Ground wire deicing machine optimization method and system based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse

Abstract

The invention discloses a ground wire deicing machine optimization method and system based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulses, and relates to the technical field of deicing machine optimization, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining ice accumulation first data, and carrying out the type classification of ice layers, so as to obtain a swinging ice layer and a hard ice layer; if the ice layer type is a swinging ice layer, obtaining second data of the deicing environment and calculating an ice layer re-freezing occurrence probability, and carrying out secondary classification on the swinging ice layer according to the ice layer re-freezing occurrence probability; if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, constructing a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model based on the deicing environment second data and the icing first data, and obtaining an initial deicing machine pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; respectively weakening the initial deicing machine pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration to obtain a corrected deicing machine pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; and deicing is carried out according to the corrected pulse repetition frequency of the deicing machine and the corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after deicing operation is converted into a swinging ice layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ground wire deicer optimization, and in particular to a ground wire deicer optimization method and system based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulses. Background Art

[0002] With global warming and frequent extreme weather events, the market demand for ground-line de-icers continues to increase, especially in high-latitude areas such as the United States, Canada, Russia and northern China. The heavy snowfall in winter and the heavy snow removal task have led to a particularly strong demand for ground-line de-icers. The government's emphasis on urban management and emergency response capabilities, as well as the continuous improvement of infrastructure construction, have further promoted the development of the ground-line de-icer market.

[0003] A ground wire de-icer is a device used to remove ice from the ground wire of a power transmission line. It mainly achieves de-icing through physical or thermal energy. Electropulsing is a non-steady-state current field generated by a capacitor or an intermittent source. The commonly used alternating current can be regarded as a pulse current, and one of its cycle processes can be regarded as an electric pulse; high amplitude refers to the high voltage amplitude of the electric pulse, which can usually reach several thousand volts or even higher. This high voltage can produce a large electric field strength, breaking through the interface force between the ice layer and the substrate, causing the ice layer to be subjected to intense electric field effects in a relatively short period of time; narrow pulse width refers to the very short duration of the electric pulse, usually at the microsecond level. Narrow pulse width electric pulses can instantaneously apply the electric field to the ice layer, thereby generating a rapid thermal effect, causing the ice layer to expand and rupture rapidly. The rapid thermal effect helps to shed ice and snow without causing long-term thermal damage to the equipment or the environment.

[0004] Ground wire deicing technology based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse electric pulses has great potential in modern deicing technology due to its advantages of fast and efficient, low energy consumption, and no mechanical wear. Although electric pulse deicing can quickly and effectively remove ice accumulation, how to accurately control the pulse energy is a technical difficulty. If the energy is too large, it may cause damage to the surface material.

