1

[0131] This embodiment provides a method for deep purification of lutetium-containing medical wastewater using a Schiff base-modified ionic framework material, comprising the following steps:

[0132] Step 1: Preparation of Schiff base modified ionic framework material Lys-Na@MF, specifically comprising:

[0133] S1. Cut the original sponge into a cuboid with a length of 10 mm and a width and thickness of 5 mm to obtain an unmodified sponge base;

[0134] S2. Soak the sponge base in anhydrous ethanol, then place it in an ultrasonic oscillator for 20 minutes, repeat this process three times to wash away any impurities, and finally dry it in an oven at 50°C.

[0135] S3. Synthesize a functionalized reagent at room temperature; wherein the functionalized reagent is prepared by adding 14 mL of ethanol as a solvent, adding 1 mmol of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and 2.5 mmol of terephthalaldehyde to react for 10 min; then taking 5 mL of the reacted reagent into a reactor, adding 1 mL each of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane, and standing at room temperature for 10 min, then adding 0.2 mmol of lysine-sodium ionic liquid, placing the mixture on an oscillator, setting the oscillator speed to 250 r / min, and the oscillation time to 10 min, so that the mixture is fully dissolved in the reagent, and then standing at room temperature for 10 min to obtain a functionalized reagent;

[0136] S4. Load the sponge substrate with functional reagents. Place 15 mg of the cleaned and dried sponge substrate into 10 mL of the functional reagent and let it react at room temperature for 15 minutes. Shake it every 3 minutes during the reaction to obtain a Schiff base-modified sponge. Then take out the sponge and dry it in an oven at 60°C. Turn it over every 5 minutes during the drying process to obtain a Schiff base-modified ionic framework material Lys-Na@MF. The SEM image of the Schiff base-modified ionic framework material prepared in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 9 shown.

[0137] Step 2: Place 20 g of the dried Schiff base modified ionic framework material into a glass chromatography column, and use anhydrous ethanol to completely permeate the glass chromatography column containing the Schiff base modified ionic framework material until the anhydrous ethanol completely soaks the Schiff base modified ionic framework material;

[0138] Step 3: Adjust the peristaltic pump flow rate to 2 mL / min and pass the lutetium-containing medical wastewater through a glass chromatography column with an inner diameter of 5 cm and an effective height of 20 cm. Collect the wastewater to complete the deep purification of the lutetium-containing medical wastewater. In this example, the initial lutetium concentration in the nuclear medical wastewater is 10 mg / L, the volume of the nuclear medical wastewater is 1 L, and the lutetium concentration after purification is 0.04 mg / L.

[0139] like Figure 10 As shown, at room temperature (25°C), 15 mg of the modified Schiff base ion framework material prepared in this example was added to 25 mL of a lutetium solution with a lutetium concentration of 100 mg / L. The pH of the lutetium solution was 6.7. From the curve of the adsorption amount changing with time, it can be seen that the modified Schiff base ion framework material has a fast adsorption rate for lutetium and can reach equilibrium in about 10 minutes.

[0140] like Figure 11 As shown, at room temperature (25°C), 15 mg of the modified Schiff base ion framework material prepared in this example was added to 25 mL of lutetium solution with different concentrations. The pH of the lutetium solution was 6.7, and the adsorption time was 6 hours. It can be seen from the curve of the adsorption amount changing with the lutetium ion concentration in the solution that the modified Schiff base ion framework material still has good adsorption performance for high concentration lutetium ion solution.

[0141] The above solution is only an illustration of a preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto. When implementing the present invention, appropriate replacements and / or modifications can be made according to user needs.

[0142] The number of devices and processing scales described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0143] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and exemplary embodiments. They can be applied to a variety of fields suitable for the present invention. Further modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system, comprising a pretreatment unit coordinated with a nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid discharge port; a centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, a membrane solid-liquid separation unit, and a deep purification unit coordinated with the discharge port I of the pretreatment unit for deep treatment of the pretreated waste liquid; a discharge unit connected to the discharge port II of the deep purification unit; a flushing unit coordinated with the pretreatment unit, the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit; and a control unit communicatively connected to each unit, characterized in that: Also includes: a solids dispensing unit connected to the solids discharge port of the pretreatment unit via pipeline I; A solid content reduction unit connected to the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the upper slag discharge port I of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit through pipeline II; Wherein, the discharge end of the solid content volume reduction unit is connected to the solid content packaging unit; The solid content packaging unit includes: conveyor belts; A plurality of solids collection tanks are provided on the conveyor belt and spatially aligned with the position of the discharge pipe, wherein the solids collection tanks are connected to a cover body via a spring shaft; An ultrasonic level meter is installed on one side of the discharge pipe and is used to detect the amount of solids in the solids collection tank below the discharge pipe; An inclined baffle provided on one side of the discharge pipe and above the conveyor belt to buckle the cover body onto the solids collection tank through interference force; Wherein, a conical sealing platform is provided inside the cover body for sealing the discharge port of the solid content collection tank; The cover and the solid content collection tank are locked by means of a matching spring-type latch.

2. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing unit is configured to include: The hospital's existing natural decay pool A serves as the system's collection pool; An inclined screen solid-liquid separator is installed in the collection tank and cooperates with the raw liquid inlet to achieve preliminary separation of solid and liquid; An ultrasonic level meter I is installed above the collection tank to detect the liquid level in the collection tank; A discharge mechanism that cooperates with the solids separation side of the inclined screen solid-liquid separator; A feeding pipe group arranged on the unloading mechanism; Wherein, the feeding pipe group includes: Feeding pipe I that cooperates with the disinfection module and flushing unit; Feeding pipe II matched with slag discharge port II of the solid content reduction unit; A feed pipe is provided on the top of the collection tank and matches the liquid discharge port of the solid content reduction unit; A discharge pipe matching the feed port of the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit is provided at the bottom of the collection tank.

3. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid content reduction unit includes: A buffer tank connected to the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the upper slag discharge port I of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit; Ultrasonic level meter II installed above the buffer tank; a centrifuge connected to the buffer tank via pipeline III, on which a flushing pipe connected to the flushing unit is provided; The separated liquid of the centrifuge is connected to the feed pipe of the collection tank through the liquid outlet, and the slag discharge port III of the centrifuge is connected to the solid content packaging unit through the feeding pipe II.

4. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep purification unit is configured to include: A deep purification module constructed from n serial ion exchange columns; Two liquid collecting tanks I and II are respectively arranged at the front end and rear end of the deep purification module; The liquid inlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collecting tank I through the corresponding pipeline IV, and the liquid outlet of each ion exchange column is connected to the liquid collecting tank II through the corresponding pipeline V. The liquid outlet and liquid inlet of the adjacent ion exchange column are connected through pipeline VI; The liquid outlet of the last-stage ion exchange column is connected to the liquid inlet of the first-stage ion exchange column through pipeline VII.

5. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Detection channel I is set on each level of ion exchange column; The liquid collecting tank I and the liquid collecting tank II are respectively provided with a detection channel II and a detection channel III which pass through the tank body to the center transversely; Among them, by setting corresponding radiation detectors I, radiation detectors II, and radiation detectors III in each detection channel, a radiation detection unit is constructed on the deep purification unit to perform real-time monitoring of radiation before, during, and after purification.

6. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge unit is configured to include: The hospital's original natural decay pool B serves as the system's discharge pool, which is connected to the deep purification unit's liquid outlet. The discharge pool's discharge port is connected to the deep purification unit's liquid inlet and the medical institution's sewage network through corresponding branch pipes and valves. Ultrasonic level meter III above the discharge tank; Wherein, a sampling port is provided on the discharge pool.

7. The nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a radiation protection unit, the radiation protection unit being configured to include: Radiation protection layer I provided on the outer or inner wall of the solids collection tank; The radiation protection layer II is arranged on the outer wall or inner wall of the ion exchange column.

8. An application method of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1. Nuclear medicine radioactive waste liquid flows through the inclined screen solid-liquid separator in real time. The filtrate after solid-liquid separation by the inclined screen separator enters the collection tank for temporary storage, and the solids enter the solids packaging unit through the unloading mechanism; S2, ultrasonic level meter I detects the liquid level of the collection tank in real time and feeds it back to the host computer so that the downstream units can be started in working state when the collection tank reaches the high liquid level; The ultrasonic level meter detects the material level of the solids collection tank below the discharge pipe in real time and feeds it back to the host computer. When the solids collection tank reaches a high level, the valve on the discharge pipe is closed and the conveyor belt is controlled to move forward until the empty solids collection tank reaches the loading position below the discharge pipe. S3, the filtrate of the collection tank passes through the centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit and the membrane solid-liquid separation unit in sequence, and the solid content goes to the solid content reduction unit. The separated liquid of the solid content reduction unit enters the collection tank, and the separated liquid of the membrane solid-liquid separation unit enters the deep purification unit; S4. The ultrasonic level meter detects the liquid level of the buffer tank in the solid content reduction unit in real time and feeds back to the host computer to start the centrifuge of the solid content reduction unit when the buffer tank reaches the high liquid level; Radiation detectors at various locations in the deep purification unit detect the radioactivity of the liquid in liquid collection tanks I and II, as well as the radioactivity on the top of the ion exchange column, in real time. Feedback is sent to the host computer to evaluate the dynamic performance of the purification unit and ion exchange column, and to determine whether to optimize the number of ion exchange columns or replace them. S5. Ultrasonic level meter III detects the liquid level of the discharge pool in real time and feeds back to the host computer. When the discharge pool reaches a high liquid level, the upstream centrifugal solid-liquid separation unit, membrane solid-liquid separation unit and solid content reduction unit are stopped, and the radioactivity test of a third-party agency is started through the sampling port. If the test is qualified, the purified liquid will be discharged into the sewage network. Otherwise, the purified liquid in the discharge pool will be returned to the deep purification unit for further purification until it is qualified for discharge.

9. The application method of the nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment waste liquid treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the equipment needs to be cleaned for maintenance, the host computer starts the flushing unit to clean the inside of each unit, and the flushing water discharges the purified liquid in the pool.

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