[0005] In the prior art, there is a problem that the pulse energy generated by the de-icer may be too large to cause damage to the wires. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ground wire de-icer optimization method and system based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electrical pulses, which obtains a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration to solve the problem in the prior art that the pulse energy generated by the de-icer may be too large and cause damage to the wires.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for optimizing a ground wire de-icer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse width electric pulse comprises the following steps: obtaining first ice accumulation data of a preliminary state of a surface to be de-iced, and classifying the ice layer types, wherein the ice layer types include a rocking ice layer and a hard ice layer; if the ice layer type is a rocking ice layer, obtaining second de-icing environment data and calculating the probability of ice layer refreezing, and performing secondary classification of the rocking ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing; if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, constructing a ground wire electric pulse de-icing mathematical model based on the second de-icing environment data and the first ice accumulation data, wherein the model outputs an initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; weakening the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration respectively to obtain a modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a modified single pulse duration; performing a de-icing operation with the modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the modified single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the de-icing operation is transformed into a rocking ice layer.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the first ice accumulation data includes ice layer thickness, ice layer density, ice surface temperature data, and ice layer hardness. The specific acquisition steps include: emitting a laser beam vertically from the ice surface, calculating the time from emitting the laser beam to receiving the reflected laser beam, and obtaining the ice layer thickness; obtaining temperature distribution data and ice layer pressure data at multiple depths of the ice layer, and obtaining the ice layer density by combining the state equation of ice; exciting mechanical vibration on the ice surface, capturing the ice surface vibration signal with equipment, and calculating the propagation speed and attenuation of the vibration signal to obtain the ice layer hardness; measuring the temperature on the surface of the ice layer to directly obtain the ice surface temperature data.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the second data of the de-icing environment includes humidity data in the working environment of the de-icer, temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer, and evaporation rate of water on the surface of the ice layer. The specific acquisition method includes: determining a humidity monitoring area, and connecting a data acquisition device to a central processing system, recording the humidity value of the humidity monitoring area in the central processing system and establishing a line graph to obtain the peak and valley values ​​of the humidity in the working environment of the de-icer; capturing real-time temperature data, and analyzing the amplitude and frequency of temperature fluctuations to obtain temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer; obtaining changes in moisture content per unit time, combining the temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer, recording the evaporation rate at each unit time point, and combining a preset evaporation rate calculation formula to obtain the evaporation rate of water on the surface of the ice layer.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary classification of the swaying ice layer according to the probability of refrost occurrence is specifically as follows: obtaining second data on the deicing environment of the area to be de-iced of the swaying ice layer; presetting a refrost probability model based on regression analysis to obtain the probability of refrost occurrence of the ice layer; obtaining a refrost occurrence threshold value according to a heat conduction and refrost occurrence model, and secondary classifying the swaying ice layer whose probability of refrost occurrence is greater than the refrost occurrence threshold value as a hard ice layer; and secondary classifying the swaying ice layer whose probability of refrost occurrence is less than the refrost occurrence threshold value as a soft ice layer.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration are weakened respectively, specifically: according to the performance index of the normal operation of the de-icer, the minimum pulse repetition frequency and the shortest duration of the single pulse are obtained; the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration are input into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing; the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency is gradually reduced to the minimum pulse repetition frequency by a preset frequency difference, the initial single pulse duration remains unchanged, and is input into the trained de-icer simulation working model again to obtain the second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency is kept unchanged, the initial single pulse duration is gradually shortened to the shortest duration of the single pulse by a preset time difference, and is repeatedly input into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; according to the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing, the second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing and the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing, a modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a modified single pulse duration are obtained.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the modified single pulse duration are obtained by the following method: find several groups of de-icer pulse repetition frequencies whose de-icing surface state data are closest to the soft ice layer in the second de-icing surface state data group to obtain a fourth frequency data group; find several groups of single pulse durations whose de-icing surface state data are closest to the soft ice layer in the third de-icing surface state data group to obtain a fifth single pulse duration data group; combine the data in the fourth frequency data group with the data in the fifth single pulse duration data group one by one to obtain a de-icing effect data group; establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis based on the de-icing effect data group to obtain a modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a modified single pulse duration.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the ice layer type classification is specifically as follows: based on physical principles and historical experience, data weights are set for the first ice accumulation data one by one; an ice layer classification threshold is calculated in combination with the first ice accumulation data and each data weight; an ice layer classification threshold higher than the ice layer classification threshold is classified as hard ice; an ice layer classification threshold higher than the ice layer classification threshold is classified as hard ice; an ice layer classification threshold lower than the ice layer classification threshold is classified as swaying ice.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the system of the ground wire de-icer optimization method based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse width electric pulses is characterized in that it includes an initial state detection module, a swinging ice layer analysis module, a hard ice layer processing module, a weakening processing module, and a data application module; the initial state detection module is used to detect the initial state of the surface to be de-iced on the iced wire, obtain the first ice accumulation data according to the initial state of the surface to be de-iced, and classify the ice layer type, wherein the ice layer type includes swinging ice layer and hard ice layer; the swinging ice layer analysis module is used to obtain the second de-icing environment data and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing if the ice layer type is a swinging ice layer, and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing according to the ice layer refreezing. The swinging ice layer is secondary classified according to the probability of freezing; the hard ice layer processing module is used to construct a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model based on the second data of deicing environment and the first data of ice accumulation if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, and the model outputs an initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; the weakening processing module is used to weaken the initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration respectively to obtain a corrected deicer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; the data application module is used to perform deicing operations with the corrected deicer pulse repetition frequency and the corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the deicing operation is transformed into a swinging ice layer.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of the ground wire deicer optimization method and system based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulses of the present invention are as follows: 1. By obtaining the first data of ice accumulation and the second data of de-icing environment, it is possible to obtain ice layer information more comprehensively and precisely, provide more accurate ice layer classification, and then accurately calculate the corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and corrected pulse duration, effectively solving the problem in the prior art that the pulse energy generated by the de-icer may be too large to cause damage to the wires.

[0016] 2. By calculating the probability of ice refrost and combining the heat conduction and refrost models, the swaying ice layer is secondary classified, thereby improving the accuracy of ice layer classification, and then realizing the selection of appropriate deicing strategies according to different types of ice layers.

[0017] 3. By establishing a mathematical model and combining the second data of the deicing environment and the first data of ice accumulation, the initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and the initial pulse duration are accurately calculated, so that the initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and the corrected pulse duration are gradually weakened, thereby realizing equipment overheating or energy waste caused by excessive deicing.

[0018] 4. By establishing a three-dimensional coordinate axis, the de-icing machine's repetitive pulse frequency, single pulse duration and de-icing effect are comprehensively considered, and the effects of different parameter combinations can be evaluated in real time to ensure the correct de-icing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for optimizing a ground wire de-icer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the system structure of a ground wire de-icer optimization method based on high-amplitude and narrow-pulse-width electric pulses provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0022] Embodiment 1, Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse, comprising the following steps: Step S1, on the iced electric wire, detecting the preliminary state of the surface to be de-iced, obtaining first ice accumulation data according to the preliminary state of the surface to be de-iced, and classifying the ice layer type, wherein the ice layer type classification includes a swaying ice layer and a hard ice layer; Step S2, if the ice layer type is a swaying ice layer, obtain the second deicing environment data and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing, and perform secondary classification on the swaying ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing; perform secondary classification on the swaying ice layer to obtain soft ice layer and hard ice layer; Step S3, if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model is constructed based on the second deicing environment data and the first ice accumulation data, and the model outputs an initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; Step S4, respectively weakening the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; Step S5, performing de-icing operation with the corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the de-icing operation is transformed into a rocking ice layer.

[0023] The first ice accumulation data includes ice layer thickness, ice layer density, ice surface temperature data, and ice layer hardness. The specific acquisition steps include: Emit a laser beam vertically from the ice surface, calculate the time from emitting the laser beam to receiving the reflected laser beam, and obtain the thickness of the ice layer; Obtain temperature distribution data and ice pressure data at multiple depths of the ice layer, and combine them with the ice state equation to obtain the ice density; Excite mechanical vibration on the ice surface, use equipment to capture the ice surface vibration signal, and calculate the propagation speed and attenuation of the vibration signal to obtain the ice layer hardness; Measure the temperature on the ice surface and directly obtain the ice surface temperature data.

[0024] The swaying ice layer includes soft ice layers and soft ice layers that may refreeze. It is usually formed in an environment with large temperature changes. The surface is relatively loose and can vibrate or shake under external interference. It has a relatively low density, low hardness, and moderate thickness. The hard ice layer usually maintains its hardness and stability in a cold environment. Even in a high humidity environment, the hard ice layer is not easy to directly transform into a soft ice layer. Its structure is more compact and hard, its surface is smooth, its hardness is higher, and its thickness is larger.

[0025] According to the first ice accumulation data, the ice layer to be treated is divided into a rocking ice layer and a hard ice layer, specifically: Based on physical principles and historical experience, data weights are set for the first ice accumulation data one by one; Calculate the ice layer classification threshold by combining the first ice accumulation data and the weight of each data; Classify ice layers with a value higher than the ice classification threshold as hard ice; Classify ice layers with a value higher than the ice classification threshold as hard ice; Classify ice layers with a value below the ice classification threshold as swaying ice; The calculation formula of the ice layer classification threshold is as follows:

[0026] Where: is the ice classification threshold; is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data; The ice surface temperature data in the first ice accumulation data; is the ice density in the first ice accumulation data; is the ice hardness in the first data of ice accumulation; is the first weight, which is 0.5 here; is the second weight, which is 0.4 here. is the third weight, which is 0.3 here; is the fourth weight, which is -0.2 here.

[0027] The hardness of the ice layer is a direct indicator of whether the ice is hard or soft, so the weight of the ice layer density is set as the first weight, and the second weight is set to 0.5 in this application; Density is a key factor that directly affects the hardness of the ice layer. High-density ice is usually harder, and low-density ice may be softer. Therefore, the weight of the ice layer density is set as the second weight. In this application, the second weight is set to 0.4; The thickness of the ice layer directly affects the stability and strength of its overall structure. Generally speaking, the thicker the ice layer, the more likely it is a hard ice layer. Therefore, the weight of the ice layer thickness is set as the third weight. In this application, the second weight is set to 0.3. Temperature has a great influence on the hardness of ice. Ice at low temperatures is usually harder, while ice at high temperatures is softer. However, the influence of temperature is local and instantaneous. Therefore, the weight of the ice surface temperature is set to the fourth weight. This application sets the second weight to -0.2.

[0028] Step S1 has the following advantages: Ice accumulation is classified through multiple data indicators (ice thickness, density, temperature, hardness, etc.), and different de-icing strategies are adopted according to different types of ice (swaying ice and hard ice), so as to more accurately reflect the real characteristics of the ice layer and provide more accurate information for subsequent de-icing work; By combining multiple different measurement methods, such as laser beam detection, vibration signal capture and temperature distribution data, it is possible to obtain comprehensive and detailed multi-dimensional data of the ice layer. This multi-dimensional data can not only improve the accuracy of de-icing decisions, but also effectively deal with complex ice accumulation situations under different environmental conditions, so that de-icing work can obtain accurate data in the first place; By setting multiple thresholds (such as thickness threshold, density threshold, temperature threshold, and hardness threshold) to comprehensively judge the type of ice layer, this threshold-based classification method can ensure the accuracy of the classification results and consider multiple factors in the classification process, thereby avoiding errors caused by single factor judgment.

[0029] Soft ice is ice that is on the surface to be de-iced but can easily break off from power lines or through natural forces.

[0030] The second deicing environment data includes humidity data in the deicer working environment, temperature fluctuation data in the deicer working environment, and evaporation rate of water on the ice layer surface. The specific acquisition method includes: Determine the humidity monitoring area, and connect the data acquisition device to the central processing system, record the humidity value of the humidity monitoring area in the central processing system and establish a line graph to obtain the humidity peak and valley values ​​in the working environment of the de-icer; Capture real-time temperature data, analyze the amplitude and frequency of temperature fluctuations, and obtain temperature fluctuation data in the de-icer working environment; The change of moisture content per unit time is obtained, combined with the temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer, the evaporation rate at each unit time point is recorded, and the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface is obtained by combining the preset evaporation rate calculation formula.

[0031] The evaporation rate of water on the ice layer surface can be used to understand the impact of ambient temperature and humidity on the ice layer. The calculation formula for the evaporation rate of water on the ice layer surface is as follows:

[0032] Where: is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface, It's in time The mass of water evaporated from the interior is the surface area of ​​the ice layer.

[0033] The second deicing environment data is obtained and the probability of ice layer refreezing is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0034] Where: is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface, is the peak-to-valley difference in humidity in the de-icer's working environment. It is the temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer. is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface.

[0035] The secondary classification of the swaying ice layer is carried out according to the probability of ice refreezing, which specifically includes the following steps: Acquire second deicing environment data of the area to be deiced of the swaying ice layer; Based on the preset refrost probability model based on regression analysis, the probability of refrost occurrence of ice layer is obtained; The refrost occurrence threshold is obtained according to the heat conduction and refrost occurrence model, and the swaying ice layer with a refrost occurrence probability greater than the refrost occurrence threshold is secondary classified as hard ice layer, and the swaying ice layer with a refrost occurrence probability less than the refrost occurrence threshold is secondary classified as soft ice layer.

[0036] Step S2 has the following advantages: By introducing the second data of the de-icing environment (humidity, temperature fluctuation, water evaporation rate) to classify the ice layer, the classification process not only relies on the appearance characteristics of the ice layer, but also combines environmental factors. This method can more accurately determine the type of ice layer (such as swaying ice layer, soft ice layer, hard ice layer), avoiding the misjudgment that may be caused by ignoring environmental conditions in traditional methods; By introducing the probability of refreezing to distinguish between hard ice and soft ice, the heat conduction and refreezing models are used for secondary classification. Hard ice and soft ice usually have different ways of removing ice. Secondary classification can provide more targeted guidance for the subsequent de-icing process. For example, soft ice may be easier to fall off naturally or be easily removed by a de-icer, while hard ice may require stronger mechanical force or other special means; Making decisions based on data analysis rather than relying solely on experience or intuition. This data-driven approach provides stronger decision support for de-icing operations, reduces errors that rely on operator judgment, and thus improves work efficiency.

[0037] Humidity has an important impact on the de-icing process. A high humidity environment usually means that the evaporation rate of water on the surface of the ice layer is slower, requiring more pulse energy for heating. Conversely, in a low humidity environment, water evaporates faster, which may reduce the required pulse energy. Humidity data helps adjust the energy output of the pulse.

[0038] Temperature fluctuations will affect the hardness of the ice layer and the de-icing efficiency. When the temperature is low, the ice layer is more difficult to heat and requires more energy. Excessive temperature fluctuations may lead to uneven de-icing process, so appropriate adjustments need to be made to the pulse frequency and duration.

[0039] The evaporation rate of water affects the heat conduction effect of the ice layer. When the evaporation rate is faster, the heat transfer is more efficient; otherwise, more heat is required to maintain the de-icing effect.

[0040] The calculation formula of the de-icer pulse repetition frequency can be based on the basic principles of heat conduction and energy conservation, combined with the second data of the de-icing environment and the first data of ice accumulation, to obtain the following calculation formula:

[0041] Where: is the calculation formula for the pulse repetition frequency of the de-icer, is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data, is the temperature fluctuation data in the de-icing machine working environment in the second de-icing environment data, is the humidity data in the de-icing machine working environment in the second de-icing environment data, is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface in the second data of the deicing environment, is a constant, reflecting the influence of different environmental factors on the frequency.

[0042] The pulse repetition frequency refers to the number of pulses generated per unit time. The frequency will affect the heating speed of the ground wire and the uniformity of ice melting. The frequency needs to be adjusted according to the actual needs of ground wire deicing to ensure that the system can continuously output sufficient heat while avoiding overheating or inefficiency of the equipment.

[0043] The calculation formula of the single pulse duration is based on the release time of the current and the length of time the ice layer is heated, combined with the second data of the deicing environment and the first data of ice accumulation, and the following calculation formula is obtained:

[0044] Where: is the calculation formula for the duration of a single pulse, is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data, is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface in the second data of the deicing environment, It is the ice surface temperature data in the first ice accumulation data.

[0045] If the pulse repetition frequency is too high, the following problems may occur: Equipment overheating: Too high a frequency may cause the equipment to be continuously in a high-load state, causing overheating; Excessive power load: High-frequency pulses may cause excessive power output load, thus affecting system stability; Uneven thermal effect: Too high a frequency may result in uneven heat release and ineffective de-icing.

[0046] If the pulse repetition frequency is too low, the following problems may occur: Low-frequency pulses may result in pulse intervals that are too long, making it impossible to effectively and continuously apply sufficient energy to the ice layer, thereby extending the de-icing time.

[0047] The duration of a single electrical pulse refers to the pulse width. The length of the pulse width directly affects the release time of the current and the time the ice layer is heated. The pulse width needs to be precisely adjusted to ensure that each pulse lasts long enough to generate enough heat and break the ice layer, but does not cause overheating or energy waste.

[0048] Using electric pulses for de-icing has been a research hotspot in recent years, especially in the de-icing of high-voltage transmission lines and power equipment. The mathematical model of ground wire electric pulse de-icing is an existing electric pulse de-icing technology that uses the pulse effect of the electric field to heat or vibrate the ice layer, causing the structure of the ice layer to change, thereby promoting the shedding of ice. A mathematical model is constructed to simulate factors such as heat conduction, ice layer force, and interaction between electric pulses and ice during the de-icing process. This model is usually based on the action mechanism of the electric field, the temperature change model, and the physical properties of the material for numerical calculations. Through mathematical modeling, the influence of different parameters on the ice removal efficiency can be predicted, and these parameters can be adjusted according to different environmental conditions.

[0049] The goal of the weakening treatment is to adjust the parameters so that the deicing effect is no longer as fast and complete as the traditional deicing to remove ice, but to gradually soften the ice layer, thereby forming a soft ice layer that is easier to fall off. The initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration are weakened respectively, and the processing steps specifically include: According to the performance index of normal operation of the de-icer, the minimum pulse repetition frequency and the shortest duration of a single pulse are obtained; Inputting the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing; The initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency is gradually reduced to the minimum pulse repetition frequency by a preset frequency difference, the initial single pulse duration remains unchanged, and is input into the trained de-icer simulation working model again to obtain a second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; Keeping the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency unchanged, the initial single pulse duration is gradually shortened to the shortest single pulse duration by a preset time difference, and repeatedly inputted into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; A corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration are obtained based on the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing, the second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing and the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing.

[0050] The modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the modified single pulse duration are obtained in the following manner: Finding several groups of deicing machine pulse repetition frequencies whose deicing surface state data are closest to the soft ice layer in the second deicing surface state data group, and obtaining a fourth frequency data group; Finding the single pulse durations of several groups of deicing surface state data that are closest to the soft ice layer in the third deicing surface state data group, and obtaining a fifth single pulse duration data group; Combining the data in the fourth frequency data group with the data in the fifth single pulse duration data group one by one to obtain a deicing effect data group; A three-dimensional coordinate axis is established according to the de-icing effect data set to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration.

[0051] The horizontal axis variable of the three-dimensional coordinate axis established according to the deicing effect data set is the deicer pulse repetition frequency, the vertical axis variable is the single pulse duration, and the vertical axis variable is the deicing effect.

[0052] Step S4 has the following advantages: By gradually weakening the pulse frequency and the duration of a single pulse, the goal is to gradually form a soft ice layer that is easy to fall off. This can not only reduce the residual ice layer, but also improve the sustainability of the de-icing effect and the controllability of the ice surface state, so that the ice layer gradually softens instead of removing ice suddenly. This gradual treatment can reduce the burden on the equipment, reduce the problem of overheating or excessive de-icing, and avoid damage to the equipment and ice layer; By establishing a three-dimensional coordinate axis and combining the changes in pulse frequency, pulse duration and de-icing effect, it is possible to comprehensively evaluate the effects of different parameter combinations and find the corrected de-icer pulse frequency and duration, thereby achieving a more efficient and accurate de-icing effect.

[0053] The system of the ground wire de-icer optimization method based on high-amplitude narrow-width electric pulses is characterized by comprising an initial state detection module, a swing ice layer analysis module, a hard ice layer processing module, a weakening processing module, and a data application module; An initial state detection module is used to detect the initial state of the surface to be de-iced on the iced electric wire, obtain first ice accumulation data according to the initial state of the surface to be de-iced, and classify the ice layer type, wherein the ice layer type includes a swaying ice layer and a hard ice layer; A swaying ice layer analysis module is used to obtain the second deicing environment data and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing if the ice layer type is swaying ice layer, and perform secondary classification of the swaying ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing; A hard ice layer processing module, for constructing a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model based on the second deicing environment data and the first ice accumulation data if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, and the model outputs an initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; A weakening processing module is used to weaken the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration respectively to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; The data application module is used for performing de-icing operation with a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the de-icing operation is transformed into a rocking ice layer.

[0054] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0055] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0056] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0057] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0058] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0059] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground wire de-icer optimization method based on high-amplitude narrow-width electric pulses, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining first ice accumulation data of a preliminary state of the surface to be de-iced, and classifying the ice layer types, which include swaying ice layers and hard ice layers; If the ice layer type is a swaying ice layer, obtain the second deicing environment data and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing, and perform secondary classification of the swaying ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing; If the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model is constructed based on the second deicing environment data and the first ice accumulation data, and the model outputs an initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; The initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration are weakened respectively to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; The de-icing operation is performed with a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the de-icing operation is transformed into a rocking ice layer.

2. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first ice accumulation data includes ice layer thickness, ice layer density, ice surface temperature data, and ice layer hardness. The specific acquisition steps include: Emit a laser beam vertically from the ice surface, calculate the time from emitting the laser beam to receiving the reflected laser beam, and obtain the thickness of the ice layer; Obtain temperature distribution data and ice pressure data at multiple depths of the ice layer, and combine them with the ice state equation to obtain the ice density; Excite mechanical vibration on the ice surface, use equipment to capture the ice surface vibration signal, and calculate the propagation speed and attenuation of the vibration signal to obtain the ice layer hardness; Measure the temperature on the ice surface and directly obtain the ice surface temperature data.

3. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The second deicing environment data includes humidity data in the deicer working environment, temperature fluctuation data in the deicer working environment, and evaporation rate of water on the ice layer surface. The specific acquisition method includes: Determine the humidity monitoring area, and connect the data acquisition device to the central processing system, record the humidity value of the humidity monitoring area in the central processing system and establish a line graph to obtain the humidity peak and valley values ​​in the working environment of the de-icer; Capture real-time temperature data, analyze the amplitude and frequency of temperature fluctuations, and obtain temperature fluctuation data in the de-icer working environment; The change of moisture content per unit time is obtained, combined with the temperature fluctuation data in the working environment of the de-icer, the evaporation rate at each unit time point is recorded, and the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface is obtained by combining the preset evaporation rate calculation formula.

4. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary classification of the swaying ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing is as follows: Acquire second deicing environment data of the area to be deiced of the swaying ice layer; Based on the preset refrost probability model based on regression analysis, the probability of refrost occurrence of ice layer is obtained; The refrost threshold is obtained based on the heat conduction and refrost model, and the swaying ice layer with a refrost probability greater than the refrost threshold is secondary classified as hard ice layer; The swaying ice layer with the probability of refrost occurrence less than the refrost occurrence threshold is secondary classified as soft ice layer.

5. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration are weakened respectively, specifically: According to the performance index of normal operation of the de-icer, the minimum pulse repetition frequency and the shortest duration of a single pulse are obtained; Inputting the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing; The initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency is gradually reduced to the minimum pulse repetition frequency by a preset frequency difference, the initial single pulse duration remains unchanged, and is input into the trained de-icer simulation working model again to obtain a second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; Keeping the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency unchanged, the initial single pulse duration is gradually shortened to the shortest single pulse duration by a preset time difference, and repeatedly inputted into the trained de-icer simulation working model to obtain the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing; A corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration are obtained based on the first de-icing surface state data after de-icing, the second de-icing surface state data group after de-icing and the third de-icing surface state data group after de-icing.

6. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The modified de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the modified single pulse duration are obtained in the following manner: Finding several groups of deicing machine pulse repetition frequencies whose deicing surface state data are closest to the soft ice layer in the second deicing surface state data group, and obtaining a fourth frequency data group; Finding the single pulse durations of several groups of deicing surface state data closest to the soft ice layer in the third deicing surface state data group, and obtaining a fifth single pulse duration data group; Combining the data in the fourth frequency data group with the data in the fifth single pulse duration data group one by one to obtain a deicing effect data group; A three-dimensional coordinate axis is established according to the de-icing effect data set to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration.

7. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The ice layer types are classified as follows: Based on physical principles and historical experience, data weights are set for the first ice accumulation data one by one; Calculate the ice layer classification threshold by combining the first ice accumulation data and the weight of each data; Classify ice layers with a value higher than the ice classification threshold as hard ice; Classify ice layers with a value higher than the ice classification threshold as hard ice; Classify ice layers with a value below the ice classification threshold as swaying ice; The calculation formula of the ice layer classification threshold is as follows: Where: is the ice classification threshold; is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data; The ice surface temperature data in the first ice accumulation data; is the ice density in the first ice accumulation data; is the ice hardness in the first data of ice accumulation; is the first weight, which is 0.5 here; is the second weight, which is 0.4 here. is the third weight, which is 0.3 here; is the fourth weight, which is -0.2 here.

8. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency is calculated as follows: Where: is the calculation formula for the pulse repetition frequency of the de-icer, is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data, is the temperature fluctuation data in the de-icing machine working environment in the second de-icing environment data, is the humidity data in the de-icing machine working environment in the second de-icing environment data, is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface in the second data of the deicing environment, is a constant, representing the impact of different environmental factors on the frequency.

9. The method for optimizing a ground wire deicer based on a high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulse as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The initial single pulse duration is calculated as follows: Where: is the calculation formula for the duration of a single pulse, is the ice thickness in the first ice accumulation data, is the evaporation rate of water on the ice surface in the second data of the deicing environment, It is the ice surface temperature data in the first ice accumulation data.

10. A system using the ground wire de-icer optimization method based on high-amplitude narrow-pulse-width electric pulses as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes initial state detection module, swaying ice layer analysis module, hard ice layer processing module, weakening processing module and data application module; An initial state detection module is used to detect the initial state of the surface to be de-iced on the iced electric wire, obtain first ice accumulation data according to the initial state of the surface to be de-iced, and classify the ice layer type, wherein the ice layer type includes a swaying ice layer and a hard ice layer; A swaying ice layer analysis module is used to obtain the second deicing environment data and calculate the probability of ice layer refreezing if the ice layer type is swaying ice layer, and perform secondary classification of the swaying ice layer according to the probability of ice layer refreezing; A hard ice layer processing module, for constructing a ground wire electric pulse deicing mathematical model based on the second deicing environment data and the first ice accumulation data if the ice layer type is a hard ice layer, and the model outputs an initial deicer pulse repetition frequency and an initial single pulse duration; A weakening processing module is used to weaken the initial de-icer pulse repetition frequency and the initial single pulse duration respectively to obtain a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration; The data application module is used for performing de-icing operation with a corrected de-icer pulse repetition frequency and a corrected single pulse duration, and the hard ice layer after the de-icing operation is transformed into a rocking ice layer.

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